Coeliac sprue. Medical search. Frequent questions

Celiac disease, also called coeliac disease or celiac sprue, is a genetic, chronic autoimmune disease resulting in chronic enteritis and villous atrophy secondary to gluten ingestion that causes malabsorption and malnutrition, which lead to nutritional deficiencies. (delectablefoodlife.com)

Celiac disease also called gluten sensitive enteropathy is also called sprue or coeliac is an immune reaction to feeding on gluten. (celiacstips.com)
Celiac disease-sometimes called sprue or coeliac-is a condition where people have a damaging immune reaction whenever they consume gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. (belmarrahealth.com)
Stool Test for Celiac Disease Celiac disease (coeliac disease, coeliac sprue or gluten allergy) is an autoimmune disorder of the small bowel that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals in all age groups after early infancy. (candidatest.co.uk)
Lo A, Guelrud M, Essenfeld H, Bonis P. Classification of villous atrophy with enhanced magnification endoscopy in patients with celiac disease and tropical sprue. (medscape.com)
Coeliac UK, Britain's leading celiac disease organization has finalized an agreement for all European countries to use a single universal gluten-free symbol on the front of all packaging for gluten-free products. (glutenfreedomproject.com)

Tropical sprue is a malabsorption disease commonly found in tropical regions, marked with abnormal flattening of the villi and inflammation of the lining of the small intestine. (wikipedia.org)
Coeliac disease (also known as coeliac sprue or gluten sensitive enteropathy), has similar symptoms to tropical sprue, with the flattening of the villi and small intestine inflammation and is caused by an autoimmune disorder in genetically susceptible individuals triggered by ingested gluten. (wikipedia.org)
Several environmental, genetic, and immune factors create a "perfect storm" for the development of coeliac disease: the antigen gluten, the strong association of coeliac disease with HLA, the deamidation of gluten peptides by the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2) generating peptides that bind strongly to the predisposing HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 molecules, and the ensuing unrestrained T cell response. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we will discuss how tissue destruction in the context of coeliac disease results from the complex interactions between gluten, HLA molecules, TG2, and multiple innate and adaptive immune components. (frontiersin.org)
Coeliac disease (CeD) is a multifactorial intestinal immune-mediated disorder with autoimmune features that leads to inflammatory and destructive lesions in the proximal small intestine. (frontiersin.org)
Radiographic findings of celiac sprue are present in virtually all patients in the clinically active phase of the disease. (medscape.com)
Tropical sprue is primarily an adult disease, but it has been described in children. (medscape.com)
Celiac (Coeliac) Disease, also known as Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy, Gluten Intolerance, Celiac Sprue or Nontropical Sprue, is a genetic disorder of the autoimmune system. (bellaonline.com)
Coeliac disease is a lifelong, autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation in the small intestine after the ingestion of gluten which is found in all sorts of wheat and grains , including rye and barley (1). (thehungrypicklee.com)
The type of protein found here is gluten, the main culprit in Coeliac disease. (thehungrypicklee.com)
Gluten intolerance is different from coeliac disease - this is an auto-immune disease caused by a reaction to gluten, which must be avoided for life. (thehungrypicklee.com)
More specifically, the main culprit behind coeliac disease are prolamins , a group of plant storage proteins. (thehungrypicklee.com)
Coeliac disease is one of the most common genetic diseases that result from both environmental and genetic factors (6). (thehungrypicklee.com)
Prevalence of coeliac disease worldwide (7). (thehungrypicklee.com)
The prevalence of coeliac disease has been estimated to approximate 0.5%-1% in different parts of the world (8). (thehungrypicklee.com)
In America, 1 out of every 133 Americans suffers from coeliac disease according to NIDDK (11). (thehungrypicklee.com)
The coeliac iceberg model represents the various manifestations of coeliac disease. (thehungrypicklee.com)
Histology shows damage to the intestinal lining (villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia) and positive blood test results for coeliac disease. (thehungrypicklee.com)
this represents those who are genetically predisposed to develop coeliac disease but have yet to do so. (thehungrypicklee.com)
