• With cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement results of mixed inorganic salt and dicarboxylic acid particles, we concluded that surface tension reduction and phase state should be carefully considered in aerosol-cloud interactions. (copernicus.org)
  • These observed radiation and cloud changes are consistent with a link in which atmospheric ionization modulates aerosol's formation and growth, which survive to cloud condensation nuclei and ultimately affect cloud formation and thereby temporarily the radiative balance of Earth. (nature.com)
  • However, these results do not by themselves assure that aerosols survive to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) such that variations in ionization can change CCN concentrations and subsequently clouds. (nature.com)
  • Aerosol particles negatively affect human health while also having climatic relevance due to, for example, their ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei. (linearcollider.org)
  • Aerosol particles with sizes smaller than 50 nm impact cloud formation and precipitation. (copernicus.org)
  • Our simulations of aerosol particles containing salt or organic compounds reveal that water enters a less cohesive phase at droplet sizes below 4 nm. (copernicus.org)
  • Major aerosol types emitted by biomass burning include soot, ash, and charcoal particles. (copernicus.org)
  • Here, we investigated the ice nucleation activity of 400 nm size-selected particles of two different pyrolyis-derived charcoal types in the mixed phase and cirrus cloud regime. (copernicus.org)
  • Among them the magnitude of earthquakes, the diameters of moon craters, the intensity of solar flares, population of cities, size of aerosol and hydrosol particles, eddies in turbulent water, the strengths of tornadoes and hurricanes and many other things. (wdcb.ru)
  • The reason being that any changes in ion-nucleated aerosol number density get attenuated by absorption on existing aerosols before the particles can grow to CCN. (nature.com)
  • A major fraction of atmospheric aerosol particles, which affect both air quality and climate, form from gaseous precursors in the atmosphere. (linearcollider.org)
  • The development of methods to retrieve microphysical properties of aerosol will lead to a much better characterization of the aerosol distribution, providing additional information about the composition and origin of the particles. (tropos.de)
  • Foyo-Moreno I., Lozano I.L., Alados I., Guerrero-Rascado J.L. A new method to estimate aerosol radiative forcing on photosynthetically active radiation (2023) Atmospheric Research, 291, art. (ugr.es)
  • Water surface tension is applied widely in current aerosol-cloud models but could be inappropriate in the presence of atmospheric surfactants. (copernicus.org)
  • METHODS: Ambient atmospheric UFP and PM2.5 were quantified using a global three-dimensional model of chemical transport with state-of-the-science aerosol microphysical processes validated extensively with observations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Atmospheric ionization produced by cosmic rays has been suspected to influence aerosols and clouds, but its actual importance has been questioned. (nature.com)
  • If changes in atmospheric ionization have a substantial impact on clouds, one would expect to observe significant responses in Earth's energy budget. (nature.com)
  • A fundamental question during the last two decades has been whether changes in atmospheric ionization can perturb aerosols and thereby cloud properties. (nature.com)
  • However, for the ion-aerosol-cloud link to be important, the changes in atmospheric ionization should significantly influence Earth's energy balance. (nature.com)
  • Although the response of sea surface temperature to solar activity has mostly been discussed as mediated by solar radiations, we propose that another mechanism is possible: through the impact of GCRs on clouds and the resultant changes in atmospheric circulations. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets (CLOUD) experiment aims to recreate atmospheric conditions inside a large chamber where the mechanisms for the formation of aerosol and cloud are studied. (linearcollider.org)
  • Generally accepted evolutionary equations more or less correctly describe the {\em average} temporal evolution of complex geophysical structures (changes in the state of the atmosphere, aerosol processes and climate, the development of territorial structures, demographic structures, etc) once the transition rates between states of the system are known. (wdcb.ru)
  • At IMK-AAF challenging research opportunities are available for young scientists interested in the study of physical and chemical aerosol processes that contribute to the conversion of reactive trace compounds, particle formation and dynamics, cloud microphysics, aerosol-climate interactions, and health related aerosol effects. (kit.edu)
  • Development and test of new data analysis algorithms for the determination of optical and microphysical properties of aerosols (combined Sun-photometer-Lidar-Algorythms, inversion techniques ). (tropos.de)
