• In order to achieve sustainable agriculture, it is essential to use pesticides and chemical fertilizers in the minimum amount and optimally [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • PFAS chemicals are widely found throughout the environment because of their extensive use and persistence. (pcrm.org)
  • This study validated a screening method and produced a baseline transcriptomic dataset that can be used to study data-poor PFAS without the use of animals. (pcrm.org)
  • PFAS are a large, complex category of manufactured chemicals that are found in many commonplace products. (scitechdaily.com)
  • A new method beheads PFAS, causing it to break down into benign end products. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The few options that are now emerging generally involved PFAS destruction at high temperatures and pressures or other methods that require large energy inputs. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Now, a team of scientists at University of California (UC) Riverside have reported an alternative method for supercharging the destruction of PFAS chemicals in water. (sciencealert.com)
  • The next, and more difficult step, is then disposing of the concentrated PFAS chemicals or destroying them without creating any other harmful substances in the process. (sciencealert.com)
  • It works by bubbling hydrogen gas (H 2 ) through contaminated water to ionize the water molecules (H 2 O). This generates reactive species including hydrated electrons that then attack the strong bonds holding PFAS chemicals together. (sciencealert.com)
  • But the method still needs some optimizing because even at barely detectable levels PFAS chemicals are dangerous, according to health authorities. (sciencealert.com)
  • It's not the first time researchers have tried zapping PFAS chemicals to break them. (sciencealert.com)
  • In pilot tests of contaminated water purged from monitoring wells on air force sites, treatment in plasma reactors for up to 50 minutes degraded between 36 and 99 percent of PFAS chemicals, some faster than others. (sciencealert.com)
  • High-throughput transcriptomics can be used to investigate biological perturbations induced by chemical exposures and to compare similarities and differences in biological potencies across chemicals, filling data gaps more quickly and at lower cost than animal testing. (pcrm.org)
  • Together, these environmental data provide only a partial picture of the burden of chemical exposures people in the region face. (cdc.gov)
  • Even as we work to prevent pollution, and clean up the residua of past emissions--much-needed efforts that are well underway--we need to advance our understanding of the health consequences of chemical exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • LRN-C laboratories assist CDC in testing samples for chemical sures to toxic chemical agents exposures and serve as front line communication among the CDC such as cyanide, nerve agents, and local health officials, hospitals, and poison control centers. (cdc.gov)
  • Laboratory Networks (ICLN) requires these laboratories maintain testing capabilities for exposures to the following high threat chemical agents: mustard agents, nerve agents, and toxic industrial chemicals. (cdc.gov)
  • Early detection and accurate identification of chemical threat agents are critical for effec- tive treatment and minimizing additional exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • This blog describes NIOSH evaluations of worker exposures to specific chemicals during oil and gas extraction flowback and production testing activities. (cdc.gov)
  • NIOSH exposure assessments included short-term and full-shift personal breathing zone and area air sampling for exposures to benzene and other hydrocarbons using standard methods and analyses listed in the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. (cdc.gov)
  • Both paternal and maternal exposures to biologic and chemical agents and maternal exposure to physical factors must be recognized and controlled to prevent these adverse effects on fertility and on the next generation of children. (cdc.gov)
  • Strategies should include reduction or elimination of chemical agents whenever possible, proper personal protective equipment, improved work practices and hygiene, worker education, avoidance of biologic exposures, and reduction in the intensity and duration of maternal physical labor. (cdc.gov)
  • The chemical used (chloropicrin, sold as Larvacide) is highly toxic to people, can be painful to rabbits, and is being phased out in Australia. (qld.gov.au)
  • VeruTEK's treatment processes enable controlled dissolution and desorption of organic phase chemical contaminants using plant-based, FDA-approved plant extracts along with simultaneous destruction of these toxic chemicals. (azocleantech.com)
  • The dissertation deals with psychological methods aimed at improving the understanding and assessment of two disorders related to contact with chemicals: solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy (TE) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). (lu.se)
  • The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) has been committed to protecting public health from chemical contamination since its formation more than 20 years ago. (cdc.gov)
  • Advanced Research and terrorism agents such as cyanide, toxic metals, and toxic industrial chemicals. (cdc.gov)
  • The term "forever chemicals" refers to a group of manufactured chemicals that have been used extensively since the 1940s. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Scientists have discovered a new way to break apart 'forever chemicals', the notoriously stubborn pollutants that contaminate our waterways and threaten public health , contributing to a growing list of potential methods of dealing with the long-lived compounds. (sciencealert.com)
