Co transporter proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Zinc transporter proteins (Zrt), or simply zinc transporters, are membrane transport proteins of the solute carrier family which control the membrane transport of zinc and regulate its intracellular and cytoplasmic concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
At least one zinc transporter, ZIP9, is also a G protein-coupled receptor and membrane androgen receptor. (wikipedia.org)
However, scientists have been able to speculate that the transport of Zn2+ is related to pH gradient and the electrostatics of the protein membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of SERT occurs on the plasma membrane during the initial phase of rapid transporter inhibition, and later, the phosphorylated SERT enters the intracellular pool. (aspetjournals.org)
However, the majority of studies that report absolute abundances of enzymes and transporter proteins do so in enriched membrane fractions, to increase the abundance per sample and thus the assay's sensitivity, rather than measuring the expected lower abundance in the more biologically meaningful whole cells or tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
This communication discusses the balance between protein enrichment and potential loss during the preparation of membrane fractions from whole cells or tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
Moreover, a significant loss of Mrp2 protein in the membrane fraction of rat cryopreserved hepatocytes was observed. (aspetjournals.org)
Here we describe cloning of this co-transporter by a method new to membrane proteins. (nature.com)
Adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP) is responsible for the transport of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and corresponding CoA-esters across the peroxisomal membrane. (elifesciences.org)
The adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP) or ABCD1 is an ABC transporter that participates in the transport of free very long-chain fatty acids and their CoA esters across the peroxisomal membrane. (elifesciences.org)
Erratum: An Arabidopsis peptide transporter is a member of a new class of membrane transport proteins. (missouri.edu)
Among these, the multidrug resistance-associated protein AtMRP5/AtABCC5 regulates stomatal aperture and controls plasma membrane anion channels of guard cells. (uea.ac.uk)
As a test-case, the membrane protein FepA is investigated in its full environment, yielding a more precise description of the protein surface. (nature.com)
Membrane proteins, such as those operating transport through the membrane in a controlled way, are prone to show interesting topological properties related to their function. (nature.com)
Our study uses classical algorithms such as space partitions and Dijkstra paths search 9 , applied in an original and novel way by taking into account the full representation of a membrane protein including the solvent and the lipid bilayer (Fig. 1 ). (nature.com)
The FepA membrane protein is surrounded by a lipid bilayer separating the extracellular medium and the periplasm. (nature.com)
Marie Skepö (PI), has in collaboration with Lise Arleth and Kresten Lindorff-Larsen at University of Copenhagen, and Jens Preben Morth at University of Oslo, been awarded 6.8 MNOK for studying the structure of membrane proteins under solution conditions. (lu.se)
The aim is to understand how the lipid environment influences the activity of membrane proteins, using the active transporter MgtA as benchmark system, and to investigate the dynamic fluctuations between lipid and protein in solution, utilising neutron and X-ray scattering in combination with computer simulations. (lu.se)
Development of human membrane transporters: Drug disposition and pharmacogenetics. (msdmanuals.com)

The serotonin transporter (SERT) regulates 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) (5-HT) neurotransmission and is a high-affinity target for antidepressants and psychostimulants. (aspetjournals.org)
NEW recombinant human ( Ab02547-10.0 and Ab02547-10.3 ) and rabbit ( Ab02547-23.0 ) serotonin transporter (ST51-1) antibody! (mabtechnologies.com)
Characterisation of the endogenous human peripheral serotonin transporter SLC6A4 reveals surface expression without N-glycosylation. (mabtechnologies.com)
Female Fischer 344 (F344) rats have been shown to display increased serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene expression in the dorsal raphe, compared to female Lewis (LEW) rats. (edu.au)
The pharmacological correction of folding defects was originally explored in mutants of the serotonin transporter (SERT, SLC6A4), which were created to study the COPII-dependent export from the endoplasmic reticulum. (springer.com)
Anderluh A, Hofmaier T, Klotzsch E, Kudlacek O, Stockner T, Sitte HH, Schütz GJ (2017) Direct PIP2 binding mediates stable oligomer formation of the serotonin transporter. (springer.com)
Bhat S, Hasenhuetl PS, Kasture A, El-Kasaby A, Baumann MH, Blough BE, Sucic S, Sandtner W, Freissmuth M (2017) Conformational state interactions pro-vide clues to the pharmacochaperone potential of serotonin transporter partial sub-strates. (springer.com)