  • Simultaneous satellite observations of clouds show that these variations are mainly caused by changes in the short-wave radiation of low liquid clouds along with small changes in the long-wave radiation, and are almost exclusively located over the pristine areas of the oceans. (nature.com)
  • Observations of the aerosol distribution allow to retrieve boundary layer characteristics, which in turn are most important for the distribution of pollutants. (tropos.de)
  • Observations of the modification of aerosol properties when air masses pass over Europe provide excellent material to improve air pollution and climate prediction models, and thus help to develop abatement strategies. (tropos.de)
  • Observations of elevated aerosol layers in combination with trajectory analysis permit the study of long-range transport of pollutants on a hemispherical scale. (tropos.de)
  • Kodros, J. K. and Pierce, J. R.: Important global and regional differences in aerosol cloud-albedo effect estimates between simulations with and without prognostic aerosol microphysics, J. Geophys. (harvard.edu)
  • We matched these to U.S. census demographic data for varied spatial scales (state, county, county subdivision) and derived population-weighted aerosol exposure estimates. (bvsalud.org)
  • A mechanism accelerating aerosol growth in the real atmosphere would lead to a higher survival rate of aerosols growing to CCN sizes. (nature.com)
  • We find that ice nucleation is constrained to cirrus cloud conditions, takes place via pore condensation and freezing, and is largely governed by the particle porosity and mineral content. (copernicus.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: To quantify and compare the aerosol pollutant exposure disparities for UFP and PM2.5 by socio-demographic factors in New York State (NYS). (bvsalud.org)
  • Aerosol exposure disparities for each demographic and socioeconomic (SES) indicator, with a focus on race-ethnicity and income, were quantified for the period 2013-2020. (bvsalud.org)
  • For establishing an aerosol climatology a regular schedule is chosen with 3 measurements per week at preselected times. (tropos.de)
  • Furthermore, following the activation of high-altitude cloud formation, an increase in sea surface temperature (SST) gradient was observed over the Pacific. (frontiersin.org)
  • The main objectives of EARLINET are the establishment of a comprehensive and quantitative statistical data base of the horizontal and vertical distribution of aerosols on the European scale using a network of advanced laser remote sensing stations, and the use of these data for studies related to the impact of aerosols on a variety of environmental problems. (tropos.de)
  • This effect causes important deviations from theoretical predictions of aerosol properties, including phase state and hygroscopic growth. (copernicus.org)
  • EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) is the first aerosol lidar network which attempts to retrieve quantitative data on the vertical distribution of aerosol optical properties in a systematic and statistically significant approach and on a continental scale. (tropos.de)
  • A link involving ionization, aerosols, and clouds would be an exciting interconnection between Earth and the Galaxy. (nature.com)
  • The NCAR 'Particle Size Distribution' (PSD) instrument consists of three instruments that measure the size distribution of the ambient aerosol from 3 nm to 2 microns. (ucar.edu)
  • This dataset provides a link to the NASA GSFC Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) data archive. (ucar.edu)
  • This will help to identify major sources of aerosol and hence support the development of suitable abatement strategies. (tropos.de)
  • DISCUSSION: We identified large disparities in aerosol pollution exposure by urbanization level and socio-demographics in NYS residents. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this paper, we show that the high-altitude clouds associated with deep convective activities are responding to the decadal-scale cycles of GCRs and that the susceptible areas are seasonally variable. (frontiersin.org)
  • Most notable responses were found in August over tropical land areas, suggesting that the susceptivity of clouds to GCRs depends on the depth of convective activities and the abundance of aerosol precursor materials. (frontiersin.org)
  • The TwO-Moment Aerosol Sectional (TOMAS) microphysics package was developed for implementation into GEOS-Chem at Carnegie-Mellon University. (harvard.edu)
  • Using a moving sectional and moment-based approach, TOMAS tracks two independent moments (number and mass) of the aerosol size distribution for a number of discrete size bins. (harvard.edu)
  • We used the latest release version of ECHAM-HAMMOZ (ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3-MOZ1.0) with the Sectional Aerosol module for Large Scale Applications version 2.0 (SALSA) microphysics package to test and compare our scheme. (copernicus.org)
  • African dust aerosols can travel thousands of kilometers and reach the Caribbean and other places, where they can serve as ice and cloud condensation nuclei and alter precipitation patterns. (copernicus.org)
  • In this study we introduce an in-cloud wet deposition scheme for liquid and ice phase clouds for global aerosol-climate models which use a size-segregated aerosol description. (copernicus.org)
