Cloning dolly the cloned sheep. Medical search. Frequent questions

Sir Ian Wilmut, the scientist who led the team that cloned Dolly the sheep in 1996, has died at 79. (yahoo.com)
Dolly's successful birth in 1996 marked the first time a mammal was successfully cloned from an adult cell. (yahoo.com)
Professor Sir Ian Wilmut was part of a team at the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh which successfully cloned Dolly in 1996. (stv.tv)
Wilmut, along with Keith Campbell from the animal sciences research institute in Scotland, generated news headlines and heated ethical debates in 1996 when they created Dolly, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. (cyprus-mail.com)
It was these efforts which led to the births of Megan and Morag in 1995 and Dolly in 1996," the university said in a statement. (cyprus-mail.com)
LONDON (AP) - Ian Wilmut, the cloning pioneer whose work was critical to the creation of Dolly the Sheep in 1996, has died at age 79. (wgnradio.com)
CNN)For the first time, scientists say they created cloned primates using the same complicated cloning technique that made Dolly the sheep in 1996. (cmaaa.co.za)
Dolly the Sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult derived somatic cell, was born in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
His research blossomed after he came to Roslin Institute where in a series of papers he put the intellectual framework into the method of mammalian cloning that ultimately led to the birth of Dolly in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
A year before Dolly, he successfully cloned two lambs (Megan and Morag) whose cells were taken from sheep embryos.University of EdinburghDolly's successful birth in 1996 marked the first time a mammal was successfully cloned from an adult cell. (sp1ndex.com)
She was born on 5 July 1996 and died from a progressive lung disease five months before her seventh birthday (the disease was not considered related to her being a clone) on 14 February 2003. (pooginook.com)
Dolly the sheep was famously cloned using this method in 1996. (livescience.com)
She arrived 18 years after the first mammal, Dolly the sheep in 1996. (mirror.co.uk)
It became a hot topic in 1996 when Dolly the sheep was cloned via a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. (archstl.org)
Since the 1996 birth of Dolly the sheep, the world's first cloned mammal, scientists have greatly expanded and improved on cloning techniques. (nationalgeographic.com)
Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)

A year before Dolly, he successfully cloned two lambs (Megan and Morag) whose cells were taken from sheep embryos. (yahoo.com)
At the same time, labs in a variety of countries have successfully cloned human embryos for the purpose of producing stem cells that can be used in medical therapies. (pewresearch.org)
In 2001 researchers at Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, reported that 24 successfully cloned Holsteins had been monitored from birth to the age of four. (wikipedia.org)
In 1958, John Gurdon, then at Oxford University, explained that he had successfully cloned a frog. (wikipedia.org)
In 1998, scientists in South Korea claimed to have successfully cloned a human embryo, but said the experiment was interrupted very early when the clone was just a group of four cells. (pooginook.com)
Illustration by Shinod AP] Scientists at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, UK, made history on 27th February 1997, when they successfully cloned a sheep. (pitara.com)
Chinese researchers have successfully cloned a macaque monkey fetus twice, producing sister monkeys Hua Hua and Zhong Zhong using the same basic method used to create Dolly. (engadget.com)

Dolly was the first successful cloning of a mammal from an adult somatic cell, demonstrating the viability of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (yahoo.com)
Polly, born in 1997, was the first genetically modified cloned mammal. (yahoo.com)
Twenty years ago today, the world's first clone made from the cells of an adult mammal made her public debut. (pewresearch.org)
Dolly was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell, but not the first ever sheep to be cloned. (stv.tv)
Ian led the research team that produce the first cloned mammal in Dolly. (stv.tv)
He was a titan of the scientific world, leading the Roslin Institute team who cloned Dolly the sheep - the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell - which transformed scientific thinking at the time. (stv.tv)
Dolly, named after country singer Dolly Parton, was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell, using a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (cyprus-mail.com)
This 13-minute video shows students both the scientific and cultural context surrounding Dolly, the world's first clone of an adult mammal. (retroreport.org)
How scientists created the first clone of an adult mammal. (retroreport.org)
What was embryologist Bill Ritchie's procedural method for cloning an adult mammal? (retroreport.org)
Professor Campbell was instrumental in the creation of Dolly the Sheep, the first cloned mammal, a breakthrough which paved the way for the successful cloning of many other mammal species. (nottingham.ac.uk)
His pioneering studies into cell-cycle control and cellular differentiation led to the programme of work at Roslin that gave birth to the first mammal to be cloned from adult cells - ie. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Dolly was important because she was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. (pooginook.com)
Dolly the sheep, the first mammal cloned from an adult cell, died on 14 February. (pooginook.com)