  • News of a simple, low-energy way to degrade some, but not all, forever chemicals came in August from researchers at Northwestern University who described how these tightly bonded, long-chain synthetic chemicals - once thought impossible to degrade without a great deal of energy - 'fell apart' under unexpectedly mild conditions. (sciencealert.com)
  • Later nicknamed 'forever chemicals' for the way they persist in the environment, they've been found in concerningly high levels in drinking water around the world and linked to health problems, such as liver cancer . (sciencealert.com)
  • So far the researchers have only tested their method on small volumes (500 milliliters or 17 fluid ounces) of tap water spiked with PFOA and PFOS, two types of forever chemicals. (sciencealert.com)
  • The general consensus is that there's not a one-size-fits-all solution" to degrading forever chemicals, chemical engineer Selma Mededovic Thagard of Clarkson University told the American Geophysical Union's Eos magazine. (sciencealert.com)
  • Per ASTM C650: "This test method covers a procedure for determining whether, and to what degree, ceramic tiles are affected by prolonged exposure to chemical substances that are commonly used in the household or for cleaning purposes as well as other more severe conditions. (intertek.com)
  • Establishment and validation of the methods was performed with 54 test substances of known sensitizing potential, and the findings were compared to available human patch test data and murine local lymph node assay data. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • The development of new methods to predict the protein reactive potential of sensitizing substances indicated that such compounds are able to react with proteins on the cell surface and that this reaction impacts the detection of such proteins by antibody staining. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • The chemical formulas for reacting and producing substances are represented in a chemical equation. (vedantu.com)
  • Both the particulate and gas phases are mixtures of chemical substances in e-cigarette aerosols. (bmj.com)
  • In particular, the annotation scheme of this benchmark data extends from previous challenges of chemical information extraction 1514 to recognize multiple semantic roles of chemical substances in the reaction. (frontiersin.org)
  • Three chemical specific cleavage reactions, one for the carboxyl side of aspartyl peptide bonds, one for the carboxyl side of asparaginyl peptide bonds and another for the amino side of seryl/threonyl peptide bonds have been recently established. (nih.gov)
  • The chemical reactions on these modifications change the peptide mapping pattern, and information from these reactions may contribute characterization and location of post-translational modified groups in the protein. (nih.gov)
  • The sizing of emergency relief vents to mitigate runaway chemical reactions in batch or semi-batch reactors is important for the protection of the workers and the process unit. (aiche.org)
  • In the present work, runaway reactions in two chemical systems were studied experimentally with various apparatuses in volumes from 30 µl up to 10 liters (DSC, PHI-TEC I, ARSST, VSP2, Vent Sizing Simulator, 800 ml reactor, and the standard 10 liter vessel used for the United Nations test for sizing rupture disks for vessels containing self-reactive materials). (aiche.org)
  • In Paper IV and V the smell intolerance reactions common in TE cases were explored, aiming to develop a standardized chemical challenge design for the assessment of chemical intolerance. (lu.se)
  • The annoyance reactions of TE cases was successfully reproduced during controlled chemical challenge at exposure levels below known levels for acute CNS-effects and trigeminal irritation. (lu.se)
  • Blasting the water with high-energy, short-wavelength UV light also helps speed up these chemical reactions that have otherwise been too slow to be useful in industrial settings. (sciencealert.com)
  • Redox chemical reactions are the chemical equations in which oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously. (vedantu.com)
  • For balancing the redox reactions by oxidation number method, you find out the oxidation number of each of the participating atoms to keep track of the electron transfer. (vedantu.com)
  • Chemical reactions and experimental conditions are fundamental information for chemical research and pharmaceutical applications. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, the latest information of chemical reactions is usually embedded in the free text of patents. (frontiersin.org)
  • Now, scientists report that they are among the first to develop analytical methods and reporting strategies for examining plastic monomers, micro- and nanoplastics in mammalian tissues, including human organs and tissues. (acs.org)
  • Several analytical methods are used to detect and quantify environmental pollutants [ 3 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
  • These improved molecules of a different chemical class increase SOS1 cat -mediated nucleotide exchange on RAS and display cellular action consistent with our prior results. (rcsb.org)
  • Areas of application span the full range of chemical systems from single molecules to mesoscopic aggregates. (nsf.gov)
