Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Medical search. Frequent questions

The bacteria produce protective spores to help them survive. (medlineplus.gov)
Infant botulism occurs when a baby eats Clostridium botulinum spores and the bacteria grow in the baby's intestines. (medlineplus.gov)
C botulinum bacteria and their spores are ubiquitous. (medscape.com)
C. botulinum is present less frequently, normally at a few spores per kilogramme. (foodnavigator.com)
Botulism occurs after ingestion of a neurotoxin formed when spores of C. botulinum type A, B, E or F germinate and multiply in a food. (foodnavigator.com)
This type of botulism is attributed to the ingestion of honey or dust containing spores of the bacteria in question. (euroweeklynews.com)
The bacteria form spores which keep the bacteria dormant until they find themselves in an environment that allows them to grow. (osu.edu)
For low-acid foods, a pressure canner must be used (and used properly) to destroy any botulinum spores that may be lurking in the food. (osu.edu)
the subject of our study), also known as 'floppy baby syndrome', results from ingestion of Clostridium botulinum spores with subsequent colonization in the gut and releases botulism toxin, causing acute flaccid descending paralysis. (cdc.gov)
And the second type is wound botulism, in which Clostridium botulinum spores get into wounds, especially after a traumatic injury, post-op, or IVDU. (cdc.gov)
contains botulinum spores, and that's why it is recommended to avoid honey consumption until one year old. (cdc.gov)
1 C. botulinum spores of fermented food in 2006. (who.int)
1 C. botulinum was found to be the main source of a type A botulism is present in the environment, with type A or B spores outbreak in two elderly people in the United States in being found primarily in terrestrial vegetables and type E 2017. (who.int)

C. botulinum is a diverse group of pathogenic bacteria initially grouped together by their ability to produce botulinum toxin and now known as four distinct groups, C. botulinum groups I-IV, as well as some strains of Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium baratii, are the bacteria responsible for producing botulinum toxin. (wikipedia.org)

Botulinum toxin, one of the most poisonous biological substances known, is a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. (wikipedia.org)
Botulism is a rare but potentially fatal neurological disease, caused by a powerful neurotoxin produced by the Clostridium botulinum bacteria. (connexionfrance.com)

C. botulinum elaborates eight antigenically distinguishable exotoxins (A, B, C1, C2, D, E, F and G). Most strains produce one type of neurotoxin, but strains producing multiple toxins have been described. (wikipedia.org)
Botulism may also occur if the bacteria enter open wounds and produce toxins there. (medlineplus.gov)
It happens when germs such as viruses, bacteria and parasites, or toxins (poisons) produced by them, get into foods we eat. (healthychildren.org)
Botulinum toxins are among the most potent toxins known to science. (wikipedia.org)
[55] Botulinum toxins have been used off-label for several pediatric conditions, including infantile esotropia . (wikipedia.org)
Hence, testing for C. botulinum and its toxins is not recommended. (foodnavigator.com)
Bacteria can cause disease by producing harmful substances (toxins), invading tissues, or doing both. (merckmanuals.com)
Of the seven existing forms of botulinum toxins (A to G), four of them (A, B, E and F) can cause human botulism. (euroweeklynews.com)
The various botulinum toxins possess individual potencies, and care is required to assure proper use and avoid medication errors. (medscape.com)

Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is a type of bacteria often found in soil, sewage, and the intestines of humans and animals. (healthychildren.org)
EFSA scientific experts tackle the presence of harmful foodborne bacteria Clostridium perfringens and C. botulinum, compiling an opinion on the risk these spore-forming bacteria pose. (foodnavigator.com)
The species of the genus Clostridium most commonly involved in food-borne illness are Clostridium perfringens and C. botulinum. (foodnavigator.com)
The log counts population per million reads for all investigated pathogens (Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, generic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium (C. botulinum, C. perfringens), and Campylobacter (C.jejuni, C.coli, C.fetus)) were reduced from Arrival to Market-Ready samples mainly due to reduced diversity within the microbiome. (cdc.gov)

