Cloning vector bacterial artificial clone cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

YAC (Yeast Artificial Chromosome): A vector of hundreds to kilobases long used for cloning of DNA fragment. (biologyexams4u.com)
In the process of cloning the entire Md11 genome in a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vector, we obtained an infectious clone in which the entire terminal repeat short segment (TRS) was replaced by a portion of the duck genome. (usda.gov)
We have developed a method to capture inserts from P1 and P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) clones into a yeast-bacteria shuttle vector by using recombinogenic targeting. (psu.edu)
We have engineered a vector, pPAC-ResQ, a derivative of pClasper, which was previously used to capture inserts from yeast artificial chromosome clones, pPAC-ResQ contains DNA fragments flanking the inserts in P1 and PAC vectors as recombinogenic ends. (psu.edu)
Recombination-mediated genetic engineering of a bacterial artificial chromosome clone of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA). (ox.ac.uk)
The production, manipulation and rescue of a bacterial artificial chromosome clone of Vaccinia virus (VAC-BAC) in order to expedite construction of expression vectors and mutagenesis of the genome has been described (Domi & Moss, 2002, PNAS99 12415-20). (ox.ac.uk)
In this study, these difficulties were overcome by cloning the entire AlHV-1 genome as a stable, infectious and pathogenic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). (microbiologyresearch.org)
Cloning and mutagenesis of the murine gammaherpesvirus 68 genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome. (microbiologyresearch.org)
BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) libraries are a compilation of vectors carrying segments of DNA which make up the whole genome. (xenopusresource.org)

The cloning vector may be DNA taken from a virus, the cell of a higher organism, or it may be the plasmid of a bacterium. (wikipedia.org)
Some vectors contain two selectable markers, for example the plasmid pACYC177 has both ampicillin and kanamycin resistance gene. (wikipedia.org)
Another kind of selectable marker allows for the positive selection of plasmid with cloned gene. (wikipedia.org)
First artificial cloning vector (1977) constructed by Boliver & Rodriguez from E .coli plasmid. (biologyexams4u.com)
Cosmids are the novel cloning vectors which possess properties of both plasmid and phage. (biologyexams4u.com)
The pGNS-BAC-1 plasmid is a shuttle vector. (byjus.com)
Shuttle vectors have higher transformation efficiency, higher plasmid copy number, and the stability of plasmids is also seen. (byjus.com)
After that process, the recombinant GENETICS and the remaining plasmid will probably be replicated, allowing the gene to clone. (mabuty.com)
A cloning vector is a small piece of DNA, taken from a virus, a plasmid, or the cell of a higher organism, that can be stably maintained in an organism, and into which a foreign DNA fragment can be inserted for cloningpurposes. (fullsportpress.net)
Inclusion of a polylinker in a plasmid vector thus permits cloning of restriction fragments generated by cleavage of DNA with multiple different restriction enzymes. (fullsportpress.net)
Since most bacterial strains do not contain a pir gene, the uncut plasmid DNA that contaminates these transposon preparations cannot replicate and background problems are eliminated. (bjzblg.com)
This results in less background from uncut plasmid DNA when an artificial transposon is prepared by restriction endonuclease digestion. (bjzblg.com)

Furthermore, we have shown that the variant MDV genome containing the duck genome substitution is present in the parental Md11 population and has been maintained through several subsequent propagations of the virus on chicken cells. (usda.gov)
This finding provides direct evidence that host genome acquisition by MDV actually occurs during virus replication, and that one or more such MDV genomes with host sequences may exist within MDV viral stocks, which tend to be polyclonal due to the strictly cell-associated nature of its infection process. (usda.gov)
Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) and P1-based artificial chromosomes (PACs) have proved excellent tools for the human genome sequencing projects. (ox.ac.uk)
The loxP -flanked BAC cassette was excised from the genome of reconstituted virions by growing them in permissive cells stably expressing Cre recombinase. (microbiologyresearch.org)

