• CCTG researchers are leading an international clinical trial with co-investigators from Italy, France, and the United Kingdom to test whether Pembrolizumab therapy (another immune checkpoint inhibitor) - alone, or with chemotherapy - extends the lives of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma, a rare and aggressive cancer mainly caused by inhaling asbestos. (queensu.ca)
  • To conduct a clinical trial, researchers must first develop a study plan, or protocol , in which they describe the study's aims, the characteristics of the participants, the scientific approach, the outcome measures, and the plan for statistical evaluation of the data. (britannica.com)
  • The researchers send the data to the trial sponsor, who then analyzes the pooled data using statistical tests. (disabled-world.com)
  • Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering continue to pursue these and other treatment approaches in our clinical trials. (mskcc.org)
  • Phase 0 trials are small trials that help researchers decide if a new agent should be tested in a phase 1 trial. (mayo.edu)
  • NorthShore clinical researchers are studying new implantable devices focused on helping patients with weakened or failing hearts live their lives to the fullest. (northshore.org)
  • The Grants and Contracts Office promotes the research Mission of Sutter Health by providing high quality financial and administrative services to researchers, collaborators and staff throughout the Sutter system. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Froedtert Hospital, Froedtert Menomonee Falls Hospital, Froedtert West Bend Hospital (or any Froedtert Hospital Clinic), researchers must connect with the Froedtert Hospital Office of Clinical Research Innovative Care Compliance (OCRICC) to facilitate collaboration with the Froedtert Hospital Leader. (mcw.edu)
  • We also believe in providing access to clinical trial information to researchers who seek to advance science. (bms.com)
  • We are aligned with the PhRMA and EFPIA Principles for Responsible Clinical Trial Data Sharing and support enhanced transparency and sharing of clinical trial data with researchers, clinical trial participants, regulators and patient advocates. (bms.com)
  • Bristol Myers Squibb will honor legitimate requests for our clinical trial data from qualified researchers with a clearly defined scientific objective. (bms.com)
  • Once researchers are satisfied that a treatment is likely to be safe in people, it can be taken into a phase 2 trial. (msif.org)
  • In addition to several requests to the Director-General, the Health Assembly identified several possible actions for clinical researchers, trial sponsors, research funders, research ethics committees and national regulatory authorities that are key elements of the clinical trials ecosystem. (who.int)
  • In the current trial, in addition to defining the safety and anti-tumor effect of the combination therapy, the researchers will study whether the combined approach can boost the vaccine effect. (bcm.edu)
  • Because these research findings are shared with physicians and researchers nationally and internationally, children from around the world could benefit from the discoveries and treatment approaches developed by physician-scientists and researchers at Texas Children's Cancer Center. (bcm.edu)
  • We are part of an elite group of researchers that includes other divisions within the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, our Brain Research Institute and preeminent research agencies such as the National Institutes of Health. (uclahealth.org)
  • Please note that information on clinical trials websites are often developed for researchers and may include medical language that can be difficult to understand. (asthma.ca)
  • The government requires researchers to give prospective participants complete and accurate information about what will happen during the trial. (childrenshospital.org)
  • University of Kentucky researchers say clinical trials play an integral role in the work they're doing to discover new ways to treat, prevent and cure a wide variety of diseases. (uky.edu)
  • In today's video, viewers will learn about how researchers are able to forward their work through trials. (uky.edu)
  • Watch the video above as researchers explain how clinical trials are absolutely crucial to their research, enabling science to advance toward better treatments for conditions like cancer, pain and diabetes. (uky.edu)
  • We discuss the unique methodologic and logistical challenges faced by researchers who attempt to conduct controlled trials of therapeutic agents during an outbreak of a novel or unknown infectious pathogen. (cdc.gov)
  • We highlight the challenges faced by researchers attempting to conduct clinical trials of therapeutic agents during an outbreak caused by an unknown or novel pathogen. (cdc.gov)
  • The protocol is the trial's "operating manual" and ensures all researchers perform the trial in the same way on similar subjects and that the data is comparable across all subjects. (wikipedia.org)
  • Researchers and funding agencies increasingly recognize the value of the community's contribution to research and acknowledge that community advisory boards are a key component of successful CBPR projects. (cdc.gov)
  • CABs provide an infrastructure for community members to voice concerns and priorities that otherwise might not enter into the researchers' agenda, and advise about suitable research processes that are respectful of and acceptable to the community (2). (cdc.gov)
  • Research assessing the roles, responsibilities, and processes of CABs supports their effectiveness in building mutually beneficial partnerships between academic researchers and communities (3-7). (cdc.gov)
  • Interventional trials assign participants to a procedure or treatment and then measure the effects of that intervention. (britannica.com)
  • Observational trials collect a group of participants with a specific condition who receive a procedure or treatment as part of routine care and then measure the outcome results in this group. (britannica.com)
  • In both types of trials, the outcome in the participants undergoing the procedure or treatment is often compared with another group called the control. (britannica.com)
  • Such prospective biomedical or behavioral research studies on human participants are designed to answer specific questions about biomedical or behavioral interventions, including new treatments (such as novel vaccines, drugs, dietary choices, dietary supplements, and medical devices) and known interventions that warrant further study and comparison. (disabled-world.com)
  • This research study is being done to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of an infrared 3D scanner and an iPad app in measuring body measurements in participants. (mayo.edu)
  • We believe that the participants in our clinical trials should be made aware of and be able to understand the outcome of the trial they participated in. (bms.com)
  • In resolution WHA75.8 (2022) the Health Assembly requested the Director-General, inter alia, "to organize, in a transparent manner, stakeholder consultations, in line with the Framework of 1 "A clinical trial is defined by WHO as any research study that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to one or more health-related interventions to evaluate the effects on health outcomes. (who.int)
  • Clinical trials follow very strict procedures and ethical standards that protect the participants' health, safety and privacy. (asthma.ca)
  • There are benefits and risks for research participants. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Being part of a clinical trial allows the participants to have access to experimental treatments that are not yet available to the public, while also helping others by contributing to the development of a new medical treatment or procedure. (childrenshospital.org)