You may not know that Botox® and Dysport® are trade names for botulinum toxin. (cdc.gov)
Botulinum toxin (botox) injections - can they help your symptoms of Parkinson's disease? (apdaparkinson.org)
You most likely know that Botulinum toxin (more commonly referred to as Botox®, among other brand names) is used for cosmetic purposes to decrease wrinkles. (apdaparkinson.org)
Botox is a drug made from a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. (nih.gov)
Botulinum toxin , or botulinum neurotoxin (commonly called botox ), is a highly potent neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and related species. (wikipedia.org)
Botox is a neurotoxin that is produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. (reinholdweber.com)
Botox is the brand name for botulinum toxin type A, a muscle relaxer that's been used for decades to treat a variety of medical conditions and for cosmetic reasons. (consultingroom.com)
Botox was originally discovered by scientists who were studying bacteria called Clostridium botulinum in the 1970s. (consultingroom.com)
To prevent nerve fibres from doing this, Wang's team used botox, the lethal botulinum toxin produced by the Clostridium botulinum bacterium, which is sometimes injected to prevent wrinkles. (newscientist.com)
Botox, short for Botulinum Toxin, is a purified neurotoxin derived from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. (doctorbev.com)
Botox, short for botulinum toxin, is a neurotoxic protein derived from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. (scitechdaily.com)
Professor Frederic Meunier and Dr. Merja Joensuu, affiliated with the Queensland Brain Institute at The University of Queensland , have unveiled the precise molecular process through which Botulinum neurotoxin type-A, commonly referred to as Botox, penetrates brain cells. (scitechdaily.com)

Clostridium botulinum is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore-forming, motile bacterium with the ability to produce the neurotoxin botulinum. (wikipedia.org)
The growing bacteria produce the neurotoxin botulinum toxin, which is often referred to as the most poisonous substance known to mankind. (medscape.com)

C. botulinum produces heat-resistant endospores that are commonly found in soil and are able to survive under adverse conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Clostridium botulinum are found in soil and untreated water throughout the world. (medlineplus.gov)
But people can also get wound botulism when C. botulinum from soil contaminates other kinds of wounds, like open fractures and wounds from motor vehicle accidents. (cdc.gov)
Avian botulism type C is a naturally occurring soil bacterium, Clostridium botulinum , which produces a powerful neurotoxin. (fws.gov)
C. botulinum lives naturally in the soil. (leelofland.com)
Clostridia occur commonly in soil, dust, the aquatic environment and in the intestines of animals, and can consequently be present in a wide range of foods. (foodnavigator.com)
is a bacteria that is commonly found in nature (in soil, on raw fruits and vegetables and on meat and fish). (gov.mb.ca)
This type of bacteria occurs naturally in soil and water, which means that if you eat food that contains it without properly cooking it first (like improperly prepared fish or eggs), you could become ill or even die! (consultingroom.com)
These bacteria are found in the soil but grow best in conditions with very low oxygen. (osu.edu)

However, all types of botulinum toxin are rapidly destroyed by heating to 100 °C for 15 minutes (900 seconds). (wikipedia.org)
The different types of botulinum toxin have different molecular sizes, degrees of activation, and mechanisms of action. (medscape.com)
The seven main types of botulinum toxin are named types A to G (A, B, C1, C2, D, E, F and G). [20] [22] New types are occasionally found. (wikipedia.org)

Thus, the cosmetic effects of botulinum toxin were discovered. (medscape.com)
Once diagnosed, the botulism is treated with an antitoxin that keeps symptoms from worsening by blocking the effects of botulinum toxin in the bloodstream. (iowalum.com)

Physiological differences and genome sequencing at 16S rRNA level support the subdivision of the C. botulinum species into groups I-IV. (wikipedia.org)
A few strains from organisms genetically identified as other Clostridium species have caused human botulism: C. butyricum has produced type E toxin and C. baratii had produced type F toxin. (wikipedia.org)
The ability of C. botulinum to naturally transfer neurotoxin genes to other clostridia is concerning, especially in the food industry, where preservation systems are designed to destroy or inhibit only C. botulinum but not other Clostridium species. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria, like other living things, are classified by genus (based on having one or several similar characteristics) and, within the genus, by species. (merckmanuals.com)
Their scientific name is genus followed by species (for example, Clostridium botulinum ). (merckmanuals.com)
There are now headings for 20 species of Clostridium (previously 4) and for 7 specific subtypes of Clostridium botulinum. (bvsalud.org)

C. botulinum is responsible for foodborne botulism (ingestion of preformed toxin), infant botulism (intestinal infection with toxin-forming C. botulinum), and wound botulism (infection of a wound with C. botulinum). (wikipedia.org)
Usually the source of infant botulism isn't known, but we do know that C. botulinum can be found in honey, and since it's also often in environmental sources like dust, it's easy to see how C. botulinum could be ingested. (cdc.gov)
There is also a form of infant botulism, which occurs in newborns, whose immune system is not yet ready to defend itself against microbes, after colonisation of the intestine by the bacteria. (euroweeklynews.com)

This theory is supported by the presence of integration sites flanking the toxin in some strains of C. botulinum. (wikipedia.org)
A few strains of these bacteria can cause food-related illnesses. (healthychildren.org)

