• We mapped clones representing 12-fold coverage and encompassing more than 95% of annotated genes onto the reference genome. (nih.gov)
  • These clones can be integrated into predetermined attP sites in the genome using UC31 integrase to rescue mutations. (nih.gov)
  • The production, manipulation and rescue of a bacterial artificial chromosome clone of Vaccinia virus (VAC-BAC) in order to expedite construction of expression vectors and mutagenesis of the genome has been described (Domi & Moss, 2002, PNAS99 12415-20). (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this study, these difficulties were overcome by cloning the entire AlHV-1 genome as a stable, infectious and pathogenic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Cloning and mutagenesis of the murine gammaherpesvirus 68 genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Researchers can choose a vector also considering the ideal insert size to find the desired number of clones necessary for full genome coverage. (wikipedia.org)
  • The genome was confirmed to comprise eight chromosomes (chromosomes 1-8 in decreasing size), the assignment of which is different from a previous report 7 ( Supplementary Table S1 and schematic drawing in Supplementary Fig. S1 ). (nature.com)
  • Two general strategies have been used in the sequencing of large genomes: clone-based sequencing and whole genome sequencing (Fig. 1). (learner.org)
  • One special type of plasmid used for genome sequencing is a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) , which can contain DNA fragments of about 150 kb. (learner.org)
  • For this purpose, the VP2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was cloned into CVRM genome by recombination. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • The objective of work presented by Sanjay M. Reddy of Texas A&M University was to evaluate potential cloning sites in the HVT genome for stable expression of foreign genes. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Genome skimming coupled by PacBio HiFi sequencing of a bacterial artificial chromosome clone derived from flow-sorted nuclei was used to characterise the alien 45S rDNA. (cas.cz)
  • The sequence-tagged connector (STC) strategy proposes to generate sequence tags densely scattered (every 3.3 kilobases) across the human genome by arraying 450,000 bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) with randomly cleaved inserts, sequencing both ends of each, and preparing a restriction enzyme fingerprint of each. (jcvi.org)
  • By reiterating this "sequence-then-map by computer analysis against the STC database" strategy, a minimum tiling path of clones can be sequenced at a rate that is primarily limited by the sequencing throughput of individual genome centers. (jcvi.org)
  • Because the STC resource permits the easy integration of genetic, physical, gene, and sequence maps for chromosomes, it will be a powerful tool for the initial analysis of the human genome and other complex genomes. (jcvi.org)
  • Abstract: '[Researchers] have determined the nucleotide sequence of nearly all of the approximately 120-megabase euchromatic portion of the Drosophila genome using a whole-genome shotgun sequencing strategy supported by extensive clone-based sequence and a high-quality bacterial artificial chromosome physical map. (harvard.edu)
  • P. 2194 middle column 2nd paragraph: 'Genome assembly relied on the use of several types of data, including clone-based sequence, whole-genome sequence from libraries with three insert sizes [2 kb, 10 kb, and 130 kb], and a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC)-based sequence-tagged site (STS) content map. (harvard.edu)
  • Artificial bacterial chromosomes are often used to sequence the genomes of organisms in various projects, such as the Human Genome project. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • In earlier studies we cloned the full length genome of a virulent MDV strain, GX0101, into a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and reconstituted the infectious virus, bac-GX0101. (biomedcentral.com)
  • repetitive sequence elements in the members had been in contact with bacterial genome have shown con- patients for several hours. (who.int)
  • The genomic BAC clone was 'rescued' back to infectious virus using a Fowlpox virus helper to supply transcriptional machinery. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Bacterial artificial chromosome clones have been isolated from a trout library to further facilitate genomic characterization. (usda.gov)
  • Bacterial artificial chromosome vector carrying a genomic DNA insert, typically 100-200 kb. (aporc.org)
  • It also illustrates the power of the STC strategy for creating minimum tiling paths of BAC clones for large-scale genomic sequencing. (jcvi.org)
  • Cloning vectors (Cloning vehicles) are used for creating genomic libraries, preparing probes, genetic engineering, or other basic studies. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Due to their global dissemination and public health impact, genomic surveillance of the spread of convergent high-risk K1-ST23 K. pneumoniae clones should be highly prioritized. (bvsalud.org)
  • LB Broth (Lennox) has been used for culturing Escherichia coli and bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs). (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The STC resource, containing end sequences, fingerprints, and arrayed BACs, creates a map where the interrelationships of the individual BAC clones are resolved through their STCs as overlapping BAC clones are sequenced. (jcvi.org)
  • Distribution and expression of the genes on chromosome 1. (nature.com)
  • Methods We selected bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones harboring key IGC genes from public and private libraries and sequenced the inserts with long-read sequencing technologies. (usda.gov)
  • The numerous microsatellites will facilitate integration of the linkage and physical maps and serve as valuable resource for fine mapping QTL and positional cloning of genes affecting aquaculture production traits. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The vectors of this series contain genes of the moderate bacteriophage P1, which ensure replication of the phage chromosome in infected bacterial cells. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • Recent progresses in BAC cloning and mutagenesis technology make it possible to identify specific genes important for MDV replication and oncogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cloned genes in these vectors are not expected to express themselves at the transcription or translation level. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • For fast knockouts or modifications of genes on the E.coli chromosome. (biosave.com)
