Chromatin cell growth. Medical search. Frequent questions

In addition, immunofluorescence may be used as a laboratory technique to tag cells with specific fluorophores using antibodies, immune proteins created by B lymphocytes. (wikipedia.org)
Studies in yeast and animals indicate that ASF1 proteins play important roles in various chromatin-based processes, including gene transcription, DNA replication and repair. (nih.gov)
Screen for multi-SUMO-binding proteins reveals a multi-SIM-binding mechanism for recruitment of the transcriptional regulator ZMYM2 to chromatin. (nih.gov)
Intriguingly, a remarkable number of the differentially expressed genes encode proteins engaged in histone modification and remodeling of nucleosome structure, emphasizing that extensive changes in chromatin structure are required for regulated gene transcription in the transition from proliferating myoblasts to terminally differentiated myotubes. (au.dk)
DDX5 is required for cell proliferation by controlling the transcription of genes expressing DNA replication proteins in cancer cells in which the DDX5 locus is amplified, and this has uncovered a dependence on DDX5 for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
The normal function of the proteins expressed by these genes is to recognize superfluous, damaged, aged, or aberrant cells that must be eliminated. (the-scientist.com)
But in order for a cell to read the DNA and put it to use making new proteins of its own, the chromatin must temporarily open up. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Specialized enzymes, often called "writers" and "erasers," add or subtract chemical groups to the packaging proteins to help induce the chromatin to open or close. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Chakravarti's laboratory identifies and characterizes the role of chromatin signal transducer proteins including the recently identified INHAT proteins in gene regulation. (northwestern.edu)
These studies are important because they identify these proteins as key transducers of chromatin signaling during cell cycle progression. (northwestern.edu)
We, in a dogma changing study demonstrated that key cell cycle genes are regulated by HCFC1 cofactor recruitment not by the E2F proteins but by a THAP11-ZNF143 transcriptional complex. (northwestern.edu)
The David lab found that the proteins most highly affected by glycation are histones - the spool-like proteins around which DNA is wound to form chromatin. (mskcc.org)
Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)
Histone H1.0 is one of the major proteins that organize DNA into the fibers of genetic material known as chromatin. (cancer.gov)
Different cells in our body function in distinct ways because of variations in the proteins made by each cell. (edu.au)
and the contribution of chromatin-modifying proteins to replication and repair. (usc.edu)
Cancer stem cell-associated proteins revealed by proteomics. (medscape.com)

and controlling the growth, division, and maturation (differentiation) of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
These changes may impair normal cell differentiation, which leads to the overgrowth of certain cell types, causing cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Here we analyzed the genome-wide changes in gene transcription occurring during growth and differentiation of porcine primary myoblast cells. (au.dk)
Overexpression of FLI1 in erythroblasts causes inhibition of differentiation and ultimately the development of pre-T cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The lab is also characterizing members of a novel THAP domain protein family regarding their roles in gene regulation, chromatin signaling, cell growth and differentiation and cancer. (northwestern.edu)
These play critical roles in cell growth and survival, differentiation, embryonic development, and their related pathologies, including oncogenic transformation. (pewtrusts.org)
We seek to identify novel epigenetic regulators and characterize their roles in controlling the patterns of epigenetic codes during normal cell differentiation and tissue development. (pewtrusts.org)
Genetically, MRTs typically demonstrate abnormalities in the SMARCB1 gene located on chromosome 22, which influences the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex that is involved in regulating cell cycle, growth, and differentiation (2). (goldenhelix.com)
Growth, therefore, consists of the enlargement and differentiation of existing cells. (britannica.com)
Structure-function relationship and regulatory activity on in vitro transcription and on cell growth and differentiation. (unicam.it)
The chromatin peptides show a regulatory activity on DNA in vitro transcription and on cell growth and differentiation. (unicam.it)
moreover, it inhibits the growth of HL60 cells with a parallel stimulus of differentiation. (unicam.it)
The Forsburg lab uses a mixture of classical genetics, molecular biology, and state-of-the-art microscopy to investigate how defects in replication contribute to genome instability during normal cell growth and during the differentiation process of meiosis. (usc.edu)
The Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program focuses on the underlying processes of normal and malignant cell growth and differentiation. (cancer.gov)
Temporal multimodal single-cell profiling of native hematopoiesis illuminates altered differentiation trajectories with age. (lu.se)

