OrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
Chicken anemia virusGyrovirusCircoviridae InfectionsInfectious Anemia Virus, EquineChickensPoultry DiseasesCapsid ProteinsReticuloendotheliosis, AvianEquine Infectious AnemiaAnemiaDNA, ViralMolecular Sequence DataGenome, ViralIsavirus
InfectionAvianImmunosuppressionBronchitis virusMarek'sSyndromeCommercial chickensProteinSingle stranded DNA virusDiseaseGyrovirusEscherichiaCircoviridaeAntibodyCircovirusViralBroilerPoultry industryBone marrowIcosahedralDetectionAffectsELISAApoptosisReplicationFowlPeripheralHerpesvirusInfectionsCharacterizationBovineVACCINEProteinsRespiratory syncyAngolaTranscriptionImmunityLiver
Infection20
  • In older chickens, an infection with no apparent symptoms may cause reduced growth rates due to a poor feed conversion ratio. (wikipedia.org)
  • https://web.archive.org/web/20131125042946/http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/poultry/chicken_anemia_virus_infection/overview_of_chicken_anemia_virus_infection.html 2. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chicken infectious anaemia is a relatively new disease of chickens, first reported in Japan and it is a virus that may cause clinical manifestation only in young chickens free of anti-chicken anaemia virus antibody, but it can maintain subclinical infection in antibody positive commercial chickens and cause immunosuppression. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • In the absence of clinical manifestation, a reliable method for monitoring of chicken anaemia virus infection is needed for the poultry industry. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • However, the virus may not be present in all organs at all stages of infection. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • The monitoring of chicken anaemia virus infection using environmental samples such as dust and litter has potential, but needs further optimisation. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • The study showed that the chicken anaemia virus genome can be detected in lymphoid organs and bone marrow as early as six days post-infection in maternal-antibody-free chickens but not in commercial broiler chickens. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • The viral copies increased up to 13 days post-infection, following which they either stayed at similar levels (bursa and bone marrow) or increased (thymus and spleen) up to 28 days post-infection in this study, whereas only a limited number of chickens were reported to be chicken anaemia virus positive in the thymus and spleen and none in the bursa and caecal tonsil following infection with a vaccinal virus. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Therefore, the researchers concluded that the shedding of chicken anaemia virus through faeces and the faecal-oral route of lateral infection remain to be determined. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Infection of 1-day-old chicks without maternal antibodies causes apoptosis of the haematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and thymocytes in the thymus cortex causing anemia and immunosuppression. (caister.com)
  • Therefore, epidemiological investigations of CAV infection and/or the evaluation of the immunization status of chickens is necessary for disease control. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Haridy M , Goryo M , Sasaki J , Okada K . Pathological and immunohistochemical study of chickens with co-infection of Marek's disease virus and chicken anaemia virus. (cdc.gov)
  • Imai K , Mase M , Tsukamoto K , Hihara H , Yuasa N . Persistent infection with chicken anaemia virus and some effects of highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus infection on its persistence. (cdc.gov)
  • In order to better understand differences in the outcome of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection, we inoculated a very virulent (vv) strain into White Leghorn chickens of inbred line W that was previously reported to experience over 24% flock mortality, and three inbred lines (15I, C.B4 and 0) that were previously reported to display no mortality. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Immunosuppression is generally a predisposing factor particularly with congenital chicken infectious anaemia virus or IBD virus infection. (expertsmind.com)
  • The diseases suspected of the involvement of chicken anemia virus (infection) in 11 to 14-weeks old replacement pullets from eastern Japan: a case report. (edu.ph)
  • The name "fifth disease" is used because it is considered the fifth viral infection that commonly causes rash in children (the first four are measles, rubella, chicken pox, and roseola). (msdmanuals.com)
  • HHV-3, also known as varicella-zoster virus (VZV), causes the primary infection chickenpox and the secondary reactivation disease herpes zoster. (medscape.com)