  • In this research project, we successfully developed several original methods (or synthetic small molecules) based on chemistry that allow for selective labeling and imaging target proteins under nearly natural conditions. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Destruction of chemical warfare agent stockpiles at Pueblo and Blue Grass is set to begin by 2017 at Pueblo and 2020 at Blue Grass. (cdc.gov)
  • The researchers will present their results today at the American Chemical Society (ACS) Fall 2020 Virtual Meeting & Expo. (acs.org)
  • This work describes the participation of the Melax Tech team in the CLEF 2020-ChEMU Task of Chemical Reaction Extraction from Patent. (frontiersin.org)
  • Fortunately, the CLEF 2020-ChEMU Task takes the initiative to promote the chemical reaction extraction from patents by providing benchmark annotation datasets. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here we report that the flavoring chemicals induce transcriptomic changes and perturb cilia function in the airway epithelium. (nature.com)
  • In 1986, Congress passed PL 99-145 (50 USC 1521) that mandated destruction of the stockpile of lethal chemical warfare agents in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • In 1984, the National Research Council endorsed incineration as a reliable and safe destruction method. (cdc.gov)
  • During the destruction process (called chemical hydrolysis ), sodium hydroxide was added to the chemical warfare agents. (cdc.gov)
  • In 2002, DoD chose neutralization followed by biotreatment as its method to destroy 2,611 tons of mustard agent in projectiles and cartridges at Pueblo Chemical Agent-Destruction Pilot Plant in Pueblo, Colorado. (cdc.gov)
  • DoD also chose its neutralization process followed by supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) to destroy 523 tons of nerve agent and blister agent in rockets and projectiles at Blue Grass Chemical Agent-Destruction Pilot Plant in Blue Grass, Kentucky. (cdc.gov)
  • E. D. Hedeg ård and M. Reiher, The Polarizable Embedding Density Matrix Renormalization Group Method, Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, 12 (2016), 4242-4253. (lu.se)
  • Incineration technology is used to treat the empty casings and destroy any residual chemical agents or their hazardous breakdown products. (cdc.gov)
  • Some chemicals can be hazardous to people and both domestic and native animals. (qld.gov.au)
  • Under these conditions, the organic chemical agent waste products are destroyed through an oxidation process. (cdc.gov)
  • A similar colorimetric assay, the Bicinchoninic acid assay, uses a chemical reaction to determine protein concentration. (wikipedia.org)
  • An introduction to the quantitative treatment of chemical reaction engineering. (e-booksdirectory.com)
  • A chemical equation is the depiction of the chemical reaction that occurs between the reactants leading to the formation of the products. (vedantu.com)
  • The task consisted of two subtasks: (1) named entity recognition to identify compounds and different semantic roles in the chemical reaction and (2) event extraction to identify event triggers of chemical reaction and their relations with the semantic roles recognized in subtask 1. (frontiersin.org)
  • Two important subtasks are set up in this challenge: chemical named entity recognition (NER) and chemical reaction event extraction. (frontiersin.org)
  • Methods applied for the generation and chemical analyses of aerosols differ across studies. (bmj.com)
  • NHANES uses several methods to monitor the quality of the analyses performed by the contract laboratories. (cdc.gov)
  • The Chemical Advanced Resolution Methods (ChARM) Laboratory is part of the Microanalytical Facility overseen by the Vice President for Research Office in the Great Lakes Research Center . (mtu.edu)
  • Refer to the Laboratory Method Files section for detailed laboratory procedure manual(s) of the methods used. (cdc.gov)
  • The course also includes computer and experiment laboratory exercises in order to introduce the students to methods used in modern nuclear physics. (lu.se)
  • Intended to acquaint the reader with the theory of x-ray diffraction, the experimental methods involved, and the main applications. (e-booksdirectory.com)
  • Scanning probe microscopy methods have enabled characterization of surface topography and electronic structure down to the nanometer (and in some cases atomic) scale. (rsc.org)
  • These methods may contribute to analyzing protein structure and functions in living cells. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Three steps of the skin sensitizing process were depicted: protein reactivity of chemicals, activation of keratinocytes and dendritic cell like cells have been investigated. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • Gaussian elimination (also known as row reduction) is a numerical method for solving a system of linear equations. (periodni.com)
  • The inclusion of stoichiometric coefficients to products and reactants is required to balance the chemical equations. (vedantu.com)
  • Controlling weeds Weeds can be controlled through proper management, using simple implements and biological methods. (nzdl.org)
  • Chemical Methods of Descaling and Derusting Streatfield, E.L. 1955-01-01 00:00:00 This is an excerpt from a paper entitled Some Industrial Applications of Metal Cleaning, which formed the chairman's address read before a joint meeting of the London sections of the Society of Chemical Industry and of the Royal Institute of Chemistry. (deepdyve.com)
  • This is an excerpt from a paper entitled Some Industrial Applications of Metal Cleaning, which formed the chairman's address read before a joint meeting of the London sections of the Society of Chemical Industry and of the Royal Institute of Chemistry. (deepdyve.com)