  • The specific risks associated with a research protocol are described in detail in the informed consent document, which participants are asked to consider and sign before participating in research. (childrenshospital.org)
  • The FDA works to protect participants in clinical trials and to ensure that people have reliable information before deciding whether to join a clinical trial. (childrenshospital.org)
  • The Federal government has regulations and guidelines for clinical research to protect participants from unreasonable risks. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Last week, UKNow explored how and why participants benefit from clinical trials. (uky.edu)
  • Successful medical research is a complex process requiring close collaboration of basic scientists, physicians, epidemiologists and data analysts, state-of-the-art instruments, and resources to protect clinical trial participants. (mainehealth.org)
  • As with all peer-reviewed journals, EMHJ has encountered cases of suspected breach of ethical research conduct and publication, including lack of ethical clearance and/or informed consent of participants when needed, and instances of plagiarism or duplicate publication. (who.int)
  • Eligible participants were HIV-infected pregnant women who had received no antiretroviral treatment during their current pregnancy, had no clinical indications for maternal antepartum antiretroviral therapy in the judgment of their health-care provider, and who had a CD4+ T-lymphocyte count greater than 200/uL at time of entry into the study. (cdc.gov)
  • The Office for Clinical and Translational Research at Cincinnati Children's provides sponsors and investigators with comprehensive support services, research tools, personnel and facilities to conduct or facilitate pediatric and adult clinical research studies. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Aims, purpose, or objectives: We will conduct a pilot trial to test whether caregivers of heart and lung transplant candidates who receive wellness coaching will experience improvement in caregiver-related distress. (mayo.edu)
  • We create and conduct research to enhance health and care delivery. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Austin, Texas (PRWEB) March 23, 2015 -- Benchmark Research, Miami Research Associates(MRA), and Piedmont Medical Group(PMG) are pleased to announce the formation of VaxCorps, a network of highly experienced, geographically diverse clinical research centers specializing in the conduct of vaccine trials in healthy adult, elderly, and pediatric populations. (prweb.com)
  • By adhering to local, regional, and national requirements for clinical trial disclosure, we are committed to publicly sharing information on the clinical trials we conduct, regardless of the outcome, as described below. (bms.com)
  • Our team of physicians and scientists work closely to conduct research and clinical trials to better understand and care for patients affected by these disorders. (uhhospitals.org)
  • The mission of the Clinical Trials Office is to provide exceptional centralized infrastructure to support physicians at Wilmot who conduct clinical research. (rochester.edu)
  • A well-designed trial must also be practically feasible to conduct. (who.int)
  • We draw upon our own experience in attempting to conduct a randomized controlled trial (trial) of ribavirin therapy for SARS and discuss the lessons learned. (cdc.gov)
  • Adherence to ethical standards for the conduct and reporting of research is not only a moral imperative, it also results in better and more meaningful research. (who.int)
  • Our experience in addressing such incidents suggest that in some cases the authors were genuinely unaware of, or unfamiliar with, key ethical aspects of research conduct and publication, for example, what constitutes plagiarism or why duplicate publication is unacceptable. (who.int)
  • To do so, the journal follows established international standards and guidelines on the conduct and publication of health research, including the World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki, the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS), the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME). (who.int)
  • Therefore, the review and endorsement of draft guidelines on ethical conduct and publication of health research was included in the agenda of the Expanded EMHJ Editorial Meeting in June 2015. (who.int)
  • The guidelines explain EMHJ's position on specific ethical aspects of the conduct and reporting of research. (who.int)
  • In any case, authors are expected to follow all requirements of ethical conduct of research, reporting of the findings, and preparation of manuscripts. (who.int)
  • This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) seeks applications for research center grants to conduct high-impact research on alcohol and HIV/AIDS. (cdc.gov)
  • From its hub at Queen's, CCTG conducts wide-ranging clinical trials that lead to better outcomes and quality of life for cancer patients here and around the globe. (queensu.ca)
  • Innovations proven to be effective through CCTG led clinical trials have set new standards of care that guide treatment decisions for patients today and tomorrow: curing disease, preventing recurrence, saving lives, and improving quality of life. (queensu.ca)
  • As Canada's first and largest cancer research network, CCTG has had a direct impact on improving treatment option for patients over the last forty-plus years. (queensu.ca)
  • Two highly influential studies from the past illustrate how CCTG-led international trials have continuously changed practice over four decades to benefit all cancer patients. (queensu.ca)
  • CCTG is conducting an innovative clinical trial that uses liquid biopsies - rather than invasive tissue biopsies - to screen for DNA markers in blood to help predict which of five new experimental therapies is likely to work best for individual patients with advanced prostate cancer. (queensu.ca)
  • Clinical trials of new treatments for rare cancers are challenging to do because there are fewer patients. (queensu.ca)
  • But if we collaborate more broadly internationally, we can get these trials done and identify better treatments that will lead to better outcomes for patients," says CCTG Director Janet Dancey. (queensu.ca)
  • During the clinical trial, the investigators: recruit patients with the predetermined characteristics, administer the treatment(s), and collect data on the patients' health for a defined period. (disabled-world.com)
  • The Program for Drug Development in Leukemia offers patients the most advanced treatments available for acute leukemia, myeloproliferative neoplasms, myelodysplastic syndromes, and chronic myeloid leukemia through participation in phase 1 clinical trials. (mskcc.org)
  • The primary purpose of this study is to compare GDMT-HF adherence rates in clinical practices that use a software-based clinical decision support (CDS) tool for GDMT-HF to care-as-usual, for the treatment of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). (mayo.edu)
  • Adding to a growing body of knowledge about women's heart health, NorthShore physician-scientists are conducting outcomes research on heart attacks in female patients. (northshore.org)
  • Conducting leading-edge research further strengthens the depth and breadth of services we provide to patients. (northshore.org)
