In enzymology, a leucine-tRNA ligase (EC 6.1.1.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + L-leucine + tRNALeu ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } AMP + diphosphate + L-leucyl-tRNALeu The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-leucine, and tRNA(Leu), whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and L-leucyl-tRNA(Leu). (wikipedia.org)
Other names in common use include leucyl-tRNA synthetase, leucyl-transfer ribonucleate synthetase, leucyl-transfer RNA synthetase, leucyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase, leucine-tRNA synthetase, and leucine translase. (wikipedia.org)
For example, in the three-letter system, arginine is Arg, leucine is Leu and proline is Pro. (allthescience.org)
By sequencing the bovine liver tRNA(Leu), the structure of the anticodon was determined as f5CmAA. (cnrs.fr)
The nucleotide analysis of a cytoplasmic tRNA(Leu) isolated from bovine liver revealed the presence of an unknown modified nucleotide N. The corresponding N nucleoside was isolated by different enzymatic and chromatographic protocols from a partially purified preparation of this tRNA(Leu). (cnrs.fr)
Approximately 80% of patients with the clinical characteristics of MELAS syndrome have a heteroplasmic A-to-G point mutation in the dihydrouridine loop of the transfer RNA (tRNA) Leu (UUR) gene at base pair (bp) 3243 (ie, 3243 A → G mutation). (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] However, other mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are observed, including the m.3244 G → A, m.3258 T → C, m.3271 T → C, and m.3291 T → C in the mitochondrial tRNA Leu(UUR) gene. (medscape.com)
Proteins7
Chemical processes like this are known as condensation reactions, because a part of each molecule has been lost in the process: the H from the NH 2 , and the OH from the COOH group combine to form water (H 2 O). Strictly speaking, the amino acid units that form peptides and proteins should be called amino acid residues, but they are usually just referred to as amino acids. (allthescience.org)
The processes of DNA transcription and RNA translation allow these units to be assembled into the correct sequences to form the necessary proteins when cells divide. (allthescience.org)
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane that can be released by all types of cells, which contain a variety of proteins, lipids, and a variety of non-coding RNAs. (ijbs.com)
The optimized ACNVs had an average size of about 119 nm and showed a typical cup-shaped nanostructure containing lipids, proteins, and RNAs. (dovepress.com)
Abbas YM, Pichlmair A, Górna MW, Superti-Furga G, Nagar B. Structural basis for viral 5'-PPP-RNA recognition by human IFIT proteins. (cemm.at)
Sulfur mustard is an alkylating agent which quickly reacts with nucleophiles such as DNA, RNA, water, lipids, peptides, and proteins via an episulfonium ion intermediate. (cdc.gov)
Peptide1
The bonds between side chains are normally weaker than peptide bonds, and factors such as heat, and various chemical agents, can break them, causing a protein to lose its shape, but preserving the primary structure. (allthescience.org)
Nucleic2
In this study, a rapid DNA extraction method (RDEM), recombinase aided amplification (RAA), and chemical heating packet (CHP) are integrated and termed as RRC platform for on-site detection of nucleic acid. (frontiersin.org)
Review of zinc as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2′s RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and zinc ionophores including CQ/HCQ, showing the latest evidence for zinc and CQ/HCQ having antiviral, and in particular anticoronaviral action. (c19hcq.org)
Zn(II) is an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 s RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are Zn(II) ionophores-this statement gives a curious mind a lot to think about. (c19hcq.org)
The necessity of Sirt1 for the retinal protective effect of HRS was investigated using the Sirt1 activator resveratrol, the Sirt1 inhibitor EX-527, and short interfering RNAs. (arvojournals.org)
Additionally, the retinal protective effect of HRS was inhibited by both the Sirt1 inhibitor EX-527 and Sirt1 targeted short interfering RNAs. (arvojournals.org)
Nucleotide1
Micro RNAs are 21- to 24-nucleotide-long, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. (researchsquare.com)
A. Kumar, J. Singh, K. Paliwal, J. Singh, Y. Zhou, "Single-sequence and profile-based Prediction of RNA solvent accessibility using dilated convolution neural network. (sparks-lab.org)
Prediction2
J. Singh, K. Paliwal, J. Singh, Y. Zhou, "RNA Backbone Torsion and Pseudotorsion Angle Prediction using Dilated Convolutional Neural Networks. (sparks-lab.org)
J. Singh, K. Paliwal, T Zhang, J. Singh, T Litfin, Y. Zhou, "Improved RNA Secondary Structure and Tertiary Base-pairing Prediction Using Evolutionary Profile, Mutational Coupling and Two-dimensional Transfer Learning. (sparks-lab.org)
