• See information about our sustainable aviation fuels research . (nrel.gov)
  • Fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII) is an additive to aviation fuels that prevents the formation of ice in fuel lines. (wikipedia.org)
  • Researchers at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have demonstrated a novel integrated conversion process for algal biomass to produce fuel and chemical products of sufficient quality to be blend-ready feedstocks for further processing. (greencarcongress.com)
  • Though algae-based feedstocks offer a greater theoretical con- version yield in terms of gallons of gasoline equivalent per ton of biomass over terrestrial-based feedstocks, reducing the costs for algal feedstocks remains a challenge for renewable fuel production. (greencarcongress.com)
  • Conversion of algal biomass to succinic acid using a biological route is particularly advantageous from a sustainability viewpoint as renewable algae biomass has a higher productivity than terrestrial feedstocks and biological routes to succinic acid consume CO 2 rather than releasing it and reduce the need for conversion of dangerous chemicals such as benzene or butane. (greencarcongress.com)
  • Fuels, Chemicals and Materials from the Oceans and Aquatic Sources serves as a valuable reference for academic and industrial professionals working on the production of chemicals, materials and fuels from renewable feedstocks. (hive.co.uk)
  • Through fundamental kinetics, high-performance computing simulations, and high-fidelity combustion simulations, we provide the crucial connection between fuel properties and molecular structure so fuel producers can target design and production of fuels with the right chemistry for the intended application. (nrel.gov)
  • NREL's fuel chemistry and engine combustion research has shown that particle formation from biomass-derived oxygenates is not accurately predicted by PMI because some oxygenates have low energy barrier reaction pathways to soot formation. (nrel.gov)
  • A process for power generation using a chemical looping combustion concept is integrated with heavy liquid fuel coking in a cracking reactor, and is configured such that petcoke deposits on metal oxide particles from the cracking reactor are used as fuel in the chemical looping combustion reaction. (sumobrain.com)
  • Fuel cells are more energy efficient than combustion engines and the hydrogen used to power them can come from a variety of sources. (energy.gov)
  • A high temperature and no oxygen atmosphere fuel reforming has been proposed for the purpose of exergy saving by theoretical analyzing the detailed exergy loss events of combustion process, the correctness and feasibility of this fuel reforming have been verified through experiments. (sae.org)
  • In the quest for sustainable alternative energy and fuel sources, one viable solution may be the conversion of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into liquid fuels. (caltech.edu)
  • The ability to generate synthetic liquid fuels from stable, oxygenated carbon precursors such as CO 2 and carbon monoxide (CO) is reminiscent of photosynthesis in nature and is a transformation that is desirable in artificial systems. (caltech.edu)
  • For about a century, a chemical method known as the Fischer-Tropsch process has been utilized to convert hydrogen gas (H 2 ) and CO to liquid fuels. (caltech.edu)
  • More recently, alternative conversion chemistries for the generation of liquid fuels from oxygenated carbon precursors have been reported. (caltech.edu)
  • In order to characterize and explain the difference in exhaust emissions from fossil diesel, HVO and RME fuels, particulate matter (PM) emissions were sampled at two exhaust positions of an experimental single cylinder Scania D13 heavy-duty (HD) diesel engine: at the exhaust manifold, and after a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC). (lu.se)
  • While the generated ethynol derivative is not useful as a fuel, it represents a step toward being able to generate synthetic multicarbon fuels from carbon dioxide. (caltech.edu)
  • Hierarchical nanostructured erythrocyte -like hollow carbon ( EHC ) with a hollow hemispherical macroporous core of ca. 230 nm in diameter and 30-40 nm thick mesoporous shell was synthesized and explored as a cathode catalyst support in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell ( PEMFC ). (rsc.org)
  • Biomass is the only renewable source of organic carbon that can be used directly for fuel or converted to other carbon-based chemicals and fuels by downstream processing. (themarea.org)
  • His research at Villanova, in collaboration with Drs. Satrio and Smith, is focused on the thermal chemical conversion of biomass using catalytic pathways to enhance carbon yield and product selectivity. (themarea.org)
  • Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether 3 (PODE3) and diethoxymethane (DEM) are promising carbon-neutral fuels for CI engines and they are recommended by the virtual screening results. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Shandong Haike Chemical Co. Ltd, a Chinese refining and petrochemical company, has selected Axens' Vegan® technology to produce low carbon, cost competitive sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) by retrofitting its existing assets. (axens.net)
  • On June 17, 1994, five workers in the District of Columbia were treated in an emergency department for carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning following exposure to the exhaust from two gasoline-fueled power washers (i.e., pressure washers), which they had used in an empty underground parking garage. (cdc.gov)
  • More specifically, my research has focused on carbon pricing, climate mitigation targets and policy instruments, climate finance and fossil fuel subsidies. (lu.se)
  • Currently, I am inter alia undertaking research on international influences (e.g. the Sustainable Development Goals or learning from other countries) on domestic policy change, including carbon pricing policies and fossil fuel subsidy reform. (lu.se)
  • In the never ending search for sustainable chemicals and fuels, biomass offers some attractive properties along with a plethora of challenges for utilization as a chemical feedstock in a broad range of applications. (themarea.org)
  • Selected examples of biofuels and bio-based chemicals will be presented throughout to put the transformation towards a sustainable supply chain in perspective. (themarea.org)
  • At a time when sustainable renewable energy is proving to be cleaner, safer and better for people, it makes no sense to exploit dirty technologies like Underground Coal Gasification and Coal Chemicals that would make it vastly harder to avert runaway global warming. (org.in)
  • As a long-term goal, platinum metal group (PGM)-free catalysts are highly desirable for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and electrolyzer with significantly reduced cost in a sustainable manner. (buffalo.edu)
  • Governments must seize the opportunity to direct their economies and energy systems away from fossil fuels, and build back better towards a more just, sustainable, and resilient future. (sonnenseite.com)
  • Alas, in 2020 we saw many governments doubling down on fossil fuels and entrenching these vulnerabilities even more," said Ivetta Gerasimchuk, a lead author of the report and the lead for sustainable energy supplies at IISD. (sonnenseite.com)
  • He added that it could be a key enabler to make "electrobiosynthesis" possible, the idea of using electricity to directly power the synthesis of useful chemicals by cells. (singularityhub.com)
  • Enzymes are the workhorses for biological synthesis of fuels and chemicals from renewable biomass. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • One of the major scientific changes in CABBI's Conversion research, or bioenergy research in general, is the lack of known enzymes with the desired activity and substrate specificity for the synthesis of target fuels and chemicals. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • Isobutyl nitrite is an intermediate in the synthesis of solvents and fuels, and is used as a recreational drug. (who.int)
  • The findings, published as an advanced online publication for the journal Nature on December 21, 2015 (and appearing in print on January 7, 2016), provide a foundation for the development of technologies that may one day help neutralize the negative effects of atmospheric accumulation of the greenhouse gas CO 2 by converting it back into fuel. (caltech.edu)
  • How does Germany perform in the Fossil Fuel industry? (nationmaster.com)
  • Countries plan to increase their fossil fuel production over the next decade, even as research shows that the world needs to decrease production by 6% per year to limit global warming to 1.5°C, according to the 2020 Production Gap Report. (sonnenseite.com)
  • To follow a 1.5°C-consistent pathway, the world will need to decrease fossil fuel production by roughly 6% per year between 2020 and 2030. (sonnenseite.com)
  • But pre-COVID plans and post-COVID stimulus measures point to a continuation of the growing global fossil fuel production gap, risking severe climate disruption. (sonnenseite.com)
  • To date, G20 governments have committed over $230 billion in COVID-19 measures to sectors responsible for fossil fuel production and consumption, far more than to clean energy (roughly $150 billion). (sonnenseite.com)
  • The pandemic-driven demand shock and the plunge of oil prices this year has once again demonstrated the vulnerability of many fossil-fuel-dependent regions and communities. (sonnenseite.com)
  • The report also delves into how the world can equitably transition away from fossil fuels, with the most rapid wind-down needed from countries that have higher financial and institutional capacity and are less dependent on fossil fuel production. (sonnenseite.com)