Dolly, a Finn Dorset sheep, was introduced to the public in 1997 after scientists at the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland implanted the cell nucleus from a sheep into an egg that was subsequently fertilized to create a clone. (pewresearch.org)
In February 1997 the cloning of a sheep sent shock waves around the globe and triggered fears of overreach by scientists. (retroreport.org)
Gene, the first cloned calf in the world was born in 1997 at the American Breeders Service facilities in Deforest, Wisconsin, United States. (wikipedia.org)
In 1997, Lou Hawthorne began a quest to clone Missy, his mother's beloved collie-husky cross. (newscientist.com)
WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
General Assembly the following year,3 and the World Medical Association's Resolution on Cloning, endorsed in 1997, have confronted the issue but lack binding legal force. (who.int)

The video clarifies the scientific process that led to Dolly's creation, explores how media and political leaders responded to the birth with surprise and fear, and how Dolly influenced the ongoing debate over the use of human embryos in stem cell research. (retroreport.org)
How public and political anxiety over cloning in the late 1990s led to decades of debate over the use of human embryos. (retroreport.org)
It was reported that 29 embryos were successfully created, and subsequently implanted into 13 surrogate mothers, but Dolly was the only pregnancy that went to full term. (pooginook.com)
There currently is no solid scientific evidence that anyone has cloned human embryos. (pooginook.com)
It took 127 eggs and 79 embryos to get these results, and it still required a fetus to work (Dolly was cloned from an adult). (engadget.com)
Cloned embryos can be planted into women's bodies to produce babies. (iloveindia.com)
Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)
The developing embryos were transplanted into a female sheep (the surrogate mother), where they developed naturally. (msdmanuals.com)
One of the embryos survived, and the resulting lamb was named Dolly. (msdmanuals.com)
Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)

Portrait of Sir Ian Wilmut, the cloner of Dolly the sheep. (yahoo.com)
Wilmut moved to the University of Edinburgh the following decade, focusing on using cloning to make stem cells for regenerative medicine. (yahoo.com)
Prof Wilmut hoped cloning would mean no species became extinct - but Dolly also helped to pioneer stem cell research. (stv.tv)
British scientist Ian Wilmut, whose research was central to the creation of the cloned animal, Dolly the Sheep, has died at the age of 79, the University of Edinburgh said on Monday. (cyprus-mail.com)
Ian Wilmut, the cloning pioneer whose research was critical to the creation of Dolly the Sheep, has died, the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh said Monday. (wgnradio.com)
Wilmut set off a global discussion about the ethics of cloning when he announced that his team at the university's Roslin Institute for animal biosciences had cloned a lamb using the nucleus of a cell from an adult sheep. (wgnradio.com)
Wilmut, a trained embryologist, later focused on using cloning techniques to make stem cells that could be used in regenerative medicine. (wgnradio.com)
Professor Sir Ian Wilmut, who worked with Professor Campbell on the creation of Dolly the Sheep, said: "Always cheerful and friendly, Keith will be greatly missed by all of his friends and colleagues. (nottingham.ac.uk)
20 Years Since 'Dolly' Dolly with Professor Sir Ian Wilmut, who led the research which produced her. (pooginook.com)