Coeliac disease is a permanent intolerance of the organism towards gluten . (schaer-foodservice.com)
The same as with coeliac disease the only effective therapy is a strict avoidance of the triggering allergen, whereby due to the similarity of the allergens very often not only wheat, but also wild wheat, durum wheat, small spelt, Emmer wheat, Kamut, wild spelt, spelt and green spelt should be eliminated. (schaer-foodservice.com)
The paper aims to review the prevalence and natural history of coeliac disease in patients with type 1A diabetes mellitus and auto- immune thyroid disorders. (ageb.be)
Thyroid disor- ders (thyroiditis and Graves' disease) are also usual in coeliac disease. (ageb.be)
Thus, screening program for coeliac disease are recommended in individuals with type 1A diabetes and/or auto-immune thyroid conditions, as well as in their first-degree relatives. (ageb.be)
Coeliac disease is caused by an. (candidatest.co.uk)
Recent aspects of antibody determination for the diagnosis of coeliac disease]. (ox.ac.uk)
Antibody assays play an important role in the diagnosis of coeliac disease (coeliac sprue, gluten-sensitive enteropathy), a condition characterized by immunological intolerance to gluten from wheat and from proteins of related cereals in genetically predisposed persons. (ox.ac.uk)
Demonstration of typical changes in the mucose of the small intestine is still required for the definitive diagnosis of coeliac disease. (ox.ac.uk)
Prospective studies are needed to show whether antibody assays could replace biopsy in the diagnosis of coeliac disease in a substantial number of patients. (ox.ac.uk)
Tropical sprue: revisiting an underrecognized disease. (medscape.com)
Be vigilant for patients with coeliac disease. (medscape.com)
Tropical sprue--specific disease or extreme of a spectrum? (medscape.com)
It's important to note that yeast allergy is not the same as coeliac disease (or gluten intolerance). (sensitivitycheck.co)
Coeliac disease is often confused with a yeast allergy. (sensitivitycheck.co)
Gluten intolerance, due to celiac sprue, is an autoimmune disease, as opposed to an allergy. (sensitivitycheck.co)
Janet Vaughan, who has been the subject of an earlier article in this Archive series (Firkin, 2000), found that children with coeliac disease and adults with idiopathic steatorrhoea suffering from 'megalocytic hyperchromic anaemia' also showed haematological responses to Marmite (Vaughan, 1932). (researcher.life)
Tropical sprue responds to folate supplements in the early stages of the disease but cobalamin status must also be checked, particularly later. (pillintrip.com)
ABSTRACT Our prospective hospital-based study examined frequency, clinical presentation and se- rological indicators of coeliac disease that correlated with intestinal biopsy among high-risk Sudanese children. (who.int)
In Sudan diagnosis of coeliac disease measurements, signs of nutritional deficien- has depended upon histological changes of cies and signs suggestive of coeliac disease, the small bowel biopsy and improvement such as proximal muscle wasting, abdominal after withdrawal of gluten from the diet. (who.int)
a complete blood count, total serum protein, Our study aimed to determine the inci- serum albumin and stool examination for dence of coeliac disease in Sudanese chil- ova and parasites. (who.int)
If you are amongst around 1% of the population with coeliac disease, have a genuine allergy , or simply believe there isn't a way for you to stomach anything made with wheat, barley, rye or oats, you might walk to a retailer's growing 'free from' section to find your rations. (sustainweb.org)
Meijer C, Shamir R, Mearin M. Coeliac disease and noncoeliac gluten sensitivity. (medscape.com)

A link between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and tropical sprue has been proposed to be involved in the aetiology of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). (wikipedia.org)
Estimation of the frequency of coeliac sprue in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the influence of coeliac sprue on the course of IBS. (krakow.pl)

Intestinal immunologic dysfunction, including deficiencies in secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), may predispose people to malabsorption and bacterial colonization, so tropical sprue may be triggered in susceptible individuals following an acute enteric infection. (wikipedia.org)
Tropical sprue (TS) is a syndrome characterized by acute or chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and malabsorption of nutrients. (medscape.com)
Aetiology and pathogenesis of postinfective tropical malabsorption (tropical sprue). (medscape.com)