Reduced Dopamine Transporter Expression in the Amygdala of Subjects Diagnosed With Schizophrenia. (mabtechnologies.com)
Asjad HMM, Kasture A, El-Kasaby A, Sackel M, Hummel T, Freissmuth M, Sucic S (2017) Pharmacochaperoning in a Drosophila model system rescues human dopamine transporter variants associated with infantile/juvenile parkinsonism. (springer.com)
Beerepoot P, Lam VM, Salahpour A (2016) Pharmacological chaperones of the dopamine transporter rescue dopamine transporter deficiency syndrome mutations in heterologous cells. (springer.com)
The dopamine transporter, the molecule responsible for presynaptic reuptake of dopamine and a major site of action of psychostimulant drugs, including cocaine, is encoded by locus SLC6A3 (alias DAT1). (johnshopkins.edu)
These results do not exclude a role for the dopamine transporter in influencing risk for TS in combination with other loci. (johnshopkins.edu)

We previously reported that hepatobiliary transporter multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP2/Mrp2) is considered to be the major cause of the interspecies differences detected by efflux of fluorescent substrates in isolated hepatocytes. (aspetjournals.org)

The 2 major transporters are adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC, also referred to as P-glycoprotein) and the solute carrier (SLC) transporters. (msdmanuals.com)

Abcam: antibodies, proteins, kits. (abcam.com)

The STAS domain is found in the C-terminal region of sulphate transporters and bacterial anti-sigma factor antagonists. (nih.gov)
They have studied specific protein molecules called ABC transporters, present in bacterial cell membranes and have shown that these transporters are selective about the type of carbohydrates they transport into cells. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
We have sequenced the cloned DNA and have found no homology between the Na + /glucose co-transporter and either the mammalian facilitated glucose carrier or the bacterial sugar transport proteins. (nature.com)

The SulP family is a large and diverse family of anion transporters, with members from eubacteria, plants, fungi, and mammals. (nih.gov)
A sub-family of sequence-related ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTERS. (bvsalud.org)

Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and is removed from the synaptic cleft by sodium-dependent glutamate transporters. (johnshopkins.edu)
SLC1A1 encodes a member of the high-affinity glutamate transporters that play an essential role in transporting glutamate across plasma membranes. (abbkine.com)

The ABCA4 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is found in the retina, the specialized light-sensitive tissue that lines the back of the eye. (medlineplus.gov)
Most of the ABCA4 gene variants that cause cone-rod dystrophy change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the ABCA4 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Numerous factors shape the evolution of protein-coding genes, including shifts in the strength or type of selection following gene duplications or changes in the environment. (lu.se)
This transporter also transports aspartate, and mutations in this gene are thought to cause dicarboxylicamino aciduria, also known as glutamate-aspartate transport defect. (abbkine.com)
To track down the cause, he and his colleagues decoded the genome of five affected individuals and found that the gene for the protein HMGB1 was altered in all patients. (mpg.de)
Protein and gene expression of M3 was decreased 3 and 7 days post-BPNI, whereas M2 was unchanged. (lu.se)
A very natural place to study gene detecting and metabolizing lactose, it is known that the overall regulation is in the metabolism of the cell, and then specifically in effect of expressing the lac genes in vain is a drop in the growth rate the regulation of genes that code for enzymes and transporter of as much as 5% [1,6]. (lu.se)

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In post-mortem samples from 11 subjects, intestinal transporter distribution profiles were determined via Western Blot. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)

CheKine™ microquantitative test kits and recombinant proteins help you explore cells with ease! (abbkine.com)

Molday RS, Zhong M, Quazi F. The role of the photoreceptor ABC transporter ABCA4 in lipid transport and Stargardt macular degeneration. (medlineplus.gov)
Compared to other lipid ATP-binding cassette transporters, ALDP has two substrate binding cavities formed by the transmembrane domains. (elifesciences.org)

