Sewage Sludge BasedPhosphorusActivated sludge processStabilize sludgeAmount of sludgeCharacteristicsWastewater treatment plantsCharacterizationAdditivesAdded to wastewaterExtracellular polymericNitrogenReuseTanneryWastesBiocharGranularIndustriallyProcessesFecalChlorineMechanicalFertilizerTreatmentUtilizationDisposalSedimentationMicroorganismsTreatmentsMicrobialCompoundsAsphaltIncreasinglyFeedstockSlagContaminantsCarbonProcessBiomassFungiOrganicsPlantsOrganicMineralGeneratesMillion tonsWaterNutrientContaminantMixtureMorphologyPreparationPowderMoistureGrowthAnaerobicGreatlyApplicationEffectsAshesTemperatureWasteSubstanceAssessment
Sewage Sludge Based1
- The optimal timing of sewage sludge-based fertilizers is the fall under the main treatment, as well as the summer for the treatment of fallow and early-release crop rotation fields. (universityagro.ru)
Phosphorus5
- Aerobic granular reactors (AGR) or Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) are a community of microbial organisms, typically around 0.5-3mm in diameter, that remove carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in a single sludge system. (wikipedia.org)
- Carbon source is of vital importance to biological phosphorus removal due to the availability of volatile fatty acids, which ultimately shape the compositions of phosphorus accumulating organisms. (wikipedia.org)
- This study suggested that mixed carbon source by sodium acetate and glucose might act as a strategy to adjust the microbial community compositions within the simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal system. (wikipedia.org)
- Recently, due to the abundance of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in municipal sewage sludge (MSS), the energy potential of MSS has become increasingly prominent. (mdpi.com)
- The chemical composition of sewage sludge includes nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium, poor in potassium. (universityagro.ru)
Activated sludge process2
- Although ASP (activated sludge process) is the most common, and primordial process used to treat wastewater, nevertheless generates ESP (Excess Sludge Produced) is the major disadvantage of this process. (researchsquare.com)
- Membrane processes other than MF and UF commonly used in MBRs and posttreatment after conventional activated sludge process, NF, and RO may have more biofouling (Jiang, 2007). (aladyr.net)
Stabilize sludge2
- Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a potential treatment to stabilize sludge and produce biogas for renewable energy. (cyberleninka.org)
- Sodium polyacrylate is one such additive known for its ability to bind and stabilize sludge particles. (aquasorbchina.com)
Amount of sludge1
- Copper, complexed with sludge due to a favourable pH, had no effect on community and litter parameters when added to low amount of sludge. (orgprints.org)
Characteristics7
- Effects of faecal sludge application on growth characteristics and chemical composition of Echinochloa pyramidalis (Lam. (ethz.ch)
- the characteristics of collected fecal sludges vary greatly and depends on, among others, the season, type of on-site sanitation system (e.g., water closet/septic tank system, dry aqua privy, watertight vented pit latrines), emptying frequency (i.e., is the retention time in the facility), the extent of stormwater or groundwater infiltration into the sanitation facility and on user habits. (iwaponline.com)
- The rations' chemical characteristics were calculated from the chemical composition of the raw materials and the chemical composition of the palm oil sludge. (poultryfeedformulation.com)
- It is important to understand the characteristics of the sludge before selecting the appropriate sodium polyacrylate dosage. (aquasorbchina.com)
- Step 2: Additive Selection - Choose a suitable grade of sodium polyacrylate based on the desired solidification objectives and sludge characteristics. (aquasorbchina.com)
- By understanding the sludge characteristics, selecting an appropriate grade of sodium polyacrylate, and determining the correct dosage, effective solidification can be achieved. (aquasorbchina.com)
- The sticky characteristics of partially dewatered sludge are in essence caused by the presence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) excreted by the microorganisms. (chemengonline.com)
Wastewater treatment plants5
- Several routes for sludge management exist and are applied successfully for the large wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). (europa.eu)
