Chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia. Medical search. Frequent questions

See also Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment Protocols . (medscape.com)
Approximately 40% of those affected with leukemia will have Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), a cancer of the BM and blood wherein blood cells are unable to develop or function normally, are overproduced at an immature stage of development and overtake any normal elements remaining in the BM and blood. (aiche.org)
Doctors may also refer to it as acute myeloid leukemia , acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, acute myelocytic leukemia, or acute granulocytic leukemia. (medicalnewstoday.com)
A heterogenous group of myeloid disorders characterized by somatically mutated hematopoietic stem cells,the presence of variable peripheral cytopenias, and a broad risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (standardofcare.com)
Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) collectively have a high symptom burden and are also at risk of death from complications of cytopenias and acute myeloid leukemia. (standardofcare.com)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and related neoplasms. (oncolink.org)
Myeloid leukemia associated with Down syndrome. (oncolink.org)
Therapy related leukemia is most commonly acute myeloid leukemia. (standardofcare.com)
Sargramostim is a colony stimulating factor that is FDA approved for the treatment of granulocytopenia following induction chemotherapy in acute myelogenous leukemia , mobilization and following transplantation of autologous peripheral blood progentior cells, myeloid reconstitution after autologous bone marrow transplantation, myeloid reconstitution after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and bone marrow transplantation failure or engraftment delay. (wikidoc.org)
The influence of stem cell source on transplant outcomes for pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia. (duke.edu)
When hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is necessary for children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), there remains debate about the best stem cell source. (duke.edu)
Myeloid or myelogenous leukemia is a cancer that occurs in the marrow cells that develop into red blood cells. (healthhearty.com)
In the study conducted by independent investigators, four high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients (age range 15 to 20 years) received a significantly higher dose of QUADRAMET than the standard palliative dose in combination with chemotherapy conditioning regimens with melphalan (n = 3) or busulfan/cyclophosphamide (n = 1) as preparatory conditioning regimens prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
According to the American Cancer Society, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), also known as acute myelocytic leukemia or acute myelogenous leukemia, is a cancer that begins in cells that normally develop into blood cells. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
The most common leukemia is acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with about 11,930 new cases expected. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
The disease is now considered to be the most curable subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults. (nature.com)
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with the first description as a distinct entity in 1957. (nature.com)
I have expertise in novel therapies for acute myeloid leukemia, stem cell mobilization and homing, as well as stem cell transplantation. (rochester.edu)
Objectives Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is classified in part by recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities, often detected by both fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and karyotype. (medscape.com)
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults and is characterized by an aggressive clinical course and variable outcome due in part to clinical and biological heterogeneity. (medscape.com)

Modern induction chemotherapy produces 60% to 80% complete remissions in adults with newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia. (elsevierpure.com)
Describe the unique features of acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML M3), including the morphologic appearance of the promyelocyte, hemorrhagic complications, chromosomal abnormality, and treatment with induction therapy and all trans retinoic acid. (hematology.org)
Be able to state the approximate success rate of chemotherapy for AML (rate of complete remission with induction chemotherapy and cure rate). (hematology.org)
Be able to identify the complications of induction chemotherapy for AML. (hematology.org)
Aerosolized formulations of amphotericin B may be considered as prophylaxis in patients with prolonged neutropenia (patients receiving induction/reinduction therapy for acute leukemia and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients following conditioning or during treatment of graft versus host disease) and in lung transplant recipients. (medscape.com)
One treatment option is induction chemotherapy, which involves several drugs. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Consolidation chemotherapy can follow induction chemotherapy to treat any remaining leukemia cells that are not visible in the blood or bone marrow. (medicalnewstoday.com)
During the course of 3 months after his diagnosis, the patient underwent induction chemotherapy with remission and prolonged periods of count recovery. (cdc.gov)
Chemotherapy for AML is broken down into three phases: induction phase, consolidation (or intensification), and maintenance phase. (oncolink.org)
A 31-year-old Caucasian man presented to the emergency department with sudden onset fever, chills and chest, pain two weeks after completing induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia. (efim.org)
High-risk features included secondary AML and a chromosomal defect known as monosomy 7 (n = 1), chemotherapy induction failure (n = 1), and AML in relapse (n = 2). (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)

