SchizophreniaAntipsychoticsAntipsychoticPsychosisAtypicalNeuralPatientsCognitiveOutcomeExtrapyramidalSymptomsTherapeuticBipolarTreatmentImproveCliniciansSocialGeneticFoundStudyIncreaseRisperidoneQuetiapineMemory and CognitionImpairmentsBehaviorAnticholinergicSymptomsHippocampalPsychosocialBipolar disorderDisturbanceFluctuationsBehaviourDeliriumDecreaseMedicationPerspectiveEffectiveProcessesAcuteSignificantSafeRelationshipDailyBrain
Schizophrenia18
- During his research career, Meltzer discovered the effectiveness of clozapine in treating suicide attempts in patients with schizophrenia, which led to FDA approval of clozapine for treating suicide. (wikipedia.org)
- Although reducing psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia has been a major focus of therapeutic interventions for decades, improving cognition is considered a better predictor of functional outcomes. (benthamscience.com)
- However, the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs (APDs) show only marginal beneficial effects on cognition in patients with schizophrenia. (benthamscience.com)
- In this context, results from initial clinical trials with neurotrophic factors and their future potential to improve cognition and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia are discussed. (benthamscience.com)
- D-cycloserine added to clozapine for patients with schizophrenia. (harvard.edu)
- The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of memantine as an adjunctive treatment to clozapine in patients with refractory schizophrenia. (psychiatrist.com)
- Method: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, outpatients with refractory schizophrenia according to DSM-IV clinical criteria were randomly assigned, from March 2005 to February 2008, to receive either 20 mg/d memantine (n' ‰=' ‰10) or placebo (n' ‰=' ‰11), in addition to clozapine, for 12 weeks. (psychiatrist.com)
- Conclusions: Memantine add-on to clozapine therapy was associated with improvement in negative and positive symptoms in refractory schizophrenia patients. (psychiatrist.com)
- The output was validated using polygenic risk score (PRS) profiling of 2 independent schizophrenia cohorts with TRS and non-TRS: a prevalence sample with 817 individuals (Cardiff Cognition in Schizophrenia [CardiffCOGS]) and an incidence sample with 563 individuals (Genetics Workstream of the Schizophrenia Treatment Resistance and Therapeutic Advances [STRATA-G]). Main outcomes and measures: GWAS of treatment resistance in schizophrenia. (unibo.it)
- Treatment resistance in schizophrenia emerged as a polygenic trait with detectable heritability (1% to 4%), and several traits related to intelligence and cognition were found to be genetically correlated with it (genetic correlation, 0.41-0.69). (unibo.it)
- However, suicide prevention and treatment in those with schizophrenia is complex, and many other factors such as possible earlier use of clozapine, optimizing adherence to medication, and other psychosocial aspects should be addressed. (eurekaselect.com)
- What is the evidence for cognition in bipolar disorder compared to schizophrenia? (edu.au)
- A medium-sized effect was found of better social cognition in people with bipolar disorder on Theory of Mind and negative facial emotion recognition tasks, particularly in male patients, but no differences between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia on positive (happy) facial emotion recognition tasks. (edu.au)
- Metabolic syndrome has been detected in half of the schizophrenia patients who received clozapine and one-third of those taking olanzapine ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Polygenic Risk of Schizophrenia and Cognition in a Population-Based Survey of Older Adults. (suny.edu)
- Associations Between Polygenic Risk Score Loading, Psychosis Liability, and Clozapine Use Among Individuals With Schizophrenia. (suny.edu)
- Clozapine Response in Schizophrenia and Hematological Changes. (ox.ac.uk)
- Clozapine vs the Rest for Treatment-Refractory Schizophrenia Dr Peter Yellowlees talks about clozapine vs first- and second-generation antipsychotics in treatment-refractory schizophrenia. (medscape.com)
Antipsychotics2
- The atypical antipsychotics clozapine (Clozaril) and quetiapine (Seroquel) may be better tolerated, but they have less evidence of effect. (aafp.org)
- 5. Patients maintained on current antipsychotic treatment (minimum 1 and maximum 2 antipsychotics, but clozapine is not allowed) for at least 12 weeks and on current dose for at least 35 days prior to randomization. (who.int)
Antipsychotic4
- It was demonstrated that the ketamine-induced gamma hyperactivity is prevented by the antipsychotic clozapine. (assonba.com)
- Although patients with dementia with Lewy bodies may experience higher rates of adverse effects such as falls, those who tolerate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors show improved cognition, improved activities of daily living, and reduced behavioral disturbance, some of the very goals of antipsychotic use. (aafp.org)