There are many types of cloning vectors, but the most commonly used ones are genetically engineered plasmids. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning is generally first performed using Escherichia coli, and cloning vectors in E. coli include plasmids, bacteriophages (such as phage λ), cosmids, and bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs). (wikipedia.org)
Any DNA molecule that has the ability to replicate inside the host to which the desired gene is integrated for cloning- include plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, BAC, yeast vectors, shuttle vectors etc. (biologyexams4u.com)
Cosmid can be defined as the hybrid vectors derived from plasmids that contain cos site of phage which is essential for packaging of nucleic acid into protein coat plus essential features of plasmids and several unique restriction sites for the insertion of DNA to be cloned. (biologyexams4u.com)
The four types of vectors are plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids and artificial chromosomes. (byjus.com)
Functional fertility plasmids or F-plasmids are used for the vector construction. (byjus.com)
Name an eukaryotic organism that has plasmids, and can be used as a host in gene cloning experiments. (mcqexams.com)

The most important requirement for recombinant DNA technology is the cloning vector and expression vectors. (biologyexams4u.com)
Herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT), used originally as a vaccine against Marek's disease (MD), has recently been shown to be a highly effective viral vector for generation of recombinant vaccines that deliver protective antigens of other avian pathogens. (mdpi.com)
These different kinds are: recombinant DNA technology which includes GENETICS cloning or gene cloning, therapeutic cloning, and reproductive system cloning. (mabuty.com)
DNA Cloning and Gene Cloning (Recombinant DNA Technology) exclusively copies genes or DNA segments to execute the cloning. (mabuty.com)
Inside the laboratory, the gene is injected in the vector, which is called the recombinant. (mabuty.com)
Gene cloning involves separation of specific gene or DNA fragments from a donor cell, attaching it to small carrier molecule called vector and then replicating this recombinant vector into a host cell. (fullsportpress.net)
We apply here a similar approach to the attenuated strain Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), now widely used as a safe non-replicating recombinant vaccine vector in mammals, including humans. (ox.ac.uk)
Furthermore, a recombinant vaccine capable of inducing CD8(+) T cells against an epitope from Plasmodium berghei was created using GalK counterselection to insert an antigen expression cassette lacking a tandem marker gene into the traditional thymidine kinase locus of MVA-BAC. (ox.ac.uk)
Here we demonstrate in proof-of-concept experiments that MVA-BAC recombineering is a viable route to more rapid and efficient generation of new candidate mutant and recombinant vaccines based on a clinically deployable viral vector. (ox.ac.uk)

a) Bacteriophage can be used as vectors. (mcqexams.com)

Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), Human artificial chromosomes (HACs), and Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) are some examples of artificial chromosomes. (byjus.com)
Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) are DNA constructs that are used for transformation and cloning in bacterial cells, mostly E.coli . (byjus.com)

Gene cloning begins with all the insertion of a gene. (mabuty.com)
Method of gene cloning is useful in studying the structure and function of genes in detail. (fullsportpress.net)
6/3/2017 · Gene cloning- Steps involved in gene cloning Gene cloning. (fullsportpress.net)
10/21/2011 · What is the application of gene cloning in The chimeric DNA or rDNA formed by cloning is stable and can be used to propagate and sequence the DNA. (fullsportpress.net)
Gene Cloning and Its Medical Uses Qasim Munye 18th September 2014 Respond In its simplest form, for example in the treatment of single gene (monogenic) disorders, gene therapy can be considered the replacement of a defective gene in an individual with a functional "wild type" version of the gene to reverse the pathology. (fullsportpress.net)