Because the symptoms are often flu-like, many people may not recognize that the illness is caused by harmful bacteria or other pathogens in food. (usda.gov)
Lakes create the ideal environment for bacteria, parasites, and other pathogens to breed and thrive. (listverse.com)
This process isn't failsafe, though, as many pathogens are salt tolerant, and cured meats may not reach salt levels high enough to prevent bacteria growth. (foodsafetynews.com)
Some bacteria, called commensals, live in and on our bodies to our benefit, protecting us from invading pathogens (disease causing germs), and they produce vitamins. (leelofland.com)

C. botulinum is divided into four distinct phenotypic groups (I-IV) and is also classified into seven serotypes (A-G) based on the antigenicity of the botulinum toxin produced. (wikipedia.org)
The similarity of the general architecture between the PTC-E(M) and the previously determined PTC-A(M) strongly suggests that the progenitor M complexes of all botulinum serotypes may have similar molecular arrangement, although the neurotoxins apparently can take very different conformation when they are released from the M complex. (nature.com)
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a protein that exists in 7 serotypes produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. (medscape.com)

Tremor - Although Botulinum toxin is not commonly used for this purpose, there are case reports in the literature showing its effective use for the control of tremor. (apdaparkinson.org)
Clostridium botulinum , the bacterium that causes botulism, is commonly present in decaying animal carcasses. (oregonvma.org)

Botulinum toxin has beneficial effects only on wrinkles caused by muscular contractions. (medscape.com)
Botulinum toxin is not an appropriate treatment for wrinkles caused by solar exposure or other degenerative processes of the dermal tissues. (medscape.com)
Botulinum toxin is used in dermatology for the treatment of facial wrinkles caused by muscular contractions. (medscape.com)
Botulinum toxin is appropriate only for the treatment of wrinkles caused by muscular action. (medscape.com)

The bacteria may enter the body through wounds or by eating improperly canned or preserved food. (medlineplus.gov)
Improperly canned, preserved, or fermented foods can provide the right conditions for the bacteria to make the toxin. (cdc.gov)

1 BoNTs are produced In Taiwan (China), two outbreaks have been recorded, by Clostridium botulinum , a Gram-positive, rod- one caused by type A botulism in nine patients who con- shaped, anaerobic, spore-forming, motile bacterium. (who.int)

However, these integrations sites are degraded (except for the C and D types), indicating that the C. botulinum acquired the toxin genes quite far in the evolutionary past. (wikipedia.org)

Xeomin contains botulinum toxin type A, a protein purified from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. (lasereyecenter.com)

This bacterium produces the botulism toxin, which attacks the nerves of humans who ingest it. (amnh.org)
The bacteria produces botulinum toxin, a nerve poison, that can cause a rare but serious illness called botulism which can result in paralysis. (gov.mb.ca)
Illness is caused by eating or drinking foods that are contaminated with the bacteria that produces the toxin. (gov.mb.ca)
The product may permit the growth of Clostridium botulinum bacteria, the pathogen that produces that toxin. (foodpoisoningbulletin.com)
The product may have been under processed, which could lead to the growth of Clostridium botulinum bacteria, which produces the botulism toxin under anaerobic conditions. (foodpoisoningbulletin.com)

Thousands of types of bacteria are naturally present in our environment. (usda.gov)
However, the neurotoxins of C. botulinum are among the most toxic naturally-occurring substances and cause severe foodborne illness, sometimes fatal, with symptoms continuing for several months. (foodnavigator.com)

C. botulinum producing B and F toxin types have been isolated from human botulism cases in New Mexico and California. (wikipedia.org)
Only botulinum toxin types A, B, E, F and H cause disease in humans. (wikipedia.org)

Foodborne illness associated with pathogenic bacteria is a global public health and economic challenge. (cdc.gov)
Here, the combined use of a metagenomics approach and shotgun sequencing technology was evaluated as a tool to detect pathogenic bacteria in different sectors of the beef production chain. (cdc.gov)

In the US these days, wound botulism most often occurs in injection drug users who introduce the C. botulinum into wounds when they skin-pop black tar heroin. (cdc.gov)
This occurs when a person consumes food contaminated with the botulinum toxin. (iowalum.com)
A bioweapon carrying Y. pestis is possible because the bacterium occurs in nature and could be isolated and grown in quantity in a laboratory. (cdc.gov)

Washing your hands can remove harmful bacteria, so wash your hands often to help prevent foodborne illness. (fda.gov)
He or she can properly diagnose foodborne illness, have the specific bacteria identified if necessary, and prescribe the best treatment. (fda.gov)