Diagnosis of tropical sprue can be complicated because many diseases have similar symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
Small-bowel series and enteroclysis are the preferred radiographic examinations for the diagnosis of celiac sprue. (medscape.com)
When multiple findings of sprue are present on small-bowel follow-though or enteroclysis, the diagnosis is fairly specific. (medscape.com)
However, up to 25% of patients may not have enough findings for a confident diagnosis, and a small percentage of patients may have multiple findings that are radiographically suggestive of celiac sprue with negative biopsy results. (medscape.com)

The exact causative factor of tropical sprue is unknown, but an intestinal microbial infection is believed to be the initiating insult. (medscape.com)
Enterotoxigenic intestinal bacteria in tropical sprue. (medscape.com)

The symptoms of tropical sprue are: Diarrhoea Steatorrhoea or fatty stool (often foul-smelling and whitish in colour) Indigestion Cramps Weight loss and malnutrition Fatigue Left untreated, nutrient and vitamin deficiencies may develop in patients with tropical sprue. (wikipedia.org)
These deficiencies may have these symptoms: Vitamin A deficiency: hyperkeratosis or skin scales Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies: anaemia, numbness, and tingling sensation Vitamin D and calcium deficiencies: spasm, bone pain, muscle weakness Vitamin K deficiency: bruises The cause of tropical sprue is not known. (wikipedia.org)
Tropical sprue is largely limited to within about 30 degrees north and south of the equator. (wikipedia.org)
Other conditions which can resemble tropical sprue need to be differentiated. (wikipedia.org)
Environmental enteropathy is a less severe, subclinical condition similar to tropical sprue. (wikipedia.org)
Once diagnosed, tropical sprue can be treated by a course of the antibiotic tetracycline or sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole) for 3 to 6 months. (wikipedia.org)
The prognosis for tropical sprue may be excellent after treatment. (wikipedia.org)
Tropical sprue is common in the Caribbean, Central and South America, and India and southeast Asia. (wikipedia.org)
Tropical sprue was responsible for one-sixth of all casualties sustained by the Allied forces in India and Southeast Asia during World War II. (wikipedia.org)
The use of folic acid and vitamin B12 in the treatment of tropical sprue was promoted in the late 1940s by Dr. Tom Spies of the University of Alabama, while conducting his research in Cuba and Puerto Rico. (wikipedia.org)
[ 1 ] The first description of tropical sprue is attributed to William Hillary's 1759 account of his observations of chronic diarrhea while in Barbados. (medscape.com)
Subsequently, tropical sprue was described in tropical climates throughout the world. (medscape.com)
Tropical sprue (hematoxylin-eosin [H&E], original magnification ×10). (medscape.com)
Hormone enteroglucagon and motilin levels are elevated in patients with tropical sprue. (medscape.com)
Coliform bacteria, such as Klebsiella , E coli and Enterobacter species are isolated and are the usual organisms associated with tropical sprue. (medscape.com)
Tropical sprue appears to be declining globally. (medscape.com)
Tropical sprue occurs in geographically limited areas. (medscape.com)
Tropical sprue occurs in both epidemic and endemic forms, primarily in Southeast Asia and the Caribbean. (medscape.com)
One unusual feature is that tropical sprue appears to be limited to certain geographic areas, even within the tropics. (medscape.com)
For example, although tropical sprue is commonly reported in Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic, it is not reported in Jamaica. (medscape.com)
Tropical sprue is confined to geographic regions, but it is observed in individuals of all races who live in or visit those regions. (medscape.com)
Prognosis is generally good for patients with tropical sprue. (medscape.com)
Complications of tropical sprue include anemia, malnutrition, and vitamin deficiency. (medscape.com)
Brown et al compared the histologic changes found in tropical sprue with those occurring in gluten-sensitive enteropathy, a condition for which tropical sprue is often mistaken. (medscape.com)
The study, which involved 12 patients with tropical sprue and 150 cases of gluten-sensitive enteropathy, identified no complete villous blunting in the duodenal mucosa of the tropical sprue patients, although partial blunting occurred in 75% of them. (medscape.com)
The investigators also found that in the appropriate clinical context, tropical sprue is indicated by involvement of the terminal ileum, with greater inflammation and villous blunting than in the duodenum, and by the presence, in the lamina propria, of a conspicuous eosinophil infiltrate. (medscape.com)
Tropical Sprue and Malnutrition in West Bengal. (medscape.com)
Floch MH, Ozick L. Tropical sprue. (medscape.com)
Tropical sprue (H&E, orig. (medscape.com)
3.3 Non-tropical sprue. (pillintrip.com)

