• Hybridization of various chicken probes to two different chromosomes or to only the short or long chromosome arm of one chromosome pair in the species representing the orders Passeriformes, Strigiformes, and Columbiformes revealed translocations and chromosome fissions during species radiation. (kent.ac.uk)
  • We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes derived from bivariate fluorescence activated flow sorting of primate chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Hybridization of human chromosomes with painting probes derived from both gibbons showed that, with the exception of human chromosomes 15, 18, 21, 22 and the sex chromosomes, each chromosome was differentiated in at least two and up to six segments. (nih.gov)
  • We also show that the C. marmoratus Z and W chromosomes are genetically similar to each other as revealed by C-banding, comparative genomic hybridization, and the reciprocal painting of Z and W chromosome probes. (marquette.edu)
  • Upon hybridization, this produces a multicolored, or painted, effect with a unique color at each site of hybridization. (uams.edu)
  • This technique may also be used to identify cross-species homology by labeling probes from one species for hybridization with chromosomes from another species. (uams.edu)
  • Premature chromosome condensation in human resting peripheral blood lymphocytes without mitogen stimulation for chromosome aberration analysis using specific whole chromosome DNA hybridization probes. (uams.edu)
  • Use of cross-species in situ hybridization (ZOO-FISH) to assess chromosome abnormalities in day 6 in vivo or in vitro produced sheep embryos. (unina.it)
  • The probes have been used for molecular hybridizations (fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH) in clinical cytogenetics, Y chromosome mapping, sequencing, gene discovery, and comparative Y chromosome studies between the horse and other equids/ Perssodactyls. (veteriankey.com)
  • Pinkel D., Detection of aneuploidy and aneuploidy-inducing agents in human lymphocytes using fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome specific DNA probes, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
  • Eastmond D.A., Rupa D.S., Hasegawa L.S., Detection of hyperdiploidy and chromosome breakage in interphase human lymphocytes following exposure to the benzene metabolite hydroquinone using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization with DNA probes, Mutat. (gse-journal.org)
  • With flexible custom design, synthesis, and delivery formats to suit any species or application, myTags® Custom (F)ISH probes support every in situ hybridization (ISH) research goal. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Whole Chromosome Pinpoint FISH Paints from KromaTiD are available for all human chromosomes as standard products. (biocat.com)
  • Translocations in peripheral blood lymphocytes were scored by using fluorescence in situ hybridisation whole-chromosome painting. (cambridge.org)
  • synteny of human chromosomes 14 and 15 in the platyrrhines (primates, platyrrhini). (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Bahri-Darwich I., Vaiman D., Olsaker I., Oustry A., Cribiu E.P., Assignment of bovine synteny groups U27 and U8 to R-banded chromosome 12 and 27, respectively, Hereditas 120 (1994) 261-265. (gse-journal.org)
  • Modern genomic research generally focuses on the role of individual genes but the role of chromosomes and homologous synteny blocks (HSBs) is often disregarded. (ukri.org)
  • Fluorescence-labeled DNA probes constructed from three whole house mouse (Mus domesticus) chromosomes were hybridized to metaphase spreads from deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) to identify homologies between the species. (tamu.edu)
  • Phylogenomic studies using chromosome painting confirms the high conservation of DNA between even distantly related species [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human chromosome-specific probes for the entire karyotype were hybridized to metaphase spreads of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, to directly compare the evolutionary conservation of chromosomal segments between these two distantly related species. (tamu.edu)
  • The future of molecular cytogenetics is likely to depend on a better knowledge of chromosome structure and function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cyril Darlington pioneered plant cytogenetics in 1920-30 and made important advances in our understanding of mechanisms of chiasma formation and the behavior of sex chromosomes in meiosis [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One of the purposes of this review is to encourage research into chromosome structure as this could help advance molecular cytogenetics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With the aim of contributing to clarify questions concerning chromosomal evolution and phylogenetics of this family, we analyzed three species of subfamily Buteoninae (Rupornis magnirostris, Buteogallus meridionales e Asturina nítida) and two of subfamily Harpiinae (Harpia harpyja e Morphnus guianensis) by means of classical and molecular cytogenetics. (ufpa.br)