Cancer, characterized by uncontrollable cell growth mechanisms and high tendencies for proliferation and metastasis, is highly prone to mitotic mistakes. (wikipedia.org)
Taken together, our study establishes crucial roles for the AtASF1A and AtASF1B genes in chromatin replication, maintenance of genome integrity and cell proliferation during plant development. (nih.gov)
Moreover, in adults, Merkel cells undergo slow turnover and are replaced by cells originating from epidermal stem cells, not through the proliferation of differentiated Merkel cells. (medscape.com)
During myogenesis the satellite cells undergo a series of highly ordered events that include division and proliferation of mononucleated myoblasts, irreversible cell cycle withdrawal, elongation of myoblasts and finally cell-cell fusion, leading to the formation of multinucleated myotubes. (au.dk)
An early growth response transcription factor that has been implicated in regulation of CELL PROLIFERATION and APOPTOSIS. (harvard.edu)
Our results show a novel role for DDX5 in cancer cell proliferation and suggest DDX5 as a therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment. (aacrjournals.org)
Defects in the control of cell proliferation are a hallmark of cancer, and DNA replication is a key process for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
Tissue remodeling due to extracellular matrix production and fibroblasts proliferation is directly modulated by growth factors classified according to their biological properties into pro-fibrotic and non-fibrotic growth factors ( 6 ). (atsjournals.org)
Our extensive molecular and genome wide studies as well as analysis of human cancer samples suggest that WDR5-H3T11P interaction integrates epigenetic cross talk in driving androgen receptor target gene expression, prostate cancer cell proliferation and disease progression. (northwestern.edu)
Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
Butyrate-induced biological effects in bovine cells provide an example of epigenetic regulation and provide a basis for understanding the full range of the biological roles and molecular mechanisms that butyrate may have in animal cell growth, proliferation and energy metabolism. (usda.gov)
Through in vivo and in vitro experiments, we found that it promotes the proliferation, migration, and tubular formation of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). (cbinsights.com)
The TAGLN-positive cells, in turn, appeared to take on new proliferation, migration, and adherence capabilities in the lab, the researchers reported, hinting at a similar transformation during the development of endometriosis. (genomeweb.com)
This transition encompasses programmed shutoff of stem/progenitor genes, upregulation of T cell specification genes, proliferation, and ultimately commitment. (lu.se)
The levels are (1) a core gene regulatory network (GRN) architecture from transcription factor (TF) perturbation data, (2) a stochastically controlled chromatin-state gate, and (3) a single-cell proliferation model validated by experimental clonal growth and commitment kinetic assays. (lu.se)
Using RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) measurements of genes encoding key TFs and measured bulk population dynamics, this single-cell model predicts state-switching kinetics validated by measured clonal proliferation and commitment times. (lu.se)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)

SWI/SNF complexes regulate gene activity (expression) by a process known as chromatin remodeling. (medlineplus.gov)

Using a CRISPR Cas9-guided immunoprecipitation assay, we identify a circular RNA in the FLI1 promoter chromatin complex, consisting of FLI1 exons 4-2-3, referred to as FECR1.Overexpression of FECR1 enhances invasiveness of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
This study was designed to utilize next-generation sequencing technology, combined with ChIP (Chromatin Immunoprecipitation) technology, to comprehensively, quantitatively and cost-effectively analyze histone modification (acetylation) and to map protein target sites in the bovine genome that are responsive to modulation by VFAs. (usda.gov)
RNA sequencing, shRNA knockdown, and chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing were performed to detect the target genes of ginsenoside Rg1-CNV that regulate angiogenesis. (cbinsights.com)
With the help of follow-up immunohistochemistry, chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR, cytokine profiling, mouse modeling, and other experiments, the team suggested that Fusobacterium infection can boost transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) activation, prompting quiescent fibroblast cells to become myofibroblast cells expressing a cytoplasmic microfilament-associated protein known as transgelin (TAGLN). (genomeweb.com)

Histones play a critical role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, and developmental events. (cancerindex.org)
Cells can chemically modify their histones to control which genes are turned on or off. (mskcc.org)
Environmental toxins, UV radiation, diet, and metabolic disorders can affect the histones in cells (represented here by the multicolored sunbather in the beach chair). (mskcc.org)
Using advanced biophysical methods (in collaboration with Shixin Liu from The Rockefeller University), they then found that these glycated histones caused the chromatin to become disrupted. (mskcc.org)
By influencing how DNA is compacted into chromatin, histones help determine which of a cell's genes are turned on and which are turned off. (cancer.gov)
A hint comes from the finding that when tumor cells stop producing H1.0 histones, chromatin structure is altered and growth-promoting genes become reactivated. (cancer.gov)

The Chromatin and Epigenetics Program currently encompasses 34 faculty members, and participation of several laboratories from the National Institute of Environmental Health. (unc.edu)
The chromatin and epigenetics program at UNC provides undergraduate, graduate students and postdoctoral fellows with an exceptional training environment to conduct their research studies. (unc.edu)
Monthly chromatin group meetings involving all of the epigenetics community at UNC and NIEHS allow trainees the opportunity to hear cutting edge science and to receive feedback on their research. (unc.edu)
This collective group has formed the Carolina Chromatin Consortium (C3), which focuses on the organization of team science groups and tracking key seminars and events related to epigenetics. (unc.edu)
Graduate students in the Chromatin and Epigenetics program will be able to earn a certificate in Chromatin and Epigenetics that can be an additional element of their doctoral training. (unc.edu)
This certificate can be earned through participation in the many ongoing events focused on epigenetics at UNC, presenting at an international meeting, and by taking an advanced topics course in chromatin and epigenetics where students participate in the analysis of recent impactful papers in the field. (unc.edu)
Epigenetics Chromatin. (harvard.edu)
Bjornsson heads the McKusick-Nathans Epigenetics and Chromatin Clinic . (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Epigenetics, chromatin dynamics and human cancers (Mol. (northwestern.edu)
Our epigenetics researchers aim to unravel how epigenetic changes influence healthy and diseased cells, with a goal of better treatments for diseases. (edu.au)
Epigenetics explains how cells are able to use different parts of their DNA at different times. (edu.au)
Epigenetics examines how our body manages to create all of our different cell types - such as white blood cells, muscle cells and skin cells - from the same genetic code. (edu.au)
To address this goal, the program brings together scientific expertise in three areas: 1) transcription and chromatin organization, 2) noncoding RNAs and epigenetics, and 3) chromosomes and genome dynamics. (cancer.gov)

