Filter...

AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsHumanitiesHealth Care

Select a category...

PicrotoxinGABA AntagonistsStrychninegamma-Aminobutyric AcidBicucullineReceptors, GABA-AGABA-A Receptor AntagonistsMuscimolReceptors, GABAConvulsantsAminobutyratesGenetic CodePentobarbitalReceptors, GlycinePentylenetetrazoleGABA AgonistsBaclofenNeural InhibitionEvoked PotentialsNikethamideCodes of EthicsGlycineNeuronsDiazepamCrotonatesAction PotentialsChloridesMamillary BodiesGABA ModulatorsIontophoresisSynaptic TransmissionGABA-B Receptor AntagonistsBarbituratesGABA-A Receptor AgonistsMembrane PotentialsElectric StimulationPregnanedionesReceptors, GABA-BElectrophysiologyBicyclo Compounds, HeterocyclicPyridazinesMeprobamateErgotamineHippocampusPatch-Clamp TechniquesNipecotic AcidsDose-Response Relationship, DrugAutonomic Fibers, PostganglionicSynapsesCatsCysteine Loop Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptors2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerateChloride ChannelsTaurinePregnanoloneSeizuresNephropidaeRetinaTubocurarineIvermectinFlurazepamAmbystomaExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsHypothalamus, PosteriorRana ridibundaBenzodiazepinesGlutamatesQuinoxalinesMicroinjectionsSemicarbazidesBass4-ButyrolactoneReceptors, NeurotransmitterRats, Sprague-Dawley6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dioneMephenesin

DNQXReductionPresenceActivityConvulsantStrychnineGABABindsBicucullineSynapsesBlockerMechanismCompoundsFoundActivity code

DNQX1

• Using EPSC-like current injections (10-100 pA, 10 ms rise time constant, 5 s decay time constant) in the presence of various synaptic blockers(picrotoxin,CGP55845,APV, DNQX,E4CPG,and MSPG),we demonstrated that this differences attributable to distinct intrinsic properties of the two neuronal populations. (iucc.ac.il)

Reduction1

• The result of the study showed the reversal of the novelty-induced rearing and locomotion with picrotoxin while the reduction in novelty-induced behaviour (rearing and locomotion) was potentiated by both cyproheptadine and yohimbine. (archive.org)

Presence1

• This means that, even in the presence of low concentrations of picrotoxin, the response of neurons to GABA is reduced. (wikipedia.org)

Activity1

• February 23, 2011 - The Expiration Date for this announcement has been changed to May 8, 2011 per NOT-OD-11-048 , which redefines the U01 activity code and announces the transition of U01 applications to electronic submission through Grants.gov using the SF424 (R&R) forms for due dates on or after May 25, 2011. (nih.gov)

Convulsant3

• Due to its interactions with the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, picrotoxin acts as a stimulant and convulsant. (wikipedia.org)
• Picrotoxin also acts as a convulsant. (wikipedia.org)
• By screening the affinity of RDX for a number of neurotransmitter receptors, we found that RDX binds exclusively to the picrotoxin convulsant site of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA A ) ionophore. (nih.gov)

Strychnine3

• 1. The isolated frog spinal cord was used to study the effects of picrotoxin, bicuculline, and strychnine on the responses of primary afferents to amino acids. (bocsci.com)
• Some potential compounds were also tested in the subcutaneous strychnine (scSTY) and subcutaneous picrotoxin (scPIC) seizure threshold tests. (zju.edu.cn)
• Results: Some compounds possessed broad spectrum anticonvulsant activity as indicated by their effect in pentylenetetrazole, strychnine, picrotoxin and maximal electroshock seizures models in resemblance to other aryl semicarbazone derivatives reported earlier. (zju.edu.cn)

GABA6

• A 2006 study found that, while not structurally similar to GABA, picrotoxin prevents ion flow through the chloride channels activated by GABA. (wikipedia.org)
• A study by Newland and Cull-Candy found that, in high enough concentrations, picrotoxin reduced the amplitude of GABA currents. (wikipedia.org)
• This means that, even in the presence of low concentrations of picrotoxin, the response of neurons to GABA is reduced. (wikipedia.org)
• Intracellular recordings were made from basolateral amygdala neurons in the presence of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX, 10 μM) and picrotoxin (50 μM) which block non-NMDA and GABA a receptors, respectively. (ncku.edu.tw)
• The GABA-augmented HBV replication in HBV-carrier mice was significantly reduced by the GABAAR inhibitor picrotoxin although picrotoxin had no significant effect on serum HBsAg levels in control HBV-carrier mice. (bvsalud.org)
• Combining GABA with picrotoxin also captured an apparent uncoupled intermediate state. (biophysics.se)

Binds1

• Rather, they found that picrotoxin "binds preferentially to an agonist bound form of the receptor. (wikipedia.org)

Bicuculline2

• 3. Picrotoxin and bicuculline antagonized the primary afferent depolarizations of a number of amino acids tested with equal specificity. (bocsci.com)
• An apparent resting state, determined first in the absence of modulators, was recapitulated with the specific inhibitor (1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid and blocker picrotoxin and provided a rationale for bicuculline insensitivity. (biophysics.se)

Synapses1

• Two different but related theories have been proposed for the mechanism by which picrotoxin acts on synapses. (wikipedia.org)

Blocker1

• Their data indicated that it was unlikely that picrotoxin acted simply as a voltage-gated channel blocker, although it did reduce the frequency of channel openings. (wikipedia.org)

Mechanism1

• Our study reveals that molecular, structural and functional diversity across GC terminals provides a mechanism to expand the coding range of MLIs. (elifesciences.org)

Compounds1

• A mixture of two different compounds, picrotoxin occurs naturally in the fruit of the Anamirta cocculus plant, although it can also be synthesized chemically. (wikipedia.org)

Found1

• Under kinetically controlled conditions, this process generally results in exo cyclization and forms bridged ring systems like those found in picrotoxin. (wikipedia.org)

Activity code2

• This NOFO will utilize the R01 activity code. (nih.gov)
• February 23, 2011 - The Expiration Date for this announcement has been changed to May 8, 2011 per NOT-OD-11-048 , which redefines the U01 activity code and announces the transition of U01 applications to electronic submission through Grants.gov using the SF424 (R&R) forms for due dates on or after May 25, 2011. (nih.gov)