• A 529-base region of the se- of 8 (14%) of 58 children with suspected central nervous quence was aligned with other CHIKV E1 gene sequences system infection in Bellary, India. (cdc.gov)
  • C tect antibodies against Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus and hikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne al- dengue virus, which circulate in this area, serum specimens phavirus that causes illness characterized by fever, and CSF were tested by immunoglobulin M (IgM) capture rash, and severe arthralgia. (cdc.gov)
  • CHIKV was pected central nervous system (CNS) infections admitted to not detected in 2 CSF samples, and no CSF samples were a hospital in rural southern India, we noticed an unseasonal available for 3 children. (cdc.gov)
  • the 3 positive time as the CHIKV outbreak in southern India, so we in- CSF samples were all obtained within 4 days of illness on- vestigated our cohort for CHIKV infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Currently, there is no specific therapy available for CHIKV infection. (usu.edu)
  • We have developed a despeciated equine polyclonal antibody (CHIKV-EIG) treatment against CHIKV and evaluated its protective efficacy in mouse models of CHIKV infection. (usu.edu)
  • In immunocompromised (IFNAR −/− ) mice infected with CHIKV, daily treatment for five consecutive days with CHIKV-EIG administered at 100 mg/kg starting on the day of infection prevented mortality, reduced viremia, and improved clinical condition as measured by body weight loss. (usu.edu)
  • In immunocompetent mice, CHIKV-EIG treatment reduced virus induced arthritis (including footpad swelling), arthralgia-associated cytokines, viremia, and tissue virus loads in a dose-dependent fashion. (usu.edu)
  • To estimate the cumulative incidence of persistent arthralgia at 6 months from acute Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection and to evaluate the association of clinical markers with the risk of long-term arthralgia. (paho.org)
  • A total of 136 individuals aged 15 years and older with serologically confirmed CHIKV infection were enrolled. (paho.org)
  • 95% CI, 1.95-8.01) had a significantly increased risk of PA at 6 months from CHIKV infection. (paho.org)
  • To the best of our knowledge, this is first report of a CHIKV-associated longterm outcome in Mexico, where the incidence of the infection has been high. (paho.org)
  • Our findings may be useful in health care settings to stratify the risk of chronic arthralgia secondary to CHIKV infection and to identify patients who would benefit clinically from early medical intervention. (paho.org)
  • Calcular a incidência acumulada de artralgia persistente após 6 meses de infecção aguda pelo vírus Chikungunya (CHIKV, sigla em inglês) e avaliar a associação de marcadores clínicos com o risco de artralgia a longo prazo. (paho.org)
  • Retrospective laboratory evaluation of the detection rate of CHIKV infection by real-time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) on urine. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Urine and serum samples from patients with confirmed CHIKV infections from an endemic area (Aruba) and from ITM will be analyzed. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • To assess the added value of RT-PCR for CHIKV on urine samples for diagnosing CHIKV infection in comparison to the reference methods. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • To describe the kinetics of RT- PCR for CHIKV on urine samples for diagnosing CHIKV infection over time. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Prospective cohort study of patients with a confirmed CHIKV infection (positive RT-PCR for CHIKV on the sample at the time of inclusion or seroconversion defined as positive anti-CHIKV Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody assay on day 14), who attend the outpatient clinic of the Institute of Tropical Medicine in Antwerp and the Horacio Oduber Hospitaal in Aruba within 72 hours after fever onset. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Study population : patients with confirmed CHIKV infection Sample size : panel of 20 CHIKV confirmed cases Data analysis and reporting : The percentages of positive urine RT-PCR (over different time-points of duration of the CHIKV infection) will be calculated. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Endpoints: diagnostic sensitivity of CHIKV RT-PCR on urine samples in patients with a confirmed CHIKV infection, comparison of analytical sensitivity (based on Ct-values) with RT-PCR on serum, positivity rates of RT-PCR urine samples over time Ethical issues: Informed consent will be obtained from study participants. (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Infection by viruses Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika ( ZIKV ) continue to be serious problems in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. (bvsalud.org)
  • By pre-and post- infection treatment , caffeine significantly inhibited CHIKV and ZIKV replication in a dose -dependent manner. (bvsalud.org)
  • The term "Chikungunya" often refers to both the virus (CHIKV) and the illness or fever (CHIKF) caused by this virus. (medscape.com)
  • Eleven (17.46%) of the confirmed cases were DENV, 49 (77.77%) were CHIKV, and 3 (4.76%) were DENV and CHIKV co-infections. (who.int)
  • Dengue virus (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) infections are fast-growing mosquito-borne arboviral diseases. (who.int)
  • CHIKV infection is characterized by an abrupt onset of fever, frequently accompanied by debilitating joint pain. (who.int)
  • Occasional cases of eye, cardiological, and neurological complications have been reported with CHIKV infections. (who.int)
  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has become a global health problem. (blogspot.com)
  • CHIKV infection is currently identified by viral genome detection, using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), viral culture, and serologic testing for IgG and IgM by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) or ELISA. (blogspot.com)
  • RT-PCR is most sensitive during the early phase of CHIKV infection (within 5-7 days of symptom onset), but its use is limited by the short viremic phase of the disease. (blogspot.com)
  • Accurate and rapid detection of CHIKV infection by reliable point-of-care (POC) assays has been recommended to facilitate outbreak control. (blogspot.com)
  • The sensitivity of these tests evaluated in settings with a high prevalence of CHIKV infection is poor (range 1.9%-50.8%) compared with that for reference assays, especially in the acute phase of disease ( 1 - 5 ). (blogspot.com)
  • In low-prevalence settings, CHIKV infection generally occurs as imported cases in travelers returning from disease-endemic countries. (blogspot.com)