- Since biological sludge is removed from wastewater treatment plants in a very dilute form containing only 1-2% DS, dewatering and drying operations constitute essential unit operations at wastewater treatment plants to reduce the sludge volume (and cost) for further downstream handling [ 5 ]. (chemengonline.com)
- ABSTRACT To isolate keratinophilic fungi in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Sari city, Mazandaran province, Islamic Republic of Iran, samples were taken from 7 plants with different sewage treatment technologies. (who.int)
- Table 1 shows the prevalence of isolated fungi in sewage sludge from a number of fungi in sewage sludge samples from the different wastewater treatment plants in a 7 different wastewater treatment plants city in Mazandaran province. (who.int)
- A total of 35 sludge samples were taken each from locations B and D (Sari dairy and from 7 wastewater treatment plants with Pahnehkola village plants) were negative different sewage treatment technologies for fungal growth. (who.int)
Additives3
- The process typically includes mixing additives with the sludge to enhance solidification and immobilization. (aquasorbchina.com)
- When the oil breaks down, its chemical composition and additives transform creating solids that often build up. (automotivist.com)
- In this thesis, production of ceramic tiles by using marine sludge additives was investigated. (iyte.edu.tr)
Added to wastewater2
- PACls are widely known as chemicals added to wastewater to remove colloidal material from wastewater in flotation-unit operations. (chemengonline.com)
- Activated sludge is added to wastewater and the mixture (mixed liquor) is aerated and agitated. (aladyr.net)
Extracellular polymeric1
- This is the most important part because the biomass is in the form of the flocculent sludge, which consists of extracellular polymeric substances. (wikipedia.org)
Nitrogen1
- Lipid accumulation, biomass and lipid productivity and changes in fatty acid composition of Nannochloropsis oculata were investigated under nitrogen (N) limitation (nitrate:phosphate N:P 5, N:P 2.5 molar ratio). (embrapa.br)
Reuse3
- There is a high level of public mistrust of sewage sludge and its reuse, which widespread fears about adverse effects on the environment and human health. (europa.eu)
- The European legislation defines the necessary treatments of the sludge and regulating its reuse to prevent harmful effects. (europa.eu)
- In this study, the energy recovery potential of MSS was evaluated on the basis of regional economies, sludge analysis, a main sludge energy reuse technology review and legislative profile analysis. (mdpi.com)
Tannery1
- Separate batches of tannery waste treatment sludge and finished leather and blue leather scraps were pyrolyzed in a batch furnace under varying temperature and atmospheric conditions. (cdc.gov)
Wastes1
- Wastes (oil sludge, fibers, palm kernel husks) with little or no value. (poultryfeedformulation.com)
Biochar1
Granular6
- Aerobic granular sludge is composed of bacteria, protozoa and fungi,which allows oxygen to follow in and biologically oxidize organic pollutants. (wikipedia.org)
- In most conventional activated sludge processes or aerobic granular reactor, the microorganisms grow in flocs. (wikipedia.org)
- It has not been discovered as of yet, where 100% of the sludge is in granular form. (wikipedia.org)
- Most aerobic granular sludge has 50% and the remaining composition is dense microorganism. (wikipedia.org)
- Converting an activating sludge to an aerobic granular is very challenging and would need lots of research with grant funds. (wikipedia.org)
- The dewatering sludge consecutively goes through three phases: wet, sticky and granular. (chemengonline.com)
Industrially1
- In industrially developed countries an average of 19-25 kg of dry sewage sludge is produced per inhabitant per year. (universityagro.ru)
Processes6
- Overall, wastewater treatment technology is new and it will be difficult to replace conventional activated sludge processes for the usage of wastewater treatment. (wikipedia.org)
- Biological and Chemical Processes, 4. (polyteknisk.dk)
- The goal of present studies is the intensification of biological processes of oxidation of organic contamination in wastewater by new bio-degradable chemical compounds or compositions on their basis, and by bio-sorbents. (scirp.org)
