DexmedetomidineClonidineMedetomidineAdrenergic alpha-AgonistsAdrenergic alpha-2 Receptor AgonistsHypnotics and SedativesReceptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2ImidazolesAdjuvants, AnesthesiaConscious SedationAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticPreanesthetic MedicationAdrenergic alpha-AntagonistsImidazoline ReceptorsSympatholyticsIdazoxanYohimbineAdrenergic alpha-2 Receptor AntagonistsInjections, SpinalAnalgesicsShiveringDioxanesHemodynamicsMidazolamDose-Response Relationship, DrugAlfentanilReceptors, Adrenergic, alphaFentanylDeep SedationHeart RateDouble-Blind MethodPremedicationAirway ExtubationGuanfacinePsychomotor AgitationInfusions, IntravenousBlood PressurePropofolLocus CoeruleusConsciousness MonitorsNorepinephrineAnesthetics, LocalDrug InteractionsPrazosinAnesthesia Recovery PeriodAnalgesiaAnalgesics, OpioidAdjuvants, PharmaceuticAnesthesia, IntravenousMorphinePain, PostoperativeAnesthesia, GeneralBupivacaineRats, Sprague-DawleyPain MeasurementAnesthetics, InhalationAnestheticsAnalgesia, EpiduralAnesthetics, IntravenousDeliriumAdrenergic alpha-1 Receptor AgonistsInjections, Intravenous