In addition, structural data confirms the paradoxical behavior of glucose, where it replaces the high-affinity ligand(s) (disaccharide α-glycosides) from the active site of the protein. (rcsb.org)
The researchers are publishing their results in the current edition of the international journal Journal of Molecular Biology ( 'Arranged Sevenfold: Structural Insights into the C-Terminal Oligomerization Domain of Human C4b-Binding Protein' ). (nanowerk.com)
The proteins are exposed to enormous shear forces in the blood stream", explains Dr. Andrea Scrima, head of the junior research group "Structural Biology of Autophagy" at HZI. (nanowerk.com)
Functional and structural characterization of human adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP). (elifesciences.org)
Our goal is to use high-resolution structural modeling techniques guided by constraints taken from lower resolution experimental data to generate structural models of important biological protein assemblies for which high resolution structural determination is unfeasible. (lu.se)

1994) Expression cloning and characterization of a novel adipocyte long chain fatty acid transport protein. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Here we report the identification and characterization of two proteins, GTRAP41 and GTRAP48 (for glutamate transporter EAAT4 associated protein) that specifically interact with the intracellular carboxy-terminal domain of EAAT4 and modulate its glutamate transport activity. (johnshopkins.edu)

and (2) the zinc importer, Zrt- and Irt-like protein (ZIP), or solute carrier 39A (SLC39A) family, which controls the influx of zinc into the cytoplasm from outside the cell and from vesicles. (wikipedia.org)

Xenobiotics and their metabolites are generally eliminated and detoxified by phase I and phase II enzymatic metabolism, by phase III transporter-mediated drug efflux to bile, or by both mechanisms. (aspetjournals.org)

Based on the structure, we performed integrative analysis of the cellular trafficking, protein thermostability, ATP hydrolysis, and the transport activity of representative mutations. (elifesciences.org)
The structure and functional studies of disease-causing mutations are solid and will appeal to the transporter and medical genetics communities. (elifesciences.org)

The substrate specificity of ABC transporters is determined by its associated substrate-binding proteins (SBPs). (nih.gov)
Multiple SBPs might broaden the substrate specificity by increasing the transporter capacity. (nih.gov)

Recently, there has been a drive to improve PBPK models by characterizing the absolute abundance of enzymes, transporters and receptors within mammalian tissues and in vitro experimental systems using quantitative targeted absolute proteomics (QTAP). (aspetjournals.org)
The absolute abundance of proteins relevant to processes governing drug disposition provided by QTAP will enable IVIVE-PBPK to incorporate terms for the abundance of enzymes and transporters in target populations. (aspetjournals.org)

2. Matsufuji T, Ikeda M, Naito A, Hirouchi M, Kanda S, Izumi M, Harada J, Shinozuka T. (2013) Arylpiperazines as fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) inhibitors with improved potency and pharmacokinetic properties. (guidetopharmacology.org)
By heterologous expression in yeast, we demonstrate that AtMRP5 encodes a specific and high affinity ATP-dependent inositol hexakisphosphate transporter that is sensitive to inhibitors of ABC transporters. (uea.ac.uk)

LM aerosols also specifically decreased the mRNA expression of the olfactory marker protein (Omp) and tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) in the olfactory bulb. (cdc.gov)
Bladder sections were stained with Masson's trichrome for SM content and immunofluorescence staining for nerve terminals expressing vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). (lu.se)

Given the tight relation between protein structure and function, we present a set of methods to analyze protein topology, implemented in the VLDP program, relying on Laguerre space partitions built from series of molecular dynamics snapshots. (nature.com)
Topology is a prominent aspect of both morphology and functioning of proteins. (nature.com)

This suggests that the mammalian Na + -driven transporter has no evolutionary relationship to the other sugar transporters. (nature.com)

This Human Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (SLC1A1) ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate SLC1A1 in samples. (abbkine.com)
Human Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (SLC1A1) ELISA Kit has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human SLC1A1. (abbkine.com)