- These processes generate wastewater which are then treated using physical, chemical as well as biological treatment. (cyberleninka.org)
- This article aims to discuss the usage and dosage of sodium polyacrylate in sludge solidification processes. (aquasorbchina.com)
- Sodium polyacrylate offers great potential in sludge solidification processes due to its binding properties. (aquasorbchina.com)
Fecal6
- Fecal sludges were sampled from public toilets. (iwaponline.com)
- Methods outlined in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewaters were used for the analyses of fecal sludge samples. (iwaponline.com)
- However, fecal sludge from these low income areas are not recommended for direct use in agriculture unless they are given further treatment. (iwaponline.com)
- Composting is recommended as a promising and suitable method for effective treatment of fecal sludge resulting in a hygienically safe and economically profitable product. (iwaponline.com)
- A large proportion of fecal sludge generated from onsite sanitation systems are not properly disposed of. (iwaponline.com)
- Specific hygienic aspects of digested sludge were also investigated and, it was found that viruses are not likely to survive the heated anaerobic digester environment and, although digested sludge contains large populations of fecal coliform bacteria, these organisms die away rather rapidly during storage and after spreading on the soil. (epa.gov)
Chlorine1
- During the autumn and spring periods soluble compounds, especially chlorine, contained in sludge are washed out of the root layer. (universityagro.ru)
Mechanical3
- In the process of petroleum refining is generated waste, the so-called oil sludge, which has complex physical and chemical composition: petrochemicals, water and mechanical impurities (clay, sand). (st77.ru)
- The most common method involves mechanical stirring or agitating equipment to ensure uniform distribution of the additive throughout the sludge. (aquasorbchina.com)
- The sticky behavior of waste-activated sludge (WAS) during mechanical dewatering and thermal drying is an important practical challenge in sludge handling installations in the chemical process industry (CPI) as discussed in two earlier articles published in Chemical Engineering by this lead author [ 1 , 2 ]. (chemengonline.com)
Fertilizer3
- In industrialized countries up to 32% of sewage sludge is used as an organic fertilizer. (universityagro.ru)
- In the Russian Federation only 5-7% of sewage sludge is used for fertilizer, which is connected with insufficient implementation of technologies for the preparation for use in agriculture. (universityagro.ru)
- Proper utilization of WRW could reduce chemical fertilizer use and prevent both surface and groundwater contamination and environmental pollution. (upm.edu.my)
Treatment20
- The sludge was treated by GP in 1977 using chemical fixation and then buried in that vicinity-without reliable information about the longevity of the detoxification "treatment. (nwcitizen.com)
- PYROCHAR will provide small municipalities and their waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) with an economically and environmentally sound solution for the treatment and disposal of their sewage sludge. (europa.eu)
- The implementation of the European Directives for the treatment of wastewater (e.g. 86/278/EEC, 91/271/EEC) has improved the general quality and management of the wastewaters across the member states but has also generated a complex problem in the management and disposal of the increasing sewage sludge: according to the recent estimates, more than 10 million tons of dried sludge is produced yearly within the 26 member states. (europa.eu)
- For these plants, the established sludge treatment and disposal options, developed specifically for large treatment plants, are too complex and expensive to provide on-site practical solutions. (europa.eu)
- Compliance with the latest EU directives for wastewater treatment and sewage sludge management. (europa.eu)
- The costs of sludge treatment, storage and transport to composting/incineration facilities, farming or to larger WWTPs for further treatment(s) are high. (europa.eu)
- The implementation of the European Directives for the treatment of water and wastewater has improved the general quality and management of the waters across the member states, but has also created challenges for the cost-effective management and disposal of the increasing sewage sludge. (europa.eu)