  • HHV-4, also known as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), causes the primary infection infectious mononucleosis , and it is implicated in various diseases, such as African Burkitt lymphoma , other immunoproliferative disorders, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • [ 5 , 6 ] In a localized primary infection, the virus penetrates the mucosal epithelium and invades the cells of the basal layer, where the viral DNA inserts into the host DNA. (medscape.com)
Avian3
  • The disease and virus have many names including chicken anemia, blue wing disease, anemia dermatitis syndrome, chicken/avian infectious anemia, hemorrhagic aplastic anemia syndrome, infectious chicken anemia, chicken infectious anemia virus, and chicken anemia agent. (wikipedia.org)
  • RNA viruses may escape acquired humoral and cellular immune responses by mutations in protective antigenic epitopes (e.g., avian influenza viruses), while accessory nonstructural proteins or multifunctional structural proteins interfere with the interferon system (e.g. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Infectious Bronchitis Virus and further avian Coronaviruses (incl. (bioing.pl)
Immunosuppression5
  • CAV is a non-enveloped icosahedral single stranded DNA virus, which causes bone marrow atrophy, anemia, and severe immunosuppression. (wikipedia.org)
  • This reduces the production of red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC), leading to severe immunosuppression and anemia. (wikipedia.org)
  • CAV was first isolated in 1979 in Japan and is the major agent responsible for a disease causing severe anemia and immunosuppression [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subclinical immunosuppression in chickens is an important but often underestimated factor in the subsequent development of clinical disease. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Immunosuppression can be caused by pathogens such as chicken infectious anemia virus, infectious bursal disease virus, reovirus, and some retroviruses (e.g., reticuloendotheliosis virus). (imperial.ac.uk)
Bronchitis virus6
Marek's1
  • For vaccination of healthy 18-day old chicken embryos or 1-day old chickens for the prevention of Marek's disease and Infectious Laryngotracheitis. (merck-animal-health-usa.com)
Syndrome1
Commercial chickens2
  • The authors said that this is the first study to demonstrate that chicken anaemia virus can be detected in dust and litter samples in both pathogen-free and commercial chickens. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Toro H , van Santen VL , Hoerr FJ , Breedlove C . Effects of chicken anemia virus and infectious bursal disease virus in commercial chickens. (cdc.gov)
Protein8
  • VP1 forms the capsid and is the only protein in the virus particles. (caister.com)
  • The chicken anemia virus-derived protein apoptin requires activation of caspases for induction of apoptosis in human tumor cells. (cdc.gov)
  • DNA damage response signaling triggers nuclear localization of the chicken anemia virus protein apoptin. (cdc.gov)
  • The chicken infectious anemia virus (CAV) gene promoter fused to the gene for enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was used to measure virus activity in response to estrogen. (usda.gov)
  • Expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under control of the promoter-enhancer of chicken infectious anemia virus (CAV) is increased in an estrogen receptor-enhanced cell line when treated with estrogen. (usda.gov)
  • Introduction Myxovirus resistance protein 1 (Mx1) is a type I/III interferons-induced protein conferring the hosts an antiviral property against several viruses. (edu.vn)
  • Earlier, he discovered that a very specific biologically active region of the chicken anemia virus derived protein apoptin (VP3) can allosterically bind to the SH3 domain of BCR-ABL oncoprotein, and induce rapid apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells - an effect that is potentially superior to that of current gold standard BCR-ABL inhibitor imatinib. (interestingimmunology.org)
  • Following inoculation, ds TTV DNA, TTV RNA and TTV protein could all be detected in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cell lines (B95-8, Raji, Daudi, Skw6.4, ARH77), but not EBV-negative lines (CA46 and ST486). (ox.ac.uk)
Single stranded DNA virus1
  • Abstract Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a small, single-stranded DNA virus causing fatal haemorrhagic enteritis in dogs. (edu.vn)
Disease11
  • Clinical disease is rare today because of the widespread practice of vaccinating breeders, but the subclinical form of the disease-which normally affects birds more than two weeks of age following horizontal transmission of the virus via the fecal-oral route-is ubiquitous. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chicken Anaemia Virus Disease, expert reviewed and published by Wikivet, accessed 30/08/2011. (wikipedia.org)
  • For the vaccination of healthy chickens 1-day of age against Newcastle disease. (merck-animal-health-usa.com)
  • Immnosuppressing agents especially chicken infectious anemia and infectious bursal disease viruses are known to enhance the pathogenicity of FAdVs upon coinfection. (scialert.net)