Treatment recommendations include general recommendations, which take into account patient age and performance status, as well as recommendations for relapsed or refractory disease and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). (medscape.com)
Subject has acute promyelocytic leukemia, inversion16, t(8;21) or FLT3 mutant AML as described below. (dana-farber.org)
Historically, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was considered to be one of the most fatal forms of acute leukemia with poor outcomes before the introduction of the vitamin A derivative all- trans retinoic acid (ATRA). (nature.com)

Factors Associated with Long-Term Risk of Relapse after Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Remission. (duke.edu)
Complete remission rate after standard chemotherapy falls in PGP-positive cases (p = 0.001). (karger.com)
In 78 patients who were eligible for intensive chemotherapy, complete remission was achieved in 84.6% and overall DFS was 41.1 +/- 5.9% at 5 years, and their survival was longer than that of ineligible patients. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)

Several chemotherapy agents that include alkylating agents, topoisomerase inhibitors, and tax anew are associated with the development of acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. (standardofcare.com)
He was diagnosed at age 1 with myelodysplastic syndrome (similar to acute myelogenous leukemia), and underwent several months of chemotherapy in 2006 and 2007. (crossfit.com)
Their median age was 51 years, 17 (13.2%) of them had antecedent myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 9 (7.0%) had secondary leukemia. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
This is a multicenter, open-label, Phase 1/2a dose escalation and expansion study of orally administered emavusertib (CA-4948) monotherapy in adult patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) or high risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). (rochester.edu)
The most common cancers linked to chemotherapy drugs are AML (acute myelogenous leukemia) and MDS (myelodysplastic syndrome). (thetruthaboutcancer.com)

For consolidation chemotherapy or for the management of toxic effects of chemotherapy, readmission is required. (medscape.com)
We analyzed the long-term results of high-dose cytarabine-anthracycline consolidation chemotherapy without maintenance treatment and examined the effect of major prognostic factors, including age, sex, history of preleukemia, and cytogenetics. (elsevierpure.com)
Toxicity of consolidation chemotherapy included treatment-related death in nine patients and serious neurotoxicity in five. (elsevierpure.com)
Good - Perform consolidation chemotherapy with ARA-C. (medicowesome.com)

As with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the successful management of patients with AML requires a therapeutic strategy determined by careful assessment of individual prognosis, aggressive supportive therapy, and early recognition and treatment of complications. (hematology.org)
For pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapse is an important cause of treatment failure after unrelated cord blood transplant (UCBT). (duke.edu)
Radiation therapy has been linked to the occurrence of solid tumors of the lung, stomach, and bone, and to various types of leukemia such as AML (acute myelogenous leukemia), CML (chronic myelogenous leukemia), and ALL (acute lymphoblastic leukemia). (thetruthaboutcancer.com)

AML may also be called acute myelocytic leukemia, acute granulocytic leukemia, or acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. (oncolink.org)
A 22-yr-old man with acute myelocytic leukemia received a bone marrow transplant from a genotypically HLA-identical female sibling after cyclophosphamide preparation. (notifylibrary.org)

He returned to acting while simultaneously undergoing chemotherapy treatments, but in 1991 suffered a relapse. (wikipedia.org)
However, the vast majority of these individuals relapse within a year due to the persistence of residual AML and leukemia stem cells. (ca.gov)

The most common treatment for most types of leukemia is intensive chemotherapy. (aiche.org)
Research suggests that while treatments such as intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic stem cell transplantation may be curative for younger people, they are less likely to be effective in older individuals. (medicalnewstoday.com)
People who undergo intensive chemotherapy may need to stay in the hospital for 3-5 weeks . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Seventy-eight patients (60.5%) were considered eligible for cure-oriented intensive chemotherapy. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)

Acute monoblastic/monocytic leukemia. (oncolink.org)

His research projects include clinical studies of new drugs, therapies, and bone marrow/stem cell transplantation for patients with malignancies of the blood or bone marrow such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. (uclahealth.org)
He has carried out studies of stem cell transplantation following high-dose chemotherapy and radiation for acute myelogenous leukemia, one of the most common types of leukemia in adults. (uclahealth.org)

The acute leukemias are aggressive malignancies that originate in a hematopoietic stem cell and are rapidly fatal without immediate treatment. (hematology.org)
Dr. Schiller is a well-published clinical investigator in acute and chronic leukemias, multiple myeloma, and other hematologic malignancies, as well as in stem cell and bone marrow transplantation. (uclahealth.org)
Likewise, polymorphisms in glutathione S -transferase are associated with secondary AML after chemotherapy for other malignancies. (medscape.com)

