The addition of chemoattractants to polymorphonuclear leukocyte suspensions evoked a single wave of increased light transmission, whereas the perpendicular scattering measurement demonstrated a previously unrecognized biphasic response. (jci.org)
C and its relationship to polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in aggressive periodontitis. (cdc.gov)
Mononuclear leukocyte1
22. Abnormalities of chemotactic lymphokine synthesis and mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. (nih.gov)
Enhance chemotaxis1
Low doses of aliphatic alcohols, which have been shown to enhance chemotaxis but to inhibit secretion and superoxide anion production, abolished the slow perpendicular light-scattering response but left the fast response intact. (jci.org)
Migration7
Chemotaxis is directional cell migration guided by extracellular chemoattractant gradients. (nih.gov)
Chemokines are a superfamily of 8- to 10-kDa soluble chemotactic cytokines that bind to their connate G protein-coupled receptors to cause a cellular response, such as migration, adhesion, or chemotaxis. (molvis.org)
They are produced by tissue cells and leukocytes and regulate leukocyte migration in inflammatory and immune processes. (molvis.org)
van Buul JD, van Alphen FP, Hordijk PL. The presence of alpha-catenin in the VE-cadherin complex is required for efficient transendothelial migration of leukocytes. (ijbs.com)
This VE-cadherin-catenin complex is believed to dynamically control endothelial cell-cell junctions and to regulate the passage of leukocytes, although not much is known about the role of alpha- and beta-catenin during the process of transendothelial migration (TEM). (ijbs.com)
We and others have previously reported that inhibition of VE-cadherin function by the use of blocking antibodies promotes transendothelial migration of neutrophils and CD34 + cells in vitro and in vivo [ 6 - 8 ], suggesting that VE-cadherin mediates transendothelial migration of leukocytes. (ijbs.com)
Chemotactic3
Therefore, employing 2D and 3D computer-assisted motion analysis systems, we have analyzed the basic motile behavior and chemotactic responsiveness of individual polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) of 14 clinically diagnosed SDS patients. (nih.gov)
The biphasic nature of the light-scattering responses to chemoattractants, moreover, correlates with the dual regulation of the chemotactic and secretory responses of leukocytes. (jci.org)
Once in the interstitial fluid , leukocytes migrate along a chemotactic gradient towards the site of injury or infection. (wikidoc.org)
Pathways2
Interplay between computational simulation and experimental verification allowed her to propose a novel model, specifically a local inhibitory model, in GPCR-mediated chemotaxis to identify new components and novel signaling pathways essential for chemotaxis. (nih.gov)
The central hypothesis is that DHA attenuates hyperoxia- induced lung injury by decreasing leukocyte chemotaxis, through altering RAGE expression and signaling pathways. (nih.gov)
Transmigration1
Transmigration of the leukocyte occurs as PECAM proteins, found on the leukocyte and endothelial cell surfaces, interact and effectively pull the cell through the endothelium. (wikidoc.org)
Evaluation of human leukocyte N-formylpeptide receptor (FPR1) SNPs in aggressive periodontitis patients. (cdc.gov)
MACROPHAGES1
At the same time, chemokines released by macrophages activate the rolling leukocytes and cause surface integrin molecules to switch from the default low-affinity state to a high-affinity state. (wikidoc.org)
Adhesion15
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency. (medscape.com)
Thus the infections in patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency act similarly as those observed in patients with neutropenia. (medscape.com)
Labial ulceration from which Escherichia coli was cultured in an 8-month-old girl with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD I). Note the thin bluish scar at the superior aspect of the labia from an earlier cellulitis. (medscape.com)
This 3-year-old girl had leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) with complete absence of CD18 expression. (medscape.com)
This 10-month-old patient with severe leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) developed a cervical adenitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. (medscape.com)
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) is a failure to express CD18, which composes the common ß 2 subunit of LFA1 family (ß2 integrins). (medscape.com)
In milder forms of leukocyte adhesion deficiency I (1-30% expression of CD8), patients may survive to adulthood. (medscape.com)
Patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency II manifest the Bombay phenotype (ie, negative for O and H blood group antigens with potential production of anti-H antibody). (medscape.com)
However, IgM and IgG serum levels are within the reference range in patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency II. (medscape.com)
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency II may be classified as one of the congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), a rapidly expanding group of metabolic syndromes with a wide symptomatology and severity. (medscape.com)
Currently, 18 subtypes have been reported: 12 are type I (dysfunctional lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor synthesis), and 6 are type II (dysfunctional trimming/processing of the protein-bound oligosaccharide), including leukocyte adhesion deficiency II (CDG-IIc). (medscape.com)
Variants of leukocyte adhesion deficiency have also been reported, including fully expressed but nonfunctional CD18 and an E selectin that is expressed but rapidly cleaved from the cell surface (only present in soluble form). (medscape.com)