  • From June 2014 through November 2015, eight patients who had returned to Italy from the Caribbean and Latin America were referred to the regional Center for Infectious Diseases, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, in Turin for travel-associated CHIKV infection. (blogspot.com)
  • In addition, we evaluated the OnSite Chikungunya IgM Combo Rapid Test CE (CTK Biotech, San Diego, CA, USA) for CHIKV infection. (blogspot.com)
  • To report demographic and self-reported clinical characteristics associated with persistent and severe arthralgia 8-12 months post-chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection. (uwi.edu)
  • Dr. Streblow's lab has also generated a rhesus macaque (RM) chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection animal model to identify correlates of CHIKV pathogenesis and to test novel antivirals and vaccines. (ohsu.edu)
  • Broeckel R, Haese N,Messaoudi I, Streblow DN;Nonhuman Primate Models of Chikungunya VirusInfection and Disease (CHIKV NHP Model). (ohsu.edu)
  • Chikungunya is an infection caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). (wikipedia.org)
  • albopictus highlighting the co-ancestry of the different derived populations and the dissemination and transmission efficiencies for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). (pasteur.fr)
  • Now, researchers writing in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases report that AGO traps successfully protected people from infection with chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in communities in Puerto Rico. (diwou.com)
  • The lack of effective tools to control Aedes aegypti mosquito populations has resulted in the continued expansion of dengue virus, Zika virus and CHIKV. (diwou.com)
  • Blood samples were collected from each participant to detect CHIKV infection and surveys recorded demographic information as well as data on mosquito repellant and bed net use and frequency of mosquito bites. (diwou.com)
  • Dr Anja Winter from Keele University's School of Life Sciences has received a prestigious Springboard grant from the Academy of Medical Sciences, to investigate severe joint pain in patients infected with Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). (news-medical.net)
  • The severe joint pain caused by CHIKV infection has a major impact on patients' quality of life, forcing them to reduce their daily activities and in some cases give up their jobs. (news-medical.net)
  • The project will use cutting-edge techniques to study the mechanisms leading to chronic CHIKV infection and enable research into effective treatments, specifically looking at changes in joints and their implications for joint inflammation and degradation. (news-medical.net)
  • Patients who suffer from this debilitating disease following a CHIKV infection not only have to deal with the painful physical consequences, but can also be forced to give up their jobs due to the pain and miss out on daily activities, severely impacting their quality of life. (news-medical.net)
  • In this article we discuss the threat to this region that is posed by the recent evolution of the E1:A226V mutant strains of chikungunya virus (CHIKV). (who.int)
  • Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne disease caused by infection with CHIKV, an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family. (who.int)
  • 3 On the island of Réunion, it was estimated that more than 30% of the 770 000 inhabitants were infected by CHIKV.2 In 2005, an epidemic of chikungunya began in India which resulted in more than 1.39 million suspected cases by 2011. (who.int)
  • Previous outbreaks of CHIKV infection have been associated with the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti , which is also the vector of yellow fever and dengue viruses. (who.int)
  • Until the outbreak of chikungunya in New Caledonia from February to June 2011, which was caused by Asian-lineage CHIKV rather than the E1:A226V ESCA lineage, 9 Oceania had been free from chikungunya. (who.int)
  • The disease is perpetuated by the alphavirus Chikungunya, and is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. (medscape.com)
  • Chikungunya virus infection has a clinical presentation that overlaps with that of Ross River virus infection (fever, rash, polyarthritis) and dengue fever transmitted by the same mosquitoes. (medscape.com)
  • Chikungunya virus is a mosquito-borne alphavirus transmitted by infected mosquitoes, primarily Aedes aegypti and Aedes Albopictus [2]. (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya and dengue viruses cocirculate in Paraguay and surrounding countries, are transmitted by the same species of mosquitoes, and have similar clinical presentations during acute illness. (cdc.gov)
  • Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are transmitted to humans primarily through the bites of infected mosquitoes or ticks, and in the continental United States, West Nile virus (WNV) is the leading cause of domestically acquired arboviral disease. (medscape.com)
  • Dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes mainly of the species Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, A. albopictus . (who.int)
  • Chikungunya is a virus passed to humans by the bite of infected mosquitoes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This means that mosquitoes in those areas have the virus and are spreading it to humans. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mosquitoes spread the virus to humans. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mosquitoes pick up the virus when they feed on infected people. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The mosquitoes that spread chikungunya are the same type that spread dengue fever , which has similar symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The best way to avoid getting the virus is to avoid getting bitten by mosquitoes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you get chikungunya, try to avoid getting bitten by mosquitoes so you do not pass the virus to others. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mosquitoes that carry chikungunya virus are mainly active in the daytime, but mosquitoes that are active toward dawn and dusk can carry other diseases, such as West Nile virus. (healthyms.com)
  • Dengue virus is the most rapidly spreading virus transmitted by mosquitoes and is a major source of illness in the tropics and subtropics, infecting as many as 400 million people annually. (sciencedaily.com)
  • To control the spread of the dengue and chikungunya, some nations have actively worked to spray for virus-carrying mosquitoes and have done public health campaigns to explain the threat of the diseases, including encouraging people to cover water containers that can be mosquito breeding grounds. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A viral disease transmitted by the bite of Aedes mosquitoes infected with Zika Virus. (bvsalud.org)
  • Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, non-steroidal should be avoided until dengue can be discarded to reduce the risk of hemorrhage.When traveling to countries where the Zika virus or other viruses transmitted by mosquitoes have been reported, the recommendation is to use insect repellent, long sleeves and pants, and stay in places with air conditioning or window and door fitted with insect screens. (bvsalud.org)
  • The fact that the species of Aedes mosquitoes that transmit the Zika virus are found throughout the world, it is likely that the outbreak from spreading to other countries. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chikungunya virus is transmitted to people by mosquitoes, according to the Centers for Disease Control. (foodforthepoor.org)
  • Wherever the mosquitoes goes, we will have chikungunya - it's a global concern," says Nischay Mishra , a virologist at Columbia University School of Public Health. (wuga.org)
  • These mosquitoes not only transmit dengue but also chikungunya and zika virus. (ncvc.org)
  • Arbovirus" is a descriptive term applied to hundreds of predominantly RNA viruses that are transmitted by arthropods, most notably through mosquitoes. (prnewswire.com)
  • Chikungunya: the specific interactions between the genotypes of mosquitoes and viruses have influenced Ae. (pasteur.fr)
  • Thus, the specific interactions between the genotypes of mosquitoes and viruses have influenced Ae. (pasteur.fr)
  • Chikungunya virus, once confined to the Eastern Hemisphere, has infected more than 1 million people in the Americas since 2013, when mosquitoes carrying the virus showed up in the Caribbean. (futurity.org)
  • Chikungunya and its cousins-Mayaro, Ross River, and O'nyong-nyong viruses-belong to a family of alphaviruses that mosquitoes spread and that cause joint pain. (futurity.org)
  • Patients infected with arboviruses such as Zika virus should be advised to limit activity during symptomatic illness in order to avoid exposure to mosquitoes and potential risk for human-to-arthropod transmission and subsequent local spread of disease. (medscape.com)
  • Arboviruses are viruses transmitted to people through the bites of arthropods, usually mosquitoes, fleas, or ticks. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The mosquitoes that spread Zika are the same type that spread dengue fever and chikungunya virus . (medlineplus.gov)
  • The zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes species, mainly A. aegypti and A. africanus 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Chikungunya, a tropical disease in poorer countries, is now becoming a major global health issue given the worldwide distribution of its mosquito vector ( Aedes albopictus and, to a less extent, Aedes aegypti ). (medscape.com)
  • The concern with Zika virus, which is a flavivirus related to dengue and transmitted by the same Aedes mosquito, relates to the potential association between maternal infection and infants born with microcephaly. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • Also transmitted through the bite of the Aedes mosquito, Chikungunya virus infection is sometimes referred to as "dengue light" because its symptoms tend to be milder than those of dengue virus infection. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • The virus is spread between people by two types of mosquitos: Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Zika virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito of the genus Aedes , mainly Aedes aegypti . (bvsalud.org)
  • 2019) Autocidal gravid ovitraps protect humans from chikungunya virus infection by reducing Aedes aegypti mosquito populations. (diwou.com)
  • Vertical transmission in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus is considered a maintenance mechanism for dengue virus (DENV) during unfavorable conditions and may be implicated in dengue outbreaks. (nature.com)
  • However, Aedes albopictus has been the principal mosquito vector during many of the recent outbreaks of chikungunya associated with ECSA strains. (who.int)
  • Cases of Chikungunya virus infection have also been noted in the United States. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is issuing this Health Alert Network (HAN) Health Advisory to notify clinicians and public health authorities of an increase in the number of cases of chikungunya reported in Paraguay. (cdc.gov)
  • Dr. Susana Lloveras, an infectious disease physician at Hospital Muñiz in Buenos Aires, Argentina, says she used to see one or two cases of chikungunya a year. (wuga.org)
  • Over the years, Dr. Lloveras says she has seen cases of chikungunya in Buenos Aires "but it is not common for us. (wuga.org)
  • During the Vanimo outbreak more than 1500 suspected cases of chikungunya were reported through passive surveillance. (who.int)
  • Chikungunya Virus India, with suspected acute CNS infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Cutaneous findings of Chikungunya virus infection in neonates include a maculopapular and sometimes blistering rash, black streaks in the nails, and persistent hyperpigmentation after recovery from the acute disease. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • Equine Polyclonal Antibodies Prevent Acute Chikungunya Virus Infection" by Douglas Barker, Xiaobing Han et al. (usu.edu)
  • This first set of symptoms - called the "acute phase" of Chikungunya - lasts around a week, after which most symptoms resolve on their own. (wikipedia.org)
  • People with Chikungunya occasionally develop neurologic disorders, most frequently swelling or degeneration of the brain, inflammation or degeneration of the myelin sheaths around neurons, Guillain-Barré syndrome, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, hypotonia (in newborns), and issues with visual processing. (wikipedia.org)
  • My team within the Experimental Virology Group focuses on immune mechanisms triggered by acute viral infections. (rug.nl)
  • Although the resulting acute infection is generally non-fatal, it frequently evolves into a long-lasting, debilitating disorder similar to rheumatoid arthritis. (news-medical.net)
  • The traditional standards for establishing a microbial cause of disease were developed in the 19th century for acute infections such as tuberculosis and anthrax . (nas.edu)
  • The clinical characteristics of chikungunya include acute onset of fever which may last up to two weeks and painful, potentially debilitating, polyarthritis in adults which may last for up to a year following infection. (who.int)
  • Infections in Children with previous neurologic conditions or Plasmo- dium falciparum malaria were excluded. (cdc.gov)