  • Flexible design -We can design your probes from any genome reference sequence(s), and can accommodate any cytogenetics use case, such as chromosome painting or barcoding, RNA-FISH, and much more. (arborbiosci.com)
  • We examined the intakes of these B vitamins and their food sources in relation to the frequency of chromosome translocations as a biomarker of cumulative DNA damage, in eighty-two male airline pilots. (cambridge.org)
  • In a Zoo-FISH study chicken autosomal chromosome paints 1 to 9 (GGA1-GGA9) were hybridized to metaphase spreads of nine diverse birds belonging to primitive and modern orders. (kent.ac.uk)
  • This was achieved through the use of comparative chromosome painting (CCP) which hybridises fluorescent, chromosome-specific probes derived from B. distachyon to homoeologous meiotic chromosomes of its close relatives. (aber.ac.uk)
  • The review provides a brief account of the structure of somatic and meiotic chromosomes, stressing the high conservation of structure in plants and animals, with emphasis on aspects that require further research. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We measured the meiotic recombination rate in two regions of chromosome 5, containing or not an NLR gene cluster. (metasystems-international.com)
  • In cases where human and primate karyotypes differ by chromosome rearrangements, reverse painting of primate probes resulted in a subregional delineation of the human homologous chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Non-Homologous Sex Chromosomes in Two Geckos (Gekkonidae: Gekkota) wit" by K. Matsubara, Tony Gamble et al. (marquette.edu)
  • We show that the ZW sex chromosomes of C. marmoratus and G. hokouensis are not homologous and represent independent origins of female heterogamety within the Gekkonidae. (marquette.edu)
  • Evaluating homology between the sex chromosomes of different species is an important first step in deducing the origins and evolution of sex-determining mechanisms in a clade. (marquette.edu)
  • Here, we describe the preparation of Z and W chromosome paints via chromosome microdissection from the Australian marbled gecko (Christinus marmoratus) and their subsequent use in evaluating sex chromosome homology with the ZW chromosomes of the Kwangsi gecko (Gekko hokouensis) from eastern Asia. (marquette.edu)
  • Mus and Peromyscus chromosome homology established by FISH with three mouse paint probes. (tamu.edu)
  • Three Peromyscus linkage groups were assigned to chromosomes, based on linkage homology with Mus. (tamu.edu)
  • Before this happens, each chromosome is duplicated (S phase), and both copies are joined by a centromere, resulting either in an X-shaped structure (pictured above), if the centromere is located equatorially, or a two-arm structure, if the centromere is located distally. (wikipedia.org)
  • De Novo Centromere Formation in Pericentromeric Region of Rice Chromosome 8. (zhangtaolab.org)
  • Centromere Enumeration Probes (sub-CEPs) from KromaTiD are available for all human chromosomes as standard products. (biocat.com)
  • The Pinpoint FISH TP53/CEP 17 Probe Kit is intended to detect the copy number of the LSI TP53 probe target located at chromosome 17q11.1 and of the CEP 17 probe target located at the centromere of chromosome 17. (biocat.com)
  • We now recognize that, following DNA replication, the metaphase chromosome consists of two chromatids held together by a centromere and by cohesin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both panels include myTags human chromosome 17 centromere probes [ATTO 647N] and chromosomes [stained with Hoescht 33342] pseudo-colored gray. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Chromosome painting is a useful technique for distinguishing specific chromosomes (fragments), elucidating the genetic relationships of different genomes or chromosomes, and identifying chromosomal rearrangements. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the karyotype structure of the Ringed Kingfisher ( Megaceryle torquata Linnaeus, 1766) and Green Kingfisher ( Chloroceryle americana Gmelin, 1788) and also compare them with related species in order to identify chromosomal rearrangements. (pensoft.net)
  • To better understand the karyotype organization in Melipona and the relationship among the subgenera, we mapped repetitive sequences and analyzed previously reported cytogenetic data with the aim to identify cytogenetic markers to be used for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and chromosome evolution in the genus. (karger.com)
  • Reconstructing the evolution of Brachypodium genomes using comparative chromosome painting. (aber.ac.uk)
  • Chromosome Evolution in domestic Bovids as revealed by chromosome banding and FISH-mapping techniques. (unina.it)
  • As a result, important data about its genome organization and evolution were obtained, such as the lesser gene density of the large metacentric pair compared with the other metacentric chromosomes, which supports the theory of a sex proto-chromosome pair. (metasystems-international.com)
  • This kind of result widens the knowledge of this species' chromosome dynamics and evolution. (metasystems-international.com)
  • Thus comparative analysis with chicken chromosome-specific painting probes proves to be a rapid and comprehensive approach to elucidate the chromosomal relationships of the extant birds. (kent.ac.uk)
