Chemokine gene. Medical search. Frequent questions

This chemokine receptor is special because it binds only one chemokine ligand CCL20 in compare to other chemokine receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Since the first reports on chemokine function, much information has been generated on the implications of these molecules in numerous physiological and pathological processes, as well as on the signaling events activated through their binding to receptors. (nih.gov)
The analysis of the conformations adopted by these receptors at the membrane and their dynamics is thus crucial for a complete understanding of the function of the chemokines. (nih.gov)
Several human chemokine receptors have been sons than for those homozygous for the wild classified as such on the basis of similarity of type CCR5 (12,17-19,23). (cdc.gov)
The discovery of the gene sequences and predicted protein structures, role of CCR5 alleles has prompted studies of but their ligands have not been identified the possible role of many other host genes in (orphan receptors). (cdc.gov)
What Are Chemokine Receptors? (cdc.gov)
Cytokine-chemokines act on cellular receptors to further increase NFkB transcription of innate immune genes in additional brain cells. (unc.edu)
Two chemokine receptors, CXCR4 and CX3CR1, were broadly expressed, implying a potentially central role in cell trafficking. (broadinstitute.org)

Other virus-induced cytokines and chemokines activate the adaptive immune system and direct the migration of leukocytes [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
There was a similar reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines IL-6, KC, and MIP-2 in SBE plus G31P-treated mice. (cdc.gov)
The host genetic factors are assumed to play a critical role in tuberculosis pathogenesis, through impact on the gene expression of cytokines and chemokines, which are implicated in the host immune response. (cdc.gov)

C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is expressed by T lymphocytes, macrophages and monocytes. (sigmaaldrich.com)
C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a receptor for chemokine ligands-3, -4 and -5. (sigmaaldrich.com)

In the absence of exogenous cytokine, synovial and skin fibroblasts exhibited similar patterns of gene expression. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Activation of NFkB transcription leads to increased synthesis of cytokine-chemokines, e.g. (unc.edu)
Chemokine/cytokine responses in immune complex triggered IFN-α activity was studied in healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (lu.se)
One particular cytokine, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), was seen to double the risk of AD in the first 2 years of a child's life. (medscape.com)

Hydrodynamic Gene Delivery of CC Chemokine Binding Fc Fusion Proteins to Target Acute Vascular Inflammation In Vivo. (ox.ac.uk)

Functional annotation clustering of the microarray data showed that gene clusters involved in immune and antiviral responses ranked highly, involving genes such as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 ( CCL2 ), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 ( CCL5 ), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 ( CXCL10 ), and toll like receptor 3 ( TLR3 ). (molvis.org)
In an animal model of binge alcohol drinking, Crews' group found that alcohol activated microglia and increased brain levels of the proinflammatory chemokines-cytokines, TNFa, IL-1 b , and MCP-1(CCL2), as well as oxidases and proteases involved in innate immune activation. (unc.edu)

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the association of plasma MIF level and -173 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of the MIF gene with the occurrence, severity and mortality of sepsis patients. (who.int)

Our results suggest that human mast cells may be a source of multiple chemokines, that glucocorticoids may inhibit the expression of only a subset of these chemokines, and that mast cells and T-cell chemokine expression may occur via distinct regulatory pathways. (duke.edu)
Genetic susceptibility to Chagas disease cardiomyopathy: involvement of several genes of the innate immunity and chemokine-dependent migration pathways. (hal.science)
Statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) differentially expressed genes were analyzed to determine if they mapped to particular molecular functions, biological processes or pathways using Gene Ontology and Panther DB mapping tools. (ox.ac.uk)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
It mainly acts on biological processes such as inflammatory response, chemokine metabolic process, and immune response as well as pathways such as FoxO signaling pathway, Yersinia infection, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)
Unsensitized animals challenged with TMA exhibited also an increased number of macrophages in BAL, but gene expression in the above-mentioned gene pathways was unchanged or down-regulated. (cdc.gov)

Finally, our data reveal that, independent of inflammation, murine colon macrophages act as a major source of Ccl7 and Ccl8 chemokines that trigger further recruitment of their pro-inflammatory monocyte precursors. (frontiersin.org)