  • Research is an integral component of Sutter Health's approach to improving the wellness of our patients and communities. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Patient Ashleigh Evans describes how precision medicine research at Sutter is helping deliver personalized treatment options for cancer patients. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Patient Grace Mansell describes how clinical research and clinical trials at Sutter are helping advance treatment options for cancer patients. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Through the Atlantic Center for Research, we have successfully translated scientific discoveries into innovative treatments, providing hope and healing for patients in our communities and the surrounding New Jersey, Pennsylvania and New York metropolitan area. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Our physicians are conducting ongoing research to offer the most advanced diagnostic and therapeutic services available for stroke patients and those who have brain tumors, movement disorders or other neurological diseases. (atlantichealth.org)
  • The program remains committed to bringing as many Parkinson's disease clinical trials and studies to Overlook Medical Center as possible, understanding the complexity of the condition and the diverse needs of these patients. (atlantichealth.org)
  • As part of our commitment to delivering innovative therapies to patients worldwide, Novartis believes in the need to support ethical independent clinical and non-clinical research conducted by qualified third-party investigators. (novartis.com)
  • The clinical research mission of the Adult Leukemia Program is to develop and bring new and better therapies to patients. (dana-farber.org)
  • At any given time, the program offers patients a wide array of opportunities to participate in clinical research studies relating to all stages and types of leukemia and related disorders. (dana-farber.org)
  • Patients have access to trials that originate within Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center and other Harvard-affiliated institutions, those sponsored by private industry, as well as those that are part of a collaborative effort, such as the Cancer and Leukemia Group B, of which the program is a member. (dana-farber.org)
  • NRI ), a specialty pharmaceutical company with a diverse portfolio of topical and immunology products, today announced that it has completed enrolment in its Phase 2 clinical trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of WF10 in patients with refractory allergic rhinitis. (newswire.ca)
  • Treatment of patients in the WF10 Phase 2 allergic rhinitis clinical trial commenced in March 2014. (newswire.ca)
  • The 16-week trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of a regimen of five infusions of either WF10 or its main constituents (sodium chlorite and sodium chlorate) relative to saline control in patients with multiple airborne allergies who suffer from moderate to severe allergic rhinitis. (newswire.ca)
  • This is a non-therapeutic study for patients at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and Methodist Adult Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center . (stjude.org)
  • This clinical trial is open only to St. Jude patients. (stjude.org)
  • Working together, CRCs, PIs, and the rest of the clinical trial team can "connect the dots" to ensure patients are treated safely and honorably, and trials are conducted with the highest possible level of professionalism, Jurnack says. (acrpnet.org)
  • Every effort is made to ensure access and opportunity for all patients to participate in clinical trials, regardless of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual identity and age. (rochester.edu)
  • Centralized, trained, clinical support staff to assist Wilmot investigators with screening and enrolling patients for clinical research studies including coordination and timely completion of patient-specific study requirements. (rochester.edu)
  • Participation in research and clinical investigation is an important commitment of Pickup Family Neurosciences Institute in its mission to provide patients access to leading-edge management and treatment for neurological disorders. (hoag.org)
  • Hoag's sub-specialized team of neuroscientists are actively involved in research to discover new therapies, drugs and other medical advancements to better the lives of patients suffering from neurological conditions. (hoag.org)
  • Pickup Family Neurosciences Institute is currently accepting patients to participate in a number of clinical research trials. (hoag.org)
  • Phase 3 clinical trial, appropriate for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. (hoag.org)
  • We evaluate all of our brain tumor patients to determine if they could benefit from a clinical trial. (uclahealth.org)
  • More people are living through and beyond cancer thanks in large part to clinical trials, which have given countless cancer patients access to lifesaving treatments. (aacr.org)
  • One key example is the I-SPY 2 trial, launched in 2010 as an "adaptive" clinical trial to test neoadjuvant treatments for high-risk breast cancer patients. (aacr.org)
  • As genomic testing identified biomarkers in patients' tumors, the patients could be reassigned to different arms of the trial so that they could receive more effective treatments, explained Douglas Yee, MD, director of the Masonic Cancer Center at the University of Minnesota. (aacr.org)
  • Current trials under the I-SPY umbrella investigate drug combinations, duration of treatment, and quality of life issues, adding valuable information to guide physicians in making the best decisions for their patients, Yee said. (aacr.org)
  • At Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, eligible patients may be given the opportunity to participate in select research studies to help evaluate the safety and efficacy of new treatments and increase understanding of the ways to fight cancer. (bannerhealth.com)
  • By conducting independent cancer clinical trials as well as collaborating with physicians from MD Anderson Cancer Center and other research institutions recognized nationally and worldwide, our patients have access to some of the latest and most advanced trials. (bannerhealth.com)
  • The MaineHealth Institute for Research conducts cutting-edge biomedical research that provides advanced treatment options for MaineHealth patients. (mainehealth.org)
  • MHIR brings new treatments to MaineHealth patients, and the world, through a broad spectrum of research and clinical trials. (mainehealth.org)
  • MaineHealth is strongly committed to protecting the interests of patients who volunteer to participate in clinical trials. (mainehealth.org)
  • Before joining a clinical trial, patients should consult their doctor and gather as much information as possible about the trial. (mainehealth.org)
  • Efficacy and safety of rilpivirine (TMC278) versus efavirenz at 48 weeks in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients: pooled results from the phase 3 double-blind randomized ECHO and THRIVE Trials. (druglib.com)
  • The sponsor designs the trial in coordination with a panel of expert clinical investigators, including what alternative or existing treatments to compare to the new drug and what type(s) of patients might benefit. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is important to realize that in this trial with approximately 150 patients in the arm comparing combination therapy with placebo, there was an increased risk for death with combination therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Ovarian toxicity is not usually adequately assessed in trials of anticancer agents , leaving an important information gap for patients facing therapy choices. (bvsalud.org)
  • ASCO recognises that routine measurement of ovarian toxicity and function in cancer clinical trials will add additional complexity and burden to trial resources but asserts that this issue is of such importance to patients that it cannot continue to be overlooked. (bvsalud.org)