1 No one has ever cloned a human being , though scientists have cloned animals other than Dolly , including dogs, pigs, cows, horses and cats. (pewresearch.org)
Scientists named Dolly after singer Dolly Parton, because she was cloned using a cell from the mammary gland of a six-year-old Dorset Finn ewe, and she was kept a secret for the first months of her life. (stv.tv)
Dolly's creation triggered fears of human reproductive cloning, or producing genetic copies of living or dead people, but mainstream scientists have ruled this out as far too dangerous. (cyprus-mail.com)
The lamb's cloning was the first time scientists were able to coax a mature adult cell into behaving like a cell from a newly fertilized embryo in order to create a genetically identical animal. (wgnradio.com)
Dolly's creation prompted other scientists to clone animals including dogs, cats, horses and bulls. (wgnradio.com)
In recent years, scientists have proposed bringing back the woolly mammoth by using a mix of gene editing and cloning. (wgnradio.com)
Dolly's creation was part of a broader project by scientists to create genetically modified sheep that could produce therapeutic proteins in their milk. (wgnradio.com)
So when scientists suspected she had short telomeres-stretches of DNA that normally shorten with age-people wondered if it was because she was cloned from an adult cell. (viagenpets.com)
Scientists in 1999 created Tetra, a rhesus monkey, but used what researchers consider a simpler cloning method that produces a more limited number of off spring. (cmaaa.co.za)
When scientists made Dolly the sheep, years after she was born they used the same cell cluster to make four other sheep clones. (cmaaa.co.za)
Speed while performing the procedure helped, they learned, and scientists discovered clones created out of cells from fetal tissue did better than when they used adult cells. (cmaaa.co.za)
In 2001, scientists at Texas A&M University created the first cloned cat, CC (CopyCat). (wikipedia.org)
In May 2010, Got became the first cloned Spanish Fighting Bull, cloned by Spanish scientists. (wikipedia.org)
In July 2016 scientists at the National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza in Chachapoyas, Peru cloned a Jersey cattle by handmade cloning method using cells of an ear of a cow. (wikipedia.org)
Scientists have cloned organisms before, generally by injecting the nucleus of a donor cell into an egg whose own DNA has been removed. (livescience.com)
1. Cloning is an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. (who.int)
Ever since cloning produced Dolly the sheep , scientists have copied a slew of mammals ranging from dogs to ponies. (engadget.com)
As such, monkey cloning may be limited to medical research, where having more than one monkey with the same genes could help scientists compare the results of treatments or test under specific conditions. (engadget.com)
Should scientists seek to clone our ancient hominid cousins? (nationalgeographic.com)
Starting with an intact cell (fresh or frozen) of the animal they'd like to clone, scientists first remove the nucleus, where DNA resides, and insert it into a hollowed-out egg cell of the same or a related species. (nationalgeographic.com)
Although scientists regularly swear that reproductive cloning is unethical because it is unsafe, almost none of them grasp the nettle of whether it would be ethical if it were safe. (bioedge.org)
Having seen the deformities which afflict cloned animals, scientists feel that it would be cruel to create a cloned human. (bioedge.org)
A cloned species may not know how to react to viruses and other destructive agents as scientists cannot predict such potential developments. (iloveindia.com)
The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)

Quiz Four of Dolly the sheep's clones have turned nine. (abc.net.au)
That is because unlike other sheep's, Dolly was not born in the usual manner. (pitara.com)

Specifically, many wondered: If they're doing sheep now, how long until they clone humans? (yahoo.com)
3 Americans are divided as to whether humans will be cloned in the near future. (pewresearch.org)
5 Fewer Americans are concerned with cloning animals than with the prospect of cloning humans , according to the same 2016 Gallup survey . (pewresearch.org)
Dolly also spurred questions about the potential cloning of humans and extinct species. (wgnradio.com)
Those fears led President Clinton to ban the use of federal funds for cloning humans. (retroreport.org)
Gurdon's results surprised the scientific community and stirred talk of the possibility of cloning other animals, including humans. (ed.ac.uk)
Even those who focused more on the natural world than supernatural ones worried about the potential for making "designer humans" or something out of The Island of Dr. Moreau.While Dolly proved that cells could be used to create a copy of the animal they came from, Wilmut's next experiment proved that they could also be altered. (sp1ndex.com)
Can humans clone? (pooginook.com)
The Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning In the year that has elapsed since the announcement of Dolly's birth, there has been much discussion of the ethical implications of cloning humans. (bartleby.com)
However, the idea of cloning humans is a highly charged topic. (bartleby.com)
Cloning can also make it possible to alter genetic constituents in cloned humans, so as to simplify their analysis of genes. (iloveindia.com)
However, such simple techniques do not work with higher animals, such as sheep or humans. (msdmanuals.com)
Studies suggest that cloned higher animals (and thus humans) are more likely to have serious or fatal genetic defects than normally conceived offspring. (msdmanuals.com)