We also identified a WD repeat protein WDR5, which is a key subunit of the MLL/Set1 histone methyltransferase complex, as a transducer of histone H3 threonine 11 phosphorylation in prostate cancer cells. (northwestern.edu)
Dr. David and Qingfei Zheng , a postdoctoral fellow in the David lab, suspected that histone glycation would be a particularly challenging problem for cancer cells. (mskcc.org)
Mainly we try to understand how dynamic and coordinated changes of chromatin modifications including histone modification and DNA methylation (epigenetic codes) regulate gene expression in eukaryotic cells. (pewtrusts.org)
Now, CCR scientists have uncovered a key determinant of these growth-sus-taining cells: loss of a DNA-packaging protein called linker histone H1.0. (cancer.gov)
In every tumor, they found that levels of the histone varied signifi-cantly among cells. (cancer.gov)
Histone H1.0 is usually most abundant in specialized cells with little ability to divide, where most growth-promoting genes are kept safely off. (cancer.gov)
Supporting this idea, Scaffidi and colleagues also noted that histone H1.0 is consistently low in cancer stem cells, which have an unlimited potential to divide. (cancer.gov)

This occurs because loss of these genes causes an increase in chromosome fusions, either in an end-to-end manner or through topological entrapment (e.g., catenation or unresolved DNA cross-links), have also been associated with chromatin bridge formation. (wikipedia.org)
More than 30 mammalian genes comprise the TGFβ superfamily of growth factors. (nature.com)
Loss-of-function of either AtASF1A or AtASF1B did not show obvious defects, whereas simultaneous knockdown of both genes in the double mutant Atasf1ab drastically inhibited plant growth and caused abnormal vegetative and reproductive organ development. (nih.gov)
Alternatively, abnormal SWI/SNF complexes may disrupt the regulation of genes that help control the growth and division of cells, which leads to cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
[ 1 ] ETP-ALL frequently has mutations in RUNX1 and/or ETV6 in addition to genes that are more commonly associated with myeloid neoplasms and are otherwise rare in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (such as FLT3 , IDH1/2 , TET2 , and DNMT3A mutations). (medscape.com)
Other resistance mechanisms include DNA repair, suppression of oncogene activation, tumor-suppressor genes, epigenetic stabilization of chromatin structure, and apoptosis. (the-scientist.com)
Mutations in these genes can drive aberrant growth. (the-scientist.com)
Yet another group of genes associated with cancer formation regulates programmed cell death, or apoptosis. (the-scientist.com)
The importance of apoptosis is exemplified by the vertebrate adaptive immune system, in which B lymphocytes, as they differentiate from their precursor cells, rearrange the DNA of immunoglobulin genes to generate a vast number of potential antibodies. (the-scientist.com)
In recent years, other researchers have found that Kabuki syndrome can be caused by mutations to one of two genes - one for a writer, one for an eraser - with the same net effect on chromatin opening. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
These studies are highly significant because it changes the paradigm that E2F mediated HCFC1 recruitment is critical for expression of cell cycle target genes, and raises the possibility that E2F participates in this process by recruiting factors other than HCFC1, thereby promoting new directions of research in this highly active field. (northwestern.edu)
To understand the impact of somatic mutations on key regulatory genes in cancer, we are performing cell growth and DNA-binding assays, loss- or gain-of-function studies, examining protein-protein interactions and transcriptomics. (centenary.org.au)
Therefore, during development female cells apply epigenetic changes to permanently close down all the genes on one X chromosome. (edu.au)
In-depth biological analysis of connected genes in ANDnet and XORnet revealed genes that are related to energy metabolism, cell cycle control (AATF), immune system response, and several cancer types. (researchgate.net)

Chromatin is the network of DNA and protein that packages DNA into chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
The ARID1A protein and other SWI/SNF subunits are thought to act as tumor suppressors, which keep cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)
Early Growth Response Protein 1" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Early Growth Response Protein 1" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Early Growth Response Protein 1" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Early Growth Response Protein 1" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
The bromodomain protein Brd4 insulates chromatin from DNA damage signalling. (duke.edu)
If you require a native form of the protein please use the live cell version - found here . (abcam.com)
They traced these effects to a molecule called S100a4, which clung to protein-wrapped strands of DNA called chromatin. (cancer.gov)
This protein can also down-regulate p53 function and thus modulate cell growth and apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
The essential chromatin organising protein and tumour suppressor gene CTCF is central to our research focus. (centenary.org.au)
We are functionally characterising mutations in CTCF and their impact on DNA binding, protein-protein interactions, chromatin organisation and cell growth characteristics. (centenary.org.au)
Various extracellular signals can influence how much H1.0 a cell produces, and the researchers speculated that interac-tions with the tumor microenvironment could cause some cancer cells to stop producing this critical protein. (cancer.gov)
How then does a chromatin protein affect the tumor poten-tial of individual cells? (cancer.gov)
In summary, SMARCB1 creates a subunit of the SWI/SNF protein complexes, which regulate gene activity by chromatin remodeling. (goldenhelix.com)
Sir John Skehel's studies at the MRC National Institute for Medical Research revealed the 3D structure of a key protein in the flu virus called haemagglutinin, allowing influenza to stick to cells and infect them. (ukri.org)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)
protein sorting and protein maturation by passage through the cytoplasmic organelles of the cell. (lu.se)

