Chromosome regions nucleolus organizer region. Medical search. Frequent questions

Acrocentric cryptic translocation associated with nondisjunction of chromosome 21. (cs-tl.de)
A study of cryptic terminal chromosome rearrangements in recurrent miscarriage couples detects unsuspected acrocentric pericentromeric abnormalities. (cs-tl.de)
Reddy KS, Sulcova V. The mobile nature of acrocentric elements illustrated by three unusual chromosome variants. (cs-tl.de)
Оf the research work was to establish the frequency and spectrum of chromosomal aberrations, associations of acrocentric chromosomes in infants from different ecological regions of Ivano-Frankivsk region. (org.ua)
Metaphase plates of 187 infants from different ecological districts have been analyzed with the aim to determine the frequency and spectrum of chromosomal aberrations, associations of acrocentric chromosomes in newborns. (org.ua)
The obtained results of the frequency of associations of acrocentric chromosomes correlated with the frequency indices of chromosomal aberrations (r correlated from 0.68 to 0.84), that proved the negative influence of ecological living conditions on immunogenetic status and adaptive human capabilities. (org.ua)
The frequency of cells with associations of acrocentric chromosomes was 7.8 % higher in children from zones of chemical contamination and 9.9 % from zones of radiation pollution as compared to the children from districts of ecological comfort. (org.ua)
Diploid chromosome number was 2n = 50 and karyotype consisted of 7 pairs of metacentric, 13 pairs of submetacentric, 5 pairs of subtelo- to acrocentric chromosomes, NF value equaled 90. (egejfas.org)
Karyotype was abnormal, with unbalanced 1q JTs to the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes 14 and 21, leading to gain of 1q. (biomedcentral.com)

Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are chromosomal regions crucial for the formation of the nucleolus. (wikipedia.org)
NORs can also be seen in nucleoli using silver stain, and that is being used to investigate cancerous changes. (wikipedia.org)
The distal flanking junction (DJ) of the NORs has been shown to associate with the periphery of nucleoli. (wikipedia.org)
Although the karyotypes are seemingly dominated by metacentrics, substantial variation in nucleolus organizing regions ( NORs ) is noteworthy. (pensoft.net)
Activity satellite association and polymorphism of Ag stained nucleolus organizer regions (Ag+ NORs) in lymphocytes from women with cervical uterine cancer. (org.ua)
The karyotype and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) of Anatolian leuciscine endemic to Lake Beysehir, Squalius anatolicus (Bogutskaya, 1997) were analyzed respectively using conventional Giemsa-staining, C-banding and Ag-impregnation. (egejfas.org)
Ag-impregnation revealed the size heteromorphism of NORs that covered almost the entire short arms of the middle-sized submetacentric chromosome pair. (egejfas.org)

Any cytogenetic investigation regarding NOR variability, telomere sequence and genome size in the Indian species becomes the most promising field to decipher chromosome evolution against the background of species diversity and evolution, especially in the Indian subcontinent. (pensoft.net)
Molecular cytogenetic characterization of three familial cases of satellited Y chromosomes. (cs-tl.de)
An interstitial nucleolus organizer region in the long arm of human chromosome 7: cytogenetic characterization and familial segregation. (cs-tl.de)
To better understand the karyotype organization in Melipona and the relationship among the subgenera, we mapped repetitive sequences and analyzed previously reported cytogenetic data with the aim to identify cytogenetic markers to be used for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and chromosome evolution in the genus. (karger.com)
Among the analyzed specimens, a large degree of cytogenetic variation related to diploid numbers and karyotype structure was observed, with karyotypes showing 2n=42, 44 and 46 chromosomes. (scielo.br)
Finally, the integration of both molecular cytogenetic and phylogenetic approaches allowed the determination of specific chromosomes possibly involved in rearrangements and a better understanding about the evolutionary processes involved in the differentiation of Synbranchus genus. (scielo.br)
Comparative molecular cytogenetic analysis of three Leuciscus species (Pisces, Cyprinidae) using chromosome banding and FISH with rDNA. (egejfas.org)
In a recent survey on cytogenetic studies of Chilean fishes, 27 species were registered with data on chromosome number, karyotype morphology and/or nuclear DNA content (García 2010). (scielo.cl)