  • Malaria is a parasitic infection caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium . (bmj.com)
  • Other monsoon fevers such as malaria, chikungunya, and zika virus infections should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of dengue. (ncvc.org)
  • DEN initially shows symptoms similar to other diseases such as Chikungunya, malaria and influenza[ 4 , 5 ]. (lww.com)
  • Malaria Malaria is infection of red blood cells with one of five species of the protozoa Plasmodium . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Worldwide, antimicrobial resistance has been reported for key antibiotic and antiviral treatments used for various commonly occurring conditions including pneumonia, bloodstream infections, urinary tract infections, gonorrhoea, tuberculosis, HIV and malaria. (who.int)
  • PCR for JE virus was also performed on CSF in 1952, and outbreaks occurred in India in the 1960s and samples ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya fever is a self-remitting febrile viral illness that has been associated with frequent outbreaks in tropical countries of Africa and Southeast Asia. (medscape.com)
  • In late 2013, local transmission of chikungunya virus was first detected in Caribbean countries and then quickly spread, causing large outbreaks throughout the Americas over the next several years [4-5]. (cdc.gov)
  • White Nile State may experience larger outbreaks of dengue and chikungunya in the future, there is, therefore, an urgent need for proper vector control interventions in the state and nearby states. (who.int)
  • The history of arboviral infections in Sudan dates back to the past century with noticeably increased outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fevers since the 1970s (2). (who.int)
  • Since late 2013, a few countries in the Pacific have reported concurrent outbreaks of dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus disease. (who.int)
  • Chikungunya, once confined to Africa and Asia, has seen outbreaks in the Caribbean and bordering countries in South and Central America, including Haiti and the Honduras. (healthyms.com)
  • Dengue, zika, and chikungunya outbreaks in Central and South America countries have presented significant challenges related to their prevention and control. (paho.org)
  • A similar situation was observed in Colombia, where the decrease in dengue cases following the zika and chikungunya outbreaks went from 334.1 cases per 100 000 people in 2015 to 90.7 cases per 100 000 in 2017 and 173,1 cases per 100 000 in 2018 (5). (paho.org)
  • Nonhuman primates and humans are probably the main reservoirs of the virus, and anthroponotic transmission (man-vector-man) occurs during outbreaks. (bvsalud.org)
  • Following this outbreak, chikungunya cases were confirmed by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction from eight provinces of Papua New Guinea, with another three provinces having suspected outbreaks. (who.int)
  • The rec- cause relatively mild infection, many Eastern Mediterranean Regional Of- ommendations from each of the func- of these viruses can cause severe, life- fice of the World Health Organization tional domains were later synthesized, threatening disease outbreaks with mul- (WHO) invited a group of experts to a and final agreement on the interven- tiple haemorrhagic manifestations [1]. (who.int)
  • Dr. Friedlander noted that accompanying the recent outbreak of Zika virus infections in Brazil there has been a tremendous uptick in the number of newborns with microcephaly - from 147 in 2014 to 2,782 in 2015, according to information from the Centers for Disease Control. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • As of February 24, 2023, the Ministry of Health in Paraguay reported a total of 71,478 suspect chikungunya cases in Paraguay, with 29,362 of those being probable or confirmed cases since the outbreak began in October 2022 [1]. (cdc.gov)
  • This Health Advisory provides information on the current status of the chikungunya outbreak in Paraguay and advises on evaluating and testing travelers returning from Paraguay with signs and symptoms consistent with chikungunya virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • To describe the magnitude of the first outbreak of dengue and chikungunya infections in Tandalti Town, White Nile State, southern part of Sudan. (who.int)
  • The 2007 epidemic outbreak of Chikungunya virus infection in the Romagna region of Italy: A new perspective for the possible diffusion of tropical diseases in temperate areas? (climahealth.info)
  • The recent Zika virus disease outbreak in South America also highlights the worldwide need for rapid reliable POC tests. (blogspot.com)
  • A zika virus outbreak is ongoing in the Americas, with high infection rates in Brazil and Colombia 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)
  • It is estimated that 5,005 (73%) out of 6,892 residents aged 3 or more had the zika virus infection during the outbreak, and about 82% had subclinical infections 6 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The infection is highly symptomatic, with fever, skin rash and incapacitating arthralgia, which can evolve to chronic arthritis and rheumatism in elderly patients. (medscape.com)
  • Chikungunya fever in the United States: a fifteen year review of cases. (cdc.gov)
  • Staples JE, Breiman RF, Powers AM. Chikungunya fever: an epidemiological review of a re-emerging infectious disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya fever: Epidemiology, clinical syndrome, pathogenesis and therapy. (cdc.gov)
  • the report excludes chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika virus disease cases, because these infections were acquired primarily through travel during 2021. (medscape.com)
  • DENV varies in presentation from asymptomatic infections to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS), which are the most serious forms of the disease. (who.int)
  • Around 85% of people infected with Chikungunya virus experience symptoms, typically beginning with a sudden high fever above 39 °C (102 °F). The fever is soon followed by severe muscle and joint pain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Signs of infection typically begin with fever, rash, and swelling in the extremities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chikungunya virus causes fever, muscle and joint pain, and swelling of the joints. (healthyms.com)
  • Infection can cause fever, flu-like symptoms and painful swelling of the joints. (healthyms.com)
  • Chikungunya, transmitted by the same type of mosquito, is marked by fever and joint pain and other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling or rash. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The most common symptoms of chikungunya virus infection are fever and joint pain. (foodforthepoor.org)