After the formation of individual daughter cells, the DNA bridge connecting homologous chromosomes remains fixed. (wikipedia.org)
Chromatin bridges may form by any number of processes wherein chromosomes remain topologically entangled during mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
One way in which this may occur is the failure to resolve joint molecules formed during homologous recombination mediated DNA repair, a process that ensures that replicated chromosomes are intact before chromosomes are segregated during cell division. (wikipedia.org)
Chromatin bridges are easiest and most readily visible when observing chromosomes stained with DAPI. (wikipedia.org)
Because microtubules maintain the positions of the chromosomes during mitosis, they appear to be densely pinched between the two dividing, daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
In both groups, chromatin (the material that comprises chromosomes) elimination occurs during early cleavage divisions from the cell line that will give rise to somatic cells (cells that do not produce gametes). (britannica.com)
Female cells contain two X chromosomes. (edu.au)
Having two X chromosomes active within a cell is toxic. (edu.au)
Fission yeast is a simple, single-celled organism with chromosomes very similar to those in humans, and has proven to be an important model for cell division. (usc.edu)

It is becoming clear that epigenetic changes including alterations of chromatin modifications provide a key mechanism for regulating the diverse structural and functional features of chromatin, including control of gene regulation and maintenance of genomic integrity. (pewtrusts.org)
e.g. inflammation, genotoxicity, and This chapter focuses on issues as- ellers, growth factors, growth factor epigenetic alterations) and can have sociated with the understanding and receptors, signal transducers, and both genetic and epigenetic origins. (who.int)

The DNA within the nuclei of our cells carries the information to generate the machinery of the cell, the cell itself, our tissues and then the whole human. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor over-expressed in the bronchial mucosa of asthmatics, which is involved in eosinophil and macrophage accumulation in tissues ( 14 , 15 ). (atsjournals.org)
We previously reported the isolation of low molecular weight phosphorylated peptides from the chromatin of several tissues. (unicam.it)
Sir Peter Mansfield devised a way to harness cells' natural magnetic properties to produce images of soft tissues in humans, leading to the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (ukri.org)
5 The damaged brain tissue could be restored by angiogenesis, which provides oxygen and nutrients to improve recovery in the penumbra area, 6 and allows macrophages to clear necrotic nerve cells or tissues. (cbinsights.com)
Normal proliferative tissues contain multipotent stem cells (SCs) that drive tissue turnover. (medscape.com)
According to the cancer stem cell (CSC) concept, the cellular hierarchy in normal tissues is preserved in a number of hematological and solid malignancies. (medscape.com)
Tumors, like the tissues from which they originate, contain a unique SC population that is capable of self-renewal and of sustaining tumor growth indefinitely. (medscape.com)

Also see Merkel Cell Tumors of the Head and Neck and Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Rare Appendageal Tumors . (medscape.com)
Given the high frequency of DDX5 amplification in breast cancer, our results highlight DDX5 as a promising candidate for targeted therapy of breast tumors with DDX5 amplification, and indeed we show that DDX5 inhibition sensitizes a subset of breast cancer cells to trastuzumab. (aacrjournals.org)
But nonviral tumors, which are composed of aberrant host cells, do not provide such targets, and the immune response is suppressed by defenses against autoimmune reactions. (the-scientist.com)
In mice, Yang's team found that the contents released from burst nuclei triggered growth-promoting signaling in nearby mammary tumor cells and accelerated the growth of metastatic tumors. (cancer.gov)
The team suspects apoptotic cells may also help drive the growth of metastatic tumors in humans. (cancer.gov)
Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1), an ETS transcription factor family member, acts as an oncogenic driver in hematological malignancies and promotes tumor growth in solid tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Like the contents of this gumball machine, tumors are highly heterogeneous and a few specialized cells (green) drive the growth of the entire tumor. (cancer.gov)
The research was initiated when Paola Scaffidi, Ph.D., a former postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of CCR Director Tom Misteli, Ph.D. , and now a group leader at the Francis Crick Institute in London, sought an explanation for why some tumor cells can spur tumor growth and give rise to new tumors when they are transplanted into animals while other cells from the same tumor cannot. (cancer.gov)
What's more, glioblastoma and breast cancer samples that had the highest proportion of cells with low levels of H1.0 tended to be aggressive tumors. (cancer.gov)
From Gizmodo Shady Stem Cell Therapies Can Cause Tumors, Infections, and Death, Doctors Report and here's the original article " Complications from "Stem Cell Tourism in Neurology . (ipscell.com)
The cancer stem cell theory holds that tumors also contain stem-like cells that drive tumor growth and metastasis formation. (medscape.com)
Meningiomas , as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), are "meningothelial (arachnoid) cell neoplasms, typically attached to the inner surface of the dura mater," and these tumors fall into WHO grades I, II, and III. (medscape.com)
Resolving the Pathogenesis of Anaplastic Wilms Tumors through Spatial Mapping of Cancer Cell Evolution. (lu.se)

