Clinical isolates of cryptococcus neoformans. Medical search. Frequent questions

This study provides a comprehensive picture of the C. neoformans/C. gattii molecular types most often associated with human cryptococcosis in Portugal and assesses the impact of C. gattii in these infections. (unl.pt)
This patient exhibited unusual clinical symptoms of cryptococcosis, reinforcing the suspicion for the presence of a different genotypic pattern, as determined afterwards. (unl.pt)
Cryptococcus neoformans is the causative agent of pulmonary cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, which are major clinical manifestations in immunosuppressed patients. (unifesp.br)
Cryptococcosis caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic mycosis, infecting mainly immunodepressed individuals. (unl.pt)
This paper presents a retrospective study of cryptococcosis in 105 cryptococcal isolates from two hospitals in Lisbon, Portugal, among HIV/AIDS patients, from 1991 to 2007. (unl.pt)
Cryptococcus gattii is known to be an etiologic agent of human cryptococcosis, particularly in immunocompetent persons. (biomedcentral.com)
Cryptococcosis is one of the more common systemic fungal infections caused by two main species, Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii . (biomedcentral.com)
Laboratory diagnosis of cryptococcosis includes direct microscopic examination, isolation of Cryptococcus from a clinical specimen, and detection of cryptococcal antigen. (biomedcentral.com)
Cryptococcosis is a type of systemic mycosis, caused by Cryptococcus neoformans [9]. (ukdiss.com)
Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis (PCC) is a clinical entity, differing from secondary cutaneous cryptococcosis and systematic infection. (medihelp.life)
The isolates were obtained during a first episode of cryptococcosis (simultaneous sampling of blood and cerebrospinal fluid) and after a relapse 3 years later (sampling of cerebrospinal fluid). (unipg.it)
Cryptococcus is the cause of cryptococcosis especially in people with immunodeficiency's systems. (aejournal.ir)
Cryptococcosis is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii . (aejournal.ir)
Cryptococcosis is a pulmonary or disseminated infection acquired by inhalation of soil contaminated with the encapsulated yeasts Cryptococcus neoformans or C. gattii . (msdmanuals.com)

grubii , serotype A ( 3 ), C. neoformans var. (cdc.gov)
grubii / neoformans has been isolated worldwide from soil enriched with avian excreta ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)
grubii and C. neoformans var. (cdc.gov)
grubii, 150 C. neoformans var. (uludag.edu.tr)
grubii (56 VNI, 8 VNII, 1 VNB), and 5 among the C. gattii species complex (4 VGI and 1 VGIV) isolates. (uludag.edu.tr)
grubii isolates. (unimi.it)
four strains were isolated, all C. neoformans strains belonged to serotype A and thus identified as c. neoformans variety grubii . (aejournal.ir)

In patients who are co-infected with HIV and C neoformans, the therapeutic goal may differ from that in patients with cryptococcal infection uncomplicated by HIV infection. (medscape.com)
For cryptococcal infections in patients with concomitant HIV infection who have a CD4 count of less than 200 cells/μL, the therapeutic goal is to control the acute infection, followed by life-long suppression of C neoformans . (medscape.com)
In a 2016 study of patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis, the addition of dexamethasone did not reduce mortality, was associated with more adverse events and disability, and resulted in slower clearance of Cryptococcus from the spinal fluid. (medscape.com)
Initial therapy should be considered successful only after CSF culture is negative for cryptococcal organisms and the patient has had significant clinical improvement. (medscape.com)
The most common clinical presentation is cryptococcal meningitis. (biomedcentral.com)
Notably, melanization, an important virulence determinant of C. neoformans, did not protect cryptococcal biofilms against chitosan. (elsevierpure.com)
The exposure of C. neoformans cells or preformed cryptococcal biofilms to fluconazole or voriconazole did not result in yeast growth inhibition and did not affect the metabolic activities of the biofilms, respectively. (who.int)
However, C. neoformans biofilms were significantly more resistant to amphotericin B and caspofungin than planktonic cells, and their susceptibilities to these drugs were further reduced if cryptococcal cells contained melanin. (who.int)
39 ºC, pulse of 120 beats/minute and a blood case of Cryptococcal neoformans var. (who.int)
Two days demonstrated by the present case, where the later, due to lack of clinical improvement, patient is infected with HIV, the fungus can an aliquot of the admission CSF was tested cause an infection regardless of the immune and found to have a cryptococcal antigen status of the patient. (who.int)