Under the agreement, the Association of European Coeliac Societies will adopt Coeliac UK's 'cross-grain' symbol as the standard for gluten-free labeling across Europe. (glutenfreedomproject.com)

Medium answer: wheat, barley and rye - recent studies indicate that some coeliacs can tolerate contamination-free oats in small portions. (free-from.com)

Randomised clinical study: gluten challenge induces symptom recurrence in only a minority of patients who meet clinical criteria for non-coeliac gluten sensitivity. (medscape.com)

It is possible, if your symptoms are not disappearing, that you are a sensitive coeliac and should also avoid these CODEX products. (free-from.com)

Didn't the 2004 study ' Sourdough bread made from wheat and non-toxic flours and started with selected lactobacilli is tolerated in Celiac Sprue patients ' prove it? (sustainweb.org)

Lymphomas and endocrine tumours are as frequent as carci- nomas and have necessary associations with precursor condi- tions such as coeliac sprue, a number of endocrine neoplasia and Von Recklinghausen Syndrome. (58cam.com)

Common findings in celiac sprue include dilatation of the small intestine lumen, intussusception, hypersecretion, segmentation, a mosaic pattern, and jejunoileal fold-pattern reversal. (medscape.com)

Recurrent hypoglycaemia in diabetic subjects (indi- rectly) suggest the development of coeliac sprue. (ageb.be)

For the most effective treatment of Gluten Intolerance, the Celiac Sprue Association (CSA ) recommends zero tolerance. (bellaonline.com)
Even if you don't see any ingredients on a product that you suspect contain gluten, we don't suggest you buy/eat it unless it is endorsed by one of two organizations - the Gluten Intolerance Group (GIG) or the Celiac Sprue Association (CSA). (glutenfreedomproject.com)

Coeliac disease (also known as coeliac sprue or gluten sensitive enteropathy), has similar symptoms to tropical sprue, with the flattening of the villi and small intestine inflammation and is caused by an autoimmune disorder in genetically susceptible individuals triggered by ingested gluten. (wikipedia.org)
Environmental enteropathy is a less severe, subclinical condition similar to tropical sprue. (wikipedia.org)
2. Refractory sprue, coeliac disease, and enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. (nih.gov)
Also sometimes known as non-tropical sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, Coeliac disease is a digestive disease that damages the small intestine and interferes with absorption of nutrients from food. (smartnutrition.co.uk)
Search strategy was based on medical subject headings (MeSH) as follow: (celiac OR coeliac OR "gluten sensitive enteropathy" OR sprue) AND (bone mineral density OR densitometry OR metabolic bone disorder OR osteoporosis OR osteopenia) AND adult. (biomedcentral.com)
Celiac disease is also known as celiac sprue disease, gluten enteropathy (which basically means "disease of the small intestine caused by gluten"), gluten-sensitive enteropathy, non-tropical sprue, and endemic sprue. (glutenintoleranceschool.com)
Sprue-like enteropathy is the name of the condition, and it causes chronic, severe intestinal problems, including diarrhea, weight loss and intestinal symptoms similar to celiac disease. (consumersafetywatch.com)
Several studies have shown a link between olmesartan medoxomil and several gastrointestinal problems, such as gastrointestinal problems, Celiac-like symptoms, sprue-like enteropathy, villous atrophy and fetal toxicity, including a study published by Mayo Clinic researchers in 2012. (consumersafetywatch.com)
This disease, also called Celiac Sprue or Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy may occur at any time in life, but begins most often in infancy after gluten containing cereals are introduced into the diet. (wardelab.com)
CD, also known as celiac sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, can be defined as a permanent intolerance to wheat gliadins and other cereal prolamins in the small bowel mucosa in genetically susceptible individuals. (hindawi.com)
It is also known as celiac sprue, nontropical sprue, gluten-induced enteropathy, or gluten-sensitive enteropathy. (aafp.org)
Coeliac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated small bowel enteropathy resulting from dietary gluten exposure. (medscape.com)
Coeliac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune small bowel enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten ingestion in a genetically susceptible host. (medscape.com)
Celiac disease , sometimes called celiac sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is an immune reaction to eating gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley and rye. (arizonahealthnet.com)