- hence, the selection of the appropriate sludge treatment and disposal technologies to maximize the energy potential of MSS is of great importance. (mdpi.com)
- Currently, waste water treatment plants use methods of chemical, thermal and biological decontamination of sewage sludge. (universityagro.ru)
- Chemical sludge decontamination consists of treatment with fungicides. (universityagro.ru)
- Three treatments included the addition of 22 g dry weight (DW) sludge spiked with 0, 200 and 1,000 mg Cu kg−1 DW sludge in each mesocosm, and one treatment had 66 g DW sludge spiked with 1,000 mg Cu kg−1 DW sludge added in each mesocosm. (orgprints.org)
- Recycling and disposal of oil sludge is directed to the use of efficient and environmentally friendly technologies, the use of specialised equipment and waste-free treatment and disposal technologies. (st77.ru)
- The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of AD of paper sludge (PS) generated from primary and secondary wastewater treatment and to compare the effect of cow manure to paper sludge. (cyberleninka.org)
- Wastewater treatment eventually produces paper sludge (PS) from chemical and biological treatment in large quantities, ranging from 0,3 to 1 m3 of PS/ton paper produced. (cyberleninka.org)
- In Indonesia, land application and hazardous waste treatment are the typical choices for sludge stabilization. (cyberleninka.org)
- Thus, on-site treatment of paper sludge must be considered in order to reduce production cost and also draw benefit from nutrients contained in the PS. (cyberleninka.org)
- Several degradation studies of colouring chemicals, organic and inorganic contaminants released from textile effluents have been conducted, but treatment studies on Crepe Cotton Textile Wastewater (CCTW) have been rare, despite their potential environmental threat. (researchsquare.com)
- Two biological systems have been commonly used, one is treatment of wastewater using activated sludge, in which degradation of organic and inorganic matter by the cell metabolism requires external aeration. (researchsquare.com)
- Though it includes the most extensively used wastewater treatment technique, but the disposal and management of ESP (Excess Sludge Produced) are the major disadvantages of this system (Romero et al. (researchsquare.com)
- Polyaluminum chloride (PACl) is used as a conditioning agent for reducing the stickiness of waste-activated sludge in wastewater-treatment applications. (chemengonline.com)
Utilization1
- Large iron and steel enterprises at home and abroad attach great importance to the comprehensive research and utilization of steelmaking converter sludge. (lykzhb.cn)
Disposal4
- The PYROCHAR project brings together five SMEs and three research institutions to address the increasingly pressing issue of sewage sludge disposal in Europe. (europa.eu)
- The original methods for sludge management were: landfill, sea disposal, agriculture recycling and incineration. (europa.eu)
- However, since 1998, the EU legislation has banned sea disposal of sewage sludge. (europa.eu)
- Work on the disposal of oil sludge is a necessary measure to protect the ecology from contamination of soil, groundwater and air. (st77.ru)
Sedimentation2
- During sludge fermentation decontamination is carried out in digesters at a temperature of 56-58 ° C, where the sludge of primary sedimentation tanks and activated sludge are fed in a ratio of 1:1. (universityagro.ru)
- After some time in the aeration tank, the activated sludge is allowed to settle out by sedimentation and is disposed of (wasted) or reused (returned to the aeration tank) as needed. (aladyr.net)
Microorganisms2
- With the aim to increase air-tank capacity used in traditional systems of biochemical purification of wastewater, different ways effecting to the process of vital activity of microorganisms of active sludge are applied. (scirp.org)
- On the one hand, using the compositions of different salts and complex organic biogenous supplements prevents from the accumulation of some anions in the amounts exceeding the limited concentration, on the other hand- allows different groups of microorganisms to choose biogenous elements, which they assimilate easily and fully. (scirp.org)
Treatments2
- The chicks randomly distributed in 12 boxes on the litter of wood chips received a watering at will and were subjected to 4 treatments corresponding to the rations containing 0.3, 5, and 7% of the palm oil sludge. (poultryfeedformulation.com)