We investigated the ability of chitosan, a polymer isolated from crustacean exoskeletons, to damage biofilms formed by the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. (elsevierpure.com)

A new USC study finds, candida albicans Candida glabrata Many isolates are intermediately susceptible Candida parapsilosis Candida tropicalis Cryptococcus neoformans The following in vitro data are available. (ultimateunderground.com)

INTRODUCTION: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are encapsulated basidiomycetous yeasts with worldwide distribution. (unifesp.br)
Case summary We report a clinical case of blepharitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans yeasts in a 2-year-old stray cat from northern Portugal (Vila Real) without concurrent naso-ocular signs. (unl.pt)

Fungi that require special media include Cryptococcus neoformans (bird seed agar), Candida (chromogenic agar for its differentiation of isolates), dermatophytes (dermatophytes test medium), and Malassezia furfur (need long-chain fatty acid supplementation). (medscape.com)

neoformans, and 16 C. gattii species complex) from both clinical and environmental sources were analyzed by multi-locus sequence typing. (uludag.edu.tr)
The 16 European C. gattii species complex isolates analyzed in the present study originated all from the environment and all belonged to a large cluster endemic in the Mediterranean area. (uludag.edu.tr)
Abstract: Cryptococcus genus comprises two species considered pathogenic: C.neoformans and C.gattii. (unicamp.br)
Although Candida albicans is the species most frequently isolated from those patients, being responsible for more than half of candidiasis cases, the incidence of other species, such as Candida parapsilopsis and Candida tropicalis , is increasing [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
C. gattii has been isolated from native tree species on Vancouver Island and from the surrounding soil and air, primarily from the east coast of Vancouver Island. (whatcomcounty.org)
It is the second most isolated Candida species associated with invasive candidiasis (IC) behind C. albicans. (encyclopedia.pub)
Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a clinical condition that is not associated with a single Candida species. (encyclopedia.pub)
The increasing isolation of non- albicans species suggests increasing pathogenicity of these species with varying degrees of clinical symptoms [ 7 ]. (encyclopedia.pub)
Molecular identification and susceptibility of Trichosporon species isolated from clinical specimens in Qatar: isolation of Trichosporon dohaense Taj-Aldeen, Meis & Boekhout sp. (atlasclinicalfungi.org)
C. gattii has been isolated from decayed hollows of certain tree species. (msdmanuals.com)

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus of human beings that infects mainly immunocompromised patients. (unifesp.br)
Also linkage disequilibrium analysis reveals differences between clinical and environmental isolates showing a key role of PLB1 allele combinations in host infection as well as the key role of LAC1 allele combinations for survival of the fungus in the environment. (uludag.edu.tr)
Clinical resistance, which, in spite of in vitro susceptibility does not lead to eradication of the fungus, is also commonly observed. (tidsskriftet.no)
C. neoformans is a pathogenic fungus responsible for deadly mycotic infections in AIDS patients, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa [10, 11]. (ukdiss.com)
C. gattii is a fungus closely related to C. neoformans that can infect the pulmonary and central nervous systems of both animals and humans. (whatcomcounty.org)

In vitro synergy between amphotericin B and flucytosine or rifampin was observed for Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from patients who failed to respond to amphotericin B therapy [ 1939 ]. (drfungus.org)

I was mainly working on characterization of invasive strains, such as susceptibility testing and genotyping of Cryptococcus neoformans (master thesis), but also investigation of antifungal effect of different compounds against Candida , Aspergillus , Scedosporium and dermatophytes, biofilm forming ability of clinical isolates and anti-biofilm potential of plant compounds. (opathy.eu)
The review touches upon a problem of coinfection caused by several important fungal infections (aspergillus, candida, pneumocystis, cryptococcus) and infectious or parasitic diseases. (vestnikdv.ru)