People with coeliac disease produce antibodies that, in combination with hormone-like substances called cytokines and the direct effect of immune cells, attack the intestine and flatten the villi, leading to malabsorption and illness. (christinebailey.co.uk)
Because villi allow the small intestine to absorb nutrients from food, people with coeliac disease may easily become malnourished and low in certain vitamins and minerals. (christinebailey.co.uk)
We know that the genetic predisposition markers, HLA- DQ2 or -DQ8 , must almost always be present in people with coeliac disease. (christinebailey.co.uk)
Coeliac UK aims to improve the lives of people living with the condition through support, campaigning and research so that the needs of people with coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis are universally recognised and met. (irritable-bowel-syndrome-cure.org)

The Celiac Sprue Association is a member-based, non-profit support organisation dedicated to helping individuals with coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis and their families worldwide through information, education and research. (irritable-bowel-syndrome-cure.org)
As there is no cure individuals with coeliac disease have to avoid eating gluten for life. (manchester.ac.uk)

15. Persistent small bowel mucosal villous atrophy without symptoms in coeliac disease. (nih.gov)

Other name: Low Gluten/Low Gliadin/Gluten-Restricted/Low Wheat/Coeliac Disease/Non-Tropical Sprue/Dermatitis Herpetiformis). (vietnamairlines.com)
The Celiac Disease Foundation provides support, information and assistance to people affected by coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. (irritable-bowel-syndrome-cure.org)

16. Refractory sprue. (nih.gov)
17. Refractory sprue: recovery after removal of nongluten dietary proteins. (nih.gov)
20. The histologic spectrum and clinical outcome of refractory and unclassified sprue. (nih.gov)
The most important histological differential diagnoses are given, as well as a definition of the different clinical forms of coeliac disease such as symptomatic, silent, latent, potential, treated and refractory coeliac disease. (nih.gov)
An update on coeliac disease from the NHS England national centre for refractory coeliac disease. (nhdmag.co.uk)

The best defined of these are coeliac disease and IgE-dependent wheat allergy, both of which result from malfunctioning of the immune system. (manchester.ac.uk)
As a consequence individuals with wheat allergy, including coeliac disease, can usually eat maize-based foods such as polenta. (manchester.ac.uk)

11. [Endemic sprue in the surroundings of Vienna]. (nih.gov)
Tropical sprue occurs in both epidemic and endemic forms, primarily in Southeast Asia and the Caribbean. (medscape.com)

Seronegative CD requires careful assessment with HLA-DQ2/8 testing and a response to a GFD after excluding other causes of seronegative VA. Coeliac serology, both IgA- and IgG-based, should be negative. (medscape.com)
Of 184 patients with coeliac disease, 39 (21%) were positive for thyroid serology. (wjgnet.com)
Percentage of loss of the T-cell flow cytometric coeliac pattern (increase in TCR?d+) according to coeliac serology (measured by presence or absence of anti-transglutaminase antibodies). (who.int)

In this paper, we review the histological features of coeliac disease and propose a standardized report scheme based on the Marsh classification. (nih.gov)

Our study aimed to determine the incidence of coeliac disease in Sudanese children who presented with clinical features suggestive of the disease by using serological tests as the initial screening tools. (who.int)
A total of 104 consecutive patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis underwent coeliac serological tests (antigliadins, transglutaminase and endomysium antibodies) and HLA-DQ typing. (wjgnet.com)
On the other hand, 184 patients with coeliac disease were subjected to thyroid biochemical (thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine) and thyroid serological tests (thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibodies). (wjgnet.com)

a complete blood count, total serum protein, Our study aimed to determine the inci- serum albumin and stool examination for dence of coeliac disease in Sudanese chil- ova and parasites. (who.int)

In June 2019, the European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease (ESsCD) released updated guidelines for the management of celiac disease (CD) and other gluten-related disorders in adults and children. (medscape.com)