  • Assignment of bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM1) gene homologues to bubaline, caprine, and ovine chromosomes by comparative mapping. (unina.it)
  • a comparative electrophysiological and behavioural study has been made in 17 closely related monkeys of the new world species, saguinus midas tamarin. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • The aim of the project will thus be to generate a freely available comparative genomic resource that can be used to compare the genome structures of 25-30 bird species. (ukri.org)
  • Morgan, Sturtevant, Bridges and Muller constructed the first genetic linkage maps from recombination studies in crosses made in the fruit fly and from cytological preparations of its polytene salivary gland chromosomes [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An extended river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, 2n=50) cytogenetic map: assignment of 68 autosomal loci by FISH-mapping and R-banding and comparison with humans chromosomes. (unina.it)
  • Probes were used from two gibbon species (Hylobates concolor and H. syndactylus) which both showed highly rearranged karyotypes. (nih.gov)
  • These heterochromatin patterns and the number of chromosomes are characteristics exclusive to Melipona karyotypes that distinguish them from the other genera of the Meliponini. (karger.com)
  • Kingfishers comprise about 115 species of the family Alcedinidae , and are an interesting group for cytogenetic studies, for they are among birds with most heterogeneous karyotypes. (pensoft.net)
  • Thus, it is possible chromosomal fissions in macrochromosomes resulted in the increase of the diploid number, whereas chromosome fusions have originated the karyotypes with low diploid number. (pensoft.net)
  • Avian karyotypes are characterized by internal variation in the size of chromosomes, presenting two distinct groups, macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. (pensoft.net)
  • This might be because rearrangements in the gene-poor Y chromosome have milder effect on the phenotype, as a result of which the affected individuals escape attention and are not subjected to cytogenetic analysis. (veteriankey.com)
  • The only true Y chromosome structural rearrangements, reported so far, are large-scale ECAY deletions in 64,XY sex reversal mares (Raudsepp et al. (veteriankey.com)
  • The possibility for developing such probes specifically painting homoeologous chromosomes in allopolyploid species has been questioned since that chromosomes belonging to the same homoeologous group share highly conserved sequences. (arborbiosci.com)
  • This indicated that the relationship among D/M/U was closer than that among D/A/B as well as D with genomes H/R/Ss/Sc/Y/P/N/J. Our successful development of 4D-specific oligo probe library may serve as a model for developing oligo probes specific for other homoeologous chromosomes. (arborbiosci.com)
  • In his famous textbook The Cell in Development and Heredity, Wilson linked together the independent work of Boveri and Sutton (both around 1902) by naming the chromosome theory of inheritance the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory (the names are sometimes reversed). (wikipedia.org)
  • Walter Sutton (left) and Theodor Boveri (right) independently developed the chromosome theory of inheritance in 1902. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2009), chromosome flow sorting and microdissection technology, and various genomic DNA amplification systems (Telenius et al. (veteriankey.com)
  • Since the long arm of ECAY carries the MSY and the PAR, the cells with i(Y) are genetically similar to those with Y chromosome disomy (YY). (veteriankey.com)
  • The authors justifiably conclude that chromosome counts can be misleading when interpreting the evolutionary histories of polyploid species, especially when "diploidization" doesn't result in a diploid at all. (molecularecologist.com)
  • This is despite the ubiquity of HSBs and the phenotypic consequences/evolutionary implications of chromosome rearrangement. (ukri.org)
  • Increased frequencies of chromosome abnormalities in Mediterranean Italian buffaloes affected by limb malformation (transversal hemimelia). (unina.it)
  • Compared to autosomes and the X chromosome, relatively few numerical or structural cytogenetic abnormalities have been reported for ECAY. (veteriankey.com)
  • Oligo painting was successfully used to define the 4D breakpoints in CS deletion lines involving 4D and two wheat-Haynaldia villosa 4D-4V translocation lines. (arborbiosci.com)
  • The extant genome of C. cordifolia originated from its tetraploid progenitor through descending dysploidy, whereby the origin of four translocation ("fusion") chromosomes reduced the original number of linkage groups from 16 to 12. (molecularecologist.com)
  • It is a member of a genus with fewer than 20 species, which have different genome sizes, basic chromosome numbers and ploidy levels. (aber.ac.uk)
  • The development of chromosome- or genome-specific probes is fundamental for chromosome painting. (arborbiosci.com)
  • In the present study, we attempted to construct a wheat chromosome 4D-specific oligo probe library by selecting 4D-specific sequences in reference genome of common wheat cv. (arborbiosci.com)