  • The patients came here with fever and also with pain in their joints," says Dr. Susana Lloveras, an infectious disease physician at Hospital Muñiz in Buenos Aires, Argentina, one of several South American countries where the mosquito-borne virus has surged in 2023. (wuga.org)
  • Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients with unconfirmed Zika virus infection should be avoided since the use of such drugs in dengue fever is associated with hemorrhagic risk and risk for Reye syndrome in the pediatric population. (medscape.com)
  • While quency and expansion of geographic informed debate which was facilitated some of the haemorrhagic fever viruses distribution of VHF in the Region, the by the subject matter expert. (who.int)
  • Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne infection that is caused by the YF virus and is endemic to Africa and South America. (medscape.com)
  • The symptoms associated with the infection are usually self-limited and include fever, a maculopapular rash, conjunctivitis, myalgia and arthralgia. (bvsalud.org)
  • Title : Chikungunya virus infections among laboratory workers Personal Author(s) : Hills, Susan Corporate Authors(s) : National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (U.S.). Division of Vector-Borne Diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • Emerging and reemerging diseases were highlighted in a talk on infections in the pediatric population given by Sheila Fallon Friedlander, M.D., during the MauiDerm 2016 meeting. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • Chikungunya as a paradigm for emerging viral diseases: Evaluating disease impact and hurdles to vaccine development. (cdc.gov)
  • Several murine models with Chikungunya virus-related joint and neurological diseases are being investigated. (medscape.com)
  • In 2022 Sudan encountered the most widespread infection of both diseases. (who.int)
  • Clinical manifestations are not specific and are difficult to differentiate from those of similar viral diseases (e.g., dengue and Zika virus disease). (blogspot.com)
  • The researchers, reporting July 16 in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases , tested blood samples from 1,010 people across 50 locations in Chennai, a city with over 6 million people in South India, and found that nearly all of them had been exposed to dengue and 44 percent had been exposed to chikungunya. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Expert consultation with a maternal-fetal medicine and infectious diseases specialists is advised for management of Zika virus infection during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Until recently, their biological causes were mostly unknown, but today, growing evidence suggests that infections are behind many chronic diseases once thought to be caused by genetic, environmental, or lifestyle factors. (nas.edu)
  • Another sign of possible infection is chronic inflammation , which is a common denominator in such diseases as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and other autoimmune diseases . (nas.edu)
  • Proof that certain infections cause chronic diseases raises the promise of treatment with antibiotics or vaccines . (nas.edu)
  • Law No. 13.306/2016 brought incisive determinations about action awareness policies and educational campaigns, and at the same time authorizes the highest authorities of the Unified Health System (SUS) within federal, state, county and municipal governments to establish and implement the necessary measures to control the diseases caused by the virus, i.e. dengue, chikungunya and zika. (bvsalud.org)
  • Viruses 2023 , 15 , 1479. (usu.edu)
  • Beginning in late 2022, Paraguay reported an increasing number of chikungunya cases, with more than 70,000 suspect and confirmed cases reported as of February 24, 2023 [1]. (cdc.gov)
  • Paraguay has not reported any Zika cases in 2023 and although the risk of Zika virus infection is currently low, clinicians should consider Zika as part of the differential diagnosis for anyone who tests negative for these other pathogens. (cdc.gov)
  • The information is worrisome considering the consequences of microcephaly, which can range from mild developmental delay to severe motor and intellectual deficits, and the growing number of cases of Zika virus infection in countries outside Brazil, including the United States. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • However, in newborn infants, Chikungunya virus infection has been associated with severe disease and fatalities. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • Hence, severe or chronic infections could be attributed to an absence or deregulation of 1 of these pathways. (medscape.com)
  • It also highlights those at increased risk for severe disease and prevention measures to mitigate additional spread of the virus and potential importation into unaffected areas, including the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Newborns are susceptible to particularly severe effects of Chikungunya infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Also, it is known that secondary DENV infections may be more severe than primary infections due to the antibody-dependent immune response (i.e., heterotypic sub-neutralizing antibodies that increase virus entry into poorly susceptible cells) (2,3). (paho.org)
  • As a result, the immune response attacks the patient's own tissues and organs, leading to a more severe infection. (ncvc.org)
  • Now, as the virus continues to circulate in our communities, we must focus our metrics beyond just cases in the community and direct our efforts toward protecting people at high risk for severe illness and preventing COVID 19 from overwhelming our hospitals and our healthcare systems. (hpnonline.com)
  • In addition to protecting those at highest risk of severe outcomes, focusing on reducing medically significant illness and minimizing strain on the healthcare system reflects our current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection, immunity from vaccination and infection, and the tools we have available. (hpnonline.com)
  • Researchers have linked Zika virus infection with Guillain-Barre syndrome, a severe neurological disorder that can cause paralysis. (prnewswire.com)
  • But in up to half of patients, the virus can cause severe arthritis that persists for months or years. (futurity.org)
  • Recently as well, a report from Colombia has linked an epidemic of Chikungunya virus infection with cases of congenital infection and a high stillbirth rate, Dr. Friedlander said. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • This information is essential to better estimate the risks of chikungunya emergence, specifying the strong genetic proximity of the mosquito in South-East France with that of La Reunion Island, where the largest chikungunya epidemic ever occurred in France, and more generally in Europe. (pasteur.fr)