  • Since its inception in 1980, CCTG has grown and evolved into the leading international cooperative clinical cancer research network, with over 85 Canadian member institutions and 2,100 investigators, who have facilitated over 500 trials in collaboration with 700 international centres in 40 countries. (queensu.ca)
  • Our investigators are involved in a number of clinical trials with novel antiplatelet and cholesterol-lowering agents to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. (northshore.org)
  • Search for clinical trials, research studies and investigators by research topic. (sutterhealth.org)
  • We welcome unsolicited research proposals from qualified investigators in our strategic areas of interest which we list below. (novartis.com)
  • Visit the MCW Clinical Trials Office (CTO) to learn about research support services for Investigators and Coordinators. (mcw.edu)
  • While principal investigators (PIs) bear the ultimate regulatory responsibility to establish and ensure strong ethical practices in clinical trials, it's a team effort, she notes. (acrpnet.org)
  • The Maximizing Investigators' Research Award (MIRA) provides support for the program of research in an investigator's laboratory that is within the mission of NIGMS. (nih.gov)
  • Enable investigators to devote more time and energy to mentoring trainees in a more stable research environment. (nih.gov)
  • The value of the scientific research produced by third party sponsors is key to complementing Novartis-sponsored research by helping us to better understand the benefit/risk profile of our therapies, as well as enabling us to explore new opportunities addressing unmet medical needs. (novartis.com)
  • Stem cell therapies are a growing area of research in treatments for MS. There are currently several trials investigating the potential of various types of stem cells for different forms of MS. They include mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) and haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). (msif.org)
  • New treatments and therapies for people with Fanconi anemia are not possible without research. (fanconi.org)
  • Through the careful study and evaluation of new treatments and therapies, clinical trials help uncover better ways to prevent, diagnose and treat cancer. (bannerhealth.com)
  • The first 2 are randomized controlled trials of intervention therapies, and the third is a severity-of-illness or staging tool for IPF. (medscape.com)
  • Its clinical trials have expanded well beyond testing new and approved drugs for different cancer treatments into investigating how radiation, surgical, exercise, dietary, and smoking cessation interventions can boost patient outcomes and quality of life. (queensu.ca)
  • Our contributions to medical research and education lead to better healthcare outcomes. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Long term, this could impact the effectiveness of CAR T cells against solid tumors and lead to more positive clinical outcomes. (bcm.edu)
  • As a trial is designed to test hypotheses and rigorously monitor and assess outcomes, it can be seen as an application of the scientific method, specifically the experimental step. (wikipedia.org)
  • Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is a paradigm to study and reduce disparities in health outcomes related to chronic disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical trials are conducted to allow safety and efficacy data to be collected for new drugs or devices. (disabled-world.com)
  • We also voluntarily register on ClinicalTrials.gov most of our non-interventional trials including post-authorization safety and efficacy studies. (bms.com)
  • Recognizing that "well-designed2 and well-implemented clinical trials are indispensable for assessing the safety and efficacy of health interventions" and acknowledging "the importance of promoting equity in clinical trial capability" the Health Assembly sought to improve the quality of evidence generated in clinical trials and their coordination. (who.int)
  • This indication is based on Week 48 safety and efficacy analyses from 2 randomized, double-blind, active controlled, Phase 3 trials in treatment-naive subjects and Week 96 safety and efficacy analyses from a Phase 2b trial in treatment-naive subjects [ see Clinical Studies ]. (druglib.com)
  • Despite this, no controlled clinical trials assessing the efficacy of these agents were conducted. (cdc.gov)
  • Early in the outbreak, however, we focused our attention on designing a trial to evaluate the efficacy of ribavirin, which was being used in Canada and Hong Kong and had been associated with clinical successes in uncontrolled reports ( 10 , 11 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical trials generate data on dosage, safety and efficacy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Editorial Note: This clinical trial demonstrated efficacy of ZDV in reducing perinatal HIV transmission when administered to HIV-infected women meeting the study's eligibility criteria (see box Table B1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In recent years, these high stakes have been somewhat mitigated by trial design that encompasses multiple endpoints and often, multiple sponsors and participating cancer centers. (aacr.org)
  • The trial is a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and cancer centers across the country, allowing for a large scope and a diverse patient population. (aacr.org)
  • Clinical trials can vary in size and cost, and they can involve a single research center or multiple centers, in one country or in multiple countries. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 2 ] The clinical success of hand transplantation and the exceedingly high rate of patient satisfaction have fueled the desire to start hand transplantation programs in many medical centers around the world. (medscape.com)
  • Clinical trials are defined as research studies that test how well new medical approaches work in people. (disabled-world.com)
  • Our Featured Research Page lists cancer prevention, treatment and quality of life studies enrolling people with or at high risk for hereditary cancers. (facingourrisk.org)
  • You can do a quick search to filter our featured studies by cancer type, study type or key word, or a more in-depth search through clinicaltrials.gov. (facingourrisk.org)
  • This listing below contains information on clinical trials, clinical studies and registries underway at Nemours facilities in the Delaware Valley and Florida. (nemours.org)
  • In addition, the Atlantic Health Cancer Consortium (AHCC) - the first National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) based in New Jersey - expands patient access to cutting-edge cancer studies. (atlantichealth.org)
  • These national and international studies enhance our physicians' familiarity with promising advancements in electrophysiology, cardiac surgery, vascular surgery and clinical cardiology. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Bristol Myers Squibb will post the clinical study report (CSR) synopses of completed interventional studies conducted on US and EU marketed products in approved indications on BMS.com within a reasonable amount of time. (bms.com)
  • At a minimum, we will provide a factual summary of interventional clinical trials results, which is easily understood by the general public, for those studies required by the European Clinical Trial Regulation (EU CTR). (bms.com)
  • If you would like more information about any of the research studies, please complete the information form at the bottom of the page or call 216-464-6215 . (uhhospitals.org)
  • If the pre-clinical laboratory based studies (typically involving human cells or animals) have shown promising results, the health intervention may go to trial stage. (msif.org)