  • By exposing those links - that plastics are fossil fuels in another form - CIEL has helped to connect, equip, and mobilize the fossil fuel and plastic movements to confront the rising threat of new plastic production for communities in the United States and around the world. (cielannualreport.org)
  • The convergence of these movements is bringing greater attention and resources to frontline communities organizing to stop the plastics crisis and helping climate advocates prevent plastics from further entrenching our dependence on the fossil fuel economy. (cielannualreport.org)
  • Just like plastics, agricultural chemicals are fossil fuels in another form, and the fossil fuel and agrochemical industries are actively exploiting that fact to lock in new and dangerous fossil infrastructure. (cielannualreport.org)
  • This work presents a vital new angle to leverage as we work to protect people and the planet from the human and environmental impacts of the fossil fuel economy. (cielannualreport.org)
  • Ensyn has an established business supplying renewable heating & cooling fuels to commercial and industrial clients. (ensyn.com)
  • Ensyn and its partners have been producing renewable chemicals using Ensyn's RTP process for over 25 years. (ensyn.com)
  • At the core of each of these applications is the same platform RTP technology that has been in use for the last two decades and which Ensyn is now deploying in the build out of production capacity for the fuels business. (ensyn.com)
  • In the fuels application, Ensyn converts solid biomass (typically wood residues) in its RTP process to high yields of a biocrude. (ensyn.com)
  • Ensyn is now ramping up its production capacity for a broader commercialization of heating fuels and to meet demand from refineries for biocrude as a renewable feedstock. (ensyn.com)
  • Fuels, Chemicals and Materials from the Oceans and Aquatic Sources provides a holistic view of fuels, chemicals and materials from renewable sources in the oceans and other aquatic media. (hive.co.uk)
  • We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 6107 aerospace workers to examine whether exposure to chemicals-primarily hydrazine fuels-during rocket-engine fueling and testing affects cancer mortality. (cdc.gov)
  • The intersection of plastics, agrochemicals, and the fossil fuels used to make them forms a toxic triad that represents a new frontier in our efforts to uproot the fossil economy. (cielannualreport.org)
  • CIEL is working to expose the intersection of fossil fuels, plastics, and toxic chemicals, and their dangerous consequences for human health and the environment. (cielannualreport.org)
  • Between 1953 and 1987 at that Marine base, the drinking water was contaminated with TCE, perchloroethylene, and other toxic chemicals. (medscape.com)
  • Succinic acid, produced via fermentation of storage carbohydrates present in algal biomass, can serve as a higher-value chemical and as a feedstock for other chemicals such as maleic anhydride, 1,4-butanediol, tetrahydrofuran, and poly-butyl succinate. (greencarcongress.com)
  • This study investigated the characteristics of date palm fronds (DPF) for their use as a feedstock for fuel and energy production. (ajol.info)
  • The advent of leaded, or ethyl, gasoline led to the manufacture of high-octane fuels and became universally employed throughout the world after World War II. (britannica.com)
  • At approximately 12:30 a.m., the workers started two power washers equipped with 8-horsepower, gasoline-fueled engines. (cdc.gov)
  • Dr. Charles Coe, Research Associate Professor in Chemical Engineering, comes to Villanova with more than 30 years of experience in the development of catalysts and adsorbents. (themarea.org)
  • To overcome current technical barriers including insufficient activity and stability, and high transport resistances in electrodes, U.S. DOE EERE Fuel Cell Technologies Office recently invested significant effort to promote the viability of PGM-free catalysts and ultimately meet the challenging performance targets for transportation and other applications. (buffalo.edu)
  • Wu, G., Current Challenge and Perspective of PGM-Free Cathode Catalysts for PEM Fuel Cells. (buffalo.edu)
  • Catalysts are substances used to speed up chemical reactions. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • They are relatively inexpensive, consume low levels of energy, and do minimal damage to the environment - as opposed to chemical catalysts, which typically require organic solvents, heat, and high pressure to function. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • Now, researchers have found a way to generate ATP directly from electricity, which could turbocharge biotechnology processes that grow everything from food to fuel to pharmaceuticals. (singularityhub.com)