- A small effect was found of better overall cognition in people with bipolar disorder compared to people with schizoaffective disorder (particularly depressive type), which remained across different cognitive domains, bipolar disorder type (I or I and II mixed) , age, sex, duration of illness, antipsychotic use or no use, and symptom severity. (edu.au)
- It is worth mentioning that antipsychotic treatments may cause obesity, olanzapine along with clozapine have the highest tendency for weight increase ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Psychosis1
- In mid-June, the Parkinson and Movement Disorder (PMD) Alliance offered a webinar on cognition and psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD), featuring geriatric psychiatrist Daniel Weintraub. (stanford.edu)
Atypical1
- When cholinesterase inhibitors are ineffective, most experts recommend atypical neuroleptics such as clozapine, quetiapine, or aripiprazole. (medscape.com)
Neural3
- Glycine activates many receptors in the brain which promote neural development, learning, and cognition. (bayho.com)
- Clozapine inhibited neural survival through the PGRMC1/EGFR/GLP1R-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, leading to a decrease in the downstream survival factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and simultaneously promoted neural apoptosis in the rat hippocampus. (bvsalud.org)
- Decoding cognition from spontaneous neural activity. (ox.ac.uk)
Patients7
- Gamma oscillations are naturally involved in cognition, which is also disrupted in at-risk patients. (assonba.com)
- To examine the role of different clinical variables and cognition on functional outcome in patients with bipolar disorder. (easap.asia)
- BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) are commonly associated with clozapine treatment but are frequently overlooked by clinicians despite their potential impact on patients' quality of life. (ox.ac.uk)
- METHODS: We used anonymised electronic healthcare records from a large cohort of patients who were treated with clozapine and assessed annually for OCS, wellbeing, general functioning, and psychopathology using standardised scales as part of routine clinical practice. (ox.ac.uk)
- Different linear mixed models demonstrated that OCS in patients treated with clozapine were associated with significantly worse wellbeing scores, independently of depression and psychotic symptoms, but OCS did not impair general functioning. (ox.ac.uk)
- CONCLUSIONS: Given the frequent occurrence of OCS and their negative impact on wellbeing, we encourage clinicians to routinely assess and treat OCS in patients who are taking clozapine. (ox.ac.uk)
- Clozapine treated patients demonstrated significantly longer CSP durations of large effect (i.e. (biomedcentral.com)
Cognitive7
- In our study, we aimed to figure out the essential role of PGRMC1 signaling pathway underlying clozapine-induced cognitive impairment. (bvsalud.org)
- Treatments of clozapine and AG205 were conducted for 28 days, and subsequent behavioral tests including modified elevated plus maze and Morris water maze were conducted to evaluate the cognitive performance. (bvsalud.org)
- RESULTS: Our study showed that long-term clozapine administration led to cognitive impairment as confirmed by behavioral tests as well as histopathological examination in the hippocampus. (bvsalud.org)
- Intriguingly, by targeting at the hippocampal PGRMC1, we found that inhibiting PGRMC1 mimics, while its upregulation notably mitigates clozapine-induced cognitive impairment through PGRMC1 and its downstream signaling pathways. (bvsalud.org)
- CONCLUSION: PGRMC1-overexpression could protect hippocampus-dependent cognitive impairment induced by clozapine. (bvsalud.org)
- Reversal effect of Clozapine on cognitive deficit induced by MK-801 in the mouse. (neurofit.com)
- Preserving Cognition on a Computer Dr Peter Yellowlees explores the evidence on using computerized cognitive training to preserve brain function. (medscape.com)
Outcome1
- Results: We identified 5 randomised and controlled trials of CBT that included suicide-related cognitions or behaviours as a primary outcome measure. (eurekaselect.com)
Extrapyramidal2
- Secondary outcomes were global severity of disease as measured by the Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI), cognition as assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and extrapyramidal symptoms as assessed by the Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS). (psychiatrist.com)
- particularly some related to cognition and extrapyramidal movement disorders (eg, dystonia, tremor, tardive dyskinesia). (msdmanuals.com)
Symptoms2
- Clozapine-related obsessive-compulsive symptoms and their impact on wellbeing: a naturalistic longitudinal study. (ox.ac.uk)
