CXCL1ReceptorCCL2MotifCytokines and chemokinesReceptorsCCL5CXCL3NeutrophilMacrophagesChemoattractantInflammationHematopoietic stemConstitutively expressedMacrophageMonocytesRecombinantENDOTHELIAL CELLSCysteinesCellsBASOPHILSBindGeneGenesMobilizationTissueRecruitmentRatsImmune responseExpressionFamily
CXCL18
- CXCL2 is 90% identical in amino acid sequence as a related chemokine, CXCL1. (wikipedia.org)
- A study was published in 2013 testing the role of CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL1 in the migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) migration which plays a significant role in asthma. (wikipedia.org)
- Organic dust extracts obtained from swine confinement facilities induced neutrophil chemokine production (human IL-8, murine CXCL1/CXCL2). (cdc.gov)
- Intranasal inhalation of organic dust extract induced neutrophil influx, and CXCL1/CXCL2 release was also decreased in mice fed a relatively high vitamin D diet as compared to mice fed a low vitamin D diet. (cdc.gov)
- This receptor also binds to chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1/MGSA), a protein with melanoma growth stimulating activity, and has been shown to be a major component required for serum-dependent melanoma cell growth. (cancerindex.org)
- CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL3, also known respectively as GRO alpha, GRO beta (MIP-2 alpha ) and GRO gamma (MIP-2 beta ), are members of the CXC subfamily of chemokines. (rndsystems.com)
- We observed that spike (S) protein potently induces inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including IL-6, IL-1ß, TNFa, CXCL1, CXCL2, and CCL2, but not IFNs in human and mouse macrophages. (biorxiv.org)
- infection are still not well defined and may involve several chemokines and cytokines such as MIP-2(CXCL2), keratinocyte-derived chemokine (CXCL1), and IL-17 [20]. (2011globalhealth.org)
Receptor4
- CXCL2 mobilizes cells by interacting with a cell surface chemokine receptor called CXCR2. (wikipedia.org)
- Use this table to quickly identify the chemokines that bind to each receptor. (biolegend.com)
- C-X-C chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) is a chemotactic receptor that is critical in neutrophil mobilization from bone marrow to blood and tissue sites. (frontiersin.org)
- We selected most pathways CCL3L3 participated on our site, such as Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Chemokine signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, which may be useful for your reference. (creativebiomart.net)
CCL22
- These changes of the intratumoral myeloid composition coincided with macrophage recruitment by chemokines, including CCL2 and CCL5, and were completely dependent on a vaccine-induced influx of tumor-specific CD8 T cells. (aacrjournals.org)
- CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL2 and several other CCL2-related chemokines. (lookformedical.com)
Motif2
- Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also called macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha (MIP2-alpha), Growth-regulated protein beta (Gro-beta) and Gro oncogene-2 (Gro-2). (wikipedia.org)
- Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif. (lookformedical.com)
Cytokines and chemokines5
- Once at the site of injury, immune cells can react by releasing additional cytokines and chemokines, bringing more cells into the fold. (biolegend.com)
- When stimulated with extracellular S protein, human lung epithelial cells A549 also produce inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. (biorxiv.org)
- At the same time, cancer cells shape the tumor microenvironment by secreting various cytokines and chemokines, providing the necessary environmental conditions for the reprogramming of neutrophils, which may explain the varied functions of neutrophils in cancer [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- These final results reflect the upstream sign cascades that could guide to secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. (ack1inhibitor.com)
- Cytokines and chemokines are central mediators during hostpathogen interactions, which include the clearance of invading microorganisms, as well as the initiation, development, and resolution of irritation in reaction to numerous microbes. (ack1inhibitor.com)
Receptors12
- Chemokines receptors are seven transmembrane spanning G protein-coupled receptors that allow cells to migrate towards increasing chemokine gradients. (biolegend.com)
- Specific chemokine receptors are often required to gain entry (or exit) from certain organs and tissues like the thymus and bone marrow. (biolegend.com)
- The chemokine signal is transduced by chemokine receptors (G-protein coupled receptors) expressed on the immune cells. (genome.jp)
- A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
- A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
- A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
- CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL27. (lookformedical.com)
- CCR receptors with specificity for a broad variety of CC CHEMOKINES. (lookformedical.com)
- Chemokine CCL8 has specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
- Chemokine receptors that are specific for CC CHEMOKINES. (lookformedical.com)
- A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
- CCR receptors with specificity for CHEMOKINE CCL19 and CHEMOKINE CCL21. (lookformedical.com)
CCL51
- Hippocampal neurons (2 DIV) control or treated with CXCL2, CCL5, CCL20, and CCL7 (1000 ng/ml) and immunostained for βIII-tubulin to reveal the axon morphology. (reprokine.com)
CXCL31
- The results of this study showed that CXCL2 and CXCL3 both help with the mediation of normal and asthmatic ASMC migration through different mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
Neutrophil4
- CXCL2, like related chemokines, is also a powerful neutrophil chemoattractant and is involved in many immune responses including wound healing, cancer metastasis, and angiogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
- Similar to other alpha chemokines, the three GRO proteins are potent neutrophil attractants and activators. (topsan.org)
- the first demonstration of the major role played by this chemokine in quick neutrophil mobilization after contamination. (2011globalhealth.org)
- The inhibition of neutrophil recruitment by anti-GCP-2 Ab4 reported here is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of the role played by this chemokine in the early neutrophil mobilization in this infection. (2011globalhealth.org)