Initially referred to as "6LL3" in the academic paper describing the work, the lamb was later named Dolly, after the singer Dolly Parton. (wgnradio.com)
After achieving success as a songwriter for others, Dolly Parton made her album debut in 1967, with her album Hello, I'm Dolly . (radioswisspop.ch)
However, in the new millennium, Parton achieved commercial success again and has released albums on independent labels since 2000, including albums on her own label, Dolly Records. (radioswisspop.ch)
Dolly Rebecca Parton was born January 19, 1946, in Locust Ridge, a remote area in rural Sevier County, Tennessee. (radioswisspop.ch)

Dolly's debut set off a firestorm about both the practical value and ethics of cloning, including the possibility of human cloning. (pewresearch.org)
The year after Dolly's creation, U.S. President Bill Clinton imposed a ban on the use of federal funds for human cloning but stopped short of banning all cloning research. (wgnradio.com)
As the first animal cloned from an adult cell, Dolly's birth was a scientific accomplishment that was compared to putting a man on the moon. (retroreport.org)
Several decades before Dolly's birth, what other animal had been cloned? (retroreport.org)
Why was Dolly's arrival such an important breakthrough in cloning? (retroreport.org)
Then last year, Kevin Sinclair, a developmental biologist at the University of Nottingham, published a paper about several clones including Dolly's four "sisters," who were created from the same cell line as Dolly and lived to the old age of eight (about 70 in human years). (viagenpets.com)
Inspired by Dolly's creation, father-of-one Lou dedicated his life to cloning after his mother said she couldn't imagine life without faithful pet Missy. (mirror.co.uk)

We had the dubious distinction of having produced the world's first clone that did not resemble its genetic donor . (newscientist.com)

Part of the reason is that cloning can introduce profound genetic errors , which can result in early and painful death. (pewresearch.org)
In 2004, the first commercially cloned cat, Little Nicky, was created by Genetic Savings & Clone. (wikipedia.org)
There he continued his research on the cloning and genetic modification of livestock. (nottingham.ac.uk)
So the action switched to your company, Genetic Savings and Clone. (newscientist.com)
A third view says that cloning will provide for the possibility of improvement by giving birth to children who are free of birth defects, because when any two people create a child through sex there is the possibility for genetic defects. (bartleby.com)
However, since clones are the exact replicas of someone already alive, their genetic dispositions will have already surfaced. (bartleby.com)
A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
In theory, this makes human cloning more realistic given the genetic similarities between monkeys and our own species. (engadget.com)
In simple terms, cloning can be understood as production of genetic copies which can develop genetically identical human organisms. (iloveindia.com)
A cloned organism, or group of organisms, is composed or cloned using the exact genetic material as the original organism(s). (iloveindia.com)
A wide range of genetic diseases can be averted through cloning. (iloveindia.com)
Genetic alteration of plants and animals can also be enabled by cloning. (iloveindia.com)
Since cloning creates identical genes and it is a process of replicating a complete genetic constitution, it can significantly hamper the much needed DNA diversity in human beings. (iloveindia.com)
In the now-famous "Dolly" experiments, cells from a sheep (donor cells) were fused with unfertilized sheep eggs from another sheep (recipient cells) from which the natural genetic material was removed by microsurgery. (msdmanuals.com)
As expected, Dolly was an exact genetic copy of the original sheep from which the donor cells were taken, not of the sheep that provided the eggs. (msdmanuals.com)
Most natural cloning occurs in those species that produce their descendants asexually, that is, without combining the male and female genetic material. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)

However, his results and improved methods inspired researchers at The Roslin Institute to use nuclear transfer to clone sheep and produce Dolly the Sheep, the first animal to be cloned from an adult cell. (ed.ac.uk)
He then moved to PPLTherapeutics, the company that was spun out from Roslin Institute, where that procedure and his expertise led to the birth of cloned and genetically modified sheep, pigs and cattle. (nottingham.ac.uk)
It's a rather fatuous use of the technology," said Dr Harry Griffin, director of the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, which produced Dolly. (pooginook.com)
Her caretakers at the Roslin Institute in Scotland euthanized the 6-year-old sheep after diagnosing an incurable lung tumor. (pooginook.com)