  • The mineralogical, physical and chemical properties of degraded samples are characterized. (chalmers.se)
  • An In-vitro Assessment of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Toothbrush Bristle Following Decontamination by Three Different Methods: A Pilot Study. (bvsalud.org)
  • Selection of chemicals for the development and evaluation of in vitro methods for skin sensitisation testing. (nih.gov)
  • This in vitro study aimed at investigating the effect of desensitizing and/or anti-erosive toothpastes on initial enamel erosion and abrasion, and analyse how the chemical and physical factors of these toothpastes influence ETW. (nature.com)
  • Boston University (BU) researchers, in collaboration with researchers at the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the Broad Institute, have developed and evaluated a new approach to assess whether exposure to a chemical increases a person's long-term cancer risk. (nih.gov)
  • Regulatory accepted methods to assess skin sensitizing potential of chemicals are animal based tests, but increasing interest in animal welfare presses the development of animal-free methods. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • As the popularity and use of e-cig continue to increase, there is an urgent need to assess comprehensively the chemical compositions and potential health effects of e-cig. (nature.com)
  • Objective To review the available evidence evaluating the chemicals in refill solutions, cartridges, aerosols and environmental emissions of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). (bmj.com)
  • To further study this process, we sought different chemical matter from an NMR-based fragment screen using selective methyl labeling. (rcsb.org)
  • An ideal disinfectant or antiseptic (chemical agent) kills microorganisms in the shortest possible time without damaging the material treated. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Background Toothbrushes are the most commonly used mechanical plaque control methods , and they are said to harbor microorganisms if not stored properly following usage. (bvsalud.org)
  • We apply the new approach to predict activity coefficients at infinite dilution and obtain significant improvements compared to the physical and data-driven baselines and established ensemble methods from the machine learning literature. (rsc.org)
  • Based on gene expression profiling data, the researchers were able to infer specific biological changes at the cellular level and predict potential carcinogenicity of chemicals, or the ability of chemicals to cause cancer. (nih.gov)
  • The aim of this work was the development, establishment and validation of several alternative methods to animal testing to predict the skin sensitizing potential of chemicals. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • Currently, new materials have been introduced on the market through the use of products based on amino acids with sodium hypochloride or papain recommended for the chemical-mechanical removal of dental caries without using anesthesia or rotator instruments. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, the purpose of this study is to discuss the effectiveness of chemical-mechanical methods for the removal of dental caries. (bvsalud.org)
  • The CTMC Program is interested in fundamental areas of chemical research that are difficult or impossible to address using current synthetic, experimental, and/or computational methodologies. (nsf.gov)
  • The ionization energies calculated by the SAC-CI general-R method agree well with the experimental peaks in the photoelectron spectrum. (aip.org)
  • This course covers common numerical algorithms and statistical methods used by chemical engineers to solve typical problems arising in industrial and research practice. (ethz.ch)
  • The Chemical Theory, Models, and Computational Methods (CTMC) Program supports the discovery and development of theoretical and computational methods or models to address a range of chemical challenges, with emphasis on emerging areas of chemical research. (nsf.gov)
  • Despite the diverse application areas, the goal of the program is to support the development of new theoretical and computational methodologies that are broadly applicable to a range of challenging chemical problems. (nsf.gov)
  • Examples of sustainable chemistry appropriate for the Chemical Theory Models and Computational methods (CTMC) Program include, but are not limited to: the development of methods to address sustainability-relevant topics such as the design of more benign alternative processes, and developing chemistry with reduced energy requirements and with a more limited greenhouse gas footprint. (nsf.gov)
  • Skin sensitization is the development of the allergic contact dermatitis caused by chemicals. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • Lack of benchmark data with annotations of detailed information critical for new chemical compound discovery hinders the development of NLP-based information extraction systems that can be applied in a real-world setting. (frontiersin.org)
  • The modern era of amyloidosis classification began in the late 1960s with the development of methods to solubilize amyloid fibrils. (medscape.com)
  • This new method could impact the development. (lu.se)
  • This new method could impact the development of point-of-care devices for biomedical applications. (lu.se)
  • Evaluation methods. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Results and conclusion The Group 2 and Group 3 samples showed significant wear (Score 2) under SEM evaluation, and FTIR spectroscopy evaluation revealed that changes occur in the fingerprint region of infrared spectroscopy owing to chemical bond alteration following decontamination . (bvsalud.org)