Infants develop botulism when the bacteria grow in their gut. (medlineplus.gov)
A second way people can develop botulism is when botulinum toxin is produced in a wound that has C. botulinum in it. (cdc.gov)

it takes the higher temperatures of the pressure canner to kill the botulism bacteria. (pickyourown.org)
Improper home canning creates the perfect environment for botulism bacteria to grow and is the most likely risk for botulism. (gov.mb.ca)

Anaerobic bacteria spoil a wide range of foods including dairy products, meat and poultry products, fresh and canned fruits and vegetables: typically producing gas and putrid odours, with a few of causing illness. (foodnavigator.com)
Bar Goldberg] Botulism is a rare but potentially lethal disease caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum , a gram-negative, spore-forming anaerobic bacteria. (cdc.gov)

We have determined the crystal structure of M type Progenitor complex of botulinum neurotoxin E [PTC-E(M)], a heterodimer of BoNT and NTNH. (nature.com)
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a type of nerve blocker. (nih.gov)
In 1928, Dr. Herman Sommer, at the University of California, San Francisco, first isolated in purified form botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) as a stable acid precipitate. (medscape.com)
Clostridium botulinum type B was detected in three of eight pâté samples collected from the houses of cases. (who.int)
type A botulinum toxin. (bvsalud.org)

When Botulinum toxin is injected into a muscle, it gets taken up by the nerve endings that interface with the muscle, and interferes with the release of acetylcholine, thereby stopping communication between the nerve and the muscle. (apdaparkinson.org)
Botulism is caused by a nerve toxin produced by bacteria called Clostridium botulinum. (osu.edu)

Staphylococcus is salt tolerant, so proper food handling is vital to prevent these bacteria from growing. (foodsafetynews.com)

Botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)

Tularemia Tularemia is infection that is caused by the gram-negative bacteria Francisella tularensis , which is acquired when people have direct contact with infected wild animals, usually rabbits. (merckmanuals.com)

Botulinum toxin injections, targeting the particular muscles that are moving excessively, can be effective in all these scenarios. (apdaparkinson.org)
Botulinum toxin injections into the salivary glands can decrease production of saliva and thereby decrease drooling. (apdaparkinson.org)
Botulinum toxin injections into the bladder can relax the bladder thereby allowing for more normal urination. (apdaparkinson.org)

This toxic bacterium makes people very sick when they eat food contaminated with it. (amnh.org)

Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is released as a progenitor complex, in association with a non-toxic-non-hemagglutinin protein (NTNH) and other associated proteins. (nature.com)
Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is the most toxic substance known to mankind and no therapeutic intervention is currently available for post-exposure treatment. (nature.com)
It seems that NTNH and other proteins produced simultaneously by the bacteria with the BoNT must have important role(s) to play in the intoxication process. (nature.com)
Botulinum toxin (abbreviated either as BTX or BoNT) is produced by Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium. (medscape.com)
In 1946, Dr. Edward J Schantz succeeded in purifying BoNT-A in crystalline form-cultured Clostridium botulinum and isolated the toxin. (medscape.com)

If bubonic plague is not treated, however, the bacteria can spread through the bloodstream and infect the lungs, causing a secondary case of pneumonic plague. (cdc.gov)

This indicates that the proportion of these bacteria increases within the remaining bacterial community, which is likely a result of a reduction or elimination of other bacteria via antimicrobial interventions applied during meat processing. (cdc.gov)

If we go by reports, they are formed from nitrite (sodium nitrite) added to processed meat to increase its shelf life, suppress fat oxidation, prevent the growth of bacteria. (indiatimes.com)
And the common belief is that infant intestinal flora is insufficient to suppress Clostridium botulinum colonization. (cdc.gov)

It's made from Clostridium botulinum toxin and has been used for medical and cosmetic purposes since the 1980s. (consultingroom.com)

During the treatment of blepharospasmus with botulinum A exotoxin, the cosmetic appearance of the glabellar frown lines improve. (medscape.com)
Botulinum toxin is an additional option in the cosmetic improvement of the smile and gives better results when combined with gingival resection surgery. (bvsalud.org)

BIOHAZ further underlines that laboratory detection methods for C. botulinum "are not suited to routine food microbiology laboratories" because it is necessary to test for the neurotoxin, and special safety precautions are necessary. (foodnavigator.com)

Plague is a disease caused by Yersinia pestis ( Y. pestis ), a bacterium found in rodents and their fleas in many areas around the world. (cdc.gov)

If a wound becomes infected with the C. botulinum , the bacteria will introduce the toxin to the body this way, resulting in the same symptoms. (iowalum.com)