Should have one or more marker genes for identification ad isolation of subpopulation of bacteria containing vector. (biologyexams4u.com)
The insertion of vectors into bacteria is called transformation, into eukaryotic cells is called transfection and insertion of viral vectors is called transduction. (byjus.com)
BAC vectors are DNA constructs that are used for cloning DNA in bacteria. (byjus.com)
Medical Applications: In medicine, cloned bacteria plays important role for the synthesis of vitamins, hormones and antibiotics. (fullsportpress.net)
This insertion allowed the production of an AlHV-1 BAC clone stably maintained in bacteria and able to regenerate virions when transfected into permissive cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Isolation and culture were crucial, as all emerging bacteria have been grown on artificial media or cell lines or at least propagated in animals. (cdc.gov)

Some vectors also include elements that allow them to be maintained in another organism in addition to E. coli, and these vectors are called shuttle vector. (wikipedia.org)
Shuttle vector which is designed to be maintained in two different organisms may also require two selectable markers, although some selectable markers such as resistance to zeocin and hygromycin B are effective in different cell types. (wikipedia.org)
Is BAC a shuttle vector? (byjus.com)
What are the characteristics of a shuttle vector? (byjus.com)
Shuttle vector. (fullsportpress.net)

The vector contains features that allow for the convenient insertion of a DNA fragment into the vector or its removal from the vector, for example through the presence of restriction sites. (wikipedia.org)

For reason of ease and convenience, cloning is often performed using E. coli. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, the cloning vectors used often have elements necessary for their propagation and maintenance in E. coli, such as a functional origin of replication (ori). (wikipedia.org)
A vector used to clone DNA fragments of 100-300 kb insert size in E.coli cells. (biologyexams4u.com)
pPAC-ResQ clones thus obtained can be further modified in yeast for functional analysis and shuttled to Escherichia coli to produce large quantities of cloned DNA. (psu.edu)
Replication from the R6Kγ origin in these two new vectors is dependent on the pir gene product produced by TransforMAX™ EC100D™ pir + and pir -116 E.coli cells. (bjzblg.com)

MDV generated from this infectious MDV-BAC clone can induce lymphomas in infected birds, the major hallmark of Marek's disease, however, at a frequency considerably lower than the parental Md11 virus stock. (usda.gov)
An infectious transfer and expression system for genomic DNA loci in human and mouse cells. (ox.ac.uk)
We describe a system to rapidly and efficiently deliver and express BAC and PAC library clones in human and mouse cells by converting them into infectious amplicon vectors. (ox.ac.uk)
The genomic BAC clone was 'rescued' back to infectious virus using a Fowlpox virus helper to supply transcriptional machinery. (ox.ac.uk)

Using these three types of cloning, biological species including cells, organisms, and genetics have all recently been successfully cloned. (mabuty.com)
In nature, many organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction. (fullsportpress.net)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to the process of creating clones of organisms or copies of cells or DNA fragments (molecular cloning). (fullsportpress.net)

The insertion of the fragment into the cloning vector is carried out by treating the vehicle and the foreign DNA with a restriction enzyme that creates the same … 6/5/2017 · Cloning vector-characteristics and types Cloning vector. (fullsportpress.net)
Characteristics of a cloning vectors. (fullsportpress.net)
6/5/2017 · Cloning vector-characteristics and types Cloning vector. (fullsportpress.net)

Reporter genes are used in some cloning vectors to facilitate the screening of successful clones by using features of these genes that allow successful clone to be easily identified. (wikipedia.org)
The cloned genes in these vectors are not expected to express themselves at the transcription or translation level. (biologyexams4u.com)
Shuttle vectors are called because genes inserted into these vectors can be tested and expressed in two different hosts. (byjus.com)
Cloning is the method of producing identical genes through different procedures. (fullsportpress.net)
Certain genes or the part of the chromosomes can be introduced in the cells to show the respective feature. (mcqexams.com)
The present invention is based on successful expression cloning of a transcription factor that binds to the GTII element of the GLUT2 and insulin genes from a differentiated insulin-secreting cDNA library. (justia.com)

Cloning vectors in yeast include yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs). (wikipedia.org)
Yeast Artificial Chromosomes (YACs) are artificially constructed vectors. (byjus.com)

They consist of ME sequences that flank an MCS in a vector with a colE1 origin of replication (Fig. 1). (bjzblg.com)