  • After setting the proper context for the utilization of biomass and some relevant energy science, the conversion of biomass by chemical, thermochemical, biochemical, and combined hybrid processes will be introduced. (themarea.org)
  • Vegan® technology is a second-generation hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) solution which processes up to 100% of any kind of lipid, including wastes from agriculture and food industry to produce renewable fuels that are able to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% compared with a conventional jet fuel production scheme. (axens.net)
  • The group employs laser and magnetic resonance spectroscopy to characterize plant biomass, biomass conversion processes for renewable fuels, processes for recycling and upcycling of plastic wastes, and bioderived materials, including 3D-printed polymers and composites. (ornl.gov)
  • A way to reduce harmful exhaust and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and secure the sources of energy is to develop technology for an efficient diesel engine operation independent of fossil fuels. (lu.se)
  • There is a lack of data on how renewable fuels change the semi-volatile organic fraction of exhaust emissions. (lu.se)
  • Diesel fuel and exhaust emissions. (who.int)
  • Read more articles tagged with: fossil fuels , fracking , climate change . (sacsis.org.za)
  • Fuelling the Fire: The chequered history of Underground Coal Gasification and Coal Chemicals around the world is a new report that sets out the dangers that Underground Coal Gasification and Coal Chemical poses in terms of climate change, local environmental impacts and public health. (org.in)
  • The research is abundantly clear that we face severe climate disruption if countries continue to produce fossil fuels at current levels, let alone at their planned increases," said Michael Lazarus, a lead author on the report and the director of SEI's US Center. (sonnenseite.com)
  • Its principal focus areas were safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, air pollution and clean energy, chemicals and wastes, climate change, vector control and health in the workplace. (who.int)
  • Converting sunlight into fuels is attractive for energy storage and photoelectrocatalytic technologies. (nature.com)
  • Ensyn's first commercial deployment of RTP was in the food chemicals business (1989), converting wood residues to liquids for the production of food products and heating fuels. (ensyn.com)
  • The mixture of FSII must be between 0.10% and 0.15% by volume for the additive to work correctly, and the FSII must be distributed evenly throughout the fuel. (wikipedia.org)
  • NREL strives to more deeply understand how fuel properties impact engine operation efficiency and emissions. (nrel.gov)
  • However, RME both reduced the OA emissions and changed the composition with evidence for fuel signatures in the mass spectra. (lu.se)
  • When the emissions were aged in an oxidation flow reactor to simulate secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in the atmosphere, it was found that OA concentration strongly increased for all fuels. (lu.se)
  • Our standard single skin chemical tank range is ideal when there is no requirement for a safety bund, offering exceptional value and versatility (for storage of chemicals, diesel fuel and AdBlue). (watertankfactory.com.au)
  • Extrac-tion of butanol by fatty acid methylester stimulated fermentation rates by release of end product inhibition (4) and the extract was similar to diesel fuel. (banksolar.ru)
  • Importantly, in that study, they showed that there was a lag time of 10-40 years between exposure to that chemical and the diagnosis of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • This talk will provide an overview of multiple conversion pathways that are being explored to convert biomass to chemicals and fuels. (themarea.org)
  • This enzyme is able to take the electrons from an electrode and bind up their energy in an aldehyde bond that is added to a precursor chemical called propionate. (singularityhub.com)
  • CO 2 is thus both the precursor to the fossil fuels that are central to modern life as well as the by-product of burning those fuels. (caltech.edu)
  • Seven Chemical and Biological Engineering faculty members have secured $24 million in funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) over the last seven years. (buffalo.edu)
  • UB Chemical and Biological Engineering Professor Blaine Pfeifer was awarded $2.5M from the National Institutes of Health to design pneumonia vaccines tailored for older patients. (buffalo.edu)
  • The Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University at Buffalo congratulates Professor Haiqing Lin , who received the SUNY award for Excellence in Scholarship and Creative Activities. (buffalo.edu)