Current standard chemotherapy regimens cure only a minority of patients with AML. (medscape.com)

Therapeutic Candidate or Device OSSM007: cryopreserved, interferon-gamma-primed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) Indication acute Graft versus host disease (aGVHD) resulting from hematopoietic cell transplantation Therapeutic Mechanism Immunomodulation of host-reactive T cells to induce operational tolerance of donor HSC-derived lymphocytes through direct cell-to-cell contact and secreted paracrine factors. (ca.gov)
Outcome of transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia in children with Down syndrome. (duke.edu)

See Chronic Leukemias: 4 Cancers to Differentiate , a Critical Images slideshow, to help detect chronic leukemias and determine the specific type present. (medscape.com)

Alkylating agents or radiation related and topoisomerase II inhibitor related acute myelogenous leukemia are often related to deletions of monosomies of chromosomes 5 and 7 amd a relatively long latency of 4-6 years. (standardofcare.com)
The risk of secondary leukemia is associated with the type of cytotoxic agents, cumulative dose, intensity of such agents and cumulative ionizing radiation doses. (standardofcare.com)
Conventional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation actually promote cancer. (thetruthaboutcancer.com)
How Long Has it Been Known That Chemotherapy and Radiation Can Lead to Second Cancers? (thetruthaboutcancer.com)
The link between chemotherapy and radiation and the development of second cancers has been known for decades! (thetruthaboutcancer.com)
Like chemotherapy drugs, radiation therapy destroys cancer cells but also harms healthy cells. (thetruthaboutcancer.com)
Risk is dose related and the risk of developing leukemia increases even more if radiation is given along with cisplatin or carboplatin (or other platins). (thetruthaboutcancer.com)
Stem cell transplants increase risk of second cancers from the chemotherapy and radiation used as well as the associated suppression of the immune system. (com.ng)

Multidrug resistance parameters, tissue infiltration parameters, receptors for colony-stimulating factors (CSFr) and cell cycle parameters were analyzed using flow cytometry in 145, 109 initial and 36 relapsed or refractory, acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) patients to find out clinically more reliable functional parameters. (karger.com)

Chemotherapy drugs that are alkylating agents such as mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, melahalan, and others interfere with a cell's DNA that can sometimes cause AML and MDS. (thetruthaboutcancer.com)

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease of the bone marrow in which hematopoietic precursors are arrested in an early stage of development. (medscape.com)
The publication, "Marrow irradiation with high-dose 153 Samarium-EDTMP followed by chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell infusion for acute myelogenous leukemia" by Vilmarie Rodriguez, M.D., a Pediatric Oncologist at The Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, appears in a recent issue of the peer-reviewed journal Leukemia & Lymphoma (Leuk Lymphoma. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)

When receiving chemotherapy, patients should avoid exposure to crowds and people with contagious illnesses, especially children with viral infections. (medscape.com)
Patients with AML are best treated at a center whose staff has significant experience in the treatment of leukemia. (medscape.com)
Patients should be transferred to an appropriate (generally tertiary care) hospital if they are admitted to hospitals without appropriate blood product support, leukapheresis capabilities, or physicians and nurses familiar with the treatment of leukemia patients. (medscape.com)
Two hundred twenty-seven patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia were enrolled on two sequential studies conducted from 1982 to 1991. (elsevierpure.com)
A significant portion of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) can now be cured with chemotherapy. (hematology.org)
Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) was initially described in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients undergoing chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
More than 70% of oncology patients who develop neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis do so after their first course of chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
Induced leukemia-differences in the ages of patients and differences in the accumulative doses of alkylating agents explain the wide variations in risk from study to study. (standardofcare.com)
We propose a powerful strategy for converting patients' leukemia cells into effective vaccines that stimulate anti-leukemic immunity. (ca.gov)
Leukemia life expectancy in patients depends upon several factors that include the type of leukemia, age, severity of the disease and the treatment provided. (healthhearty.com)
Let's gather some vital information on the life expectancy of patients affected with leukemia from the article below. (healthhearty.com)
Treatment results for unselected patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
In order to analyse the clinical characteristics and outcome in acute myelogenous leukemia, 129 consecutive adult patients admitted to our hospital over a 10-year period, from August 1984 to July 1994, were studied. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Dive into the research topics of 'Treatment results for unselected patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Furthermore, with ATRA-ATO combinations, chemotherapy may safely be omitted in low-risk patients. (nature.com)
In the past two decades, therapy for newly diagnosed APL has evolved from an all- trans retinoic acid (ATRA)+chemotherapy backbone for all patients to the addition of arsenic trioxide (ATO) to ATRA with omission of chemotherapy in low-risk patients as a new standard of care. (nature.com)
In this retrospective study at one hospital, the records of 152 patients with stage Ia to IIIa ER + breast cancer who received goserelin or chemotherapy were reviewed. (biomedcentral.com)
Epidemiologic Investigation of a Cluster of Neuroinvasive Bacillus cereus Infections in 5 Patients With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. (cdc.gov)