The presence of interstitial telomeric sequences in constitutional chromosome abnormalities. (cs-tl.de)
Although JTs have been reported in neoplasms and constitutional chromosome abnormalities, they are rare chromosome rearrangements in neoplastic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

There are also DNA sequences related to rDNA that are on other chromosomes and may be involved in nucleoli formation. (wikipedia.org)
rDNA operons in Escherichia coli have been found to cluster near each other, similar to a eukaryotic nucleolus. (wikipedia.org)
In general, Melipona species have 2n = 18 chromosomes, and the species of each subgenus share the same characteristics in relation to heterochromatin regions, DAPI/CMA 3 fluorophores, and the number and distribution of 18S rDNA sites. (karger.com)
We have previously shown that these and other examples of nucleolar dominance in wheat are associated with undermethylation of cytosine residues in certain regions of the dominant rDNA. (ncsu.edu)
In addition, we have mapped several DNase I-hypersensitive sites in the intergenic spacer region of the rDNA repeating unit. (ncsu.edu)

Our studies define 1p13.3 as a genomic region harboring 16 NDD candidate genes and underscore the critical roles of small CNVs in in silico comparative genomic mapping for disease gene discovery. (bvsalud.org)
Cytosine methylation has been studied in wheat rRNA genes at nucleolar organizers displaying different activities. (ncsu.edu)
Ribosomal RNA genes at different nucleolar organizer (NOR) loci in hexaploid wheat are expressed at different levels. (ncsu.edu)
Even in wild-type “Chinese Spring”, the NOR on chromosome 1B is partially dominant to that on chromosome 6B, since the 1B locus is more active in spite of having fewer genes. (ncsu.edu)
One of these loci, designated QYr.ucw - 6B , mapped on chromosome 6B in a different location from other known stripe rust resistance genes (2). (ucdavis.edu)
Later, Dang et al (3) produced a higher resolution map of Yr78 and mapped it within a 0.05-cM interval that corresponds to an 11.16 Mb region between loci TraesCS6B02G116200 and TraesCS6B02G118000 in the "Chinese Spring" genome (RefSeq v1.1), which contains 15 genes. (ucdavis.edu)

The andromerogones for 5 sperm species showed a half of their respective diploid chromosome numbers without chromosome elimination. (bioone.org)
The chromosome number of the induced tetraploid Korean rose bitterling was 4n = 96, while that of the diploid was 2n = 48. (springeropen.com)
In the diploid, there were 1 or 2 nucleoli in the cells, whereas the induced tetraploids contained 1, 2, 3, or 4. (springeropen.com)
Also, the analyses indicate that chromosomal rearrangements occurred independently within the distinct lineages of S . marmoratus complex, which resulted in the appearance of distinct karyotypic variants in a non-linear fashion related to diploid numbers and in the appearance of similar non-homologous chromosomes. (scielo.br)

Fusion of the break-off donor chromosome segment to telomeric or interstitial regions of recipient chromosomes can form different chromosomal patterns of jumping translocations. (biomedcentral.com)

This method is applicable for analysis of the haploid male chromosome complement in sea urchin species for which only sperm can be obtained. (bioone.org)
Polytene chromosomes are structures found in highly specialized tissues in some animal and plant species, which are amplified through successive cycles of endoreduplication, finally producing several copies of each chromosome. (scielo.br)
In plants, polytene chromosomes have been observed in only a few species, and seemed to be restricted to ovary and immature seed tissues, e.g., in Phaseolus coccineus and P. vulgaris (Nagl, 1981), until relatively recently, when they were observed in the cells of the anther tapetum of Vigna unguiculata (Guerra and Carvalheira, 1994) and of some Phaseolus species (Carvalheira and Guerra, 1994). (scielo.br)
2006). Karyotypic relationships among the tribes of Hypostominae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with description of XO sex chromosome system in a Neotropical fish species. (geneticsmr.com)
Nuclear DNA content in 20 species of Siluriformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi) from the Neotropical region. (geneticsmr.com)
Cytogenetically, the species of the genus Melipona show variation in the amount and distribution of heterochromatin along their chromosomes and can be separated into 2 groups: the first with low content of heterochromatin and the second with high content of heterochromatin. (karger.com)
The karyotype pattern and simple NOR phenotype of S. anatolicus are nearly identical with that found not only in Squalius species analyzed to date but also in many other representatives of the Eurasian leuciscine cyprinids, which indicates remarkable chromosome stasis in this leuciscid lineage. (egejfas.org)
Characterization of eight species of Anostomidae (Cypriniformes) fish on the basis of the nucleolar organizing region. (egejfas.org)
A multiple alignment of the amino acid sequence across divergent species, identified five previously undescribed, Nogo-A specific conserved regions that may be relevant for development. (biomedcentral.com)