These vectors will accept fragments 9-20kb (kilobases) long. (fullsportpress.net)

Cloning vector is a small DNA molecule capable of self-replication inside the host cell. (fullsportpress.net)
It is a single standard DNA or RNA tagged with a radioactive molecule, which is complementary to the DNA in a clone of cells. (mcqexams.com)
a) The cell must be made competent in biotechnology experiments because DNA being a hydrophilic molecule, cannot pass through cell membrane. (mcqexams.com)
Hence, the cell should be made competent to accept the DNA molecule. (mcqexams.com)

a) Why must a cell be made 'competent' in biotechnology experiments? (mcqexams.com)

Keystone Symposia: Cell Biology of Virus Entry, Replication and Pathogenesis. (usda.gov)
Components such as the autonomously replication system (ARS), centromere and telomeres are taken from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the construction of vectors. (byjus.com)

The gene, once cloned into the cloning vector (called entry clone in this method), may be conveniently introduced into a variety of expression vectors by recombination. (wikipedia.org)
Expression vectors are designed for expressing the protein encoded by the inserted gene. (biologyexams4u.com)
The vectors that are used for the expression of the target gene are called expression vectors, vectors that are used for transcription are called transcription vectors (they cannot translate), and vectors that are able to express in more than one host are called shuttle vectors. (byjus.com)
Bacterial machinery does not have PTM mechanism, hence the expression of eukaryotic proteins becomes difficult. (byjus.com)
cells, the level of expression of GLUT2 is low and the intracellular glucokinase activity seems to be the rate-limiting step in the glycolytic pathway (5,11). (justia.com)
On the other hand, insulinoma cells that had lost their normal glucose responsiveness have low GLUT2 content, but some glucose sensitivity may be recovered after reintroducing GLUT2 expression through stable transfection of these cells (10,16). (justia.com)

The vector and the foreign DNA may be treated with a restriction enzyme that cuts the DNA, and DNA fragments thus generated contain either blunt ends or overhangs known as sticky ends, and vector DNA and foreign DNA with compatible ends can then be joined by molecular ligation. (wikipedia.org)
All commonly used cloning vectors in molecular biology have key features necessary for their function, such as a suitable cloning site and selectable marker. (wikipedia.org)
So that it features which are useful for molecular cloning experiments. (biologyexams4u.com)
The contributions in this book provide the reader with a perspective on how pervasive the applications of molecular cloning have become. (fullsportpress.net)
Identification of emerging bacterial pathogens generally results from a chain of events involving microscopy, serology, molecular tools, and culture. (cdc.gov)

The fragments of the chromosomes are incubated with whole cells/ eggs for transfection. (mcqexams.com)

A selectable marker is carried by the vector to allow the selection of positively transformed cells. (wikipedia.org)
To prepare the transposon, clone any DNA sequence of interest (e.g., selectable marker, control element, reporter gene) into the MCS and then generate the transposon either by PCR amplification or restriction enzyme digestion. (bjzblg.com)

Cloning vectors (Cloning vehicles) are used for creating genomic libraries, preparing probes, genetic engineering, or other basic studies. (biologyexams4u.com)
To demonstrate that genomic loci transferred in this way are functional, the complete human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) locus contained within a 115-kilobase BAC insert was shown to be expressed when delivered by infection into both a human HPRT-deficient fibroblast cell line and a mouse primary hepatocyte culture derived from Hprt-/- mice. (ox.ac.uk)

A fragment of the murine GLUT2 promoter has been cloned and shown to be glucose-responsive when transfected into differentiated insulin-producing cells or into hepatocytes (35,36,52). (justia.com)

A cloning vector is a small piece of DNA that can be stably maintained in an organism, and into which a foreign DNA fragment can be inserted for cloning purposes. (wikipedia.org)
This gene continues to be carefully segregated from the chromosomal DNA of the organism and transferred into a bacterial vector of one other DNA. (mabuty.com)
Cloning is the process of producing genetically identical individuals of an organism either naturally or artificially. (fullsportpress.net)
a) Name any one organism used as vector. (mcqexams.com)