Escherichia coli (or E. coli ) is a group of bacteria that normally live in the intestines of children and adults. (healthychildren.org)
The grayish coloring at the top of the agar is E.coli bacteria. (leelofland.com)
Further, normalized counts for Salmonella enterica, E. coli, and C. botulinum were greater in Market-Ready samples. (cdc.gov)

The bacteria are anaerobic and heat-resistant, which means that they can only grow in environments low in oxygen and cannot survive in very hot conditions. (iowalum.com)
Because the bacteria cannot survive at high temperatures, be sure to adequately cook all canned products. (iowalum.com)

Pneumonic plague may also occur if a person with bubonic or septicemic plague is untreated and the bacteria spread to the lungs. (cdc.gov)

Cold temperatures keep most harmful bacteria from multiplying. (fda.gov)

Agam Rao] Botulism is treated with management in an intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation when needed, and botulinum antitoxin. (cdc.gov)
Botulinum antitoxin is most helpful if administered early during the patient's illness, so it's really important that physicians get that antitoxin as soon as possible when they find out about a patient's illness. (cdc.gov)

However, C. botulinum tolerates traces of oxygen due to the enzyme superoxide dismutase, which is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells exposed to oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
Over 2.3 billion years ago, the oceans back then contained very simple forms of life, such as single-celled bacteria, that didn't need oxygen to live! (amnh.org)
C. botulinum toxin is resistant to heat and thrives in a moist, oxygen-free environment. (gov.mb.ca)
Bacteria are also classified by whether they need oxygen to live and grow. (merckmanuals.com)

Botulism is a rare but potentially lethal illness produced by bacteria. (iowalum.com)
Botulism is a rare but potentially deadly illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum . (cdc.gov)

The results of these techniques on the growth of pathogenic psychrotrophs like Listeria monocytogenes and non-proteolytic Clostridium botulinum will be studied. (europa.eu)

Clostridium botulinum can be found normally in the stool of some infants. (medlineplus.gov)
This infant was a botulism patient in a clinical setting, and was exhibiting the characteristic flaccid facial musculature, ptosis of the lids, and lack of expression found in infantile botulism, caused by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum . (cdc.gov)
Currently, botulinum toxin has been found effective in the treatment of gummy smile, in patients with overactive smiling muscles as well to treat temporomandibular disorders (masseter hypertrophy, bruxism) and myofascial pain 5,8 . (bvsalud.org)

Bacteria, molds and yeasts cause damage, as do food enzymes and contact with the air. (missouri.edu)

C. botulinum is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming bacterium. (wikipedia.org)
A single gram of the toxin (botulinum toxin) could kill more than a million people. (iowalum.com)
Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria stain differently because their cell walls are different. (merckmanuals.com)
The Botulinum toxin is synthesized by the Gram-positive anaerobe bacteria Clostridium botulinum 3,4,13 and acts by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction preventing muscle contraction. (bvsalud.org)

Bacteria multiply rapidly between 40 °F and 140 °F. To keep food out of this "Danger Zone," keep cold food cold and hot food hot . (usda.gov)
When food is not kept hot enough, staph bacteria multiply and produce a toxin that ordinary cooking will not destroy. (healthychildren.org)

Nuba Carob drink is being recalled in Canada for possible Clostridium botulinum contamination. (foodpoisoningbulletin.com)

Anatomy5

Organisms30

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs38

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes17

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture12

Information Science4

Health Care9

Spores13

Producing botulinum toxin1

Neurotoxin produced2

Toxins9

Perfringens4

BOTOX12

Produce the neurotoxin botulinum2

Soil9

Types of botulinum toxin3

Effects of botulinum toxin2

Species6

Infant botulism3

Strains2

Pathogens4

Serotypes3

Commonly2

Wrinkles4

Improperly2

Motile bacterium1

Acquired the toxin1

Contains botulinum1

Produces5

Naturally2

Toxin types2

Pathogenic bacteria2

Occurs3

Foodborne illness2

Develop botulism2

Botulism bacteria2

Anaerobic bacteria2

Type5

Nerve2

Staphylococcus1

Rare but serious illness1

Francisella1

Injections3

Food contaminated1

BoNT5

Bloodstream1

Bacterial1

Suppress2

Medical and cosmetic purposes1

Cosmetic2

Microbiology1

Yersinia1

Wound1

Coli3

Survive2

Occur1

Harmful bacteria1

Antitoxin2

Oxygen4

Illness2

Listeria1

Found3

Yeasts1

Gram4

Multiply2

Contamination1