  • The main objective was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of health workers working there on the zika virus disease in order to consider a better preparation and response to a possible epidemic in Côte d'Ivoire. (bvsalud.org)
  • This attention, while mitigated by the West African Ebola virus epidemic, deserves to be highlighted. (bvsalud.org)
  • Call your health care provider if you develop symptoms of chikungunya. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you are sick with the symptoms of chikungunya, or you have been diagnosed with chikungunya infection, you can spread the disease to others through mosquito bites. (healthyms.com)
  • Scientists are evaluating the virus-like particles in clinical trials as a potential vaccine for chikungunya. (futurity.org)
  • Current laboratory methods to diagnose chikungunya infection, such as virus isolation, RT-PCR and ELISA, are not readily available in many clinical settings. (scienceopen.com)
  • Clinical burden of chikungunya virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical Characteristics, Histopathology, and Tissue Immunolocalization of Chikungunya Virus Antigen in Fatal Cases. (cdc.gov)
  • Three different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human TLR-7 (rs179010, rs5741880, rs3853839) and 1 SNP in TLR-8 (rs3764879) were associated with increased susceptibility to infection and related clinical manifestations. (medscape.com)
  • For patients with suspected chikungunya disease, it is important to rule out dengue virus infection because proper clinical management of dengue can improve the outcome. (cdc.gov)
  • Zika virus also has similar clinical features and transmission patterns as chikungunya and dengue viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • This report represents an unusual clinical syndrome associated with viral co-infection and reinforces the need for clinical vigilance with regard to neurological syndromes in the context of emergent arboviruses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Based on the typical clinical features, differential diagnosis for infection by Zika virus is widespread. (bvsalud.org)
  • Prof. Boyton has specialist clinical expertise in lung infection (including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), Aspergillus fumigatus ), bronchiectasis and host immunity to infection. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Importantly, through national and international collaborations with basic and clinical scientists, we foster the multidisciplinary approach to these infections. (rug.nl)
  • Intraventricular ribavirin has been associated with clinical improvement in 4 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and apparently reduced mortality in an open-label trial in patients with Nipah virus encephalitis. (medscape.com)
  • The design of a safe and efficient recombinant vaccine is in progress and has been shown to be protective in mouse and nonhuman primate models of Chikungunya. (medscape.com)
  • In 2022, the number of chikungunya cases (n=273,685) reported to the Pan American Health Organization more than doubled the average annual number of cases reported during 2018-2021 [7]. (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya is an emerging viral disease, which is clinically difficult to distinguish from dengue. (scienceopen.com)
  • Epidemiology of Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika Virus Disease in U.S. States and Territories, 2017. (cdc.gov)
  • Lindsey NP, Staples JE, Fischer M. Chikungunya Virus Disease among Travelers-United States, 2014-2016. (cdc.gov)
  • Find out how we define and monitor cases of Australian bat lyssavirus infection (ABLV), and where you can learn more about this disease. (health.gov.au)
  • Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia reported 3,035 cases of domestic arboviral disease, including those caused by West Nile (2,911), La Crosse (40), Jamestown Canyon (32), Powassan (24), St. Louis encephalitis (17), unspecified California serogroup (six), and eastern equine encephalitis (five) viruses. (medscape.com)
  • Within the continental United States, West Nile virus (WNV) is the leading cause of domestically acquired disease caused by arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses). (medscape.com)
  • Whereas most human infections are asymptomatic, symptomatic infections commonly manifest as a systemic febrile illness and less commonly as neuroinvasive disease. (medscape.com)
  • Among the 42 West Nile virus disease cases with AFP, 12 (29%) also had encephalitis or meningitis. (medscape.com)
  • Alphavirus infections can either cause arthralgic or neuroinvasive disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Nowadays, although the disease is no longer endemic, there is still the risk of future endemic infections due to the continuous occurrence of imported cases and the possibility of transmission in the country by Anopheles atroparvus Van Thiel, 1927. (researchgate.net)
  • Other features of the disease include its epidemiological patterns, including hyper-endemicity of multiple dengue virus serotypes in many countries and the alarming impact on both human health and the global and national economies. (who.int)
  • Animal Models of Chikungunya Virus Infection and Disease. (ohsu.edu)
  • For the most up-to-date information, please visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) website -- www.cdc.gov/chikungunya . (medlineplus.gov)
  • Chikungunya virus is a mosquito-borne disease especially prevalent in the Caribbean, where it can infect U.S. travelers. (healthyms.com)
  • With the spread of urbanization, even states like Mizoram, Odisha, and Arunachal Pradesh, where the disease was previously non-existent, have reported dengue infections. (ncvc.org)
  • With current high levels of vaccination and high levels of population immunity from both vaccination and infections, the risk of medically significant disease, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19 is greatly reduced for most people. (hpnonline.com)
  • Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne transplacentally transmissible flavivirus, is an enveloped virus with an ~10.8 kb plus-strand RNA genome that can cause neurological disease. (mdpi.com)
  • Chikungunya virus is a rapidly spreading infectious disease that has attracted global attention due to its prevalence in large parts of the tropics and subtropic regions. (news-medical.net)
  • Dengue is considered the most serious re-emergent viral disease transmitted by arthropods, with approximately 390 million infections worldwide each year, 7% of which occur in Brazil 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