It is a 4362 kb long widely used cloning vector. (biologyexams4u.com)
The first widely used Cloning vector $$pBR322$$ that contains around 4300 base pairs. (mcqexams.com)

This may be a multiple cloning site (MCS) or polylinker, which contains many unique restriction sites. (wikipedia.org)
Should have unique restriction sites as polylinkers or multiple cloning site (MCS). (biologyexams4u.com)

The vector must be able to replicate in host cells. (biologyexams4u.com)
A vector is a stretch of DNA that acts as a transport for carrying foreign genetic material into host cells, where it can replicate and express itself. (byjus.com)

b) The biolistic gun has been developed to introduce rDNA into mainly plant cells by using a gene / particle gun. (mcqexams.com)

Cloning vectors are used for obtaining millions of copies of the cloned DNA fragments. (biologyexams4u.com)
M13 phage has been variously modified to give rise to a MP13 mp series of cloning vectors which can be used for cloning of a wide variety of DNA fragments DNA cloning is an experimental technique that produces identical copies of DNA genetic code sequences. (fullsportpress.net)

Efficient gene delivery to primary cells is especially important, as these cells cannot be expanded using antibiotic selection. (ox.ac.uk)
Culture has irreplaceable advantages for studying emerging bacterial diseases, as it allows antigenic studies, antibiotic susceptibility testing, experimental models, and genetic studies to be carried out, and remains the ultimate goal of pathogen identification. (cdc.gov)

However, if the transposon is prepared by restriction enzyme digestion, there is a chance that the uncut pMOD vector will contaminate the transposon constructed. (bjzblg.com)

Abbc Spallanzani, an Italian biologist, also conducted experiments in the 18th century that challenged spontaneous generation, but his work did not specifically focus on the role of dust in bacterial contamination. (labtestsguide.com)

Four apparently full-length, rescuable clones were obtained, which had indistinguishable immunogenicity in mice. (ox.ac.uk)
Deletion of C12L, A44L, A46R or B7R did not significantly affect CD8(+) T cell immunogenicity in BALB/c mice, but deletion of B15R enhanced specific CD8(+) T cell responses to one of two endogenous viral epitopes (from the E2 and F2 proteins), in accordance with published work (Staib et al. (ox.ac.uk)
The results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry analyses, and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays indicated that A29L, M1R, A35R, and B6R elicited high-level antigen-specific antibodies and CD4+ T cells-based cellular immune response in mice. (bvsalud.org)

Vectors that are able to carry larger gene sequences than any other vector are referred to as artificial chromosomes. (byjus.com)
The conserved sequences among the three viral species-MPXV, VACV, and VARV-were detected, and B and T cell epitopes containing the conserved elements were used for the design of the multi-epitope mRNA construct. (bvsalud.org)
also contains an R6Kγ ori within the ME sequences, which is useful for a variety of rescue cloning applications. (bjzblg.com)

Moreover, culture provided the basis of other supplemental tools to elucidate the causes of microbial disease and to study the clinical and biological features of emerging bacterial diseases. (cdc.gov)

EPICENTRE offers five different EZ-Tn5™ pMOD™ Transposon Construction Vectors* for the preparation of custom EZ-Tn5 Transposons (Table 1). (bjzblg.com)
These vectors work well for constructing transposons in most cases. (bjzblg.com)

This approach provides a rapid method to modify P1/PAC clones for functional analysis. (psu.edu)

The target DNA sequence can be inserted into the vector in a specific direction if so desired. (wikipedia.org)
A gene sequence of 100-1000 kbp can be inserted in these vectors. (byjus.com)
A gene sequence of 150-350 kbp can be inserted into the BAC vectors. (byjus.com)