We compared the effects of anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids on the expression of chemokine genes in HMC-1 to their effects in activated T-cells. (duke.edu)
We find that methyl-prednisolone reduces MCP-1 but not other chemokine transcripts in HMC-1, even though there are distinct and more general effects on chemokine transcripts in activated T-cells. (duke.edu)
Some Th17 cells migrate via chemokine gradient of CCL20 to inflammatory sites and themselves can express more CCL20 to bring in more Th17 cells and regulatory T-cells (Treg). (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, the progressive infiltration of immune cells into the infected lungs observed in SARS patients could be due to the production of these chemokines by the infected tissue cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We focus here on the methodology insights of new techniques, such as those based on resonance energy transfer for the analysis of chemokine receptor conformations in living cells. (nih.gov)
RNA extracted from mock-infected and WNV-infected cells was assessed for differential expression of genes using Affymetrix microarray. (molvis.org)
Low-level WNV infection of hRPE cells induced expression of genes that are typically associated with the host cell response to virus infection. (molvis.org)
Here, we demonstrate that intragenic CpG frequency and distribution impacts transgene and genomic gene expression levels in mammalian cells. (nih.gov)
One major discovery was that members of the chemokine receptor family serve as cofactors for HIV entry into cells. (cdc.gov)
Pre- hematopoietic and other cells, but the Duffy sence of one copy of the deleted CCR5 gene also antigen of erythrocytes (DARC) is the only influences the course of disease as the onset of member expressed on cells of erythroid lineage. (cdc.gov)
Chemokine gene expression in lung CD8 T cells correlates with protective immunity in mice immunized intra-nasally with Adenovirus-85A. (ox.ac.uk)
In order to determine why the i.n. route is so effective compared to parenteral immunization, we used microarray analysis to compare gene expression profiles of pulmonary and splenic CD8 T cells after i.n. or intra-dermal (i.d.) immunization. (ox.ac.uk)
RESULTS: CD8 T cells from lungs of i.n. immunized mice expressed a large number of chemokines chemotactic for resting and activated T cells as well as activation and survival genes. (ox.ac.uk)
Lung lymphocytes from i.n. immunized mice also express the chemokine receptor gene Cxcr6, which is thought to aid long-term retention of antigen-responding T cells in the lungs. (ox.ac.uk)
CONCLUSIONS: Our microarray analysis represents the first ex vivo study comparing gene expression profiles of CD8 T cells isolated from distinct sites after immunization with an adenoviral vector by different routes. (ox.ac.uk)
The sustained expression of chemokines and activation genes enables CD8 T cells to remain in the lungs for extended periods after i.n. immunization. (ox.ac.uk)
Protein associated with the membranes of white blood cells that chemokines can attach to. (learner.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a mitogen-inducible monokine and is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. (cancerindex.org)
As a proof of principle we study the response of dendritic cells to their major guidance cues, chemokines. (nature.com)
Despite evidence suggesting that in vivo chemokines are often immobilized to sugar residues, limited information is available how cells respond to immobilized chemokines. (nature.com)
We tracked migration of dendritic cells towards immobilized gradients of the chemokine CCL21 and varying superimposed soluble gradients of CCL19. (nature.com)
Beyond chemokines our approach is broadly applicable to alternative systems of chemo- and haptotaxis such as cells migrating along gradients of adhesion receptor ligands vs. any soluble cue. (nature.com)
While mesenchymal and epithelial cells are dominated by adhesive interactions the amoeboid crawling of leukocytes is largely controlled by guidance cues of the chemokine family 3 , 4 . (nature.com)
The prevailing paradigm of chemokine function is that spatial diffusion-based gradients of chemokines induce polarization and directed migration of the responding cells towards the chemokine source 5 . (nature.com)
Although it is conceivable that cells can equally respond to gradients of soluble and/or immobilized chemokines, almost all cell biological information available about-gradient sensing is based on in vitro studies employing soluble gradients. (nature.com)
The best understood example for the significance of immobilized vs. soluble chemokine gradients is the trafficking of dendritic cells (DCs). (nature.com)
Once in the lymph node, the cells experience a second chemokine, (C-C motif) ligand19 (CCL19), which interacts with the same receptor (C-C chemokine receptor 7, CCR7) but interacts only weakly with sugars. (nature.com)
Deletion of Tet2 in murine melanoma and colon tumor cells reduced chemokine expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, enabling tumors to evade antitumor immunity and to resist anti-PD-L1 therapy. (jci.org)
Gene expression of immune cells in urine and kidney was highly correlated, which would suggest that urine might serve as a surrogate for kidney biopsies. (broadinstitute.org)