- After the sludge is removed from the harbor floor, it was subjected to a series of treatments such as washing, sieving, dewatering, drying and grinding. (iyte.edu.tr)
Microbial1
- This study was carried out to determine the heavy metals and microbial loads of raw public toilet sludge from low income areas (peri-urban and rural) of Ashanti Region of Ghana. (iwaponline.com)
Compounds2
Asphalt1
- The combined weight of the metal scrap is likely on the order of 30,000 tons and is sitting on an asphalt "cap" over known toxic sludge. (nwcitizen.com)
Increasingly1
- When the EPS become more concentrated during the dewatering/drying process, they behave increasingly as a glue, transforming the sludge into a sticky material that impedes the ongoing volume-reduction process. (chemengonline.com)
Feedstock1
- Increasing environmental and policy concerns and measures have generated increasing interest in the use of biomass resources as renewable feedstock for electricity generation, fuel production, chemical processing, and hydrogen production [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Slag4
- After mixing the converter sludge, it is roasted at high temperature in the rotary chamber, cooled, mixed and rolled, pressed into balls, and dried to become qualified cooling slag balls, which are used in steelmaking converters. (lykzhb.cn)
- This method can effectively remove harmful impurities such as Pb, Zn and S, and the obtained slag ball contains more than 60% iron, which can make full use of iron resources in sludge. (lykzhb.cn)
- The sludge is batched, mixed and rolled, then pressed and formed by a high-pressure ball press, and dried at low temperature to become a cooling slag ball. (lykzhb.cn)
- The cooling slag ball produced by this method has stable chemical composition, low harmful substance content, fast slag melting speed and obvious cooling effect, and is a high-quality auxiliary additive needed by steelmaking converter. (lykzhb.cn)
Contaminants1
- 1988. Land farming of reserve pit fluids and sludges: Fates of selected contaminants. (cdc.gov)
Carbon2
- On the contrary activated sludge microbes could remove maximum 76.40% of carbon from the initial concentration of 3560 mg/l of COD while cultured in 25% of wastewater. (researchsquare.com)
- Biogas is competitive, viable, and generally a sustainable energy resource due to abundant supply of cheap feedstocks and availability of a wide range of biogas applications in heating, power generation, fuel, and raw materials for further processing and production of sustainable chemicals including hydrogen, and carbon dioxide and biofuels. (hindawi.com)
Process5
- It has had the unfortunate side-effect of generating unacceptably large amounts of waste sludge, which makes the process inefficient in several ways, not least the need for cleaning operations which interrupt production. (automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com)
- Kuhm explains that there was a marked difference between the way steel and aluminium reacted to the former process: a square metre of galvanised material might produce 0.5g of sludge, a similar area of steel might produce 3-4g and aluminium would result in 10-15g. (automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com)
- Finding a better formula The first stage of the process developed by Henkel, therefore, uses a slightly different composition of fluid to mitigate the worst consequences of the conventional process on any aluminium present. (automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com)
- This study shows a more optimal AD process of paper sludge mixed with cow manure due to a more optimum C/N ratio and also higher VS. (cyberleninka.org)
- A general nonlinear time-varying (G-NLTV) model is established for cement raw material blending process via considering chemical composition, feed flow fluctuation, and various craft and production constraints. (hindawi.com)
Biomass1
- These results contribute to a better more biomass-derived carbohydrates are also used for produc- understanding of the aromatic metabolism of P. putida in tion of chemicals, a further valorization of lignin is an essential terms of growth and uptake rates, which will be helpful for component. (lu.se)
Fungi2
Organics2
- The sludge generally contains chlorinated organics, pathogens and trace amount of heavy metals [3]. (cyberleninka.org)
- These sediments called marine sludge in this thesis contain organics and heavy metals which pose an important environmental problem. (iyte.edu.tr)