Jumping translocations (JTs) are chromosomal rearrangements comprising one donor chromosome and multiple recipient chromosomes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
JTs are characterized by translocations of one donor chromosome to various recipient chromosomes, resulting in several gains of this chromosomal segment and possible loss of segments of the recipient chromosomes [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Microsatellites were observed only in euchromatin regions, whereas the (TTAGG) 6 repeats were found at telomeric sites in both groups. (karger.com)

The degree of expression of a particular organizer depends on the genetic background, especially on the presence of other NOR loci. (ncsu.edu)
For example, when chromosome 1U of Aegilops umbellulata is introduced into the hexaploid wheat cultivar “Chinese Spring” the A. umbellulata NOR accounts for most of the nucleolar activity and seems to suppress the activity of the wheat NOR loci. (ncsu.edu)
Thirteen type I loci from HSA4q, HSA6p, HSA7q and HSA12q were comparatively FISH-mapped in four river buffalo and sheep chromosomes. (cnr.it)
Genetic loci are usually identified with a shorthand notation that indicates the chromosome number and the position of a specific band along the P or Q arm of the chromosome where they are found. (childrensmercy.org)

C-banding revealed clear pericentromeric constitutive heterochromatin blocks in several chromosomes. (egejfas.org)

These regions code for 5.8S, 18S, and 28S ribosomal RNA. (wikipedia.org)
Cytosine methylation in ribosomal DNA and nucleolus organiser expression in wheat. (ncsu.edu)

1985) described polytene chromosomes as giant chromosomes produced by changes in the mitotic cycle during the interphase stage. (scielo.br)

These heterochromatin patterns and the number of chromosomes are characteristics exclusive to Melipona karyotypes that distinguish them from the other genera of the Meliponini. (karger.com)
Observations of Drosophila salivary glands revealed that genomic regions could switch between states of euchromatin and heterochromatin (facultative heterochromatin), whereas others remain continuously condensed (constitutive heterochromatin). (biologists.com)

A molecular deletion of distal chromosome 4p in two families with a satellited chromosome 4 lacking the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome phenotype. (cs-tl.de)
Here especially highlighted variations of FISH are molecular combing, chromosome orientation-FISH (CO-FISH), telomere-FISH, parental origin determination FISH (POD-FISH), FISH to resolve the nuclear architecture, multicolor-FISH (mFISH) approaches, among other applied in chromoanagenesis studies, Comet-FISH, and CRISPR-mediated FISH-applications. (frontiersin.org)

Jumping translocations (JTs) are rare chromosome rearrangements characterized by re-localization of one donor chromosome to multiple recipient chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)

The exact sequence of these regions is not included in the human reference genome as of 2016 or the GRCh38.p10 released January 6, 2017. (wikipedia.org)
The evolutionary history of organisms is inscribed in the chromosomes, the physically visible form of genome. (pensoft.net)
For many regions of the genome, we have detected multiple overlapping transcripts including both small, gene-sized RNAs and large transcripts covering entire gene clusters. (ncsu.edu)
Specific regions that are mapped within a GENOME. (childrensmercy.org)

Clinical significance of the satellited short arm of human chromosome 17 (17ps +) : a rare heteromorphism? (cs-tl.de)

A heteromorphic ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system in fish, genus Hypostomus (Loricariidae). (geneticsmr.com)

For example the locus 6p21 is found within band 21 of the P-arm of CHROMOSOME 6. (childrensmercy.org)

Geneotype-phenotype correlation in satellited 1p chromosome: Importance of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) applicatiomns. (cs-tl.de)