Reduced TET activity was associated with decreased Th1-type chemokines and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and the progression of human colon cancer. (jci.org)
Conversely, stimulating TET activity by systematic injection of its cofactor ascorbate/vitamin C increased chemokines and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, leading to enhanced antitumor immunity and anti-PD-L1 efficacy and extended lifespan of tumor-bearing mice. (jci.org)

Ectopic expressions of CXC chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL13), interleukins (IL-1/2/4/6/10/12/17/22/23), IFN- γ, and TNF- α occur in the minor salivary glands of SS patients as compared to healthy individuals [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

In this study we show that the human mast cell leukemia line HMC-1 is a source of multiple chemokines, including I-309, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta, RANTES, and interleukin-8. (duke.edu)
By studying transcriptome- and lipid mediator profiles in MDM of convalescent SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with previous mild disease, we show that inflammatory gene expression and eicosanoid profiles as well as altered responsiveness to inflammatory cues are maintained at 3-5 months post infection as well as throughout macrophage differentiation. (nature.com)
The innate immune response to organic barn dusts results in production of a number of pro-inflammatory factors in the lungs of barn workers such as cytokines, chemokines, and an influx of neutrophils. (cdc.gov)
Many of these inflammatory factors are influenced by the chemokine CXCL8/IL-8 (KC or MIP-2 in mice). (cdc.gov)
Previously, we have demonstrated that an endotoxin-independent component of swine barn dust extract (SBE) elevates lung chemokines in a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent manner resulting in the significant formation of lung inflammatory cell infiltrates in a mouse model of SBE injury. (cdc.gov)
After observing each gene's function, the researchers found that the gene, Uty, stops an inflammatory pathway in the lungs in male mice and thereby halts the development of the disease. (uclahealth.org)
Whole genome analysis of lung, sampled 24 hours after challenge, showed expression changes of not only genes belonging to several Gene Ontology groups with up-regulation of inflammatory-associated genes and those associated with lung remodeling but also genes involved in downsizing these processes. (cdc.gov)
Sepsis is defined as a host's response to been a candidate gene for investigation into blood culture bottles (Egyptian infection resulting from an imbalance in inflammatory disease, and studies Diagnostic Media) then incubated at between systemic pro-inflammatory focusing on elucidation of MIF gene 37 °C for 7-14 days. (who.int)

We describe the role of allelic polymorphism in the gene coding for the CCR5 chemokine receptor with regard to susceptibility to and disease course of HIV infection. (cdc.gov)
Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) has gained attention as therapeutic target in various malignancies. (cancerindex.org)
SUMMARY A direct correlation between HIV infection and mutation in the chemokine receptor ( CCR5 ) gene has been established. (who.int)
The CCR5 gene is located rently living with HIV/AIDS [ 1 ]. (who.int)
2002, while the estimated number could be deletion in the CCR5 gene [ 5,6 ]. (who.int)
HIV-1 is influenced by a mutation in the 1 infection with a typical delay of 2-4 years chemokine receptor ( CCR5 ) gene [ 3,4 ]. (who.int)

Liu C, Pan Y, Li Q, Zhang Y. Bioinformatics analysis identified shared differentially expressed genes as potential biomarkers for Hashimoto's thyroiditis-related papillary thyroid cancer. (medsci.org)
Bioinformatics approaches can identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and analyze DEG functions in diseases. (medsci.org)

Homo sapiens chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), mRNA. (lu.se)

This antimicrobial gene encodes a chemokine of the CXC subfamily and ligand for the receptor CXCR3. (cancerindex.org)
In addition, Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV8) encodes two viral chemokines vCCL2/vMIP-II and vCCL3/vMIP-III that function as an antagonist and a highly selective agonist, respectively, for XCR1. (rndsystems.com)

Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles of this gene. (jax.org)
Loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding TET DNA dioxygenase occur frequently in hematopoietic malignancy, but rarely in solid tumors, which instead commonly have reduced activity. (jci.org)
[ 6 ] Ibrutinib has demonstrated efficacy as monotherapy for rituximab-resistant cases, especially those with mutations in the MYD88 gene. (medscape.com)

Chemokine receptor 6 also known as CCR6 is a CC chemokine receptor protein which in humans is encoded by the CCR6 gene. (wikipedia.org)
This unit examines concepts such as the Mitochondrial Eve, Africa as the point of origin of our species, the human replacement of all other hominids, and the significant impact these vents have had on the genes of modern humans. (learner.org)
This animation illustrates the experiments that Ajit Varki, Wolf Enard, and Svente Paabo carried out to compare the gene expression between chimpanzees, humans, and an outgroup, the Rhesus monkey. (learner.org)
While gene expression was similar between humans and chimps in the liver and blood, they showed very different patterns of gene expression in the brain. (learner.org)

Crews hypothesized that the innate immune gene induction was not due to the brain damage, but rather, it was the cause of the binge drinking-induced brain damage. (unc.edu)
The results suggest a crucial role of NF-kB in alcohol-induced brain damage and support the hypothesis that innate immune gene induction contributes to alcohol-induced frontal cortical damage that could underlie the loss of behavioral control associated with alcohol addiction (Fig. 2). (unc.edu)
Figure 1: Mechanisms of Alcohol Induction of Brain Innate Immune Genes. (unc.edu)
He developed the concept that luminal factors regulate genes in the epithelium that signal to the mucosal immune system. (qmul.ac.uk)

In particular, SARS-CoV did not activate significant transcription of the interferons IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2/3, as well as of the interferon-induced antiviral genes ISG56 and MxA, the chemokine RANTES and the interleukine IL-6. (biomedcentral.com)

C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXC-R4) (CXCR-4) (Stromal cell- derived factor 1 receptor) (SDF-1 receptor) (Fusin) (Leukocyte-derived seven transmembrane domain receptor) (LESTR) (LCR1) (FB22) (NPYRL) (HM89) (CD184 antigen). (lu.se)

We report the in vivo pharmacokinetics of a broad-spectrum vaccinia virus CC chemokine binding protein (35 K) fused to human IgG1 Fc. (ox.ac.uk)

Article: Y-Chromosome Gene, Uty, Protects Against Pulmonary Hypertension by Reducing Proinflammatory Chemokines. (uclahealth.org)

To further validate the results pathway study was performed to identify the involvement of the coding genes in type II diabetes. (researchgate.net)
Here we show that TET2 mediates the IFN-γ/JAK/STAT signaling pathway to control chemokine and PD-L1 expression, lymphocyte infiltration, and cancer immunity. (jci.org)

The chemokines are a large group of cytokines that are recognized to be important mediators of inflammation. (duke.edu)
CC-chemokines are important mediators in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. (ox.ac.uk)

We demonstrate that the in vivo efficacy of the protein can be interrogated using hydrodynamic gene delivery of a standard mammalian expression plasmid. (ox.ac.uk)
However, the scarce information available for in vivo chemokine gradients suggests that the situation is often more complex and that chemokines are unlikely to distribute by free diffusion only. (nature.com)

Induction of chemokine transcripts in HMC-1 requires de novo protein synthesis. (duke.edu)

We investigated the extent to which fibroblasts isolated from diverse tissues differ in their capacity to modulate inflammation by comparing the global gene expression profiles of cultured human fibroblasts from skin, acute and chronically inflamed synovium, lymph node and tonsil. (birmingham.ac.uk)
We also identified other genes, including IDO1 and BAMBI, that may influence the RPE and therefore outer blood-retinal barrier integrity during ocular infection and inflammation, or are associated with degeneration, as seen for example in aging. (molvis.org)

1 Department of Molecular Microbiology & Gene Therapy, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany and Department of Biochemistry III, Institute for Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. (nih.gov)