These data suggest that FECR1 circular RNA acts as an upstream regulator to control breast cancer tumor growth by coordinating the regulation of DNA methylating and demethylating enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)
The findings, reported in Science , suggest that it may be possible to stop tumor growth clinically with interventions that modify H1.0 levels or otherwise alter the chromatin landscape of tumor cells. (cancer.gov)
Our HCC signature covered well-established liver cancer hallmarks, and network analyses revealed coordinated interaction between several MRs. One novel MR, SEC14L2 , exerted an anti-proliferative effect in HCC cells and strongly suppressed tumor growth in a mouse model. (aging-us.com)
These findings have prompted researchers to develop antiprogesterone medications, such as mifepristone (RU-486), which appears to inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. (medscape.com)

This premise is based on the fact that as the mitotic cell divides and the daughter cells move further apart, stress on the DNA bridge leads to breakages in the chromosome at random points. (wikipedia.org)
A chronic myelogenous leukemia-like myeloproliferative disorder accompanied by T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma with chromosome translocation t(8;13)(p11;q12): a Japanese case. (nih.gov)
Beyond their nutritional impact, clear evidence is beginning to link modifications in chromatin structure induced by butyrate to cell cycle progression, DNA replication and overall chromosome stability. (usda.gov)
Male cells contain one X and one Y chromosome. (edu.au)

Maturation (decrease in nuclear size of melanocytes with chromatin becoming darker accompanied by reduction in the amount of cytoplasm) with depth is present in many cases (Requena et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)

Fluorescence microscopy allows for the observation of different components of the cell against a dark background for high intensity and specificity. (wikipedia.org)

With the advent of improved immunohistochemical profiling, the tumor was reclassified as Merkel cell carcinoma because shared epithelial and neuroendocrine markers, along with ultrastructural features suggestive of neural crest origin, were observed in both the constituent tumor cell and the physiologic Merkel cell of the skin. (medscape.com)
Within skin, Merkel cells have also been shown to cluster in the basal layers of the interfollicular epidermis in specialized epithelial structures called touch domes, where they are juxtaposed with epidermal keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
[ 5 , 6 ] Furthermore, experiments have demonstrated that epidermal progenitors in the touch domes are capable of producing Merkel cell lines and that epithelial progenitor populations in adults have the capacity to give rise to both neuroendocrine and squamous lineages. (medscape.com)
Other suggested cells of origin include the neural crest‒derived cell of amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) system, dermal fibroblasts, pre or pro B cells, residual epidermal stem cells, and epithelial, non-Merkel cell progenitors. (medscape.com)
We find that the DDX5 locus is frequently amplified in breast cancer and that breast cancer-derived cells with amplification of DDX5 are much more sensitive to its depletion than breast cancer cells and a breast epithelial cell line that lacks DDX5 amplification. (aacrjournals.org)
Mostafa MM, Bansal A, Michi AN, Sasse SK, Proud D, Gerber AN , Newton R. Genomic determinants implicated in the glucocorticoid-mediated induction of KLF9 in pulmonary epithelial cells. (nationaljewish.org)
By comparison, with normal subjects, EGF immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the epithelium of bronchitic subjects and submucosa of asthmatics, and, GM-CSF immunoreactivity was increased in both epithelial and submucosal cells of asthmatics and to a lesser extent in submucosa of bronchitics. (atsjournals.org)
A significant correlation was found between the number of epithelial or submucosal cells expressing TGF- β in both asthma and chronic bronchitis and basement membrane thickness and fibroblast number. (atsjournals.org)
TGF-β can be generated by many cells, such as macrophages, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and eosinophils ( 9-11 ). (atsjournals.org)
[ 2 ] The arachnoid cells have several proposed functions, including acting as a structural barrier with cellular wrapping/ensheathing, acting as a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage/absorption into dural sinuses/veins (arachnoid villi), epithelial-like/secretory functions, monocytelike functions, trophic support and byproduct detoxification for glial and neuronal cells, and participation in reactive/reparative processes. (medscape.com)
Both non-neoplastic meningothelial cells and meningiomas possess mixed features of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. (medscape.com)

Chromatin dynamics and arrangement are involved in many biological processes in nuclei of eukaryotes including plants. (nature.com)
It was revealed that homologous loci kept a constant distance in nuclei of A. thaliana roots in general growth. (nature.com)
however, little is known about chromatin dynamics in nuclei of A. thaliana . (nature.com)
Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and immunofluorescence staining has been mainly used to analyse the gene localization and chromatin distribution in nuclei of A. thaliana . (nature.com)
Our results suggest that the transient reduction in inter-allelic distance and increase in pairing frequency of homologous loci after DSB result in partial chromatin reorganisation of interphase nuclei and that AtRAD54 contributes to the subcellular movement of homologous loci in the HR repair pathway. (nature.com)
Collaborating with Steven D. Cappell, Ph.D. , Stadtman Investigator in the Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, who applies state-of-the-art live-cell imaging approaches in his cell cycle research, they saw the nuclei of dying cells swell dramatically and then burst, spewing their DNA and other contents into their surroundings. (cancer.gov)

DNA damage activates a signalling network that blocks cell-cycle progression, recruits DNA repair factors and/or triggers senescence or programmed cell death. (duke.edu)

A role for BAF57 in cell cycle-dependent transcriptional regulation by the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. (medlineplus.gov)