The restriction sites in the MCS are first cleaved by restriction enzymes, then a PCR-amplified target gene also digested with the same enzymes is ligated into the vectors using DNA ligase. (wikipedia.org)
Zymase is a complex of enzymes found in yeast cells that catalyze the conversion of sugars, such as glucose, into alcohol (ethanol) and carbon dioxide during the process of alcoholic fermentation. (labtestsguide.com)

After complete development as well as the birth, it is obvious why these animals have a similar genetic make-up from the subscriber and new clone. (mabuty.com)

This may involve the use of a gene lethal to the host cells, such as barnase, Ccda, and the parD/parE toxins. (wikipedia.org)
This typically works by disrupting or removing the lethal gene during the cloning process, and unsuccessful clones where the lethal gene still remains intact would kill the host cells, therefore only successful clones are selected. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning vector is used for replicating donor DNA fragment within host cell. (fullsportpress.net)
Polyethylene glycol helps in transfer of foreign DNA into the host cell. (mcqexams.com)

1-2 vectors are found per bacterial cell. (byjus.com)
One clone was shotgun sequenced and found to be identical to the parent. (ox.ac.uk)
In addition, we found a higher frequency of triple-positive IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-2 secreting E3-specific CD8+ T-cells 8 weeks after vaccination with MVA lacking B15R. (ox.ac.uk)

Junk was in reality, the first mammal to get cloned via a cellular taken from a fully adult dog cell. (mabuty.com)
In reproductive : cloning, a skin cellular is thoroughly extracted via an animal. (mabuty.com)

MCS stands for Multiple Cloning Sites in a vector where multiple restriction sites are present. (byjus.com)

Therapeutic cloning has a objective to study distinct human expansion for the treating diseases. (mabuty.com)
To answer these questions, we examined the key steps that led to identification of most bacterial diseases that have been discovered during the last 20 years. (cdc.gov)

In this TOPO cloning method a linearized vector is activated by attaching topoisomerase I to its ends, and this "TOPO-activated" vector may then accept a PCR product by ligating both the 5' ends of the PCR product, releasing the topoisomerase and forming a circular vector in the process. (wikipedia.org)
Another method of cloning without the use of DNA digest and ligase is by DNA recombination, for example as used in the Gateway cloning system. (wikipedia.org)
Even though a large number of people assume that there is just one way for the cloning method, there are actually three. (mabuty.com)
In this method, microscopic particles of gold / tungsten are coated with the DNA of interest and bombarded onto the cells. (mcqexams.com)

When linearized pPAC-ResQ vector and P1 or PAC DNA are cotransformed into yeast, recombination between the two leads to the transfer of inserts into pPAC- ResQ. (psu.edu)

Via positional cloning, we show that mutations in a zebrafish LTCC encoding gene, cav1.3a , underlie the auditory-vestibular defects of gemini ( gem ) circler mutants. (jneurosci.org)

Three options can be used to prepare an EZ-Tn5 Transposon-digestion with Pvu II, digestion with Psh A I, or PCR amplification using the PCR primers provided with the vector. (bjzblg.com)

Anatomy23

Organisms46

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs60

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment40

Phenomena and Processes89

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science5

Health Care8

Chromosome9

Plasmid12

Genome4

Plasmids7

Recombinant9

Bacteriophage1

BACs2

Gene Cloning5

Bacteria6

Shuttle vector5

Fragment into the vector1

Coli5

Infectious4

Organisms3

Characteristics3

Genes6

YACs2

Origin of replicat1

Kilobases1

Molecule4

Biotechnology1

Replication2

Expression6

Molecular5

Transfection1

Selectable marker2

Genomic2

Murine1

Organism4

Widely2

Unique restriction sites2

Replicate2

RDNA1

Copies2

Antibiotic2

Restriction enzyme1

Experiments1

Mice3

Sequences3

Biological1

Transposons2

Functional1

Sequence3

Enzymes2

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Host4

Found3

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Multiple1

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Method4

Inserts1

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Amplification1