This led to the development of therapeutic cloning as a source for genetically matching replacement cells for patients with degenerative diseases. (ed.ac.uk)
However, therapeutic cloning depends on the availability of human eggs, which are in very limited supply. (ed.ac.uk)
Under the AHR Act, it is illegal to knowingly create a human clone, regardless of the purpose, including therapeutic and reproductive cloning. (pooginook.com)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
Therapeutic cloning possesses enormous potential for revolutionizing medical and thera- peutic techniques. (who.int)
This is therapeutic cloning. (who.int)
This cell then has therapeutic cloning: the global the capacity to divide and grow into an exact replica of the original from whom the debate somatic cell was taken. (who.int)

A clone is a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual. (msdmanuals.com)
Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)
Beyond this scientific interest, the commercial concern in animal cloning focuses on replicating large numbers of genetically identical animals, especially those derived from a progenitor that has been modified genetically. (who.int)

Is Dolly an exact clone of the nucleus donor? (retroreport.org)
What are epigenetic factors that could cause Dolly to be different from the nucleus donor? (retroreport.org)
When the nucleus of a stem cell has been the technique of cloning. (who.int)
The basic techniques of of the implanted nucleus, when it fully cloning have been known for some time, and develops. (who.int)

In a 2013 Pew Research Center poll , half of all adults surveyed (50%) said that by 2050 researchers will be able to use cloning to bring back extinct species, with 48% predicting such a development won't occur. (pewresearch.org)
Japanese researchers plan to resurrect the long-extinct mammoth by using cloning technology to bring the ancient pachyderm back to life in around five years time, according to a report. (abc.net.au)
In the case of Hua Hua and Zhong Zhong, researchers used modern technology developed only in the last couple of years to enhance the technique used to clone Dolly, which is called somatic cell transfer, or SCNT. (cmaaa.co.za)
The Korean researchers cloned the first dog in 2005, before you shut down. (newscientist.com)
In 2003, researchers in Spain were the first to bring back an extinct species -the Pyrenean ibex, a wild mountain goat also called a bucardo-though the clone only lived for a few minutes. (nationalgeographic.com)
Technologies used in cloning can also serve a useful purpose for the researchers in genetics. (iloveindia.com)

That honour belongs to another sheep which was cloned from an embryo cell and born in 1984 in Cambridge, UK. (pooginook.com)
That's why Father Pacholczyk, director of education at the National Catholic Bioethics Center in Philadelphia, said that the efforts to help people understand the immorality of embryo reserch, including human cloning, must focus on humanizing the issue and appreciating our own embryonic origins, not just on the desired results of embryonic or other types of stem-cell research. (archstl.org)
Also, cloning can make it possible to reproduce a certain desirable trait in human beings through the cloned embryo. (iloveindia.com)

Together, Gurdon's and the Dolly team's successes introduced the concept of reprogramming the DNA of specialized cells to be able to make new organisms or new stem cells. (ed.ac.uk)
With the realization that cloning of living organisms is possible, debate ensued over its pros and cons. (iloveindia.com)

Cloned cows that produce 'humanised' milk have been met with limited enthusiasm. (abc.net.au)
Although the simple use of the word 'clone' may have negative connotations, many people have resigned themselves to the idea of cloning cows that produce more milk or using a cloned mouse for use in controlled experimentation. (bartleby.com)

While they succeeded in obtaining cloned macaques, the numbers are too low to make many conclusions, except that it remains a very inefficient and hazardous procedure,' said Robin Lovell-Badge, an embryologist and head of the Division of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics at the Francis Crick Institute. (cmaaa.co.za)
Inevitably most people will remember him for Dolly the sheep although his recent work was focused on fundamental and applied stem cell research as a tool for the study of human disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
A decade later, cloning came to the forefront in Missouri with the narrow passage of Amendment 2, a ballot initiative in 2006 that constitutionally protects embryonic stem-cell research and human cloning. (archstl.org)
It starts with a healthy cell of a closely related species-cloning a Neanderthal, for example, could start with a stem cell from a modern human. (nationalgeographic.com)
However, it appears that the ability of the In its simplest form, cloning is defined stem cells to transform is limited, except as the exact replication of cells. (who.int)