Our program is centered on a highly collaborative and team science environment that has a dedicated goal of solving fundamental and challenging problems in chromatin biology - with an emphasis on developing novel approaches towards treating human disease. (unc.edu)
When cancer cells die, they leave behind signals that spur the growth of the cells they've left behind, according to a new study led by Li Yang, Ph.D. , Senior Investigator in the Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics . (cancer.gov)
BMC Cell Biology, 9 , 45. (springer.com)
Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)

The faithful inheritance of genetic information from one cellular generation to the next heavily relies on the duplication of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), as well as the formation of two identical daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
In particular, genetic studies have demonstrated that the loss of the enzymes BLM (Bloom's Syndrome Helicase) or FANCM each result in a dramatic increase in the number of chromatin bridges. (wikipedia.org)
Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery affect how cells 'package' and use DNA, so they tend to have complicated and far-reaching effects," says Hans Bjornsson, M.D., Ph.D., an assistant professor of pediatrics and genetics in the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine's McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)

Chromatin bridges may serve as a marker of cancer activity. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, chromatin bridges have been implied as a diagnostic marker for cancer, while having been linked to tumorigenesis in humans. (wikipedia.org)
This skin cancer has been called by several other names, including primary small-cell carcinoma of the skin, APUDoma, primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, and the Toker tumor. (medscape.com)
13 Genome Plasticity and B Cell, University of Paris-Sud, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Cancer Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. (jci.org)
Chromatin Remodeling of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis is Mediated by an HGF-PU.1-DPP4 Axis. (duke.edu)
GLI1 interaction with p300 modulates SDF1 expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts to promote pancreatic cancer cells migration. (mayo.edu)
Access thousands of knockout cell lysates, generated from commonly used cancer cell lines. (abcam.com)
Understanding how DNA replication is regulated in human cells can provide insight into cancer development and may reveal vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically. (aacrjournals.org)
For example, normal stroma, the connective material that supports the cells of a tissue, appears to inhibit cancer growth. (the-scientist.com)
Their normal function is not to cause cancer but to participate in the regulation of normal cell division. (the-scientist.com)
Extraction from 9 parameters of KSO-SFE was screened for cytotoxicity towards human colorectal cancer cell lines (HT29) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cell lines using MTS assay. (hindawi.com)
Previous study has shown that kenaf seed oil extracted by SFE (KSO-SFE) is cytotoxic towards human cervical cancer cell line [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, this study determined the cytotoxicity of KSO-SFE on colon cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
Human colorectal cancer (HT29) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cell lines were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), USA. (hindawi.com)
Cancer cells that die via apoptosis (larger dark purple structures) expel their nuclear contents (orange and yellow stringy structures) to spur metastasis and growth of living cancer cells (smaller light blue structures). (cancer.gov)
Yang says her team's findings highlight the fact that individual cancer cells are part of a community of cells whose members influence one another's behavior - even in their final moments. (cancer.gov)
Within cancer cell communities, she says, death is commonplace. (cancer.gov)
And when a patient undergoes cancer treatment, the number of dying cancer cells in the body rises still further. (cancer.gov)
Various stressors that cancer cells naturally encounter in the body can trigger apoptosis. (cancer.gov)
The researchers' first step was to watch cancer cells under a microscope as they underwent apoptosis. (cancer.gov)
They say it may be possible to block those signals to prevent cells that die during cancer therapy from provoking the growth of any cancer cells that remain. (cancer.gov)
The proper copying and repair of DNA to maintain the correct sequence and structure of genomes is critical to the proper function of cells, and repair and replication is frequently disrupted in cancers and targeted by cancer treatments. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Our research is defining the normal mechanisms of DNA replication and repair, with the aim of understanding how it is deregulated in cancer cells. (birmingham.ac.uk)
In non-small cell lung cancer, the FLI1 expression score is associated with the stage of SCLC. (biomedcentral.com)
Using this CasIP assay, we identified FECR1, a FLI1 exonic circular RNA that binds to the FLI1 promoter and epigenetically activates FLI1 in breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Modulation of chromatin modification is essential for gene expression and therefore its alteration has been linked to human diseases including cancer. (northwestern.edu)
Cancer cells are especially dependent on this form of sanitation, which may make them vulnerable to treatments that remove it. (mskcc.org)
A team of scientists from the Sloan Kettering Institute led by chemical biologist Yael David reported in Nature Communications that cancer cells are especially susceptible to this type of damage. (mskcc.org)
Because of the way they consume nutrients, cancer cells produce a lot of metabolic waste products. (mskcc.org)
Because of the way they consume nutrients, cancer cells produce a lot of metabolic waste products," Dr. David says. (mskcc.org)
By increasing the activity of DJ-1, cancer cells avoid being poisoned by their own overzealous feasting, the team discovered. (mskcc.org)
That is because cancer cells rely on a type of metabolism called aerobic glycolysis that is known to generate lots of unstable chemical by-products. (mskcc.org)
Loss of a genome-organization factor gives a subset of cancer cells the ability to self-renew. (cancer.gov)
The molecular makeup and biological properties of cancer cells can vary significantly, even within the same tumor. (cancer.gov)
Using sensitive single-cell analysis methods, including imaging, Scaffidi and her colleagues measured H1.0 in tumor samples from six different types of cancer. (cancer.gov)
Because loss of genome integrity and deregulation of cell division is associated with cancer, this is a fundamental form of cancer research. (usc.edu)
Through agreements with other institutions, Wistar researchers have preferred access to collaborating resources, including the Gene Editing Institute at Christiana Care's Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute and the Cell Culture and Transgenic Mouse Facilities at Fox Chase Cancer Center. (cancer.gov)
Regenerative Reprogramming of the Intestinal Stem Cell State via Hippo Signaling Suppresses Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. (ipscell.com)
Can we reprogram cancer cells or their niche to stop them? (ipscell.com)
The CSC is defined as a cancer cell with self-renewing capacity that can regenerate the original tumor in all its differentiated heterogeneity. (medscape.com)