Zhang2
T. Zhang, J. Singh, T. Litfin, J. Zhan, K. Paliwal, and Y. Zhou, "RNAcmap: A fully automatic pipeline for predicting contact maps of RNAs by evolutionary coupling analysis. (sparks-lab.org)
Z. Zhang, P. Xiong, T. Zhang, J. Wang, J. Zhan, and Y. Zhou, "Accurate inference of the full base-pairing structure of RNA by deep mutational scanning and covariation-induced deviation of activity. (sparks-lab.org)
Purification1
Therefore, it is commonly used for the purification of chemical drugs and biological drugs by pharmaceutical companies and particularly in industrial purification ( 16 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Abundant1
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of RNAs that are more abundant, specific, and highly organized, compared to other types of RNAs. (ijbs.com)
Metabolite1
Metabolite analysis demonstrated that kimchi fermentation using Leu. (who.int)
Gene expression2
The main tool used in transcriptomics is total RNA sequencing, which is a powerful tool for analyzing gene expression changes in response to various environmental stresses [ 27 ]. (hindawi.com)
PTI comprises both physical and chemical defence responses, e.g. the deposition of lignin-like compounds in the cell wall, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of signalling cascades that modulate gene expression. (researchsquare.com)
Investigate1
In this study, a combination of a barcoded pyrosequencing strategy and a (1)H NMR technique was used to investigate the effects of Leu. (who.int)
Molecular1
Cellular respiration (oxidative phosphorylation) occurs in the mitochondria, where a series of enzymes catalyze the transfer of electrons to molecular oxygen and the generation of energy-storing adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (msdmanuals.com)
Mechanisms2
The principal goal of my research is to understand the physical mechanisms by which these nanoscale machines convert chemical energy into mechanical work. (nih.gov)
Q. Chen, K. Liu, R. Yu, B. Zhou, P. Huang, Z. Cao, Y. Zhou, and J. Wang, "From "dark matter" to "star": Insight into the regulation mechanisms of plant functional long non-coding RNAs. (sparks-lab.org)
Approaches2
Over a number of years, ATSDR scientists in collaboration with mixtures risk assessors and laboratory scientists have developed approaches for the assessment of the joint toxic action of chemical mixtures. (cdc.gov)
The purpose of an Interaction Profile is to evaluate data on the toxicology of the "whole" priority mixture (if available) and on the joint toxic action of the chemicals in the mixture in order to recommend approaches for the exposure-based assessment of the potential hazard to public health. (cdc.gov)
Protocols1
Typical plant transformation protocols to produce transgenic, genetically modified (GM) varieties rely on transgenes, chemical selection, and tissue culture. (frontiersin.org)
Toxic2
The Chemical Weapons Convention classifies sulfur mustard as a Schedule 1 toxic chemical and prohibits its development, fabrication, stockpiling, and use. (cdc.gov)
All the information obtained is thus used to enhance existing or developing methods to assess the joint toxic action of environmental chemicals. (cdc.gov)
Mechanical1
TRPV4 activation increases vascular permeability and can be triggered by both chemical and mechanical cues. (google.com)
Single1
Transcript evaluation Complete RNA was isolated from fresh blood with QIAamp RNA blood kit, and single stranded cDNA was synthesized together with the GoScript reverse transcription procedure in ac cordance using the companies directions. (mirnainhibitors.com)
Convention1
The international convention to stop the production of many ozone-depleting chemicals is one of the best examples yet of applying universal environmental ethics. (eubios.info)
Collaboration1
Professor Michael Purugganan from New York University described his collaboration with Professor Kumar on DNA-mediated electron transfer at Columbia University. (uconn.edu)
Journal1
Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. (edu.sa)
Small1
The pentapeptide Ac-LPFFD-NH₂ (iAβ5p) is an analog of product H-4876 with small chemical modifications which enhance its stability against proteolytic degradation. (bestbiochem.com)
The abbe Spallanzani was the first scientist to study systematically the chemical Powers of the gastric juice hut it was by the careful and convincing experiments of Beaumont t liar the foundation of our exact knowledge of its composition and action was Laid. (newspaperarchive.com)
Methods1
The development of reliable methods for long-term detection of sulfur mustard exposure in clinical specimens is critical for monitoring accidental exposures during demilitarization activities and providing forensic evidence during a suspected chemical weapon release. (cdc.gov)