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic germ, usually causing infections in immunocompromised patients. (medihelp.life)

C. gattii was isolated from both the cerebrospinal fluid and the pseudocyst aspiration. (biomedcentral.com)
1782, relapse), yet the cerebrospinal fluid isolates were indistinguishable from each other regardless of the analysis performed. (unipg.it)

400 clinical and environmental isolates into eight major molecular types: VNI (var. (cdc.gov)
Titan cells formation in Cryptococcus neoformans is finely tuned by environmental conditions and modulated by positive and negative genetic regulators. (broadinstitute.org)
However, when VNI and VNIV environmental isolates were compared, they showed a similar population structure with a high percentage of shared mutations and the absence of fixed mutations. (uludag.edu.tr)
The present study shows that genetic comparison of clinical and environmental isolates represents a first step to understand the genetic characteristics that cause the shift of some genotypes from a saprophytic to a parasitic life style. (uludag.edu.tr)
Monitoring of resistance to azoles in environmental strains from agriculture and farming, and in clinical isolates from patients receiving prolonged therapy and naive patients. (unimi.it)
Metabolic Phenotype of Clinical and Environmental Mycobacterium avium subsp. (sanchini-writing.com)
A Hypervariable Genomic Island Identified in Clinical and Environmental Mycobacterium avium subsp. (sanchini-writing.com)

The larger number of genotype VNI isolates agrees with the fact that C. neoformans var. (cdc.gov)
ST23 was the most frequent genotype (22%) among VNI isolates which were mostly grouped in a large clonal cluster including 50% of isolates. (uludag.edu.tr)
Among VNIV isolates, a predominant genotype was not identified. (uludag.edu.tr)

Infection with the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans can result in harmless colonization of the airways, but it can also lead to meningitis or disseminated disease, especially in persons with defective cell-mediated immunity. (medscape.com)
C. neoformans was categorized into serotypes A and D whereas C. gattii was classified into the serotypes B and C. Inhalation of spores is a primary route of infection that mainly affects immunocompromised persons, such as HIV-infected patients, organ transplant recipients, and patients receiving corticosteroid or immunosuppressive agents. (biomedcentral.com)
The main sources of infection with C. neoformans are excrement from birds, decomposing wood, fruit, and vegetables. (medihelp.life)
It is an infection with many clinical manifestations that potentially affect any organs. (encyclopedia.pub)
Cryptococcus neoformans Infection in Malignancy. (umaryland.edu)
Schmalzle SA , Hanes D, Taylor G. Clinical course of human monkeypox infection in a renal transplant recipient living with HIV. (umaryland.edu)
This study was conducted to investigate the infection of domestic cockatiels with Cryptococcus neoformans in Ahvaz. (aejournal.ir)
Risk factors for Cryptococcus gattii infection, British Columbia, Canada. (msdmanuals.com)
Because mumps orchitis is responsible for most cases of isolated orchitis, diagnosis in the ED usually is based on a reported history of a recent mumps infection or parotitis with a presentation of testicular edema. (medscape.com)

Although this organism is genetically related to Cryptococcus neoformans , a cause of meningitis in HIV-infected persons, Cryptococcus gattii is frequently associated with a different spectrum of disease, prominently pneumonia. (cdc.gov)

Overcoming fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans clinical isolates with tetracyclic indoles. (broadinstitute.org)
Mutations in TAC1B: a Novel Genetic Determinant of Clinical Fluconazole Resistance in Candida auris. (broadinstitute.org)

A molecular typing study of 498 Cryptococcus spp. (biomedcentral.com)

gattii serotypes B and C isolates. (cdc.gov)
gattii , serotypes B and C). No correlation between serotype and molecular type has been found for C. neoformans var. (cdc.gov)

Historical clues and physical examination findings may suggest a causative pathogen, but the clinical signs and symptoms of CAP are not sufficiently specific to reliably differentiate the exact etiologic agent. (medscape.com)