Therapy related leukemia this is complication of treatment that can develop months to years or even decades after exposure to cytotoxic agents or radiotherapy or both. (standardofcare.com)
The recommended dose is 250 mcg/m2/day administered IV over a 2-hour period beginning two to four hours after bone marrow infusion, and not less than 24 hours after the last dose of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. (wikidoc.org)
The chloroma recurred 8 mo later and was treated with radiotherapy followed by combination chemotherapy. (notifylibrary.org)
Even the American Cancer Society acknowledges that chemotherapy and radiotherapy are carcinogens and may increase risk for developing a second cancer, and that the risk is even higher when both therapies are given together . (thetruthaboutcancer.com)
Though studies have examined the cost-effectiveness of adjuvant goserelin with radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer, few have compared the cost-effectiveness of adjuvant goserelin to adjuvant chemotherapy alone in premenopausal breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

The induced differential stress resistance results in improved resistance to cytotoxicity in normal cells, which, in turn, reduces cytotoxic side-effects due to chemotherapy, as well as improved effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents. (justia.com)
Because chemotherapy affects cell division, both normal and cancerous cells are susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents. (justia.com)
Chemotherapy decreases estrogen levels due to cytotoxic effects on the ovaries. (biomedcentral.com)

Through bone marrow biopsy, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) with maturation (FAB-M2) is diagnosed, and myelodysplasia (MDS) is also noted. (cdc.gov)
Chromosome changes of the same type in primary AML occur in most cases os of chemotherapy-induced myelodysplasia and AML. (standardofcare.com)
Role of signal transduction inhibition in treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia/myelodysplasia. (rochester.edu)

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. (oncolink.org)

AML is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults, and it happens when the bone marrow begins making myeloblasts, also called blasts. (medicalnewstoday.com)
However, of the forms of acute leukemia that affect adults, AML currently has the shortest length of survival. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease that commonly affects adults who are aged 55 years and above. (healthhearty.com)
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a common disease affecting adults, especially men. (healthhearty.com)

Leukemia is an umbrella term for cancers affecting the blood-forming cells in the body. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Leukemia is a word that is used to describe a broad spectrum of diseases affecting the blood or bone marrow. (healthhearty.com)

Therapy related leukemia accounts for 10-20% of acute myelogenous leukemia cases. (standardofcare.com)
Alkylating agents and topoisomerase II inhibitors induce therapy related leukemia. (standardofcare.com)
My principle research interests are in the prevention and therapy of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and in the use of graft-versus-leukemia to eradicate blood disorders. (harvard.edu)
Chronic leukemia does not require immediate treatment and the patient has to be monitored to find the right therapy. (healthhearty.com)
Goserelin therapy results in better survival and higher utility-weighted life-years, and is more cost-effective than TC or TEC chemotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)

Acute leukemia is a rapidly progressing disease where immature blood cells are more in number. (healthhearty.com)
When there is an increase in the production of abnormal and immature lymphocytes, it is called lymphocytic leukemia. (healthhearty.com)

A direct toxic effect of chemotherapy and a paraneoplastic mechanism have both been proposed to explain neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis in the context of malignancy. (medscape.com)
instead, the diagnosis of FA more commonly occurs as a consequence of presentation with cancer or with severe toxicity after chemotherapy treatment for a malignancy. (wikidoc.org)

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia. (oncolink.org)

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is an acquired form of leukemia that is very common in young children. (healthhearty.com)
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) involves very young cells that should develop into lymphocytes but instead become cancerous. (msdmanuals.com)

For further information on leukemia survival rate and life expectancies, speak to your health care provider. (healthhearty.com)

Also see the Medscape articles Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia . (medscape.com)

It will be important to attend follow-up exams to check for a recurrence of leukemia and any possible treatment side effects. (medicalnewstoday.com)