  • We support clinical trials and research studies to find new ways to manage, treat and prevent asthma, allergies and other diseases. (asthma.ca)
  • Research studies and surveys drive medical advances and help us better understand health conditions and their impact on people living with them. (asthma.ca)
  • Search a database of Federally and privately supported studies available through clinicaltrials.gov. (childrenshospital.org)
  • The following are approved ALS studies and clinical trials that have used the National ALS Registry for patient recruitment purposes. (cdc.gov)
  • Are Clinical Studies for You? (medlineplus.gov)
  • What Are Cancer Research Studies? (medlineplus.gov)
  • This was a multicenter collaborative effort to improve our clinical trial experience and clinical trial effort as it relates to IPF because, for a long time, much of the evidence related to IPF was from very low-quality glorified case series and observational studies. (medscape.com)
  • Intervention research has been challenged by the need for studies in social and occupational areas where such control led experiments are ethically and practically impossible. (cdc.gov)
  • Intervention research strategies could be based on labor and management partnerships, prospective studies and employment of intermediate and surrogate indicators. (cdc.gov)
  • 4 You can choose to receive emails informing you about clinical trials and epidemiological studies that may interest you. (cdc.gov)
  • EUAs and have been used for post-vaccine serology determinations for clinical trials and research studies, as noted in published or preprint articles. (cdc.gov)
  • ACRP honors the 2022 Certification Milestone Achievers, an exclusive group of nearly 1,700 professionals who have consistently proven their commitment to conducting clinical trials safely, ethically, and to the highest standard. (acrpnet.org)
  • In May 2022, the Seventy-fifth World Health Assembly adopted resolution WHA75.8 on strengthening clinical trials1 to provide high-quality evidence on health interventions and to improve research quality and coordination. (who.int)
  • February 4, 2022 - NIGMS Limitations on Clinical Trial Applications Submitted to the NIH Research Project Grant (Parent R01 Clinical Trial Required). (nih.gov)
  • preferably as soon as an industry study has been identified or as soon as a sponsor or contract research organization has approached a BU researcher for potential participation as a clinical trial site. (bu.edu)
  • Through clinical trial participation, our cardiac research team is provided extensive experience with new, highly effective remedies prior to their full introduction into the marketplace. (atlantichealth.org)
  • An IIT may be a clinical study conducted without the participation of Novartis, for which the IIT sponsor requests Novartis to provide either funding, drug product or both. (novartis.com)
  • Your participation in any trial is entirely voluntary. (hoag.org)
  • December 23, 2020 - Notice of NIDDK Participation in PA-20-183, Research Project Grant (Parent R01 Clinical Trial Required). (nih.gov)
  • Those who met the proposed DSM-5 criteria for IGD were offered participation in the trial, if they had the capacity to provide written informed consent and if they spoke Swedish. (lu.se)
  • Search clinical trials for adult and pediatric cancers and blood disorders offered through Dana-Farber and our clinical partners. (dana-farber.org)
  • There is a wide range of clinical trials taking place around the world, trying to discover new treatments or improve treatments for MS. Search the ClinicalTrials.gov website for more details, or to find clinical trials that you could take part in. (msif.org)
  • We are proud to partner with the Be The Match Jason Carter Clinical Trials Search & Support (CTSS), an organization that helps individuals learn about and potentially participate in clinical trials. (fanconi.org)
  • We searched Ovid/Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases for manuscripts published in English from 2000 to 2009 by using the following search terms: "community advisory boards," "advisory boards," or "community steering committees," and "community-based participatory research" or "participatory research. (cdc.gov)
  • Cincinnati Children's is conducting a research study, sometimes known as a clinical study, to investigate whether training children and teens to focus attention on specific parts of their bodies can lessen the spread and intensity of their chronic pain. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Cincinnati Children's is conducting a research study, sometimes known as a clinical study, to learn how emotions, thoughts and interactions with family and friends affect the recovery from Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS). (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Cincinnati Children's is conducting a research study, sometimes known as a clinical trial or clinical study, to learn more about how teen girls with fibromyalgia experience pain and other frequent symptoms. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Describes the nature of a clinical study. (mayo.edu)
  • Medical records research - uses historical information collected from medical records of large groups of people to study how diseases progress and which treatments and surgeries work best. (mayo.edu)
  • The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of cancer stress management (CBCSM) as a clinical service at Mayo Clinic. (mayo.edu)
  • As industry leaders, VaxCorps is committed to the highest standard of research excellence with subject safety, data integrity, rapid study startup and enrollment, and outstanding subject retention as top priorities. (prweb.com)
  • What is a clinical trial or study? (nemours.org)
  • A clinical trial or clinical study is research that evaluates the use of a new intervention (such as a new drug, device, treatment or technique) on human subjects with a particular disease or condition. (nemours.org)
  • The proposed research must offer meaningful scientific objectives and be supported by a valid study design. (novartis.com)
  • For organizations who want to provide their clinical study teams with continuous, ongoing education and professional development resources, Organization Membership is a turnkey and scalable solution. (acrpnet.org)
  • Through our gold-standard education, the most rigorous certification process in the industry, and strong comment connections - ACRP prepares clinical research professionals to be the study team members employers can trust to get it right. (acrpnet.org)
  • A clinical trial is a type of research study that compares the effects of "health interventions" on people - most commonly new drugs or treatments. (msif.org)
  • The HEROS 3.0 trial is the first-in-human study of HER2 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in combination with immune checkpoint blockade to treat advanced sarcoma. (bcm.edu)
  • This study aims to provide oral mouth inspection and brush biopsy screening combined with comprehensive cancer screening for people with FA at regular intervals to determine if this practice improves early cancer diagnosis and overall clinical care. (fanconi.org)
  • Collaborative molecular research projects will focus on the analysis of clinical biological materials collected from the study to develop an understanding of the natural history of squamous cell cancers in individuals with FA. (fanconi.org)
  • Also, a member of the research team will explain the study and answer any questions about the study. (childrenshospital.org)
  • A clinical trial is a research study that helps scientists and doctors discover better ways to treat diseases. (mainehealth.org)