Cryptococcus neoformans was demonstrated to form biofilms in polystyrene microtiter plates. (who.int)
The numbers of CFU of disaggregated biofilms, 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide reduction, and light and confocal microscopy were used to measure the fungal mass, the metabolic activity, and the appearance of C. neoformans biofilms, respectively. (who.int)
In contrast, both C. neoformans cells and preformed biofilms were susceptible to amphotericin B and caspofungin. (who.int)

Worldwide, in immunocompromised hosts, most infections are caused by C. neoformans var. (cdc.gov)
Particularly common clinical syndromes associated with A. flavus include chronic granulomatous sinusitis, keratitis, cutaneous aspergillosis, wound infections and osteomyelitis following trauma and inoculation. (microbiologyresearch.org)

One patient was found to be infected with a VGII isolate. (unl.pt)
Todos C.gattii pertenceram ao genótipo VGII enquanto que 62 isolados de C.neoformans ao genótipo VNI e apenas 4 ao genótipo VNII. (unicamp.br)

the NCCLS method has difficulty distinguishing amphotericin B-resistant isolates from the susceptible ones. (drfungus.org)
Although most Cryptococcus neoformans strains are susceptible to fluconazole, isolates with high MICs have been detected [ 1118 , 1742 , 2451 ]. (drfungus.org)
Using Etest instead of the reference microdilution method has resulted in misclassification of a number of susceptible Cryptococcus neoformans isolates as being resistant to fluconazole, itraconazole, and flucytosine [ 2378 ]. (drfungus.org)
Colorimetric methods, on the other hand, might interpret some fluconazole- and flucytosine-resistant isolates as susceptible [ 1367 ]. (drfungus.org)
Similarly, most of the Cryptococcus neoformans strains are susceptible to itraconazole in vitro [ 576 ]. (drfungus.org)

In immunocompetent patients, the isolated pulmonary lesions usually heal spontaneously without disseminating, even without antifungal therapy. (msdmanuals.com)

In rare cases, mycoses can produce clinical disease in healthy persons, including oral lesions. (medscape.com)

Heterozygosis and pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans AD-hybrid isolates. (unimi.it)

Globally, most of the isolates recovered from AIDS patients belong to the genotypes VNI and VNIV, whereas the genotypes VNI and VGI are predominant throughout the world for C. neoformans var. (cdc.gov)
The aim of this study was to examine three serial isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from a patient with AIDS for genotypical and phenotypical characteristics. (unipg.it)
In conclusion, in serial Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from a patient with AIDS, phenotypical changes but not molecular changes were documented, thus supporting the role of microevolution as a pathogenetic mechanism(s) for persistence/reactivation of fungal organisms. (unipg.it)
Due to the contamination of domestic cocktails with C. neoformans, people with immunodeficiency's systems, such as AIDS and HIV should avoid contact with domestic cockatiel. (aejournal.ir)

To differentiate C. gattii from the more common C. neoformans , culture the isolate on canavanine-glycine-bromothymol (CGB) agar. (whatcomcounty.org)
If your laboratory does not currently use CGB agar for all Cryptococcus isolates, consider adding this to your laboratory's protocol. (whatcomcounty.org)

Microevolution of Serial Clinical Isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. (broadinstitute.org)

neoformans (VNIV), 65 among C. neoformans var. (uludag.edu.tr)
A high percentage of autochthonous STs were identified in both VNI (71%) and VNIV (96%) group of isolates. (uludag.edu.tr)
Population genetic analysis confirmed that VNI group of isolates were characterized by low variability and clonal expansion while VNIV by a higher variability and a number of recombination events. (uludag.edu.tr)

The remaining onefourth of enrolled patients had recurrent vaginitis 4 episodes12 months and achieved 57 clinical cure. (ultimateunderground.com)

The susceptibilities of C. neoformans cells of the biofilm and planktonic phenotypes to four antifungal agents were examined. (who.int)

Therefore, further studies are required to isolate the active compounds and perform other tests such as cytotoxicity. (biomedcentral.com)
Followed by synthesis, in vitro assay of these compounds was performed against Cryptococcus neoformans . (ukdiss.com)