  • characterize the Atlantic Salmon genome in an attempt to document the ongoing process of diploidization in this species. (molecularecologist.com)
  • used chromosome painting to investigate the paradoxical genome number in C. cordifolia , and it turns out that the chromosome counts of C. cordifolia were not what they seemed. (molecularecologist.com)
  • Hence, C. cordifolia , while being a functionally diploid species, arose from a tetraploid genome. (molecularecologist.com)
  • In essence, this is what happens when the genome of a new species is sequenced. (ukri.org)
  • aquaculture production has experienced a great increase in the last decade and, consequently, the genome knowledge of the species is gaining attention. (metasystems-international.com)
  • In this sense, obtaining a high-density genome mapping of the species could offer clues to the aquaculture improvement in those aspects not resolved so far. (metasystems-international.com)
  • A total of 93 BAC clones were used to localize the chromosome complement of the species and 588 genes were annotated, thus almost reaching the 2.5% of the genome sequences. (metasystems-international.com)
  • In addition, karyotype comparisons in Alcedinidae show a heterogeneity in the size and morphology of macrochromosomes, and chromosome numbers ranging from 2n = 76 to 132. (pensoft.net)
  • Oligo painting using the probe library confirmed its specificity, shown by that only chromosome 4D could be painted in three wheat genotypes and CS nulli-tetrasomic line N4AT4D. (arborbiosci.com)
  • The number of human chromosomes was published in 1923 by Theophilus Painter. (wikipedia.org)
  • Telomeric Probes (sub-Telos) from KromaTiD are available for the p- and q-arms of all human chromosomes as standard products, other sequenced species are available by request. (biocat.com)
  • Since the genetic code was deciphered much has been learnt about the chromosome structure shared by all organisms from yeast to human. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All human chromosomal paints, except the Y probe, hybridized to Tursiops counterparts, and every dolphin chromosome was painted except for the smallest submetacentric pair. (tamu.edu)
  • Additionally, there are two reports about infertile stallions having XXY sex chromosomes - an equine counterpart to human Kleinfelter syndrome (Kubien et al. (veteriankey.com)
  • Furthermore, in the pheasants fission of the ancestral galliform chromosome 2 could be documented. (kent.ac.uk)
  • In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aided by the rediscovery at the start of the 1900s of Gregor Mendel's earlier work, Boveri was able to point out the connection between the rules of inheritance and the behaviour of the chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • myTags Custom probes from Daicel Arbor Biosciences have been used successfully in (F)ISH experiments with a wide range of organisms such as animals, plants, and microbes - and for a variety of research applications such as 3D DNA-FISH, RNA-FISH, chromosome painting and barcoding, and much more. (arborbiosci.com)
  • myTags Custom probes have been demonstrated to achieve highly specific targeted F(ISH) across a wide range of applications and species. (arborbiosci.com)
  • myTags (F)ISH probes have been used successfully across a diverse range of cytogenetic applications including 3D DNA-FISH, Cryo-FISH, RNA-FISH, Oligopaints, and chromosome painting for a variety of cell types. (arborbiosci.com)
  • Stingless bees of the genus Melipona are subdivided into 4 subgenera called Eomelipona , Melikerria , Melipona sensu stricto, and Michmelia according to species morphology. (karger.com)
  • Variations in morphology within species, and to a greater extent between species, led Linnaeus and other taxonomists to classify all organisms in terms of genealogies with species, families and orders depending on their similarities, starting with individuals capable of reproduction that defined a species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • He suggested to introduce the term chromosomics being equal to cytogenomics to bring the three-dimensional morphologically of chromosomes into the focus of research, as this is essential for gene regulation. (frontiersin.org)
  • An important breakthrough in horse Y chromosome research came with the availability of new genomics tools and resources, such as large-insert genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries (for review, see Rubes et al. (veteriankey.com)
  • Cai L., Taylor J. F., Wing R.A., Gallagher D.S., Woo S.S., Davis S.K., Construction and characterization of a bovine bacterial artifical chromosome library, Genomics 29 (1995) 413-425. (gse-journal.org)
  • Libert F., Lefort A., Okimoto R., Womack J., Georges M., Construction of a bovine genomic library of large yeast artificial chromosome clones, Genomics 18 (1993) 270-276. (gse-journal.org)
  • This is primarily due to the fact that numerous popular avian species lack sexual dimorphism, which means that there are no easily discernible physical characteristics to differentiate males from females. (tiktokparrot.com)