  • Some strains of FAdV can be pathogenic in immunocompromized hosts as in Chicken Infectious Anemia (CIA) or Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) affected birds ( Adair and Fitzgerald, 2008 ). (scialert.net)
  • Within each experimental group, some individuals experienced more severe disease than others but line 15I birds experienced milder disease based on average clinical scores, percentage of birds with gross pathology, average bursal lesion scores and average peak bursal virus titre. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Samples from 34 chicks contained the genetic signature of a novel gyrovirus -a relative of chicken anemia virus, which causes disease in poultry chicks. (hakaimagazine.com)
  • Scientists still need to conclusively prove that the virus triggers the respiratory disease on its own, Bunce says, as other factors could contribute to causing the illness. (hakaimagazine.com)
  • He participated in very large number of technical seminars of National / International importance and presented papers on subjects like Foot & Mouth Disease Virus typing, IBH/HPS Vaccine Development , Diagnostic Tests for Rinderpest and Mucosal Diseases , Nephrotropic IB Vaccine, Diagnosis of Infections Laryngio - trachaeitis. (satishserial.com)
  • Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Neonate Hemolytic disease of the fetus and neonate is hemolytic anemia in the fetus (or neonate, as erythroblastosis neonatorum) caused by transplacental transmission of maternal antibodies to fetal. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sickle Cell Disease Sickle cell disease (a hemoglobinopathy) causes a chronic hemolytic anemia occurring almost exclusively in people with African ancestry. (msdmanuals.com)
Gyrovirus3
  • Chicken anaemia virus (CAV) is the only member of the genus Gyrovirus of the family Anelloviridae . (caister.com)
  • Chicken anemia virus (CAV) is the member of the genus Gyrovirus of the family Circoviridae , and the genome consists of a circular single-stranded 2.3 kb DNA molecule [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sauvage V , Chevalb J , Foulongnec V , Gouilha MA , Parientea K , Manuguerra JC , Identification of the first human gyrovirus, a virus related to chicken anemia virus. (cdc.gov)
Escherichia1
Circoviridae1
  • We developed an assay to detect double stranded (ds) replicating TTV DNA based on the replication pattern of chicken anemia virus of the same Circoviridae family, which was used in a novel in vitro TTV culture system. (ox.ac.uk)
Antibody1
  • Virus isolation, increased antibody titres, immunoperoxidase staining, ELISA, PCR or indirect immunofluorescence can be used to confirm the presence of the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Circovirus1
  • It is caused by a circovirus called chicken anaemia virus (CAV), and may cause clinical symptoms in young chickens. (thepoultrysite.com)
Viral3
  • Two experiments on tissue distribution and shedding profiles of chicken anaemia virus in specific pathogen-free and commercial broiler chickens were conducted, one in specific-pathogen-free-layer chickens and the other in commercial broiler chickens, to detect and quantify the viral genome in various tissues and environmental samples. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • Viral DNA can remain present in the gonads of chickens with or without virus-neutralizing (VN) antibodies. (caister.com)
  • Tan J , Tannock GA . Role of viral load in the pathogenesis of chicken anemia virus. (cdc.gov)
Broiler1
  • Commercial broiler chickens are not usually vaccinated against chicken anaemia virus, but the parent stock are vaccinated to protect their progeny through passive immunity. (thepoultrysite.com)
Poultry industry2
Bone marrow2
  • The researchers M. Alsharari, A.F.M.F. Islam, S.W. Walkden-Brown and K.G. Renz in their paper to the 26th Australian Poultry Science Symposium found that chicken anaemia virus was detectable in a number of tissues with a high titre in thymus and bone marrow and therefore, these two tissues were taken as samples for molecular diagnosis. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • The presence of the chicken anaemia virus genome in various tissues reached its highest level in the bone marrow and the study concluded that bone marrow should be the best sample for diagnostic purposes followed by the thymus and bursa, but not the spleen. (thepoultrysite.com)
Icosahedral2
  • Electron microscopy and cesium chloride gradient density studies demonstrated that TTV is a 13-15nm nonenveloped icosahedral virus with a density of 1.32-1.33 g/ml. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Herpesvirus family members are icosahedral DNA viruses. (medscape.com)
Detection5
  • The most significant finding of the study was the detection of the virus in chicken dust and litter. (thepoultrysite.com)
  • In situ hybridization for the detection of chicken anemia virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. (qub.ac.uk)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'In situ hybridization for the detection of chicken anemia virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. (qub.ac.uk)