In vitro data suggest that activities of amphotericin B and fluconazole against Cryptococcus neoformans may be enhanced by caspofungin [ 759 ]. (drfungus.org)
The mechanism by which amphotericin B and caspofungin interfered with C. neoformans biofilm formation involved capsular polysaccharide release and adherence. (who.int)

Sildenafil Viagra, defined as a complete resolution of signs and symptoms of vaginal candidiasis clinical cure along with a negative KOH examination and negative culture for Candida microbiologic eradication was 55 in both the fluconazole group and the vaginal products group. (ultimateunderground.com)

One hundred and twenty-two clinical isolates, from distinct patients, were identified as C. neoformans and genotyped by URA5-RFLP, with the molecular types VNI (45.5 %) and VNIII (30.9 %) being the most commonly found ones. (unl.pt)
A computerized tomography scan of the still principally isolated from patients with brain revealed mild ventricular dilatation apparently intact immune systems [ 8 ]. (who.int)

Promisingly, amphotericin B combined with fluconazole, itraconazole, or posaconazole yielded no antagonism in vitro and appeared synergistic for some isolates [ 187 ]. (drfungus.org)
Azoles, particularly fluconazole and itraconazole , have been shown to have fungistatic effects against most Cryptococcus neoformans isolates [ 343 ]. (drfungus.org)
In addition, we started itraconazole treatment 100 mg twice daily for 6 months, which led to rapid clinical improvement without relapse. (medihelp.life)

The evolution of drug resistance in clinical isolates of Candida albicans. (broadinstitute.org)
Phenotypical studies showed that isolate 1782 had significantly improved resistance to phagocytosis and killing by monocytes and polymorphonuclear cells and an altered efficacy in evoking cytokine response (augmentation of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin [IL]-1beta, IL-10, and interferon-gamma, decrease of IL-12). (unipg.it)
Interestingly, capsule size and antifungal drug resistance remained unchanged, while production of phospholipase and protease was consistently enhanced in the 1782 isolate with respect to the 1525 and 1526 isolates. (unipg.it)

Using E test method instead of NCCLS microdilution methodology may also enhance the detection of amphotericin B-resistant isolates, regardless of the test medium used [ 1383 ]. (drfungus.org)

Dentre 75 isolados clínicos reativados, foram identificados 66 C.neoformans e 9 C.gattii. (unicamp.br)
Foram obtidos 92 isolados ambientais de Cryptococcus, pertencentes às espécies C.neoformans (genótipo VNI), C.laurentii, C.albidus, C.flavescens e Cryptococcus spp. (unicamp.br)

The polysaccharide capsule of C. neoformans is negatively charged [13], and has a potential role in maintaining its virulence [14, 15]. (ukdiss.com)

The mycological culture showed milky and creamy colonies of C. neoformans after 3 days. (medihelp.life)

Diagnosis is clinical and microscopic, confirmed by culture or fixed-tissue staining. (msdmanuals.com)

Characteristics, clinical relevance, and the role of Echinocandins in fungal-bacterial interactions. (vestnikdv.ru)

The authors also investigate epidemiologic determinants of such clinical forms of pathologic process. (vestnikdv.ru)

Anatomy10

Organisms22

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs39

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes23

Disciplines and Occupations3

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science4

Health Care5

Cryptococcosis14

Grubii7

Cryptococcal10

Pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans1

Candida tropicalis Cryptococcus1

Yeasts2

Fungi1

Species10

Fungus5

Strains Isolated1

Aspergillus2

Opportunistic1

Cerebrospinal fluid2

Environmental7

Genotype3

Infection9

Meningitis1

Fluconazole Resistance2

Molecular Typing1

Serotypes2

Etiologic1

Biofilms3

Infections2

VGII2

Susceptible5

Pulmonary1

Mycoses1

Pathogenicity1

AIDS4

Agar2

Microevolution1

VNIV3

Recurrent1

Planktonic1

Compounds2

Caspofungin2

Symptoms1

Patients2

Itraconazole3

Resistance3

Resistant1

Foram2

Polysaccharide1

Colonies1

Diagnosis1

Echinocandins1

Epidemiologic1