These findings were consistent with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), FAB M5b subtype. (contemporarypediatrics.com)

the name toxic erythema of chemotherapy has been proposed. (medscape.com)
The mechanism(s) of neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) is unknown, although neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis pathologic changes observed with intradermal bleomycin injections support a direct toxic effect of chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
A diagnosis of toxic erythema of chemotherapy has been proposed for this group of disorders, to emphasize the overlapping clinical and histological features with similar eruptions. (medscape.com)
Curative AML treatment requires referral to a major medical center and toxic inpatient chemotherapy, creating financial and geographic challenges. (ca.gov)

Describe the predominant cell types seen in the peripheral blood and/or bone marrow in each of the four major categories of leukemia (AML, ALL, CML, CLL). (hematology.org)

Sargramostin is also used in people who are undergoing blood stem cell transplants, in people who are undergoing bone marrow transplants, and to prepare the blood for leukapheresis (a treatment in which certain blood cells are removed from the body and then returned to the body following chemotherapy). (medlineplus.gov)
If you are using sargramostim to decrease the risk of infection during a bone marrow transplant, you will receive the medication at least 24 hours after you receive chemotherapy and again 2 to 4 hours after the bone marrow is infused. (medlineplus.gov)
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a type of cancer that involves the bone marrow. (medicalnewstoday.com)

[ 4 ] Particularly increased risk exists for AML that occurs after chemotherapy for another disease or for de novo AML with an abnormality of chromosomes 5, 7, or both. (medscape.com)

Chemotherapy Chemotherapy is a drug that destroys cancer cells. (msdmanuals.com)

If you are using sargramostim to decrease the risk of infection during chemotherapy, you will receive the medication at least 4 days after you receive your last dose of each chemotherapy cycle. (medlineplus.gov)
Induced leukemia-the risk is dose dependent and increases exponentially with age after the age of 40 years. (standardofcare.com)

In the case of topoisomerase II inhibitors such as Etoposide, Teniposide, and Mitoantrone, the drugs stop cells from being able to repair DNA, sometimes causing leukemia, often within as little as 2-3 years. (thetruthaboutcancer.com)
Anthracyclines, while still topoisomerase II inhibitors, are less likely to cause leukemia. (thetruthaboutcancer.com)

It also has severe limitations on the dosage of chemotherapeutic agents that can be administered to a patient, thus, limiting the effective range of chemotherapy. (justia.com)
By making normal cells more resistant to chemotherapeutic agents, a patient's tolerance for cytotoxicity is improved, which, in turn, also improves the effectiveness of chemotherapy. (justia.com)

John was dying -- diagnosis acute myelogenous leukemia. (authorhouse.com)
Any spontaneous development of painful swelling of the thyroid gland warrants a complete work up that includes thyroid hormones, thyroid autoimmune panel, acute phase reactant titers, and, if available, imaging that may lead to the diagnosis of an inflammatory or infectious cause of thyroiditis. (intec.edu.do)

choice of chemotherapy, intensity and duration often depends on either the availability of a clinical trial, the treating physician's experience or the collective experience of the treating centre, with significant international protocol variability. (aiche.org)
Leukemia is divided into different forms and types based on its clinical and pathological manifestation. (healthhearty.com)
Leukemia Society of America, Clinical Scholar Award. (rochester.edu)
Acute bacterial suppurative thyroiditis: a clinical review and expert opinion. (intec.edu.do)

Anatomy23

Organisms8

Diseases60

Chemicals and Drugs83

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment50

Phenomena and Processes40

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care13

Myeloid20

Induction11

Promyelocytic3

Remission3

Myelodysplastic5

Consolidation chemotherapy4

Lymphoblastic3

Myelocytic2

Relapse2

Intensive chemotherapy4

Monocytic1

Stem cell transplant2

Malignancies3

Regimens1

Transplantation2

Chronic leukemias1

Radiation8

Relapsed or refractory1

Cyclophosphamide1

Hematopoietic2

Patients18

Radiotherapy5

Cytotoxic3

Myelodysplasia3

Megakaryoblastic leukemia1

Adults4

Cancers1

Blood or bone marrow1

Therapy5

Immature2

Malignancy2

Myelomonocytic1

Lymphocytic2

Survival1

Medscape1

Recurrence1

Subtype1

Toxic4

Peripheral1

Marrow3

Novo1

Destroys1

Dose2

Topoisomerase II inhibitors2

Chemotherapeutic agents2

Diagnosis2

Clinical4