The birth of these clones also brings up ethical issues. (cmaaa.co.za)
Several authors have attempted to outline some of the ethical objections to cloning while at the same time minimizing the role religion plays in this debate. (bartleby.com)
The arrival of these clones caused a huge ethical and scientific row. (mirror.co.uk)
Even if a clone did survive, the ethical dilemmas of raising a Neanderthal would be complicated. (nationalgeographic.com)
Ever since cloning became a possibility, its pros and cons have been fervently debated over on moral, ethical and technical grounds. (iloveindia.com)
On the moral and ethical front as well, cloning raises several serious questions. (iloveindia.com)
Cloning technology, however, is perceived as having the potential for reproductive cloning, which raises serious ethical and moral concerns. (who.int)

4 The public is divided about the prospect of using cloning to bring back to life species of animals that are currently extinct , such as the carrier pigeon or even the woolly mammoth. (pewresearch.org)
In 1958, Gurdon showed otherwise by making clones using specialised cells from the intestines of tadpoles of a different species ( Xenopus laevis ). (ed.ac.uk)
The SCNT technique has worked to create about 20 different animals including frogs, mice, rabbits, pigs, cows and even dogs, but there have been 'numerous attempts to clone non-human primate species, but they all failed,' said Mumming Poo, an author on the paper. (cmaaa.co.za)

2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
People wishing to reproduce by cloning should be able to do so, provided that there is no reasonable alternative, and trials of HRC [human reproductive cloning] as an experimental medical procedure should not be prohibited. (bioedge.org)
As one of a portfolio of techniques for artificial reproduction, reproductive cloning could be useful in at least two circumstances. (bioedge.org)
Reproductive cloning versus germ cell (egg, ovum). (who.int)
Elaboration of an international convention against reproductive cloning of human beings has been under consideration in the United Nations since December 2001 when the subject was included in the agenda of the fifty- sixth session as a supplementary agenda item at the request of France and Germany. (who.int)

A Holstein heifer named Daisy was cloned by Dr. Xiangzhong (Jerry) Yang using ear skin cells from a high-merit cow named Aspen at the University of Connecticut in 1999, followed by three additional clones, Amy, Betty, and Cathy in 1999. (wikipedia.org)

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. (bartleby.com)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)

A type of cloning that occurs naturally is when identical twins are born ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
To the naked eye, the cloned dogs look identical but, on close examination, markings vary. (mirror.co.uk)
The term "clone", from the Greek word for twig, denotes a group of identical entities. (who.int)
In sexual reproduction, clones are created when a fertilized egg splits to produce identical (monozygous) twins with identical genomes. (who.int)

Sooam Biotech, Korea cloned eight coyotes in 2011 using domestic dogs as surrogate mothers. (wikipedia.org)

While Dolly proved that cells could be used to create a copy of the animal they came from, Wilmut's next experiment proved that they could also be altered. (yahoo.com)
Polly was Wilmut's last cloning experiment. (yahoo.com)
He said the legacy of Wilmut's work in cloning Dolly continues to be seen. (wgnradio.com)

By allowing man to interfere with genetics in human beings, cloning raises a concerning probability of deliberate reproduction of undesirable traits in human beings, if so desired. (iloveindia.com)

This involved taking a sheep egg, removing its DNA and replacing it with DNA from a frozen udder cell of a sheep that died years before. (cyprus-mail.com)
Dolly the sheep was the first animal to be cloned from an adult cell, and like many firsts, she came to stand in for all of her kind. (viagenpets.com)
Research findings, published in Nature Communications, show that the four clones derived from the same cell line - genomic copies of Dolly - reached their 8th birthdays in good health. (nottingham.ac.uk)
If you clone from one cell type, it will give a black and white cat. (newscientist.com)
If you clone from the other cell type, you'll get an orange and white cat. (newscientist.com)
In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
Whether a cell used for a clone produces a specific type of tissue, a specific organ, or an entire organism depends on the potential of the cell-that is, how highly the cell has developed into a particular type of tissue. (msdmanuals.com)