  • In March, the FDA granted an EUA to the Trioplex Real-Time RT-PCR Assay , which was developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and tests patient samples for Zika, chikungunya, and dengue virus infection. (genomeweb.com)
  • The hepatitis C virus causes cirrhosis , end-stage liver disease, and liver cancer. (nas.edu)
  • Or there may be long delays between infection and disease, so that by the time symptoms appear, the agents that caused the original infection may be gone. (nas.edu)
  • People with prior knowledge of the zika virus disease represented 66.3% of the health workers surveyed. (bvsalud.org)
  • The zika virus disease has attracted the attention of the medical community during the 2014-2016 period. (bvsalud.org)
  • Before 2013, the virus was found only in Africa, Asia, Europe, and lands in the Indian and Pacific oceans. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Besides South America, Chikungunya is a problem in other parts of the globe: India, China and numerous countries in Africa. (wuga.org)
  • Chikungunya is a virus of the Togaviridae family which has affected different parts of the world on several occasions: 2004 in the Indian Ocean, 2007 in Africa, 2007 in Europe, 2011 in the Pacific region, and 2013 in the Americas. (pasteur.fr)
  • Chikungunya was first recognized in Africa in the 1950s, principally, as polyarthritis in adults. (who.int)
  • Before 2015, the virus was found mainly in Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Islands. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This observation supports the supposition that YF virus originated in West Africa. (medscape.com)
  • The zika virus was first isolated in 1947 in a monkey in the Zika forest in Uganda, Africa. (bvsalud.org)
  • The East African zika virus probably spread to South-East Asia around 1945, a stable endemicity period in Africa and South-East Asia that persisted throughout the 20th century 5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The virus entry route came from travellers from endemic regions including Chile, Asia and Africa during major sporting events held in 2014. (bvsalud.org)
  • Both the main vectors transmit not only dengue virus but also other closely related arboviruses such as chikungunya and Zika viruses. (who.int)
  • Zika virus is the most recent of four significant arboviruses that have spread to the Western Hemisphere. (prnewswire.com)
  • In order to provide a rapid and easy method for the diagnosis of chikungunya infection, rapid immunochromatographic tests to detect chikungunya IgM have recently become commercially available. (scienceopen.com)
  • Health care providers should consider arboviral infections in the differential diagnosis of aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, obtain appropriate specimens for laboratory testing, and promptly report cases to public health authorities. (medscape.com)
  • Diagnosis is by either testing the blood for the virus's RNA or antibodies to the virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The laboratory diagnosis is usually performed by testing the plasma or serum to detect the virus, viral nucleic acid or virus specific immunoglobulin M and neutralizing antibodies. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chikungunya virus in US travelers returning from India, 2006. (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya can spread from person to person through the bite of a mosquito once travelers return home. (healthyms.com)
  • There is a risk that the virus will be imported to new areas by infected travelers. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In 2018, Diamond, Fremont, and colleagues identified the protein Mxra8, found on the outer surface of cells in the joints, as the molecular handle that chikungunya and related viruses grasp to gain entry into cells of mice, humans, and other species. (futurity.org)
  • Recent promising therapies with recombinant fully humanized antibody against Nipah and Hendra virus have been tested in experimental animals and in a compassionate basis in humans. (medscape.com)
  • In humans, YF virus is transmitted to the mosquito from an ill human only during the initial 3-4 days of illness. (medscape.com)
  • The samples were tested for major arboviral infections using arboviral-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (IgM capture ELISA), and serologically positive samples were confirmed using commercially available Real Time RT-PCR Kits. (who.int)
  • Using a murine model, Lum et al showed that anti-Chikungunya virus antibodies were elicited early in the course of the illness and were directed against the C-terminus of the viral E2 glycoprotein. (medscape.com)
  • Both natural and Chikungunya virus infection-induced specific antibodies were essential for controlling Chikungunya virus infections. (medscape.com)
  • That can be challenging because some people suffer from the joint pain for months or even years, even though their immune systems have created antibodies to clear the virus. (wuga.org)
  • After the initial phase, dengue virus-specific antibodies can be detected in the blood, with the IgM antibody appearing after around 7 days and remaining in the blood for up to 21 days. (ncvc.org)
  • The IgG antibodies, on the other hand, are detectable in the third week of infection and are more useful for identifying past infections. (ncvc.org)
  • In an immune response, viral neutralizing antibodies are present by the end of the first week, and the virus is rapidly cleared. (medscape.com)
  • In order to discuss this hypothesis it must be taken into account that Zika, dengue (DENV) and chikungunya viruses are closely related flaviviruses, with identical urban transmission and some immune interactions (1). (paho.org)
  • Dengue (DEN) is a result of infection by one or multiple types of four dengue viruses known as Dengue virus (DENV) 1-4. (lww.com)
  • Dengue Virus (DENV) belongs to the genus flavivirus in the Flaviviridae family. (lww.com)
  • Since DENV infection dynamics vary among wild-type viruses and vector populations, vertical transmission rates can also vary between regions. (nature.com)
  • Risk factors for hospitalization of patients with chikungunya virus infection at sentinel hospitals in Puerto Rico. (cdc.gov)
  • The studies were conducted with the Zika viral strain that has recently spread from South America to ravage Puerto Rico and likely responsible for the first wave of infections that have begun to occur in the United States. (prnewswire.com)
  • and/or CDC Zika virus epidemiological criteria, such as a history of residence in or travel to a geographic region with active Zika transmission at the time of travel. (genomeweb.com)