  • Spirochaetes of the genus Borrelia are a notable exception to this arrangement, with bacteria such as Borrelia burgdorferi, the cause of Lyme disease, containing a single linear chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cytogenetically, the species of the genus Melipona show variation in the amount and distribution of heterochromatin along their chromosomes and can be separated into 2 groups: the first with low content of heterochromatin and the second with high content of heterochromatin. (karger.com)
  • A species of the family Bovidae and genus Taurotragus , it was described in 1847 by John Edward Gray . (journeycoper650.click)
  • The prokaryotes - bacteria and archaea - typically have a single circular chromosome, but many variations exist. (wikipedia.org)
  • The chromosomes of most bacteria, which some authors prefer to call genophores, can range in size from only 130,000 base pairs in the endosymbiotic bacteria Candidatus Hodgkinia cicadicola and Candidatus Tremblaya princeps, to more than 14,000,000 base pairs in the soil-dwelling bacterium Sorangium cellulosum. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chromosome Painting" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)
  • KromaTiD sub-CEPs make use of pericentric non-repetitive genomic DNA to provide a uniform signal from chromosome to chromosome. (biocat.com)
  • 709 generation of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, Size Analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA), while diameter and and cytotoxicity [Lam et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Here especially highlighted variations of FISH are molecular combing, chromosome orientation-FISH (CO-FISH), telomere-FISH, parental origin determination FISH (POD-FISH), FISH to resolve the nuclear architecture, multicolor-FISH (mFISH) approaches, among other applied in chromoanagenesis studies, Comet-FISH, and CRISPR-mediated FISH-applications. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cytogenetic survey in endangered domestic species reared in southern Italy. (unina.it)
  • The mechanisms of transmission of both discontinuous and continuous characteristics across the generations were unknown before Mendel's laws were explained at the turn of the 20th Century by the behavior of chromosomes in germ cells [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These studies reaffirmed that chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and germ cell divisions were common to all plants and animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Germ line restricted B chromosomes in grasshoppers. (krakow.pl)
  • Onset and sequence of RBA-band replication on the inactive X-chromosomes of cattle (Bos taurus L.), river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.) and goat (Capra hircus L. (unina.it)
  • wp-content/uploads/2023/03/logo_color.png 0 0 raincastle /wp-content/uploads/2023/03/logo_color.png raincastle 2020-06-01 00:00:00 2023-05-03 10:56:09 Development and application of oligonucleotide-based chromosome painting for chromosome 4D of Triticum aestivum L. (arborbiosci.com)
  • In some bird species, males and females can be distinguished by their size and shape. (tiktokparrot.com)
  • Identifying bird species can be challenging, especially for rare or endangered species. (tiktokparrot.com)
  • brazil is the richest country in the world in terms of primate species and the amazonian rain forest is one of the richest biomes containing 15 (ca. 90%) of the neotropical primate genera. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • In general, Melipona species have 2n = 18 chromosomes, and the species of each subgenus share the same characteristics in relation to heterochromatin regions, DAPI/CMA 3 fluorophores, and the number and distribution of 18S rDNA sites. (karger.com)
  • Helix lucorum Linnaeus, 1758 (Gastropoda: Helicidae) - the morphological and molecular analysis of a new species to the Polish malacofauna. (krakow.pl)
  • The addition of colours not only simplifies chromosome identification compared to the analysis of classical banding based on grey values, but colour segmenting also provides simple coloured landmarks for further fine analysis by classical banding. (nih.gov)
  • DNA testing allows for accurate species identification, which is crucial for conservation efforts, habitat management, and ensuring the correct classification of specimens. (tiktokparrot.com)
  • The main part deals with examples of modern FISH-applications, highlighting unique possibilities of the approach, like the possibility to study individual cells and even individual chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Sexing river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.), sheep (Ovis aries L.), goat (Capra hircus L.) and cattle spermatozoa by double color FISH using bovine (Bos taurus L.) X- and Y- painting probes. (unina.it)
  • Therefore, microdissected Y-chromosome probes are good for FISH but not suitable for cloning and sequencing of the male-specific or pseudoautosomal regions of the chromosome. (veteriankey.com)
  • Additionally, by measuring the volume of oligo-FISH painted regions, they were able to calculate levels of chromatin compaction. (arborbiosci.com)
  • A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. (wikipedia.org)