  • Biotreatment is the processing of organic waste, in this case chemical agent breakdown products, using living organisms such as bacteria, fungi or protozoa. (cdc.gov)
  • In this test, various dilutions of the chemical agent are prepared and tested against equivalent dilutions of phenol with such bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi . (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Various dilutions of the chemical agent are made and tested against a standardized preparation of test bacteria on the type of material later to be disinfected in normal use. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • are useful chemical agents when employed against bacteria and fungi, but they have no effect on bacterial spores. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • In 2002, DoD chose the neutralization method to destroy chemical warfare agents stored at chemical agent disposal facilities in Aberdeen, Maryland, and Newport, Indiana. (cdc.gov)
  • proposals on quantum information science (QIS) that either focus on applying QIS concepts to theoretical and computational chemistry or on developing quantum algorithms for chemical systems. (nsf.gov)
  • Methods Systematic literature searches were conducted to identify research related to e-cigarettes and chemistry using 5 reference databases and 11 search terms. (bmj.com)
  • This calculator uses the Gaussian elimination method to determine the stoichiometric coefficients of a chemical equation. (periodni.com)
  • Jensen, Polarizable Embedding with a Multicon guration Short-Range Density Functional Theory Linear Response Method, Journal of Chemical Physics, 142, (2015), 114113. (lu.se)
  • Compliance with these regulations requires precise chemical analysis. (alliedacademies.org)
  • These test methods cover the chemical analysis of aluminum and aluminum-base alloys. (wje.com)
  • WJE laboratories are accredited by ANAB (ISO/IEC 17025) to perform testing standard ASTM E34 for Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base Alloys (Withdrawn 2017). (wje.com)
  • Conclusions Additional studies based on knowledge of e-cigarette user behaviours and scientifically validated aerosol generation and chemical analysis methods would be helpful in generating reliable measures of chemical quantities. (bmj.com)
  • Journal of Chemical Education. (wikipedia.org)
  • Jensen and M. Reiher, Density Matrix Renormalization Group with E cient Dynamical Electron Correlation through Range Separation, Journal of Chemical Physics, 142, (2015), 224108. (lu.se)
  • Jensen and J. Kongsted, The Multi-Conguration Self-Consistent Field Method Within a Polarizable Embedded Framework, Journal of Chemical Physics, 139, (2013), 044101. (lu.se)
  • The secret to PFAS's indestructibility lies in its chemical bonds. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Among the important criteria for selecting an antiseptic or disinfectant are the concentration of disinfectant to be used, whether the agent is bactericidal or bacteriostatic, the nature of the material to be treated, whether organic matter will be present, the temperature and pH at which the chemical agent will be used, and the time available in which the chemical agent will be left in contact with the surface tested. (cliffsnotes.com)
  • Hence, in this study, two methods of CO 2 recovery from combustion gases and CO 2 recycling in ammonia units will be used to increase urea production to realize low-carbon and industrial systems (including green agriculture). (hindawi.com)
  • In this book, the authors apply some set of fuzzy techniques to chemical industry problems such as finding the right proportion of raw mix to control pollution, to study flow rates, and to find out the better quality of products. (e-booksdirectory.com)
  • This study investigated the effect of autoclaving, boiling and roasting methods on the chemical and pasting properties of tamarind seed flour. (ajol.info)
  • In this study an electro-chemical migration method to accelerate leaching of calcium from cementitious specimens of sizes 50×100Ø and 75×50Ø mm is presented. (chalmers.se)
  • Follow-up using physical control methods can further reduce pest animal numbers and limit their capability of quickly reinvading. (qld.gov.au)
  • This control method may be most useful to remove small pest animal numbers or in areas where warren ripping or fox baiting is not practical (e.g. in inaccessible terrain or near urban areas). (qld.gov.au)
  • Although many experts recommend chemical methods of weed control, chemicals pose serious hazards to human health and the environment. (nzdl.org)
  • I artikel 1 studerades egenskaperna för en traditionell uppsättning av psykologiska test som sedan länge använts inom sjukvården för mätning av närminne, koncentrationsförmåga, med flera hjärnfunktioner, vid. (lu.se)
  • This work represents successful validations, inter- and intra-laboraty, of several animal-free test methods. (tu-darmstadt.de)
  • This will be important if the technology is to stand a chance of scaling up from lab experiments with test tubes to real-world industrial applications, as it has been the major hurdle for other methods. (sciencealert.com)
  • Level 2 laboratories test a smaller list of chemical threat agents, LRN-C methods are cus- tomizable and can be readily adapted to detect broad classifications of new and emerging threat agents. (cdc.gov)
  • This Afghanistan standard prescribes requirements, methods of sampling and tests for fortified wheat flours intended for human consumption. (who.int)