Herein, we explored, by means of synaptosomal preparations and in vivo microdialysis, whether central, but also peripheral, 5-HTT protein expression/function differ between strains. (edu.au)
Moreover, in homebred rats, it was found that these strain differences extended to blood platelet 5-HTT protein expression and function. (edu.au)
Carnosine supplementation enhanced the bioavailability of carnosine in the ischemic limb, which was accompanied by increased expression of proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters. (frontiersin.org)
Pretreatment of murine myoblast (C2C12) cells with octyl-D-carnosine or carnosine enhanced HIF-1α protein expression, VEGF mRNA levels and VEGF release under hypoxic conditions. (frontiersin.org)
Western blots measured M2 and M3 protein expression. (lu.se)
Expression of genes encoding Mg2+ channels and transporters such as transient receptor potential melastatin 6 (Trpm6), transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (Trpm7), cyclin and CBS domain divalent metal cation transport mediator 2 (Cnnm2), and Slc41a3 were unchanged based on genotype. (bvsalud.org)

non-synonymous changes in the coding sequence give rise to mutated transporters, which are misfolded and thus cause diseases in the affected individuals. (springer.com)
Such proteins contain sequence features that function as address labels, telling the protein which condensate to move into. (mpg.de)
We are also interested in understanding how oligomerization specificity is encoded in protein sequence and structure, in particular in coiled-coils. (lu.se)

Unlike some other zinc transporter proteins, the mechanism of how Zn2+ is transported via ZntB is not well understood. (wikipedia.org)
ZIP8, a Zrt-/Irt-related protein encoded by Slc39A8, was originally discovered as a zinc transporter, but since then its roles as a transporter for cadmium (Cd) and manganese (Mn) have also been well characterized. (nih.gov)

They contain 10 to 14 transmembrane helices which form the catalytic core of the protein and a C-terminal extension, the STAS (Sulphate Transporter and AntiSigma factor antagonist) domain which plays a role in the function and regulation of the transport activity. (nih.gov)
This leads the scientists to unconventional ideas - the protein is possibly suitable as a scaffold for the transport of active pharmaceutical substances, particularly biomolecules. (nanowerk.com)
Some of the transport proteins have been identified-for example, intestinal brush border Na + /glucose and Na + /proline transporters 1,2 and the brain Na + /Cl - /GABA transporter 3 -and progress has been made in locating their active sites and probing their conformational states 1,2,4-7 . (nature.com)
Transport by ABC proteins requires a cycle of ATP-driven conformational changes of the nucleotide binding domains (NBDs). (ox.ac.uk)
Proteins involved in the transport of organic anions. (bvsalud.org)
ITC recommendations for transporter kinetic parameter estimation and translational modeling of transport-mediated PK and DDIs in humans. (msdmanuals.com)
This macromolecular assembly comprises more than 20 conserved proteins that form a series of ring-like structures and a needle-shaped protrusion, which allows the transport of proteins into a host cell. (lu.se)

Ben-Yona A, Kanner BI (2013) Functional defects in the external and internal thin gates of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter GAT-1 can compensate each other. (springer.com)

The cross-reactions of MRP2/Mrp2 protein of different species with anti-human MRP2 polyclonal antibody were found by Western blotting. (aspetjournals.org)
However, because of the unknown binding affinity of antibody to MRP2/Mrp2 protein across species and lack of purified MRP2/Mrp2 proteins for calibration, the immunoblotting assay was excluded from the absolute quantification of MRP2/Mrp2 protein for multiple species. (aspetjournals.org)
antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens are decreased and antibody responses to protein antigens are slightly reduced. (medscape.com)

The archetypical Na + -driven transporter is the intestinal brush border Na + /glucose co-transporter (see ref. 8), and a defect in the co-transporter is the origin of the congenital glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome 9 . (nature.com)
BACKGROUND: Protein distribution profiles along the human intestinal tract of transporters involved in the absorption of cholesterol and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) have been scarcely evaluated. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)

Together, these data reveal that in platelets, SERT function is regulated by PKC in a biphasic manner involving both trafficking-dependent and independent mechanisms and that these two events occur at distinct phases of transporter phosphorylation. (aspetjournals.org)

This protein has the task of organizing the genetic material in the cell nucleus and facilitates the interaction of other molecules with the DNA, for example to read genes. (mpg.de)

Arabidopsis possesses a superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. (uea.ac.uk)

Treatment of rat platelets with β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 5 min or less resulted in a rapid inhibition of SERT involving changes in intrinsic activity of the transporter (increased K m and decreased V max ). (aspetjournals.org)

However, if ADP is present at one binding site then both NBD-NBD and protein-ATP interactions are enhanced at the opposite site. (ox.ac.uk)

The ABCA4 protein transports potentially toxic substances that can damage photoreceptors. (medlineplus.gov)
The ABCA4 protein removes one of these substances, called N-retinylidene-PE, from photoreceptors. (medlineplus.gov)