The Chromatin Regulator ZMYM2 Restricts Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Growth and Is Essential for Teratoma Formation. (nih.gov)

Reveal how epigenetic changes control the development and function of different cell types in health and disease. (edu.au)

Fluorophores may be added as a molecular tag to different portions of a cell. (wikipedia.org)
Ongoing studies seek to understand the molecular differences between the various types of cells in a tumor. (cancer.gov)
Molecular models of small phosphorylated chromatin peptides. (unicam.it)
Intrathymic development of committed progenitor (pro)-T cells from multipotent hematopoietic precursors offers an opportunity to dissect the molecular circuitry establishing cell identity in response to environmental signals. (lu.se)
Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)

Allele-specific open chromatin in human iPSC neurons elucidates functional disease variants. (ipscell.com)
functional chromosomal elements and chromatin structure. (lu.se)

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma with growing incidence and high metastatic potential. (medscape.com)
Here it is shown that metastatic cells undergo specific chromatin remodeling in the liver. (duke.edu)

We revealed that the homologous loci kept a constant three-dimensional distance in the nucleus using live-cell imaging with a bacterial operator/repressor system. (nature.com)

In this study, we investigated the chromatin dynamics and arrangement with DNA damage in Arabidopsis thaliana by live-cell imaging with the lacO /LacI-EGFP system and simulation analysis. (nature.com)
Therefore, they cannot be adapted to in vivo detection of chromatin dynamics and arrangement. (nature.com)
One live-cell imaging technique, a chromatin-tagging system that is based on the bacterial operator/repressor system, has been a powerful technique for analysing chromatin dynamics and arrangement in real time 11 , 12 . (nature.com)
Here, we examined chromatin dynamics and arrangement in living roots of A. thaliana with DNA damage, focusing our attention on the distance between homologous loci using the lacO /LacI-EGFP system. (nature.com)

We applied an assay that measures the stability of maintenance of an episomal plasmid in human tissue culture cells to screen for new DNA replication factors. (aacrjournals.org)

As the daughter cells exit mitosis and re-enter interphase, the chromatin bridge becomes known as an interphase bridge. (wikipedia.org)

When viewed under a fluorescence microscope and immunostained for cytological markers, these chromatin bridges appear to emanate from either centromeres, telomeres or DNA crosslinks (as marked by FANCD2). (wikipedia.org)
Chromatin bridges can be viewed utilizing a laboratory technique known as fluorescence microscopy. (wikipedia.org)
Chromatin bridges can be difficult to locate utilizing fluorescence microscopy, as this phenomenon is not incredibly abundant and tend to appear faint against the dark background. (wikipedia.org)
With that in mind, he and his colleagues turned to gene expression profiling, single-cell RNA sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to assess uterus endometrial fibroblast and ovarian endometriotic lesion samples from individuals with endometriosis and samples from unaffected controls. (genomeweb.com)

For optimal ChIP results, use 20 μl of antibody and 10 μg of chromatin (approximately 4 x 10 6 cells) per IP. (cellsignal.com)

This definitive cell number is attained during embryonic development. (britannica.com)
Principles of how dysregulation causes tumour growth and deviant embryonic development. (lu.se)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is another growth factor that participates in repair processes targeted at the resurfacing of a wound with new epithelium ( 12 ). (atsjournals.org)
Because of the influence on different cell cycle processes, SMARCB1 is understood to be a tumor suppressor gene. (goldenhelix.com)

Cell cycle analysis showed a significant increase in the accumulation of KSO-SFE-treated cells at sub-G1 phase, indicating the induction of apoptosis by KSO-SFE. (hindawi.com)
To investigate this, Yang and her team, including postdoctoral fellow Woo-Yong Park, Ph.D., and graduate student Justin Grey, focused on cells that die through a process known as apoptosis. (cancer.gov)
Low levels of pyruvate induced by a positive feedback loop protects cholangiocarcinoma cells from apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)

Ultimately, it is unclear whether the eponymous Merkel cell is truly a histiogenic precursor of Merkel cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
However, its role has not been evaluated in hypoxic choroidal endothelial cells (CECs), the precursor of VEGF-mediated choroidal angiogenesis. (molvis.org)
Lymphoblastic leukemias/lymphomas are neoplasms of precursor T cells and B cells or lymphoblasts. (medscape.com)
however, because lymphoblastic lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are known to represent the same disease entity, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification has unified these entities as precursor B-cell and T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Although several subtypes of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma exist, early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL) is the only subtype recognized as an entity in the revised 2016 WHO tumor classification. (medscape.com)

Stabilization of heterochromatin by CLOCK promotes stem cell rejuvenation and cartilage regeneration. (ipscell.com)