  • For example, the diverse stereochemistry of organic molecules (the spatial arrangement of atoms and its effect on chemical reactions) not only significantly enhances the richness of the biological world, but also plays a profound role in many biological activities such as molecular communication, he said. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • The biological degradation of spilled jet fuels: A literature review. (cdc.gov)
  • Environmental fate and biological consequences of chemicals related to Air Force activities. (cdc.gov)
  • Chemical, thermal, and biological ocular exposures. (medscape.com)
  • FSII was thought to retard the growth of microorganisms eventually present in the fuel, mostly Cladosporium resinae fungi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, known as "hydrocarbon utilizing microorganisms" or "HUM bugs", which live in the water-fuel interface of the water droplets, form dark, gel-like mats, and cause microbial corrosion to plastic and rubber parts. (wikipedia.org)
  • Atmospheric chemistry of hydrocarbon fuels. (cdc.gov)
  • Hydrocarbon fuel chemistry: Sediment water interaction. (cdc.gov)
  • Our experiments showed that delignified palm fiber can be digested to form glucose and xylose by commercial cellulases such as Meicellase and Onozuka and the hydrolysate can be subjected to fermentation to produce biofuel and chemicals (1). (banksolar.ru)
  • Genetically engineered microbes are already being used to produce various high-value chemicals and therapeutically useful proteins, and there are hopes they could soon help generate greener jet fuel , break down plastic waste, and even grow new foods in giant bioreactors . (singularityhub.com)
  • In a previous study, Zhao and Huang developed a visible light-induced reaction using an enzyme named ene-reductase (ER) as a biocatalyst to produce high yields of valuable chiral carbonyl compounds, which have potential applications for production of high value chemicals. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • This text version of the fuel cell animation demonstrates how a fuel cell uses hydrogen to produce electricity, with only water and heat as byproducts. (energy.gov)
  • It finds that the "production gap" remains large: countries plan to produce more than double the amount of fossil fuels in 2030 than would be consistent with a 1.5°C temperature limit. (sonnenseite.com)
  • A team of researchers has developed a simple yet powerful strategy for creating new enzymes with novel reactivity that can produce valuable chemical compounds, building on their previous work using light to repurpose naturally occurring enzymes. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • The new study builds on that work, using photobiocatalysis on a different enzyme family - nicotamide-dependent ketoreductases produced by bacteria - and a different chemical mechanism to produce another type of chiral carbonyl compounds known as α-chiral esters. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • These disciplines are integrated to drive advances in the fundamental understanding of plant cell wall polysaccharides and lignin and in technology development to produce greener chemicals and materials. (ornl.gov)
  • Residual particles (especially of magnesium) may also produce chemical injury to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. (medscape.com)
  • This is then cascaded through three more enzymes that act on the chemical and ultimately use the energy stored in it to convert ADP to ATP. (singularityhub.com)
  • Their ignition delay time, laminar flame speed and dominant reactions of PODE3 and DEM are examined by chemical kinetics and a new DEM mechanism including both low and high-temperature reactions is constructed. (bham.ac.uk)
  • While most of our gadgets run on electrons, nature relies on the energy released when the chemical bonds of ATP are broken. (singularityhub.com)
  • ATP is like a charged battery, storing energy in its chemical bonds. (singularityhub.com)
  • If a cell needs to spend that energy, it breaks off one of the molecule's three phosphate groups and the energy bound up in that chemical bond can then power some cellular process. (singularityhub.com)
  • Stationary fuel cell units can be used for backup power, power for remote locations, stand-alone power plants for towns and cities, distributed generation for buildings, and co-generation (in which excess thermal energy from electricity generation is used for heat). (energy.gov)
  • The study, published in Nature Catalysis, was led by Xiaoqiang Huang, a former postdoctoral researcher in the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign's Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (ChBE) and the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI), a U.S. Department of Energy-funded Bioenergy Research Center. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • Your body can use this fuel right away, or it can store the energy in your body tissues, such as your liver, muscles, and body fat. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The amount of power produced by a fuel cell depends on several factors, including fuel cell type, cell size, temperature at which it operates, and pressure at which the gases are supplied to the cell. (energy.gov)