Another reported type of leukocyte adhesion deficiency involves dysfunction in platelet aggregation in addition to a defect in leukocyte adhesion. (medscape.com)
Thus, patients with this type of leukocyte adhesion deficiency manifest both severe bacterial infections and bleeding disorder. (medscape.com)
This leukocyte adhesion deficiency variant is associated with defective expression of the Rap-1 activator CalDAG-GEFI. (medscape.com)
Endothelial9
These 2 members mediate leukocyte adhesions to endothelial cells but they also serve as receptors for iC3b (inactivated C3b). (medscape.com)
This disease is a defect in fucose metabolism (lack of fucosylation of the carbohydrate selectin ligands) that results in failure to express the ligand for E and P selectin, sialyl Lewis-X (CD15s) expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells. (medscape.com)
The majority of the leukocytes cross the endothelial lining of the vessels through cell-cell junctions. (ijbs.com)
The junctional protein Vascular Endothelial (VE)-cadherin is transiently re-distributed from sites of cell-cell contacts during passage of leukocytes. (ijbs.com)
Because VE-cadherin-mediated cell-cell junctions hold the endothelial cells tightly together, the endothelial layer functions as a barrier for macromolecules and leukocytes and thereby protects the underlying tissue from damage. (ijbs.com)
However, under certain (pathologic) conditions, such as inflammation, traffic of leukocytes across the endothelial layer through the cell-cell junctions is required. (ijbs.com)
Endothelial selectins bind carbohydrates on leukocyte transmembrane glycoproteins , including sialyl-Lewis X . (wikidoc.org)
Neutrophils2
One of Dr. Xu's primary areas of research focuses on chemoattractant GPCR-mediated chemotaxis using both the model organism D. discoideum and mammalian neutrophils. (nih.gov)
This would mean that at 1900 the neutrophils are quite low and would endanger the person of having infections since the neutrophils are the most numerous leukocytes and the first responders of any infection. (quizlet.com)
Leukocyte extravasation is the movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system , towards the site of tissue damage or infection. (wikidoc.org)
Defense1
Neutrophil senses and moves to inflammatory sites through chemotaxis, provides first-line host defense during pathogen invasion, and plays critical roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. (nih.gov)
Immune3
These in vivo assays include (1) assessing the ability of larvae to recover from experimental infections, (2) quantifying the release reactive oxygen species after immune stimulation, (3) visualizing leukocyte chemotaxis and (4) quantifying NFkB activation. (nih.gov)
This process forms part of the innate immune response , involving the recruitment of non-specific leukocytes. (wikidoc.org)
If L-selectin is not produced, the immune response may be ten times slower, as P-selectins (which can also be produced by leukocytes) bind to each other. (wikidoc.org)
Recruitment3
Xu X, Wen X, Veltman DM, Keizer-Gunnink I, Pots H, Kortholt A, Jin T. GPCR-controlled membrane recruitment of negative regulator C2GAP1 locally inhibits Ras signaling for adaptation and long-range chemotaxis . (nih.gov)
[ 1 , 2 ] The clinical picture is characterized by marked leukocytosis and localized bacterial infections that are difficult to detect until they have progressed to an extensive level secondary to lack of leukocyte recruitment at the site of infection. (medscape.com)
It has been demonstrated that leukocyte recruitment is halted whenever any of these steps is suppressed. (wikidoc.org)
Infection1
Circulating leukocytes are localised towards the site of injury or infection due to the presence of chemokines. (wikidoc.org)
Movement1
The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction. (nih.gov)
Rolling1
This causes the leukocytes to slow down and begin rolling along the inner surface of the vessel wall. (wikidoc.org)
Organism2
Dr. Xu focused on developing and applying state-of-the-art imaging technologies to monitor the signaling network of GPCR-mediated chemotaxis in the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum. (nih.gov)
At low evolutionary levels, such as the unicellular eukaryote Tetrahymena pyriformis, histamine is critical for organism survival, playing key roles in phagocytosis, cell growth, glucose metabolism, and chemotaxis ( 7 ). (lww.com)
Cells1
Her discoveries suggest an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which eukaryotic cells gate sensitive concentration ranges of chemoattractant for chemotaxis. (nih.gov)
Effects of serotonin, carbamylcholine, and ascorbic acid on leukocyte cyclic GMP and chemotaxis. (rupress.org)
One of the more common adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy is the destruction of leukocytes. (quizlet.com)
This effects the immobilisation of the leukocytes, despite the shear forces of the ongoing blood flow. (wikidoc.org)
Response2
The dose-response curve of chemoattractants for inducing the rapid (10 +/- 1 s) perpendicular scattering peak corresponded to that which initiated chemotaxis. (jci.org)
The rapid perpendicular light-scattering response of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to chemoattractants appears to record an initial event in the stimulus-response coupling, and its measurement should provide a useful new tool for the study of leukocyte function. (jci.org)
The leukocytes secrete proteases that degrade the basement membrane , allowing them to escape the blood vessel - a process known as diapedesis. (wikidoc.org)
Patients1
METHODS--We measured IL-6, IL-1 beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, IL-8, and polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) chemotaxis and degranulation in SF from patients with RA (n = 30) in the early phase of the disease. (bmj.com)