  • Once a hypothesis is selected and a trial started, new information arising during the outbreak may undermine the study hypothesis before the trial is completed. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical study design aims to ensure the scientific validity and reproducibility of the results. (wikipedia.org)
  • For research involving humans, every research article submitted to EMHJ must include a declaration that before carrying out its field work, the study had obtained ethical clearance from a recognized body in the country, for example, the institutional review boards or research ethics committees. (who.int)
  • The subjects were solicited through the NCCC secretary, who was not part of the research team, and their names were not turned over to us until they had accepted our offer to participate in the study. (cdc.gov)
  • The Registry works with some of the world's leading research institutions, to study what may cause ALS such as heavy metals, pesticides, certain genetic traits, and cyanobacteria. (cdc.gov)
  • The study was initiated in April 1991 by the Pediatric ACTG of NIAID in collaboration with NICHD and the National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) and the National Agency of Research on AIDS (ANRS), France. (cdc.gov)
  • The industry contracting group manages the negotiation, execution and account setup for clinical trials, including industry-sponsored or investigator-initiated protocols as well as trials initiated by non-industry entities (e.g., universities). (bu.edu)
  • February 25, 2021 - Notice of Information: Submission of NIAID Investigator- Initiated Clinical Trials to Appropriate FOAs. (nih.gov)
  • On February 21, 1994, the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) announced preliminary results from a randomized, multicenter, double-blinded clinical trial of zidovudine (ZDV) to prevent HIV transmission from mothers to their infants (AIDS Clinical Trials Group {ACTG} protocol 076). (cdc.gov)
  • Our physicians are also highly involved in pediatric and adolescent neuroscience research, with particular expertise in identifying the genetic and environmental risk factors that contribute to Tourette's syndrome and autism. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Other innovative offerings include treating adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia by applying the principles used in successful pediatric treatments of this condition and clinical trials and treatments specialized for older adults. (dana-farber.org)
  • Our cardiology, cardiovascular medicine and cardiac surgery departments participate in dozens of clinical trials each year. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Applicants should carefully note which ICs participate in this announcement and view their respective areas of research interest at the R01 Clinical Trial Required IC-Specific Scientific Interests and Contact website . (nih.gov)
  • Should I Participate in a Clinical Trial? (medlineplus.gov)
  • clinical trial , formal testing of a specific treatment or other health-related intervention to determine its role in the standard care of individuals with a corresponding medical condition. (britannica.com)
  • A volunteer subject with no known significant health problems who participates in research to test a new drug, device or intervention. (mayo.edu)
  • A registry is a research collection of medical information from people who have received or are receiving a certain intervention for a particular disease or condition. (nemours.org)
  • Clinical trials are the most reliable way of showing whether a new intervention is safe, effective or better than what is already available. (msif.org)
  • For most clinical trials a participant is assigned to either an intervention or a control group. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Intervention research: science, skills, and strategies. (cdc.gov)
  • A three part approach to developing intervention research for occupational health and safety was presented. (cdc.gov)
  • Ideas and methods from clinical trials, epidemiology and evaluation practice, constituted the scientific aspect of intervention research. (cdc.gov)
  • Few occupational health and safety professionals appear to have acquired the skills required for intervention research. (cdc.gov)
  • Obtaining informed consent of subjects, the cooperation of labor and management and overcoming barriers due to workplace politics have been among the strategic challenges faced by intervention researches. (cdc.gov)
  • NorthShore offers a wide range of clinical trials that examine the prevention, screening and treatment of heart diseases. (northshore.org)
  • Ideally, before new drugs and other treatments, diagnostic tests, or preventive measures are accepted for general use, they should be studied in clinical trials to determine whether they have advantages over existing methods in health benefits, safety, or cost. (britannica.com)
  • Cincinnati Children's is involved in research because it is very important to understanding diseases and developing ways to prevent and treat health problems in children, as well as adults. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • These trials can only take place once satisfactory information has been gathered on the quality of the non-clinical safety, and Health Authority/Ethics Committee approval is granted in the country where the trial is taking place. (disabled-world.com)
  • Sutter Health patient Vashti Ross describes how research at Sutter is helping pioneer the future of care for people with ALS. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Sutter Health patient Laura Clausen describes how research and clinical trials at Sutter gave new hope in her cancer journey. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Donate to the Sutter Health research institute or program of your choice. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Atlantic Health System has a long and enduring commitment to research. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Our hospitals - Morristown Medical Center , Overlook Medical Center , Newton Medical Center , Chilton Medical Center , Hackettstown Medical Center and Goryeb Children's Hospital - are at the forefront of medicine, setting standards for clinical innovation and quality health care. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Research partnerships and collaborations with other health care systems and universities provide access to the most up-to-date data sharing platforms and latest findings. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Atlantic Health System Neuroscience has made significant strides in recent years to make research a mainstay feature of the program's key services. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Enhancing learning, research, patient care and the health of the community. (mcw.edu)
  • A hub focused on population health, biostatistics, bioethics and epidemiology research. (mcw.edu)
  • If your clinical trial requires any resource (i.e. staff support, supplies, equipment, protected health information (PHI), etc.) from a Froedtert Health entity (e.g. (mcw.edu)
  • For more information on Brain Health and Memory Clinical Trials, call 216-464-6215 or email [email protected] . (uhhospitals.org)
  • FREE for ACRP Members-Gain the foundational knowledge clinical research professionals need to implement digital health components in clinical trials. (acrpnet.org)
  • Let our media specialists help you find an expert in health, medicine, education, research and patient care. (bcm.edu)
  • Many trials also require Health Canada's approval. (asthma.ca)
  • This year, the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) launched a series of Patient Advocate Forums , virtual conversations featuring leaders from patient advocacy, academia, industry, and health care discussing pressing topics and the latest discoveries in cancer research. (aacr.org)