  • As aircraft climbs after takeoff, the temperature drops, and any dissolved water will separate out from the fuel. (wikipedia.org)
  • Large aircraft do not require FSII as they are usually equipped with electric fuel line heaters or fuel/oil intercoolers that keep the fuel at an appropriate temperature to prevent icing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because the burning temperature of these chemicals is so high, standard hazardous-materials clothing (even level A self-contained and chemical-proof clothing) is not protective. (medscape.com)
  • Since 2014, Germany Chemical and Petrochemical Sector Final Consumption of Solid Fossil Fuels fell by 4.8% year on year. (nationmaster.com)
  • At 784.42 Thousand Metric Tons in 2019, the country was ranked number 3 among other countries in Chemical and Petrochemical Sector Final Consumption of Solid Fossil Fuels. (nationmaster.com)
  • How does Germany rank in Chemical and Petrochemical Sector Final Consumption of Solid Fossil Fuels? (nationmaster.com)
  • In the study, visible light was used to excite an engineered ketoreductase enzyme, enabling a new-to-nature biocatalytic reaction known as an asymmetric radical conjugate addition, which is extremely difficult to achieve by chemical catalysis. (newenergyandfuel.com)
  • Fuel Genome Project aims at addressing the forward problem of fuel property prediction and the inverse problems of molecule design, retrosynthesis and reaction condition prediction. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Haike Chemicals aims to have their first SAF-only unit on stream with high yield on-spec production within 12 months before rolling out the process to other units to become a competitive world-leading supplier of high-quality SAF. (axens.net)
  • Joining AIChE gives you access to an amazing network of top professionals in chemical engineering and related fields. (aiche.org)
  • This work primarily addresses the forward problem by integrating feature engineering theory, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, gas-phase chemical kinetics. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Ashlee Ford Versypt was named a 2021 Influential Researcher according to Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, an American Chemical Society publication. (buffalo.edu)
  • His professional expertise and experience combine to make this handbook an indispensable reference tool for scientists and engineers working in numerous fields ranging from chemical to nuclear engineering. (lu.se)
  • Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, derived compounds. (lu.se)
  • Researchers also characterize a wide range of other chemicals and materials, including nuclear materials, and employ laser spectroscopy to detect rare earths. (ornl.gov)
  • Fortum Waste Solutions, Sysav, Eon, Stena and NOAH, in collaboration with Researchers from RISE and Chalmers, used beamline Balder to identify chemical species of copper and zinc in ashes that remain after burning solid waste. (lu.se)
  • FSII is an agent that is mixed with jet fuel as it is pumped into the aircraft. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, if the fuel heaters are inoperable, the aircraft may be still be declared fit to fly, if FSII is added to the fuel. (wikipedia.org)
  • Jet fuels are blends of other chemicals made according to U.S. Air Force standards for use as aircraft fuels. (cdc.gov)
  • A metabolic disorder occurs when abnormal chemical reactions in your body disrupt this process. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These down-stream chemical products can supply multiple markets and thus disperse the potentially large succinic acid supply when commercial scale algal biofuels come online. (greencarcongress.com)
  • This study evaluates an integrated process for the production of platform chemicals and diesel miscible biofuels. (aston.ac.uk)
  • In this study, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques have been evaluated for fabrication of free-standing 0.25 mm thick molybdenum tubes with the end goal of nuclear fuel cladding applications. (osti.gov)
  • These results contribute to a better more biomass-derived carbohydrates are also used for produc- understanding of the aromatic metabolism of P. putida in tion of chemicals, a further valorization of lignin is an essential terms of growth and uptake rates, which will be helpful for component. (lu.se)
  • The chemical composition of the carbohydrate component of delignified palm fiber is 56.4% glucose, 36.0% xylose, 5.9% arabinose, and 1.7% mannose (1). (banksolar.ru)
  • On-line aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS) suggests that the chemical composition of the organic aerosols (OAs) was similar for HVO and diesel. (lu.se)