- Furthermore, the ability to consent, to report the presence of adverse effects, and to generally communicate about treatment with providers is complicated by cognition and memory symptoms related to disabilities. (madinamerica.com)
Therapeutic1
- Clozapine also increased 3 H]-CGP54626A binding at GABA B R1 subunit when HEK293 cells overexpressed GABA B receptors, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for clozapine. (biomedcentral.com)
Bipolar1
Treatment2
- Some clinicians favor pentoxifylline, alleged to improve cognition after stroke by increasing cerebral blood flow (230-232), but this treatment has limited support. (lacounty.gov)
- These findings suggest that clozapine potentiates the GABA B receptor and also underscores the possibility that the GABA B receptor may play a key role in the treatment of SCZ. (biomedcentral.com)
Improve2
- He also discovered that clozapine can improve cognition. (wikipedia.org)
- Medications can be used to treat agitation and hallucinations, as well as depression, and to improve cognition and/or alertness. (medscape.com)
Clinicians1
- Given the current evidence, clinicians should be familiar with CBT techniques focusing on suicidal cognitions. (eurekaselect.com)
Social1
- Prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region critical for high-level executive functions, plays an essential role in mediating social cognition ( Amodio and Frith, 2006 ). (jneurosci.org)
Genetic1
- Previous family and twins studies demonstrated that genetic aspects explained the variability in cognition including 50% in memory, 70% in verbal reasoning, and 79% in abstract reasoning [ 11 - 13 ]. (aging-us.com)
Found1
- CBT focusing on suicidal cognitions and behaviours was found to be effective in reducing suicidal ideation. (eurekaselect.com)
Study1
- Others now favor clozapine, but it has received limited study (157). (lacounty.gov)
Increase1
- There was a significant correlation between the clozapine dose and the increase of 3 H]-CGP54626A binding in linear regression analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
Risperidone6
- The researchers compared the risk for mental health events and physical health events associated with starting the second-generation antipsychotic (SGAs) clozapine, olanzapine ( Zyprexa , Eli Lilly and Company), risperidone ( Risperidal , Johnson & Johnson), or quetipine with events associated with FGAs, which they pooled in a single category. (medscape.com)
- and 63% received a single SGA: olanzapine (median daily dose, 10 mg), risperidone (median daily dose, 2 mg), quetiapine (median daily dose, 100 mg), and clozapine (median daily dose, 400 mg). (medscape.com)
- Clozapine, quetiapine, olanzapine, and risperidone were all associated with a lower risk of stopping or switching medication in comparison with FGAs. (medscape.com)
- Clozapine and olanzapine performed slightly better than FGAs, while risperidone and FGAs did not seem to differ significantly from each other regarding the risk of mental and physical health events," the investigators write. (medscape.com)
- By participating, you can help the medical community understand how Clozapine and Risperidone exert their therapeutic benefits. (teamdanielrunningforrecovery.org)
- CYP3A4 metabolizes several standard of care antipsychotics (e.g., aripiprazole, lurasidone, risperidone, quetiapine, cariprazine, brexpiprazole, lumetaperone, and clozapine) which often leads to significant plasma drug concentration changes when co-administered with another drug metabolized by CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers due to drug-drug interactions and changes efficacy and side effect profiles. (tmcnet.com)
Quetiapine3
- The analysis showed that clozapine (multiple brands) was associated with better outcomes, as has been shown before, and that quetiapine ( Seroquel , AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP) was associated with poorer outcomes compared with first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs). (medscape.com)
- Despite these caveats, they say the findings in this real-world analysis of antipsychotics are in line with some other research suggesting that clozapine is the most effective and that quetiapine is the least. (medscape.com)
- The antidepressants vilazodone (Vibryd) and vortioxetine (Trintellix) also share this mechanism, as do many atypical antipsychotics which are partial agonists at 5-HT1A, such as aripiprazole, asenapine, clozapine, lurasidone, quetiapine, and ziprasidone. (thecarlatreport.com)
Memory and Cognition2
Impairments1
- In this patient, the cognitive impairments and neuropsychiatric symptoms (hallucinations, cognition fluctuations) were treated with donepezil 10 mg at bedtime. (medscape.com)
Behavior3
- Data from clinical studies of STK-001 demonstrated clinical benefit for patients ages 2 to 18 years old, including reductions in seizures and improvements in cognition and behavior that support the potential for disease modificatio. (infomeddnews.com)