  • MaineHealth supports research and clinical trials throughout its health care system. (mainehealth.org)
  • Clinical Trials Research-a new, all online concentration associated with the bachelor's degree in Public Health-provides students with more research methods skills, practical exposure to clinical research and, therefore, terrific opportunities to be competitive for lucrative job opportunities. (kent.edu)
  • This concentration is essential in Epidemiology and perfect for students who want to work in a clinical setting, industry, or in another health services sector," said Dr. Melissa Zullo, Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Director of the Clinical Trials Concentration. (kent.edu)
  • Other clinical trials pertain to people with specific health conditions who are willing to try an experimental treatment. (wikipedia.org)
  • People over 55 (or a similar cutoff age) are often excluded from trials because their greater health issues and drug use complicate data interpretation, and because they have different physiological capacity than younger people. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 2 ] Both were done under the auspices of the Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Clinical Research Network, funded by the National Institutes of Health. (medscape.com)
  • Through this NOFOA, NIAAA seeks to encourage research applications aimed to address the impact of alcohol use (and related other substance use, mental health, and pharmacological/medication complications) on the most important challenges for controlling and ending HIV/AIDS pandemic. (cdc.gov)
  • Other issues include the weakness of health systems, including monitoring and evaluation systems, to deliver malaria control interventions, and poor use of research findings to inform policies which need to be addressed in order to accelerate the pace of implementation of malaria control interventions in the Region. (who.int)
  • The last two decades have witnessed more research on the use prevalence, determinants of use, contents and emissions, and health effects of WTS. (who.int)
  • The Fourth International Conference on Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Research built on the momentum established in the first, second and third conferences to share recent scientific evidence on WTS with intent to inform practice, policy and regulation and enhance public health and population wellbeing. (who.int)
  • There are five required courses for this concentration: Clinical Epidemiology Basics, Clinical Trials Management, Pharmacoepidemiology, Regulatory Affairs in Clinical Research, and Scientific Writing. (kent.edu)
  • Evaluation research, or the application of social science to assessing effectiveness of social programs, shares with epidemiology the application of statistical analysis to experiments based on random matching of subjects and treatments. (cdc.gov)
  • Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05506384 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05506384. (lu.se)
  • Learn more about our research institutes. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Each of our eight research groups works diligently to constantly learn more about their topic and educated the medical community about their findings. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Learn more about clinical trials and get answers to your questions. (nemours.org)
  • Learn more about advanced testing available in our magnetic resonance research labs . (uclahealth.org)
  • Before deciding whether a clinical trial is an option for you, or someone you care about, it's important to learn all you can. (asthma.ca)
  • Learn about clinical trials for people with cancer. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Learn more about joining a clinical trial or find a current clinical trial . (bannerhealth.com)
  • The MaineHealth Institutional Review Board (IRB) ensures that ethical and safe research practices are used when research is conducted with Human Subjects. (mainehealth.org)
  • The principal suggestions from the June 2001 meeting resulted in the research team modifying recruitment practices to accelerate enrollment. (cdc.gov)
  • Innovative 12-month PA and NP transition to practice programs in a variety of specialty clinical tracks. (mcw.edu)
  • What are the clinical trial phases? (msif.org)
  • Trials have to progress through a set sequence of four "phases" to ensure the data collected is reliable and all those taking part are protected. (msif.org)
  • Clinical trials for new treatments involve several steps, called phases. (asthma.ca)
  • Here you can find a continually updated listing of Memorial Sloan Kettering's current clinical trials for adults with leukemia. (mskcc.org)
  • Please see the list of current clinical trials below. (uhhospitals.org)
  • Listed below are current clinical trials and research opportunities available. (fanconi.org)
  • Without a strong ethical underpinning, clinical trials can quickly lose their way, potentially harming volunteers, setting back valuable research, and damaging the reputation of the entire profession. (acrpnet.org)
  • Government and international regulations and policies are in place to make sure that research involving people is done according to strict scientific and ethical guidelines. (asthma.ca)
  • They also ensure that the trial is well designed, legal and ethical and that it does not involve unnecessary risks. (asthma.ca)
  • EMHJ expects authors to adhere to the Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects outlined in the World Medical Association's Declaration of Helsinki and CIOMS. (who.int)
  • Research involving animals are expected to follow the relevant standards of ethical research. (who.int)
  • Our scientists pursue every aspect of cancer research-from exploring the biology of genes and cells, to developing immune-based treatments, uncovering the causes of metastasis, and more. (mskcc.org)
  • Our physician-scientists combine the best of clinical know-how with superior investigative skills to advance cardiovascular care and improve the patient experience through pioneering research. (northshore.org)
  • View our directory of research scientists. (sutterhealth.org)
  • Project Wonder: the Art of Science at the Medical College of Wisconsin partners basic and translational scientists with local artists and writers to elevate and amplify their innovative, life-changing research. (mcw.edu)
  • Translational scientists turn science and research into improved treatments. (mcw.edu)
  • The MaineHealth Institute for Research (MHIR) is home to world-class scientists working on advanced biomedical problems. (mainehealth.org)
  • In addition to keynote presentations by scientists and leaders in tobacco control and/or knowledge translation, the conference was open to abstracts submission on emerging research. (who.int)
  • This report summarizes the interim results of that trial, which indicate effectiveness of ZDV for prevention of perinatal transmission. (cdc.gov)
  • February 18, 2021 - NIBIB Guidance for Support of Clinical Trial Applications. (nih.gov)
  • IRBs help to protect the people who take part in a clinical trial. (asthma.ca)
  • There are many reasons why someone may choose to take part in a clinical trial. (asthma.ca)
  • If you take part in a clinical trial, you might not get the experimental treatment that is being tested. (childrenshospital.org)
  • We routinely offer clinical trials in a range of medical conditions, including cancer, heart disease, and complex neurological conditions. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Note: Any monetary request intended for a specified purpose to support medical/scientific research, education, policy initiatives, and patient advocacy activities, where Novartis will receive no benefit, should not be considered as IIT or IIR as these are classified as Grants. (novartis.com)