Plants2
- Results from green house and field studies indicate that several crop plants show favorable growth responses when fertilized with digested sludge, however, concentration levels of several chemical elements in soils are increased above native amounts and are also increased in plant tissues. (epa.gov)
- Although morphology and mineral composition were similar, physico-chemical and metal concentration differences were found between incinerator plants and sampling periods. (unl.pt)
Organic4
- The amount of organic matter in raw sludge is up to 75% in terms of dry matter and consists mainly of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, lignin and bacteria. (universityagro.ru)
- From this study a significant decrease in organic and inorganic pollutants by Scenedesmus dimorphus was noticed as compare to activated sludge microbes. (researchsquare.com)
- The wastewater discharges from textile industry, which contains harmful organic dyes, high biochemical oxygen and chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), other inorganic pollutants (Mishra and Maiti 2019 ) are of utmost concern to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). (researchsquare.com)
- Sludge properties: Such as moisture content, particle size distribution, organic content, and chemical composition. (aquasorbchina.com)
Mineral6
- Application of sludge is combined with the application of mineral fertilizers. (universityagro.ru)
- a family of chemicals designed to inhibit the formation and precipitation of crystallized mineral salts that form scale. (aladyr.net)
- Used mineral-based crankcase oil is similar to unused oil except that it contains additional chemicals that are produced or that build up in the oil when it is used as an engine lubricant. (cdc.gov)
- In addition to the chemicals found in unused oil, used mineral-based crankcase oil contains chemicals that are formed when the oil is exposed to the high temperatures and pressures inside an engine as it runs. (cdc.gov)
- In addition, used mineral-based crankcase oil contains small amounts of water, gasoline, antifreeze, and chemicals that come from gasoline when it burns inside the engine. (cdc.gov)
- Used mineral-based crankcase oil is not naturally found in the environment, but most of the chemicals found in the oil do occur naturally. (cdc.gov)
Generates1
- Abstract Pulp and paper industry generates large quantity of sludge, up to 1 m3 /ton paper produced. (cyberleninka.org)
Million tons3
- According to the recent estimates, more than 10 million tons of dried sludge is produced yearly within the 26 member states. (europa.eu)
- According to a study prepared for the European Commission, the sludge production in the EU27 (including 27 member states in the European Union since 2008) was 11.5 million tons DS (dry substance) in 2010, and this will rise to 13 million tons DS by 2020 [ 3 ]. (chemengonline.com)
- In China, more than 40 million tons DS of dewatered sludge are annually produced [ 4 ]. (chemengonline.com)
Water8
- Due to the heterogeneous composition of the test substance, the effective loading (EL) was determined upon water accommodated fraction (WAF) without chemical analysis. (europa.eu)
- Ash composition is specific and is determined by the composition of industrial water. (universityagro.ru)
- The effects of digested sludge application on the chemical composition of soil, plant, and water samples from a large field lysimeter facility are discussed. (epa.gov)
- Abstract Omni Processors (OP) are machines which use sludge as a fuel to generate electricity and clean water, but create ash at the same time. (techscience.com)
- 10/3/2016 - Chemical fertilizers are destroying our supplies of clean water by feeding blooms of toxic algae, scientists and water officials have warned. (naturalnews.com)
- If you observe any equipment problems, consider all the possible causes, like chemical problems in the water that need to be treated to bring it back into balance. (airostat.com)
- The densities and water absorption of the tiles fired at 1100 °C was observed to decrease with increasing sludge addition. (iyte.edu.tr)
- The texture of activated sludge changes substantially when its water content is lowered. (chemengonline.com)
Nutrient1
- The major drawback of WRW studies is that they lack depth and scope, such as determining the initial and (or) final soil physico-chemical properties or plant nutrient contents. (upm.edu.my)
Contaminant1