- Two-year data from the longest prospective natural history study of Dravet syndrome showed that, on average, patients experienced no meaningful improvement in convulsive seizure frequency and exhibited widening gaps in cognition and behavior despite treatment with the best available anti-seizure medicines. (infomeddnews.com)
- The dorsal striatum is a major input structure of the basal ganglia and plays a key role in the control of vital processes such as motor behavior, cognition, and motivation. (jneurosci.org)
Anticholinergic1
- Neither the clozapine/norclozapine ratio nor anticholinergic cognitive burden significantly predicted participants' total learning. (bvsalud.org)
Symptoms3
- A medial PFC dysfunction may underlie the negative and cognitive symptoms in human 22q11 deletion carriers, and these results are relevant to the current debate on the utility of clozapine in such subjects. (univ-tours.fr)
- With this information, they will be able to establish a basis for choosing the treatments that best work for symptoms of a psychotic illness using simple, safe tests of cognition and brain function. (teamdanielrunningforrecovery.org)
- Clozapine is better at treating symptoms but is typically used only for treatment-resistant patients due to its side effects. (hempforhealth.net)
Hippocampal1
- The relationship of clozapine and haloperidol treatment response to prefrontal, hippocampal, and caudate brain volumes. (va.gov)
Psychosocial1
- The best-studied psychosocial treatments are social skills training, cognitive-behavioral therapy, cognitive remediation, and social cognition training. (medscape.com)
Bipolar disorder2
Disturbance2
- Impaired cognition or a disturbance in information processing is an underappreciated symptom that interferes with day-to-day life. (medscape.com)
- An acute change (hours to days) in consciousness, attention or cognition, or new perceptual disturbance, should prompt consideration of delirium. (racgp.org.au)
Fluctuations2
- 4 PDD is characterised by the gradual emergence of day-to-day fluctuations in cognition, confusion, attention and alertness, as opposed to the persistent amnestic deficits of Alzheimer's disease. (racgp.org.au)
- It can be tempting to attribute the acute deterioration to Parkinson's disease itself, particularly as many features of the latter overlap with those of PDD, such as day-to-day fluctuations in cognition or alertness. (racgp.org.au)
Behaviour1
- Changing health behaviour: intervention and research with social cognition models. (sussex.ac.uk)
Delirium1
- For each of these causes of delirium do your history and physical and order appropriate tests if needed to assure yourself the presentation of altered cognition is not delirium. (thegenerehlist.ca)
Decrease1
- Then he focused on the cohort that they have been following up for nearly 25 years within the Suffolk County where they very clearly show accelerated decline in cognition associated with significant decrease in terms of their overall patient function as patients become older and this acceleration seems to become more pronounced towards the later part of life. (nih.gov)
Medication1
- Clozapine is the most effective medication but is not recommended as first-line therapy. (medscape.com)
Perspective1
- Unique Effects of Clozapine: A Pharmacological Perspective. (nih.gov)
Effective1
- Clozapine may be more effective, but its use mandates hematologic monitoring. (medscape.com)
Processes1
- Dopamine and its receptors play fundamental roles in controlling neurological processes including motor control, cognition, learning, and emotions ( Beaulieu and Gainetdinov, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
Acute1
- In this theoretical review, we discuss the most relevant researches to our knowledge on the study of stress response, from the concept of stress, its neurobiology, the hormonal response during stress, as well as its regulation, the effects of acute and chronic stress, stress from cognition, the different stress responses during life, as well as its relationship with different psychiatric disorders. (usb.edu.co)
Significant3
- H-PFC LTP was restored to prestress levels by clozapine (3 mg/kg i.p.) in stressed Df(h22q11)/+ mice, but the restoration of stress-induced LTP, while significant, was similar between wild-type and Df(h22q11)/+ mice. (univ-tours.fr)
- The term dementia describes a chronic, insidious syndrome of cognitive impairment that affects one or more areas of cognition and interferes with daily function or independence.This needs to be a significant decline from baseline. (thegenerehlist.ca)
- It seemed to improve depression and cognition without causing any significant side effects. (thecarlatreport.com)
Safe1
- and transfer oversight to prescribing physicians who can enforce rational guidelines for the safe use of clozapine, tailored to the individual needs of their patients. (teamdanielrunningforrecovery.org)