Translocation of the nucleolus organizer region to the human X chromosome. (cs-tl.de)
ZOO-FISH and R-banding reveal extensive conservation of human chromosome regions in euchromatic regions of river buffalo chromosomes. (cnr.it)
Comparison of the human with the sheep genomes by use of human chromosome-specific painting probes. (cnr.it)

Comparative FISH mapping of bovid X chromosomes reveals homologies and divergences between the subfamilies bovinae and caprinae. (cnr.it)
The main part deals with examples of modern FISH-applications, highlighting unique possibilities of the approach, like the possibility to study individual cells and even individual chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)

Wolff advocated that the future embryonic regions of an egg first consist of granules or "globules" (viz. (biologydiscussion.com)
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) induce the proliferation of neural precursor cells isolated from specific regions of the embryonic and adult brain. (beauty104.com.tw)

1994 ). Inhibition of the first cleavage, as a technique for chromosome duplication, can theoretically induce diploidy in gynogenetically activated eggs, as well as in triploid and tetraploid normal fertilized eggs. (springeropen.com)
In vivo direct chromosome preparation (protocol for air drying technique). (egejfas.org)

The endomitotic cycle (endomitosis) starts with a normal prophase (endoprophase), after which the chromosome contracts further (endometaphase), their sister chromatids separate from each other (endoanaphase) and decondense to assume the interphase nuclear structure, resulting in polyploid cells, with double the chromosome number (endopolyploidy) at the end of each cycle. (scielo.br)

Los estudios sobre contenido de ADN nuclear en el género Genypterus son escasos, y el presente trabajo entrega por primera vez la estimación del contenido de ADN nuclear de Genypterus chilensis con un valor 2C = 1,0 + 0,06 pg, valor cercano al descrito para otras especies de Ophidiidae que varían entre 1,2 y 1,68 pg. (scielo.cl)

A de novo satellited short arm of the Y chromosome possibly resulting from an unstable translocation. (cs-tl.de)
Low recombination rates were observed in this segment, possibly due to the presence of the un-assembled nucleolus organizer NOR-B2 region within the Yr78 candidate gene region. (ucdavis.edu)

Nanos family is characterized by two specific Cys-Cys-His-Cys zinc finger motifs at the carboxy-terminal region which present a regular spacing between the Cys and the His residues. (nature.com)

Under this generic term, all chromosome-related studies should be summarized to introduce novel ideas and concepts in biology and medicine, thus having an integrative effect on the field. (frontiersin.org)

Some of these sites are located near the initiation region for the 45 S rRNA precursor, while others are associated with a series of short direct repeats 5′ to the 45 S rRNA initiation site. (ncsu.edu)

Bex1 shows cell density-dependent accumulation as a condensate either in nucleoli at a low cell density or at the apical cell surface at a high cell density. (biomedcentral.com)

Prenatal diagnosis of a rare inherited heterochromatic variant chromosome 4. (cs-tl.de)

Heteromorphic elements indicating sex chromosomes were not detected. (egejfas.org)

We developed a method for preparing male chromosomes from sea urchin hybrid andromerogones created with cryopreserved sperm. (bioone.org)

In 1888, Heinrich W. Waldeyer introduced the name "stained body" as "chromosome" ( Waldeyer, 1888 ) for what Gregor Mendel already postulated as "Kopplungsgruppen", which refers to "linked up groups" in German ( Mendel, 1866 ). (frontiersin.org)

In this paper some aspects of the occurrence of plant polytenes will be summarized along with the structure and function of these chromosomes. (scielo.br)

The DNA content and chromosome number of the tetraploids were twice that of the diploids. (springeropen.com)

Anatomy5

Chemicals and Drugs5

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes4

Acrocentric9

NORs7

Cytogenetic8

Constitutional chromosome abnormalities2

RDNA5

Genes6

Diploid4

Interstitial1

Species9

Chromosomal2

Telomeric1

Loci4

Pericentromeric1

Ribosomal2

19851

Heterochromatin2

Molecular2

Rearrangements1

Genome4

Heteromorphism1

Genus1

Locus1

Phenotype1

Human3

FISH2

Embryonic2

Technique2

Cells1

Nuclear1

Possibly2

Specific1

Studies1

Precursor1

Cell1

Rare1

Elements1

Male1

Body1

Function1

Content1