- Sludge is a thick contaminant that reduces the amount and viscosity of your oil. (automotivist.com)
Mixture3
- Step 3: Mixing - Introduce the selected dosage of sodium polyacrylate into the sludge mixture. (aquasorbchina.com)
- Step 4: Curing and Drying - After thorough mixing, allow the sludge mixture to cure for a specific period, depending on the solidification requirements. (aquasorbchina.com)
- Sludge is a dark and thick mixture of oil and dirt that is formed by oxidation and contamination of the engine oil. (automotivist.com)
Morphology1
- Sewage sludge has been surveyed for ke cultural and microscopic morphology. (who.int)
Preparation3
- The main technological stage of sludge preparation for use is decontamination. (universityagro.ru)
- 9/21/2016 - EXCLUSIVE: A group of local business owners and citizen activists are gathering data in preparation for a lawsuit against a South Florida county in a bid to halt anti-mosquito spraying with a chemical some experts say is harmful to humans, wildlife and the environment, a resident involved in the effort. (naturalnews.com)
- Step 1: Sludge Preparation - Collect the sludge sample and determine its composition, moisture content, and physical properties. (aquasorbchina.com)
Powder2
- In other words, sludge is mixed with other dry powder and sintered ore return to be directly used as sintering raw materials. (lykzhb.cn)
- The results of this work indicated that blending marine sludge in to the ceramic powder mixtures in the 20-50% range was beneficial for tile production. (iyte.edu.tr)
Moisture2
- Finally, dry the solidified sludge to achieve the desired moisture content. (aquasorbchina.com)
- In addition, the chemical composition, difficulty and moisture of various dust and mud are quite different. (lykzhb.cn)
Growth2
- The growth of urban population, development of industry is accompanied by an increase in the volume of wastewater and its sludge. (universityagro.ru)
- labelled A-G). Of 35 sludge samples cul tured in SCC medium, 28 produced fungal growth. (who.int)
Anaerobic1
- Anaerobic digestion (AD) is the most common method for sludge stabilization. (cyberleninka.org)
Greatly1
- The chemical composition of the sludge varies greatly, depending on the production technology and the composition of the treated wastewater. (universityagro.ru)
Application3
- A laboratory mesocosm experiment was performed to study the effects of copper-enriched sewage sludge application on a mesofauna community. (orgprints.org)
- As long as digested sludge application rates do not exceed those which will result in unacceptable concentration levels of NO3-N in drainage or groundwaters, sludge of the quality employed in the study can be safely used to increase the production of good quality crops. (epa.gov)
- One of the fundamental aspects of the application of sludge dewatering and drying is the sludge's sticky phase. (chemengonline.com)
Effects2
- Therefore, the objective is to describe the effects of palm oil sludge in diets on dietary intake, weight gain, feed efficiency, carcass yield, and chickens' flesh's economic performance in the finishing phase. (poultryfeedformulation.com)
- The effects of exposure to any hazardous substance depend on the dose, the duration, how you are exposed, personal traits and habits, and whether other chemicals are present. (cdc.gov)
Ashes1
- Sewage sludge ashes (SSA), although a waste, contain elements with socio-economic and environmental potential that can be recovered. (unl.pt)
Temperature2
- Gel-ling is when oil reaches a temperature beyond what it can handle and becomes a gel similar to sludge and can't lubricate the engine. (automotivist.com)
- Marine sludge added tiles were observed to have higher compressive strength after firing at 1100 °C. The sludge addition caused a lower firing temperature for densification/vitrification of the pellets with higher pore content. (iyte.edu.tr)
Waste1
- Lin et al [7] demonstrated that PS combined with monosodium glutamate waste liquor can produce up to 200 ml methane/g volatile solid (VS)added, with methane reaching up to 80% of the total biogas composition. (cyberleninka.org)
Substance1
- Sludge is a semi-solid gel-like substance that appears in engine oil when it breaks down and becomes contaminated. (automotivist.com)
Assessment1
- This paper discusses the problem of atmosphere composition assessment related to entrance and inspection of a vessel cargo tank after washing, gas-freeing and ventilation. (edu.pl)