The use of folic acid and vitamin B12 in the treatment of tropical sprue was promoted in the late 1940s by Dr. Tom Spies of the University of Alabama, while conducting his research in Cuba and Puerto Rico. (wikipedia.org)
For example, although tropical sprue is commonly reported in Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic, it is not reported in Jamaica. (medscape.com)

This chapter, entitled "on the coeliac diathesis", was the first description of coeliac disease (from the greek word κ⊝ιλιακη meaning abdominal). (bmj.com)

Diagnostic criteria for coeliac disease and transient gluten intolerance. (nih.gov)
Coeliac disease is a permanent intolerance of the organism towards gluten . (schaer-foodservice.com)
It's important to note that yeast allergy is not the same as coeliac disease (or gluten intolerance). (sensitivitycheckcanada.com)
Gluten intolerance, due to celiac sprue, is an autoimmune disease, as opposed to an allergy. (sensitivitycheckcanada.com)

As a coeliac myself and a specialist in digestive health and autoimmune conditions, I see the damaging effects of gluten in the diet daily in my clinic. (christinebailey.co.uk)
Firstly the effects of coeliac disease are NOT just limited to the digestive tract. (christinebailey.co.uk)

The prognosis for tropical sprue may be excellent after treatment. (wikipedia.org)

Coeliac disease is twice as common as crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and cystic fibrosis combined. (christinebailey.co.uk)

Gluten digestion Sprue is an inherited cell-mediated hypersensitivity involving a tissue-bound immune cell, often delayed, reaction to a food allergen such as wheat, rye, oats, or barley. (nutrihealth.org)

Since Coeliac disease damages this delicate absorption surface, sufferers are very prone to developing nutrient deficiencies. (smartnutrition.co.uk)

The most serious immune reaction to gluten, coeliac disease, affects one in 100 people, most of who don't know they have it. (christinebailey.co.uk)
Coeliac disease affects people differently. (smartnutrition.co.uk)

[ 1 ] The first description of tropical sprue is attributed to William Hillary's 1759 account of his observations of chronic diarrhea while in Barbados. (medscape.com)

In coeliac disease there is normally a genetic component involved. (christinebailey.co.uk)
Coeliac disease is a genetic disease, meaning it runs in families. (smartnutrition.co.uk)
Association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and coeliac disease: Autoimmune disorders with a shared genetic background. (nhdmag.co.uk)

The study population included 80 children aged 15 months to 18 years who presented with 2 or more of the following: chronic diarrhoea, growth retardation, unexplained iron or folate deficiency anaemia or family history of coeliac disease. (who.int)

Tropical sprue is largely limited to within about 30 degrees north and south of the equator. (wikipedia.org)
In his paper, Dr. Haas makes the following observation: 'Of interest in connection with the present paper is the statement that in Porto Rico (sic) the town dwellers who eat much bread suffer from sprue, the farmers who live largely on bananas never. (glutenfreewatchdog.org)

Tropical sprue is primarily an adult disease, but it has been described in children. (medscape.com)

The same as with coeliac disease the only effective therapy is a strict avoidance of the triggering allergen, whereby due to the similarity of the allergens very often not only wheat, but also wild wheat, durum wheat, small spelt, Emmer wheat, Kamut, wild spelt, spelt and green spelt should be eliminated. (schaer-foodservice.com)

Rachitis tarda following treatment for cœliac disease. (nih.gov)

Anatomy4

Organisms1

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes2

Information Science2

Called coeliac disease1

Celiac disease5

Disease42

Irritable bowel sy2

Malabsorption3

Diagnosis4

Intestinal2

Tropical30

Gluten-free1

Oats1

Clinical1

Symptoms1

Patients1

Syndrome1

Include1

Development1

Association2

Enteropathy14

People with coeliac disease4

Individuals with coeliac disease2

Villous atrophy1

Dermatitis Herpetiformis2

Refractory5

Wheat allergy2

Endemic2

Serology3

Histological1

Serological3

Sudanese1

20191

Puerto Rico2

Abdominal1

Intolerance4

Digestive2

Prognosis1

Ulcerative1

Digestion1

Absorption1

Affects2

Barbados1

Genetic3

Chronic1

Largely2

Primarily1

Small1

Treatment1