  • The development of polyvalent immunoglobulins purified from human plasma samples of convalescent Chikungunya patients could benefit infected viremic mothers and newborns. (medscape.com)
  • But earlier this year, she says, "We receive every day patients with chikungunya, including some with no travel history. (wuga.org)
  • Patients who suffer from debilitating joint pain following a tropical viral infection are set to benefit from new Keele University research. (news-medical.net)
  • Infections that can directly lead to encephalitis can occur in epidemics or occasionally as isolated cases (sporadically). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Transmission associated with blood transfusion is possible, since the RNA of Zika virus was identified in asymptomatic blood donors during a current surge. (bvsalud.org)
  • Based on asymptomatic infection rates, it is estimated that between 500,000 and 1.5 million people were affected in Brazil in 2015 14 . (bvsalud.org)
  • They obtained the images using a chikungunya virus-like particle-which has shape of a virus but cannot cause infections because it carries no genetic material inside-as well as a fully infectious chikungunya virus. (futurity.org)
  • New evidence shows an extremely high number of people in southern India are exposed to two mosquito-borne viruses -- dengue and chikungunya. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The research is believed to be the first to systematically measure dengue and chikungunya infection rates in India. (sciencedaily.com)
  • India, in particular, has witnessed a steady rise in dengue infections since 2001. (ncvc.org)
  • There are no specific FDA-approved treatment options or vaccines for treatment and prevention of Zika virus infection. (medscape.com)
  • Medical care should be devoted to appropriate management of the airway, bladder function, fluid and electrolyte balance, nutrition, prevention of bedsores, secondary pulmonary infection, and hyperpyrexia. (medscape.com)
  • Major epidemics of Chikungunya have re-emerged with millions of cases worldwide. (medscape.com)
  • Since January, 2012, the Pacific region has faced a heavy burden of concurrent epidemics of dengue, chikungunya, and zika virus infections. (bvsalud.org)
  • A 2017 study reported that Chikungunya infection activates toll-like receptors (TLR), triggering the innate immune system. (medscape.com)
  • The heaviest burden of dengue is in the Asia Pacific countries, where about 1800 million people are at risk of infection. (who.int)
  • Other state-of-the-art in vivo imaging techniques using bioluminescence imaging with luciferase-tagged pathogens and intravital 2-photon imaging systems are being evaluated for study of Chikungunya infection's chronic phase. (medscape.com)
  • There is no treatment to prevent the short-lived infection from persisting into chronic arthritis. (futurity.org)
  • Impaired quality of life after chikungunya virus infection: a 12-month follow-up study of its chronic inflammatory rheumatism in La Virginia, Risaralda, Colombia. (nih.gov)
  • Chikungunya virus infection has been shown to lead to chronic joint pain and arthritic symptoms. (nas.edu)
  • Specific to pandemic influenza threats, the Hemopurifier has been validated to capture the H5N1 avian flu virus, H1N1 swine flu virus, and the reconstructed 1918 influenza virus, which represents a model for the strain of influenza that killed an estimated 50 million victims. (prnewswire.com)
  • It is believed most people become immune after a single infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • They spread the virus when they bite other people. (medlineplus.gov)
  • COCONUT CREEK, Fla. (May 23, 2014) - Food For The Poor has secured seven pallets of much-needed medicines that will be air-freighted to Haiti to help fight the spreading Chikungunya virus that has sickened more than 3,600 people in that country. (foodforthepoor.org)
  • And always from people bringing the mosquito-borne virus with them from other countries. (wuga.org)
  • Shockingly, about 50 million people contract the virus annually, leading to an estimated 25,000 deaths per year. (ncvc.org)
  • Scientists took the protein from mice, but people have the same protein, and the virus interacts with the mouse and human proteins in virtually identical ways. (futurity.org)
  • Chikungunya arthritis comes on very suddenly and can be very painful-people can barely walk around-and we have nothing specific to treat or prevent it," says co-senior author Michael S. Diamond, professor of medicine, and a professor of molecular microbiology, and of pathology and immunology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. (futurity.org)
  • In recent years, these viruses have been infecting people and animals in ever larger regions of the globe. (futurity.org)
  • This arthropod-borne viral infection is estimated to cause 390 million infections annually and about 2.5 billion people in more than 120 countries are at risk of infection around the world[ 1 ]. (lww.com)
  • Infection occurs when people unknowingly ingest toxoplasma cysts from cat feces or eat contaminated meat. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Brain infections due to an autoimmune reaction sometimes develop in people who have cancer-a disorder called paraneoplastic encephalitis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The viruses are transmitted to arthropods when arthropods bite infected animals or people. (msdmanuals.com)
  • When an illness arises mostly in people whose immune system is weak, it suggests infection (as in Kaposi's sarcoma following organ transplants). (nas.edu)
  • Examples of misuse include when antibiotics are taken by people with viral infections like colds and flu, and when they are given as growth promoters in animals and fish. (who.int)
  • There are not yet any vaccines to prevent infection with dengue virus. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As reported in Cell , the structures show in atomic-level detail how the virus and cell-surface protein fit together-data that promises to accelerate efforts to design drugs and vaccines to prevent or treat arthritis that chikungunya or related viruses cause. (futurity.org)
  • Other medically important alphaviruses found in the Americas include eastern equine encephalitis virus (neuroinvasive) and Mayaro virus (arthalgic). (cdc.gov)
  • aegypti populations and provide protection from infection with the pathogens that these mosquitos transmit," the researchers say. (diwou.com)
  • Other viral infections being seen more commonly in infants are Chikungunya and syphilis. (dermatologytimes.com)
  • Encephalitis is most commonly due to viruses, such as herpes simplex, herpes zoster, cytomegalovirus, or West Nile virus. (msdmanuals.com)