Why was it more challenging to clone mammals than it was to clone a frog? (retroreport.org)

There has been overwhelming opposition to human cloning since 2001. (pewresearch.org)
A purebred Hereford calf clone named Chloe was born in 2001 at Kansas State University's purebred research unit. (wikipedia.org)
Millie and Emma were two female Jersey cows cloned at the University of Tennessee in 2001. (wikipedia.org)
In 2001, Brazil cloned their first heifer, Vitória. (wikipedia.org)

2 Eight-in-ten American adults (81%) say cloning a human being is not morally acceptable, according to a May 2016 Gallup poll . (pewresearch.org)
Just 13% of adults in 2016 say cloning is morally acceptable. (pewresearch.org)

Pampa, a Jersey calf, was the first animal cloned in Argentina (by the company Bio Sidus) in 2002. (wikipedia.org)
On Dec. 27, 2002, Brigitte Boisselier held a press conference in Florida, announcing the birth of the first human clone, called Eve. (pooginook.com)
But in 2002 the Texans did produce Cc, the first cloned cat . (newscientist.com)

Conceptual artist Jonathon Keats is giving everyone the chance to become the Christian messiah - and a number of other historical personages and celebrities as well - through his Epigenetic Cloning Agency, which opens a new branch at a Berlin gallery today (May 31). (livescience.com)
To be clear: The Epigenetic Cloning Agency is an art project whose concoctions are meant to inspire thought and conversation about the nature of identity and the march of scientific progress, not actually turn you into someone else. (livescience.com)
But epigenetic cloning takes a different tack, seeking to alter how a customer's genes are expressed rather than swapping out his or her entire genome. (livescience.com)
For example, the recipe for becoming Jesus Christ includes, among other things, some basic components of the Mediterranean diet of the time and substantial doses of omega-3 fatty acids (he likely ate a lot of fish), Keats told LiveScience back in October at the opening of the San Francisco branch of the Epigenetic Cloning Agency. (livescience.com)
The Epigenetic Cloning Agency's Berlin branch will be offering several other tinctures in addition to the Jesus mixture, including Napoleon Bonaparte, Queen Elizabeth I, Lady Gaga , swimmer Michael Phelps and Angela Merkel, the current chancellor of Germany. (livescience.com)
The Epigenetic Cloning Agency is willing to tailor tinctures to their customers' desires, and it will even take a stab at fictional characters such as Sherlock Holmes if asked to do so. (livescience.com)

In 2019, the first Chinese commercially cloned cat, Garlic, was created by Sinogene Biotechnology. (wikipedia.org)
The book is separated into three chapters covering biotechnology, animal cloning and human cloning. (progress.org.uk)
Whilst it is targeted at 14-18 year olds, 'Biotechnology and Cloning' assumes a high level of knowledge on an ambitious range of hard to grasp topics, none of which are directly explained in the book. (progress.org.uk)
Buy Biotechnology and Cloning from Amazon UK . (progress.org.uk)

Can Dolly the sheep reproduce? (pooginook.com)

Cloning can also provide a viable solution to infertility in human beings. (iloveindia.com)

While his tadpoles matured to fully functioning adult frogs at the time, subsequent experiments trying to clone frogs using fully adult cells only produced tadpoles that did not mature. (ed.ac.uk)

However, cloning need not only be used to create a whole organism. (msdmanuals.com)

A Javan banteng calf was cloned from frozen cells using a cow as a surrogate, delivered via c-section on April 1, 2003, then hand raised at the San Diego Wild Animal Parks Infant Isolation Unit. (wikipedia.org)

Three more cloned calves were born in 1998. (wikipedia.org)

Dolly was a perfectly normal sheep who became the mother of numerous normal lambs. (pooginook.com)

Today, this unconventional biotech entrepreneur shares his home with three Missy clones - Mira and her younger sisters, Chingu and Sarang - thanks to a link-up with South Korea's disgraced cloning expert Woo Suk Hwang . (newscientist.com)
How did the project to clone Missy come about? (newscientist.com)
Tell us about the initial attempts to clone Missy at Texas A&M University. (newscientist.com)