Whereas in E. coli only one protein, DppA, determines the specificity of the transporter, five orthologous SBPs, DppA1-A5 are present in P. aeruginosa. (nih.gov)

In this study, we show that the dppBCDF operon of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 encodes an ABC transporter responsible for the utilization of di/tripeptides. (nih.gov)

The so-called complement system is a part of the innate immune defence within the human body: more than sixty different proteins form one of the first countermeasures against invading pathogens. (nanowerk.com)

Directly binding to a specific protein and delivering it to a specific cellular location. (yeastgenome.org)

Guwahati: Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati researchers have shown how some specialised protein molecules found on the cell membranes of all biological cells carry carbohydrate molecules into cells from outside. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
These special form of proteins present in the cell membranes of almost all living cells, capture the carbohydrates from outside the cell and deliver them into the cells. (indiaeducationdiary.in)

Most of these variants change amino acids in the ABCA4 protein. (medlineplus.gov)

The specific ABC transporters we studied had increased affinity to the alpha-glycosidic bonds", says the lead researcher. (indiaeducationdiary.in)
The team also found an interesting phenomenon - the transporters had a higher affinity for simple glucose than complex carbohydrates, which meant that any glucose in the extracellular space would be preferentially taken into the cells over higher carbohydrates. (indiaeducationdiary.in)

Diatoms and other silicifying organisms use a family of silicon transporters(SITs) to import dissolved silicon from the environment. (lu.se)
Around 30% of all proteins in eukaryotic organisms have recently been shown to belong to intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) involved in many central biological processes and diseases. (lu.se)

Usually, human proteins remain stable up to about 40°C. Higher temperatures are of course not found in the body, but the stability of C4BP has a completely different purpose: "As is the case with all components of the complement system, the C4b binding protein is present in blood plasma. (nanowerk.com)

While ABC transporters have been known for a long time, it remains unknown if these carbohydrate-ferries have preference for specific carbohydrates over others. (indiaeducationdiary.in)

How precisely such protein substance carries out its function or how it interacts with other molecules - this can only be predicted by scientists once they have identified the spatial structure of the molecule. (nanowerk.com)
daaC , accessory protein with a function in F1845 fimbriae production. (cdc.gov)
To reveal static and dynamic properties of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action and the static as well as dynamic structure-function relationship. (lu.se)

Even though species differences in Mrp2-mediated biliary efflux have previously been reported, agreement on the degree of difference remains to be determined, because the absolute differences of transporters in these models remain unknown. (aspetjournals.org)
Differences in transporter protein levels were statistically tested using ANOVA and Tukey's Post Hoc comparisons. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)

Dr Nobutaka Hirokawa and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan decided to test whether boosting levels of KF17, which transports another brain-boosting protein called NR28 through cells, had any effect on the learning and memory skills of mice. (worldhealth.net)

Understanding the mechanism of carbohydrate transfer by the ABC transporters would enable better understanding of the causes and effects of many of these disorders. (indiaeducationdiary.in)

Many biological processes are controlled by large multi-component protein assemblies, the size and complexity of which typically precludes the determination of their high-resolution structures. (lu.se)
In particular, we are interested in a subclass of protein assemblies, homomeric assemblies, which are produced by the repetition of single type of subunit. (lu.se)

Anatomy22

Organisms11

Chemicals and Drugs156

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Membrane19

Serotonin transporter7

Dopamine transporter5

Multidrug Resista1

Adenosine Triphosphate1

Antibodies1

Bacterial3

Anion transporters2

Glutamate transporters2

Gene7

Western Blot1

Recombinant Proteins1

Lipid2

Structural5

Characterization2

Solute carrier1

Metabolism1

Mutations2

Substrate2

Enzymes2

Inhibitors2

Tyrosine hydroxylase2

Topology2

Mammalian1

Excitatory2

Expression6

Sequence3

Zinc2

Transport7

GABA1

Antibody3

Intestinal2

Phosphorylation1

Genes1

Superfamily1

SERT1

Interactions1

Substances2

Specificity1

Encodes1

Pathogens1

Cellular1

Membranes2

Amino1

Affinity2

Organisms2

Plasma1

Carbohydrates1

Function3

Differences2

Transports1

Mechanism1

Assemblies2