  • Osiowy C , Sauder C . Detection of TT virus in human hair and skin. (cdc.gov)
  • Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the sampling method for the detection of Ascaris suum larval DNA in chicken livers using real-time PCR. (edu.vn)
Affects1
ELISA2
  • The purified recombinant CAV VP1, VP2 and VP3 proteins were then used as antigens in order to evaluate their reactivity against chicken sera using indirect ELISA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Purified recombinant VP2-396N and VP2-345N subunit proteins, which span defined regions of VP2, were demonstrated to have good antigenicity and higher sensitivities than VP3-246M and were able to recognize CAV-positive chicken serum using an ELISA assay. (biomedcentral.com)
Apoptosis1
  • Chicken anemia virus induced apoptosis: underlying molecular mechanisms. (cdc.gov)
Replication1
  • An RNA-based system to study hepatitis B virus replication and evaluate antivirals. (harvard.edu)
Fowl1
Peripheral1
  • Maggi F , Focosi D , Lanini L , Sbranti S , Mazzetti P , Macera L , Xenotropic murine leukaemia virus-related virus is not found in peripheral blood cells from treatment-naive human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. (cdc.gov)
Herpesvirus1
  • DNA viruses such as herpesvirus and poxvirus have multiple genes, some of them host-derived, which interfere with effective innate or acquired immune responses. (imperial.ac.uk)
Infections2
  • He also worked on newly emerging diseases like IBD, Chicken Anemia Agent (CAA) & Reo Virus Infections in Poultry. (satishserial.com)
  • 1997 USPHS/IDSA guidelines for the prevention of opportunistic infections in persons infected with human immuno- deficiency virus. (cdc.gov)
Characterization1
  • Isolation and characterization of Akhmeta virus from wild caught rodents ( Apodemus spp. (cdc.gov)
Bovine2
  • Abstract Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) belongs to the genus, Deltaretrovirus of the family, Retroviridae and it is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis. (edu.vn)
  • Bovilis® Vista Once SQ contains modified live cultures of bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus, bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) virus (Type 1 and 2), parainfluenza3 virus (PI3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and avirulent live cultures of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida. (msd-animal-health.co.za)
VACCINE2
  • One dose (5 ml) of the vaccine contains at least 10 5.5 TCID50 inactivated BRS virus (strain EV 908) and at least 10 7.3 TCID50 Parainfluenza 3 virus (strain SF-4 Reisinger), together with 9 x 109 cells inactivated Mannheimia haemolytica bacteria (serotype A1) propagated under conditions of iron restriction. (msd-animal-health.ie)
  • A live intranasal vaccine against RSV and PI3 viruses for use in calves from the day of birth. (msd-animal-health.ie)
Proteins3
  • The results of these ELISAs using truncated recombinant VP2 and VP3 subunit proteins as coating antigen showed that VP2-345N, VP2-396N and VP3-246M gave good immunoreactivity with CAV-positive chicken sera compared to the other subunit proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The virus promoter-enhancer DNA sequence was also found to bind some of the proteins that recongnize a consensus estrogen response element (ERE) (Miller et al. (usda.gov)
  • Grapevine fanleaf virus RNA1-encoded proteins 1A and 1BHel suppress RNA silencing. (harvard.edu)
Respiratory syncy1
  • Rapid antigen tests were performed for influenza A and B and respiratory syncytial virus. (bvsalud.org)
Angola1
  • Emergence of the Asian lineage of Zika virus in Angola: an outbreak investigation. (cdc.gov)
Transcription5
  • The promoter/enhancer region resembles oestrogen response elements and transcription can be activated by oestrogen and repressed by chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 1. (caister.com)
  • Cotransfection assays were done, using expression vectors for thyroid receptor (TR) or chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1) to increase the levels of these hormone receptors in the cells containing the CAV promoter driving expression of EGFP. (usda.gov)
  • A long virus promoter construct that included sequences downstream from the transcription start point (TSP) expressed lower levels of EGFP than a shorter sequence that stopped at the TSP. (usda.gov)
  • Cotransfection assays, using expression vectors for thyroid receptor (TR) or chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1) and the CAV promoter driving expression of EGFP, were used to test for transcription regulation by these members of the nuclear receptor family that also recognize a consensus ERE. (usda.gov)
  • Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCRs) were performed to detect 16 viruses. (bvsalud.org)
Immunity1
  • Birds that have been infected develop immunity to the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Liver1
  • On a simulated sample with an added recombinant plasmid to the chicken liver tissue DNA, the assay positively identified GyV3 with same result as did the SYBR Green â…  PCR. (fjnyxb.cn)