Macrophages1
- This chemokine is secreted by monocytes and macrophages and is chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes and hematopoietic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Chemoattractant2
- Chemokines are small chemoattractant peptides that provide directional cues for the cell trafficking and thus are vital for protective host response. (genome.jp)
- A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. (lookformedical.com)
Inflammation1
- While some chemotaxis is induced by inflammation or damaged cells, other chemokines function in homeostasis. (biolegend.com)
Hematopoietic stem1
- CXCL2 in combination with the CXCR4 inhibitor plerixafor rapidly mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells into the peripheral blood. (wikipedia.org)
Constitutively expressed1
- Homeostatic chemokines are constitutively expressed in particular organs or tissues. (biolegend.com)
Macrophage1
- Incubation of tumor cells with T cell-derived IFNγ and TNFα recapitulated the chemokine profile observed in vivo , confirming the capacity of antitumor CD8 T cells to mediate macrophage infiltration of tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
Monocytes3
- A CC-type chemokine secreted by activated MONOCYTES and T-LYMPHOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
- Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils. (lookformedical.com)
- A CXC chemokine that is chemotactic for T-LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES. (lookformedical.com)
Recombinant4
- In direct ELISAs, 100% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) CXCL2 is observed and no cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) VIC, rmVIC, rhCCL3L1, rhCCL4L1, or recombinant canine IL-8 is observed. (rndsystems.com)
- Recombinant rat GRO-beta/CXCL2 was lyophilized from a.2μm filtered concentrated (1mg/ml) solution inPBS, pH.4. (reprokine.com)
- Recombinant chemokines increase axon morphogenesis. (reprokine.com)
- Recombinant GRO-beta/CXCL2 was lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered concentrated (1.0 mg/mL) solution in 20 mM Tris, pH 8.0. (topsan.org)
ENDOTHELIAL CELLS1
- Finally, we examine the effects of one of the differentially expressed chemokines on blood-brain barrier endothelial cells in vitro. (univie.ac.at)
Cysteines3
- Chemokines contain several (usually four) cysteines in conserved positions. (biolegend.com)
- These cysteines provide tertiary structure for the chemokine through disulfide bonds. (biolegend.com)
- The spacing between the first two cysteines determines the type of chemokine. (biolegend.com)
Cells8
- Chemokines are a class of cytokines that induce chemotaxis (migration) of target cells. (biolegend.com)
- Attracted cells move toward areas of higher concentrations of the chemokine. (biolegend.com)
- Due to their function of targeting cells to specific organs, homeostatic chemokines can also be involved in cancer and metastasis. (biolegend.com)
- Many inflammatory chemokines attract a wide variety of cells in both the innate and adaptive arms of immunity. (biolegend.com)
- Upon sensing the inflammatory chemokine, cells will extravasate from the blood vessel and follow the gradient to its source. (biolegend.com)
- In addition, chemokines regulate plethora of biological processes of hematopoietic cells to lead cellular activation, differentiation and survival. (genome.jp)
- Although hallmarks of a cytokine storm were evident in both groups, older individuals exhibited elevated levels of chemokines that mobilize inflammatory myeloid cells, notably in those who succumbed to disease. (medrxiv.org)
- Extract and methyl vanillate on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions and TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced chemokines production in HaCaT cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
BASOPHILS1
- In addition, these chemokines are also active toward basophils. (topsan.org)
Bind1
- Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
Gene1
- The gene for CXCL2 is located on human chromosome 4 in a cluster of other CXC chemokines. (wikipedia.org)
Genes2
- This chemokine is encoded by multiple genes. (lookformedical.com)
- Moreover, eleven genes concerned with the TLR signaling pathway, eleven with the RLR signaling pathway, 8 with the NLR signaling pathway, and 13 with the chemokine signaling pathway, were identified to be controlled (Table three). (ack1inhibitor.com)
Mobilization1
- Induction of nitric oxide and production of reactive oxygen species are as well regulated by chemokine signal via calcium mobilization and diacylglycerol production. (genome.jp)
Tissue1
- In the event of infection, injury, or tissue damage, inflammatory chemokines are often released to address the problem. (biolegend.com)
Recruitment1
- The present study investigated the effect of parenteral glutamine (Gln) supplementation on cellular adhesion molecule expression and release of chemokines responsible for inflammatory cell recruitment in rats undergoing a total gastrectomy. (tmu.edu.tw)
Rats2
- We will briefly characterize postnatal brain and spinal cord development and subsequently focus on the comparison of global chemokine expression patterns in different parts of the rats' central nervous system (cerebral cortex, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and spinal cord). (univie.ac.at)
- Additionally, we compare differences in chemokine expression patterns between wild-type Lewis rats that have an intact CNS, and transgenic Lewis rats that overexpress myelin proteolipid protein and that are characterized by myelin degeneration and myelin repair processes. (univie.ac.at)
Immune response1
- The acute peripheral immune response to surgery was assessed by cytokine/chemokine profiling and flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression3
- This phenomenon possibly occurs because of altered blood-brain barrier properties ("leaky" brain blood vessels) and different chemokine expression patterns in the immature brain. (univie.ac.at)
- Via pathway-focused microarrays we will examine the changes in the expression of chemokine transcripts over time, from postnatal day 0 to postnatal day 28. (univie.ac.at)
- Moreover, in vitro quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) results showed that the mRNA expression levels of CXCL2, LYZ, and PARVB were significantly higher in the DLBCL group. (biomedcentral.com)
Family1
- Growth regulated oncogene-gamma belongs to the family of chemotyctic cytokines called chemokines. (topsan.org)