The long-term goal of my research is to understand how processing of human genomic information is controlled epigenetically through chromatin modifications and how dysregulation of these epigenetic events contributes to complex human diseases. (pewtrusts.org)

Translocation of this gene with the fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 gene (FGFR1) results in a fusion gene, which may be a cause of stem cell leukemia lymphoma syndrome (SCLL). (nih.gov)
Meningiomas vary in expression of receptors for other hormones (eg, epidermal growth factor [EGF], platelet derived growth factor [PDGF], fibroblast growth factor), which makes them less likely candidates for oncogenesis of meningiomas. (medscape.com)

The structure of chromatin can be changed (remodeled) to alter how tightly DNA is packaged. (medlineplus.gov)

Stem Cell Reports, 2020 Dec 8. (nih.gov)
Stem Cells Transl Med. (uniklinikum-dresden.de)
A study in Nature suggests epitope editing in donor stem cells prior to bone marrow transplants can stave off toxicity when targeting acute myeloid leukemia with immunotherapy. (genomeweb.com)
What are stem cells? (ipscell.com)
What's new this week in terms of reads includes a stem cell/drug combo for diabetic wonderments healing, more documentation of patient harms from stem cell clinics, and a list of recommending papers. (ipscell.com)
For this work, scientists have combined adult stem cells with a repurposed drug that improves healing to create a novel bioengineered scaffold that could someday lead to a new treatment for chronic diabetic ulcers," said Anthony Atala, M.D., Editor-in-Chief of STEM CELLS Translational Medicine and director of the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine. (ipscell.com)
And in the big picture, one in four neurologists has had a patient with a bad outcome from stem cell clinic. (ipscell.com)
I think that academic neurologists are the last line of defense against "stem cell tourism', since the majority of patients ask for guidance and have questions regarding stem cells. (ipscell.com)
Talk between metformin and stem cells. (ipscell.com)
Normal multipotent tissue stem cells (SCs) are the driving force behind tissue turnover and repair. (medscape.com)
UniStem Day is the largest educational outreach initiative on stem cells and regenerative medicine in Europe. (lu.se)
Bringing together Universities and high school students, UniStem Day is an opportunity to foster learning, discovery and debate in the field of stem cell research - inspiring the scientists of tomorrow. (lu.se)
Lund Stem Cell Center will host UniStem Day 2024 on Friday, 22 March, 2024, with high school students from all over Skåne. (lu.se)
How to become a stem cell scientist? (lu.se)
How do blood stem cells look in the microscope? (lu.se)
These and many more questions will be answered by PhD students, postdoctoral fellows, and senior scientists from Lund Stem Cell Center during UniStem Day 2024. (lu.se)

Current research is focused on the mechanisms that regulate SMAD activity to evoke cell-type-specific and context-dependent transcriptional programmes. (nature.com)
Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)

Without a system to remove waste products, cells would be poisoned by their own metabolism. (mskcc.org)

Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum, a human skin colonizer, induces the canonical nuclear factor-kappaB inflammatory signaling pathway in human skin cells. (nationaljewish.org)

7 Besides, new vascular endothelial cells can release a variety of cytokines to nourish nerve cells and induce neurogenesis, and communication between nerves could also be repaired. (cbinsights.com)

2020, Cell Research . (ipscell.com)

Blobe, G. C., Schiemann, W. P. & Lodish, H. F. Role of transforming growth factor β in human disease. (nature.com)
GnRH Transactivates Human AMH Receptor Gene via Egr1 and FOXO1 in Gonadotrope Cells. (harvard.edu)
Chromatin immunoprecipitations were performed with cross-linked chromatin from MCF7 cells treated with Human BMP2 #4697 (50 ng/ml) for one hour and either SMAD1 Antibody or Normal Rabbit IgG #2729 using SimpleChIP ® Enzymatic Chromatin IP Kit (Magnetic Beads) #9003. (cellsignal.com)

its expression was compared with that of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in bronchial mucosal biopsies from 13 normal subjects, 24 asthmatics, and 19 patients with chronic bronchitis. (atsjournals.org)

Ligands of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) superfamily of growth factors initiate signal transduction through a bewildering complexity of ligand-receptor interactions. (nature.com)

Non-ETP subtypes of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, in contrast, are associated with activating NOTCH1 mutations in over half of all patients and an additional 10% to 15% of cases have FBXW7 mutations, which also result in increased NOTCH signaling. (medscape.com)

Anatomy33

Organisms12

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs100

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes89

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Proteins17

Differentiation15

Proliferation18

Known as chromatin1

Immunoprecipitation4

Histones6

Epigenetics13

Histone7

Genes14

Protein17

Chromosomes9

Alterations2

Tissues8

Tumors13

Tumor growth4

Chromosome4

Cytoplasm1

Specificity1

Epithelial11

Nuclei6

Cycle progression1

Transcriptional regulation1

Biology4

Genetic4

Cancer40

Regulator1

Epigenetic changes1

Molecular5

Functional2

Metastatic2

Nucleus1

Dynamics4

Replication1

Interphase1

Fluorescence4

ChIP1

Embryonic development2

Processes2

APOPTOSIS3

Precursor5

Stabilization1

Epigenetically1

Fibroblast2

Structure1

Stem16

Mechanisms2

Metabolism1

Nuclear1

Induce1

20201

Human3

Epidermal growth1

Signal transduction1

Leukemia lymphoma1