CpG dinucleotides are known to play a crucial role in regulatory domains, affecting gene expression in their natural context. (nih.gov)
A gene regulatory network has been formed with the top ranked coding genes to identify their role in causing diabetes. (researchgate.net)
In the current report, a systematic approach is implemented to catalogue regulatory elements within HERVs, as a roadmap to potential functions of HERV sequences in gene networks. (mdpi.com)
100.000 cCREs in total), dispersed within the genome and present in cis-regulatory regions of ~81% of human genes, as calculated following gene enrichment analysis. (mdpi.com)

Lentiviral gene transfer to reduce atherosclerosis progression by long-term CC-chemokine inhibition. (ox.ac.uk)
Atherosclerosis progression is reduced by high-level, short-term inhibition of CC-chemokine activity, for example by adenoviral gene transfer. (ox.ac.uk)
To investigate the effects of prolonged broad-spectrum chemokine inhibition on atherosclerosis, lenti35K, or lentiGFP or PBS were delivered to 6-week-old ApoE knockout (ApoE-KO) mice by hydrodynamic injection. (ox.ac.uk)
Lentiviral 35K gene transfer is a promising experimental strategy to reduce atherosclerosis progression, and demonstrates the potential of long-term CC-chemokine inhibition as a potential therapeutic target in atherosclerosis. (ox.ac.uk)
Earlier HIV infec- receptor gene polymorphism in HIV infection, tion diagnosis, inhibition of ongoing HIV replica- only genes of the HLA system were thought to tion with antiretroviral therapy (in industrialized protect against HIV infection. (cdc.gov)

A possible genetic component to disease progression was suggested by familial aggregation of cases and the association of markers of innate and adaptive immunity genes with CCC development. (hal.science)

The mRNA for this gene contains multiple polyadenylation sites, and is alternatively translated from non-AUG (CUG) and AUG initiation codons, resulting in five different isoforms with distinct properties. (nih.gov)

Scholars@Duke publication: Expression of multiple chemokine genes by a human mast cell leukemia. (duke.edu)
To identify key genes differentially expressed in the human retinal pigment epithelium (hRPE) following low-level West Nile virus (WNV) infection. (molvis.org)
The role of genes ceptibility to HIV infection and the course of HIV of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system in disease. (cdc.gov)
Explore the normal functions of human genes and the health implications of genetic changes. (medlineplus.gov)
The gene encoding this protein is localized on human chromosome 3p21.31. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Studies of the effect of host genes on sus- million people, including 300,000 children under ceptibility to HIV infection were facilitated by the 5 years of age. (cdc.gov)
Associations of natural variation in the cd163 and other candidate genes on host response of nursery pigs to PRRSV infection. (usda.gov)

Homo sapiens chemokine receptor (CXCR-4) gene, complete cds. (lu.se)

Peak monocyte recruitment to the aorta occurs within 3 days and this process is CC chemokine dependent, being significantly reduced by hydrodynamic delivery of 35 K-Fc. (ox.ac.uk)

Blockade of CC chemokines is an attractive yet under utilized therapeutic strategy. (ox.ac.uk)

Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)

Sustained lentiviral transduction and transgene expression were demonstrated by 35K mRNA and viral DNA in liver tissue, and recombinant 35K protein circulating in the plasma, 3 months after gene transfer. (ox.ac.uk)

Anatomy50

Organisms10

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs120

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes46

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Receptors8

Cytokines and chemokines3

Motif chemokine2

Cytokine4

Proteins1

CCL22

Single Nucleotide P1

Pathways6

Macrophages1

Cells29

Lymphocytes2

CXCL101

Inflammatory8

CCR56

Differentially expressed genes2

CXCR41

Encodes2

Mutations3

Humans4

Immune4

RANTES1

Receptor type1

Vaccinia virus1

Proinflammatory1

Pathway2

Mediators2

Vivo2

Induction1

Inflammation2

Genetics1

Regulatory4

Inhibition5

Adaptive immunity1

Distinct1

Human5

Infection2

Homo1

Monocyte1

Therapeutic1

Affecting gene expression1

MRNA1