To give you an idea how hard this was, Dolly (initially identified as 6LL3) was the only lamb born alive from 277 attempts! (pooginook.com)

In 2000, Texas A&M University cloned a Black Angus bull named 86 Squared, after cells from his donor, Bull 86, had been frozen for 15 years. (wikipedia.org)

He strived to create modified sheep that would produce milk with proteins that could treat human diseases. (yahoo.com)
In this fashion, mice or other laboratory animals that exhibit particular traits can be created for specialized studies, or herds of farm animals (such as goats, sheep or cows) can be created that produce pharmaceutically useful proteins in their milk. (who.int)

Tributes have been paid to the scientist who led the team which cloned Dolly the sheep 27 years ago after he died at the age of 79. (stv.tv)
They had been working for years to find a process to use clone cells in developing drugs and therapies to fight deadly diseases. (retroreport.org)
It's been 20 years since Dolly. (retroreport.org)
She lived to six and a half years, when she was eventually put down after a contagious disease spread through her flock, infecting cloned and normally reproduced sheep alike. (pooginook.com)
Sadly, in 2003 Dolly died prematurely at the age of 6.5 years after contracting ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma, a form of lung cancer common in sheep that is caused by the retrovirus JSRV. (pooginook.com)
After nearly 10 years, you still hadn't cloned a dog. (newscientist.com)
Cloning (the producing of clones) has been commonplace for many years in agriculture. (msdmanuals.com)

Briggs and King were the first to perform cloning by nuclear transfer using eggs and cells from the Northern Leopard Frog, Rana pipiens . (ed.ac.uk)
Although these experiments were successful when Briggs and King used unspecialised cells, they found that they could not make cloned frogs when they used more specialised cells. (ed.ac.uk)
One puppy was cloned from the cells of a dog that had died 12 days before. (wikipedia.org)
This paper outlines the debates prompted through a reproduction mechanism involv- by progress in cloning research, with special ing male and female germ cells. (who.int)

In a 2010 Pew Research Center survey , 48% of adults said that a human being would definitely or probably be cloned by 2050, compared with 49% who said such an event would not happen. (pewresearch.org)
An Anatolian Grey bull (Efe) was cloned in Turkey in 2009 and four female calves from the same breed (Ece, Ecem, Nilüfer, Kiraz) in 2010 by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK). (wikipedia.org)
A Boran cattle bull was cloned at the International Livestock Research Institute in Nairobi. (wikipedia.org)
Then, at age 5 - middle age, for a sheep living the good life in a research facility - Dolly developed osteoarthritis. (pooginook.com)

Creating a human by cloning is widely seen as unethical, is illegal in many countries, and is technically difficult. (msdmanuals.com)

Nottingham's Dollies - Debbie, Denise, Dianna and Daisy - have proved cloned sheep can live long and healthy lives. (nottingham.ac.uk)

He led efforts to develop cloning, or nuclear transfer, techniques that could be used to make genetically modified sheep. (cyprus-mail.com)

Writing in the current issue of the Journal of Medical Ethics, D. Elsner, of the University of Melbourne, argues that the right to reproductive freedom outweighs the possible harm done to cloned childen. (bioedge.org)

At $50,000 a pet, there are unlikely to be huge numbers of cloned cats in the near future. (pooginook.com)
We had cloned seven cats, four for paying clients. (newscientist.com)

Organisms3

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Phenomena and Processes6

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

199616

Successfully cloned7

Mammal14

19976

Embryos10

Wilmut9

Scientists24

Sheep's2

Humans13

Parton4

Dolly's7

World's first clone1

Genetic18

Roslin Institute4

Therapeutic7

Genetically identical3

Nucleus4

Researchers6

Embryo3

Organisms2

Cows that produce2

Stem5

Ethical7

Species3

Reproductive Cloning8

19991

Somatic cell nuc2

Identical4

Surrogate mothers1

Wilmut's3

Genetics1

Cell7

Mammals1

20014

20162

20023

Epigenetic6

Biotechnology4

Reproduce1

Human beings1

Adult cells1

Organism1

Animal1

19981

Lambs1

Missy3

Lamb1

Donor1

Milk2

Years7

Cells4

Research4

Unethical1

Daisy1

Nuclear1

Ethics1

Cats2