  • In addition, K-2157 harbored two plasmids: one of 113,644 bp (KPC+) and another of 230,602 bp, containing virulence genes, in addition to an integrative and conjugative element (ICE) embedded on its chromosome, revealing that the presence of these mobile genetic elements mediates the convergence between virulence and antibiotic resistance. (bvsalud.org)
  • Most viral vectors also carry a marker that allows clones containing an insert to be distinguished from those that do not have an insert. (wikipedia.org)
  • These vectors generally have a selectable marker allowing the differentiation of clones containing an insert from those that do not. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have engineered a vector, pPAC-ResQ, a derivative of pClasper, which was previously used to capture inserts from yeast artificial chromosome clones, pPAC-ResQ contains DNA fragments flanking the inserts in P1 and PAC vectors as recombinogenic ends. (psu.edu)
  • Any DNA molecule that has the ability to replicate inside the host to which the desired gene is integrated for cloning- include plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, BAC, yeast vectors, shuttle vectors etc. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Cloning vectors are used for obtaining millions of copies of the cloned DNA fragments. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • The most important requirement for recombinant DNA technology is the cloning vector and expression vectors. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Cosmids are the novel cloning vectors which possess properties of both plasmid and phage. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Cosmid can be defined as the hybrid vectors derived from plasmids that contain cos site of phage which is essential for packaging of nucleic acid into protein coat plus essential features of plasmids and several unique restriction sites for the insertion of DNA to be cloned. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Suitable for non-selective cultivation of E. coli strains for cloning, DNA plasmid production and production of recombinant proteins. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • However, unlike the bacteriophage, which, during a latent (lysogenic) state, integrates its chromosome into the chromosome of the host bacteriophage, the P1 phage maintains the chromosome in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells in the form of a circular covalently closed molecule resembling a plasmid, the size of which is 100 kbp. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is a vector system based on the E. coli F-plasmid, cos sites of the lambda phage and loxP of the P1 phage, used for cloning long (150-350 kbp) DNA sequences. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • A similar vector system called PAC (p1-derived artificial chromosome) was made on the basis of a bacterial P1 plasmid from the DNA of the P1 phage. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • First artificial cloning vector (1977) constructed by Boliver & Rodriguez from E .coli plasmid. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • To be able to directly compare the impact of the PC on the levels of neutralizing antibody (NT-abs) responses, a PC-positive variant of the HCMV laboratory strain Towne was established by bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) mutagenesis (Towne-UL130rep). (asm.org)
  • Recombination-mediated genetic engineering of a bacterial artificial chromosome clone of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA). (ox.ac.uk)
  • The mecA gene is carried as a mobile genetic element in a staphylococcal chromosome cassette (SCC), with the entire complex known as the SCCmec element. (medscape.com)
  • Bacteria can acquire resistance through several mechanisms, such as mutations of their chromosome and by acquiring the genetic code to destroy certain antibiotics. (cdc.gov)
  • Using a host cell to carry the vector allows for easy amplification and retrieval of specific clones from the library for analysis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The separated fragments can then be excised and cloned into the vector separately. (wikipedia.org)
  • The entire set of fragments must be cloned together with the vector, and separation of clones can occur after. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have developed a method to capture inserts from P1 and P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) clones into a yeast-bacteria shuttle vector by using recombinogenic targeting. (psu.edu)
  • To overcome the difficulties arising when using artificial yeast chromosomes, alternative vector systems have been designed, among which the most popular at present are systems based on artificial chromosomes of bacteria - BAC. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • What is a cloning vector? (biologyexams4u.com)
  • A vector used to clone DNA fragments of 100-300 kb insert size in E.coli cells. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • YAC (Yeast Artificial Chromosome): A vector of hundreds to kilobases long used for cloning of DNA fragment. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • It is a 4362 kb long widely used cloning vector. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • We constructed Drosophila melanogaster bacterial artificial chromosome libraries with 21-kilobase and 83-kilobase inserts in the P[acman] system. (nih.gov)
  • These changes have been studied and characterized through the use of many tools and experimental approaches but perhaps most effectively through applications for bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries. (harvard.edu)
  • Here, we review studies of sex chromosome evolution in amniotes and the ways in which the field of research has been affected by the advent of BAC libraries. (harvard.edu)
  • pPAC-ResQ clones thus obtained can be further modified in yeast for functional analysis and shuttled to Escherichia coli to produce large quantities of cloned DNA. (psu.edu)
  • So that it features which are useful for molecular cloning experiments. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • The size of individual BAC clone inserts ranges from 30 kb to 280 kb with an average size of 107 kb. (tamu.edu)