  • The comparison included vertical profiles and mass and number distributions of wet deposition fluxes of different aerosol compounds and for different latitude bands. (copernicus.org)
  • Without further adjustments in the host model, our wet deposition scheme produced unrealistically high aerosol concentrations, especially at high altitudes. (copernicus.org)
  • The seeded clouds showed higher concentrations of Chlorine (Cl) and potassium (K), the oxidizing agents of flares. (copernicus.org)
  • High concentrations of ice crystals in upper-tropospheric tropical clouds: is there a link to biomass and fossil fuel combustion? (copernicus.org)
  • To find a better setup for simulating aerosol vertical profiles and transport, sensitivity simulations were conducted where aerosol emission distribution and hygroscopicity were altered. (copernicus.org)
  • Vertical profiles of aerosol species simulated with the scheme which uses fixed scavenging rates and the abovementioned sensitivity simulations were evaluated against vertical profiles from aircraft observations. (copernicus.org)
  • The lifetimes of different aerosol compounds were also evaluated against the ensemble mean of models involved in the Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models (AEROCOM) project. (copernicus.org)
  • 2020. "The ARM Radar Network: At the Leading-edge of Cloud and Precipitation Observations. (pnnl.gov)
  • 2023. "Performance of optical sensors for cloud measurements deployed by the ARM Aerial Facility during ACE-ENA. (pnnl.gov)
  • 2022. "The COMBLE campaign: a study of marine boundary-layer clouds in Arctic cold-air outbreaks. (pnnl.gov)
  • This page describes the TOMAS aerosol microphysics option in GEOS-Chem. (harvard.edu)
  • TOMAS is one of two aerosol microphysics packages being incorporated into GEOS-Chem, the other being APM . (harvard.edu)
  • For in-cloud nucleation scavenging, the scheme uses cloud droplet activation and ice nucleation rates obtained from the host model. (copernicus.org)
  • For in-cloud impaction scavenging, we used a method where the removal rate depends on the wet aerosol size and cloud droplet radii. (copernicus.org)
  • 2022. "Rapid growth of anthropogenic organic nanoparticles greatly alters cloud life cycle in the Amazon rainforest. (pnnl.gov)
  • 2022. "Polar Aerosol Vertical Structures and Characteristics Observed with a High Spectral Resolution Lidar at the ARM NSA Observatory. (pnnl.gov)
  • The aerosol species that are considered with high size resolution are sulfate, sea-salt, OC, EC, and dust. (harvard.edu)
  • An advantage of TOMAS is the full size resolution for all chemical species and the conservation of aerosol number, the latter of which allows one to construct aerosol and CCN number budgets that will balance. (harvard.edu)
  • Each aerosol species requires 30 tracers for the 30 bin size resolution, 12 for the 12 bin, etc. (harvard.edu)
  • 2021. "Harmonized and high-quality datasets of aerosol optical depth at a US continental site, 1997-2018. (pnnl.gov)
  • Secondary organic carbon (SOC) was derived using elemental carbon (EC) tracer method for primary organic carbon (OC) in daily aerosol samples collected in the regional background environment, suburban area, and central part of Budapest in each season. (researchgate.net)
  • The In-Service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) is a small fleet of commercial aircraft that carry a suite of meteorological, gas, aerosol, and cloud sensors and have been measuring worldwide for almost 9 years, since late 2011. (copernicus.org)
  • The Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets (CLOUD) experiment aims to recreate atmospheric conditions inside a large chamber where the mechanisms for the formation of aerosol and cloud are studied. (cern.ch)
  • Oxidative potential (OP) is an emerging health-related metric which integrates several physicochemical properties of particulate matter (PM) that are involved in the pathogenesis of the diseases resulting from the exposure to PM. Daily PM2.5-fraction aerosol samples collected in the rural background of the Carpathian Basin and in the suburban area. (researchgate.net)
  • Oxidative potential (OP) is an emerging health-related metric which integrates several physicochem-ical properties of particulate matter (PM) that are involved in the pathogenesis of the diseases resulting from exposure to PM. Daily PM 2.5-fraction aerosol samples collected in the rural background of the Carpathian Basin and in the suburban area an. (researchgate.net)
  • V4 cloud classifications, and correct a few V4 misclassifications of cloud layers identified as dense dust or elevated smoke layers by CALIOP. (copernicus.org)
  • This effect causes important deviations from theoretical predictions of aerosol properties, including phase state and hygroscopic growth. (copernicus.org)
  • A new IIR-based cloud and aerosol discrimination (CAD) algorithm is developed using the IIR brightness temperature differences for cloud and aerosol features confidently identified by the CALIOP version 4 CAD algorithm. (copernicus.org)
  • Aerosol and cloud are recognized as representing the largest uncertainty in the current understanding of climate change together with the influence of the cosmic rays. (cern.ch)