  • At a minimum, we expect results from all Phase III clinical trials and any clinical trial results of significant medical importance to be submitted for publication. (bms.com)
  • The trial sponsor may pay for some of your medical care or tests. (bannerhealth.com)
  • In the United States, a clinical trial must have an IRB if it is studying a drug, biological product, or medical device that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates, or it is funded or carried out by the federal government. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some clinical trials involve healthy subjects with no pre-existing medical conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • All MaineHealth research projects involving human subjects, regardless of the source of funding, require IRB review and approval prior to implementation. (mainehealth.org)
  • We focus the discussion on the design and implementation of randomized trials of candidate therapeutic agents, as trials are the gold standard on which therapeutic decision-making should be based. (cdc.gov)
  • Trials are carefully designed to have as few risks and as many benefits as possible for everyone who takes party, but each one offers its own possible benefits and risks. (asthma.ca)
  • What Are the Benefits and Risks of Being in a Cancer Clinical Trial? (bannerhealth.com)
  • Each clinical trial has its own unique benefits and risks. (bannerhealth.com)
  • Presently, a trial of corticosteroids appears to be a rational direction for future treatment trials, given their widespread use in the treatment of SARS, despite minimal supportive evidence, and their potential risks. (cdc.gov)
  • We believed that conducting such a trial was important, given the widespread use of ribavirin and its potential risks and benefits. (cdc.gov)
  • These protocol components are each designed with the goal of providing a reliable answer to the questions being asked in the trial. (britannica.com)
  • First, all of our cancer clinical trials follow a well-planned protocol. (bannerhealth.com)
  • Every clinical trial has a protocol, or action plan, for conducting the trial. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Except for small, single-location trials, the design and objectives are specified in a document called a clinical trial protocol. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2 Throughout the resolution "well-designed trials" refers to trials that are scientifically and ethically appropriate. (who.int)
  • We are committed to providing access that also protects patient privacy, respects the integrity of national regulatory systems and maintains incentives for those who invest in biomedical research. (bms.com)
  • A long-time teacher and trainer, Jurnack also advocates a careful reading of The Belmont Report , written by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research in the late 1970s. (acrpnet.org)
  • Trials may be separated into two main types: interventional or observational. (britannica.com)
  • Phase 4 trials look at long-term safety and effectiveness, after a new treatment has been approved and is on the market. (mayo.edu)
  • Clinical trials provide information about the safety and effectiveness of new approaches to see if they should become widely available. (asthma.ca)
  • Based on these interim findings, NIAID accepted the recommendation of an independent data and safety monitoring board to terminate enrollment into the trial and to offer ZDV to women in the group who had received the placebo but had not yet delivered and to their infants aged less than 6 weeks. (cdc.gov)
  • Some clinical research coordinators [CRCs] need to have a better handle on ethics and working with PIs," she adds. (acrpnet.org)
  • As scientific research has driven progress in cancer diagnosis and treatment, it has also led to significant changes in the way clinical trials are conducted. (aacr.org)
  • Will I Always Get the Experimental Treatment in a Clinical Trial? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Bristol Myers Squibb is committed to registering all Phase I-IV interventional trials, conducted in any geographic location, on applicable registries including ClinicalTrials.gov and EU Clinical Trials Register prior to the first patient being enrolled. (bms.com)
  • We are committed to disclosing the results of clinical trials on all applicable registries in accordance with applicable law. (bms.com)
  • Certain functions necessary to the trial, such as monitoring and lab work, may be managed by an outsourced partner, such as a contract research organization or a central laboratory. (wikipedia.org)
  • A phase 1 trial involves a small number of volunteers (20-80) that may or may not have MS. The aim is to see if a potential treatment is safe for people to use. (msif.org)
  • A Pragmatic Trial Evaluating the Impact of the Anumana Clinical Decision Support Tool for Guideline-Directed Management of Heart Failure (ACT-HF) Rochester, Minn. (mayo.edu)
  • The lab creates and employs transgenic mouse models of chronic nasal/sinus inflammation to support research in this area. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • For information on clinical trials pertaining to cancer, please visit the Cancer Center Clinical Trials Office website for information on available services and support for interventional cancer trials. (mcw.edu)
  • Through its Clinical Trials Office (CTO), the Wilmot Cancer Institute provides centralized research support and serves as a data repository for all oncology-related clinical trials at the University of Rochester. (rochester.edu)
  • In order to generate evidence that is robust enough to support decision-making, such as widespread use of therapeutics or preventives, trials should be designed, conducted, analysed and reported appropriately. (who.int)
  • The MaineHealth Office of Research Ethics and Compliance is responsible for providing training and support to MaineHealth clinicians, faculty and staff regarding regulatory requirements for scientific research. (mainehealth.org)
  • In many cases, the results of our trials have changed practice in Canada and worldwide," says Dr. Janet Dancey , CCTG Director and professor in the Queen's Department of Oncology. (queensu.ca)
  • These results will be validated in a larger phase three trial. (queensu.ca)
  • In alignment with the PhRMA and EFPIA Principles for Responsible Clinical Trial Data Sharing , Bristol Myers Squibb reaffirms our commitment to consider all company-sponsored clinical trials for publication in the scientific literature irrespective of whether the results of the trials are positive or negative. (bms.com)
  • The Company expects the trial to be completed in late 2014 with top-line results anticipated in the first quarter of 2015. (newswire.ca)
  • If phase 2 results show that a treatment is safe and has a positive effect in people with MS, it can be taken through to a phase 3 trial. (msif.org)
  • In a clinical trial, people try new treatments targeted at specific diseases. (mainehealth.org)
  • The Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG), headquartered at Queen's University, asks and finds evidence-based answers to critical questions about the best treatment options for the 225,000 Canadians diagnosed with cancer each year. (queensu.ca)
  • Trials are underway that assess the effectiveness of minimally invasive surgical techniques and devices, electrophysiology procedures, and medications. (atlantichealth.org)
  • Only 10 percent of all drugs started in human clinical trials become approved drugs. (wikipedia.org)