  • One first constructs a map of the chromosomes, marking them at regular intervals of about 100 kilobases (kb). (learner.org)
  • This insertion allowed the production of an AlHV-1 BAC clone stably maintained in bacteria and able to regenerate virions when transfected into permissive cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • has been identified as the 2nd most consensus (ERIC) sequences which · 60 environmental samples were tak- frequent organism causing ventilator- are common to Gram-negative enteric en throughout the ICU, including associated pneumonia, the 4th most bacteria [11,12]. (who.int)
  • Via positional cloning, we show that mutations in a zebrafish LTCC encoding gene, cav1.3a , underlie the auditory-vestibular defects of gemini ( gem ) circler mutants. (jneurosci.org)
  • In this study, the bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone of a MDV field strain GX0101 was used as the platform to generate mutant MDV to examine the functional roles of 1.8-kb mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Strain K-2157 exhibited resistance to carbapenems and was identified as a high-risk virulent clone belonging to capsular serotype K1 and sequence type 23 (ST23). (bvsalud.org)
  • In clone-based sequencing (also known as hierarchical shotgun sequencing) the first step is mapping. (learner.org)
  • Individual BAC clones carry 100-200 kb of sequence from one individual of a target species that can be isolated by screening, mapped onto karyotypes, and sequenced. (harvard.edu)
  • From Texas A&M University, Blanca Lupiani reported that she and her colleagues recently showed that insertion of LTR (long term repeat) sequences into the CVI988 resulted in the generation of CVRM, a virus with similar protective efficacy.The CVRM virus was cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome, by insertion of mini-F sequences into the US2 gene by homologous recombination. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • The main part deals with examples of modern FISH-applications, highlighting unique possibilities of the approach, like the possibility to study individual cells and even individual chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Recombinant DNAs based on them (insert size 150-200 kbp) are introduced into bacterial cells using electroporation. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • Her PhD in Matthew Waldor's lab focused on defining essential replication factors for the two Vibrio cholerae chromosomes. (stanford.edu)
  • The size of the replicon, which is able to provide replication of the P1 chromosome in the lysogenic state, is only 1.5 kb. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • A major quantitative trait loci (QTL) conditioning common bacterial blight (CBB) resistance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines HR45 and HR67 was derived from XAN159, a resistant line obtained from an interspecific cross between common bean lines and the tepary bean (P. acutifolius L.) line PI319443. (tamu.edu)
  • Resistance refers to bacterial defense mechanisms used to evade the effects of an antibiotic. (cdc.gov)
  • Two to seven BAC clones were identified by each marker. (tamu.edu)
  • Variability among sex chromosome pairs in amniotes denotes a dynamic history. (harvard.edu)
  • Since amniotes diverged from a common ancestor, their sex chromosome pairs and, more broadly, sex-determining mechanisms have changed reversibly and frequently. (harvard.edu)
  • Here especially highlighted variations of FISH are molecular combing, chromosome orientation-FISH (CO-FISH), telomere-FISH, parental origin determination FISH (POD-FISH), FISH to resolve the nuclear architecture, multicolor-FISH (mFISH) approaches, among other applied in chromoanagenesis studies, Comet-FISH, and CRISPR-mediated FISH-applications. (frontiersin.org)
  • Currently, specialized high-density arrays with oligonucleotide probes or probes derived from BAC clones are predominately used. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One clone was shotgun sequenced and found to be identical to the parent. (ox.ac.uk)
  • An Atlantic salmon gene has been cloned that is identical to trout TNFSF 13b. (usda.gov)
  • Transferred eudicot-type rDNA preserved its tandemly arrayed feature on a single chromosome and was found to be transcribed in the monocot host, albeit much less efficiently than the native counterpart. (cas.cz)
  • Two clones were found to have both markers PV-tttc001 and STS183. (tamu.edu)
  • He suggested to introduce the term chromosomics being equal to cytogenomics to bring the three-dimensional morphologically of chromosomes into the focus of research, as this is essential for gene regulation. (frontiersin.org)
  • This study demonstrates in vitro that certain cell types from pleomorphic adenoma are able to clone and survive over a long term and develop subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A short piece of DNA from the organism under study is inserted into the chromosome and then amplified and sequenced. (genomequebecplatforms.com)
  • By doing this test, researchers can also determine the efficiency of the ligation and make adjustments as needed to ensure they get the desired number of clones for the library. (wikipedia.org)
  • A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library was constructed from high molecular weight DNA of HR45 and is composed of 33,024 clones. (tamu.edu)
  • VP2 protein was expressed at similar levels regardless of the cloning location, as determined by immunofluorescence of HVT-VP2 infected chicken embryo fibroblasts. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Most of the large-insert clones sequenced in the project were BAC clones. (aporc.org)
  • The 120 Mb of euchromatin is on two large autosomes and the X chromosome. (harvard.edu)
  • Four apparently full-length, rescuable clones were obtained, which had indistinguishable immunogenicity in mice. (ox.ac.uk)
  • BTC was initially described, purified and cloned from a mouse insulinoma cell line. (embl.de)
  • En Égypte, les isolats des patients étaient de types ERIC VII, VIII et IX et correspondaient à ceux des tubulures des appareils d'aspiration et de respiration artificielle et des cuvettes. (who.int)
  • With these techniques, researchers have identified differences and similarities in sex chromosome content and organization across amniotes and have addressed hypotheses regarding the frequency and direction of past changes. (harvard.edu)