• Peptides were characterized by a combined use of MALDI- TOF/TOF and nanoESI-IT-ETD experiments to determine not only the peptide sequence but also the composition and the position of the carbohydrate moiety. (springer.com)
  • The approach combined proteins/peptides sequence information retrieved by specific enzymatic digestions (single and dual proteolytic enzymes) with protein digestibility information disclosed by means of in-vitro simulated human gastroduodenal digestion experiments. (uniba.it)
  • Here we discuss two approaches currently used to investigate the global dynamics of phosphorylation based on the isolation of phosphorylated proteins or peptides. (acs.org)
  • AD is pathologically characterized by the deposition of pathogenic Aβ peptides that are derived from larger integral membrane proteins, termed β-amyloid precursor proteins (APPs). (jneurosci.org)
  • 4. In silico prediction if the immunogenicity of selected peptides and assessing their source proteins. (helsinki.fi)
  • In silico methods were successfully used to characterize previously identified HLA-restricted peptides and one previously identified immunogenic T-cell epitope. (helsinki.fi)
  • To address these issues, we decided to use a global proteomic approach to characterize tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • The addition of an affinity tag allowed us to avoid the use of antibodies targeted toward the intracellular C-terminal tail of APP, a region to which a number of reported interacting proteins bind ( King and Turner, 2004 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Two proteins (hemagglutinin and neuraminidase) on the surface of influenza viruses contain the major antigens targeted by antibodies (see Figure 1). (cdc.gov)
  • Following influenza virus infection or receipt of a flu vaccine, the body's immune system develops antibodies that recognize and bind to "antigenic sites," which are regions found on an influenza virus' surface proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • The HI test works by measuring how well antibodies bind to the HA proteins and prevent them from "gluing" red blood cells together (i.e., hemagglutination inhibition). (cdc.gov)
  • Antibodies are heavy (~150 k Da ) proteins of about 10 nm in size, [7] arranged in three globular regions that roughly form a Y shape. (wikipedia.org)
  • The immune system makes proteins called antibodies that act as protectors if foreign cells enter the body. (kidshealth.org)
  • The isolated CTCs are then cultured in tissue culture plates pre-coated with antibodies which capture the secreted protein of interest. (medscape.com)
  • In both cases, the peptide pools were characterized by discovery analysis with liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry, and specific amino acid sequences were identified via commercial software. (uniba.it)
  • This pD dependence is due to labile protein deuterons in acidic side-chains and surface peptide groups, which exchange rapidly with water deuterons. (lu.se)
  • Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is typically characterized by significantly low number and/or defective function of T and B cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Every one of the fractions from each gradient had been collected and buy Angiotensin 1/2 (1-6) proteins concentrations had been dependant on using the DC proteins assay (for 10 min) to pellet unbroken cells, cell particles, and nuclei. (bioinf.org)
  • Scientists use a test called the hemagglutination inhibition assay (HI test) to antigenically characterize influenza viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Researchers came up with a single-cell DNA sequencing and immunophenotyping assay for identifying and characterizing AML clones that persist after treatment. (genomeweb.com)
  • Since biochemistry and genetics have not, by and large, enjoyed the same improvement of scale, public sequence repositories now predominantly contain putative protein sequences for which there is no direct experimental evidence of function. (plos.org)
  • Computational approaches attempt to leverage evidence associated with the ever-smaller fraction of experimentally analyzed proteins to predict function for these putative proteins. (plos.org)
  • Selected putative Na+ sensors will be characterized in planta, by studying their localization, activity, their interactors, and by salt response phenotyping of mutants (WP4). (europa.eu)
  • Given the global information provided by the designed proteomic approach, the in silico risk assessment not only tackled toxicity implication for celiac disease patients, but also scouted for immunogenic sequences relevant for wheat allergic patients, achieving a comprehensive characterization of the protein profile of the selected genotypes. (uniba.it)
  • Moreover, lateral motility of membrane proteins was analyzed by calculating diffusion coefficients and kymograph analysis, which represented an alternative method for examining protein motility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aβ is liberated from type I integral membrane proteins, termed β-amyloid precursor proteins (APPs), by the concerted action of β-secretase (BACE1) and γ-secretase (for review, see Selkoe, 2002 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • Researchers have shown that, under the right conditions, proteins can form tiny, current-carrying wires, for use in nanoelectronics. (materialstoday.com)
  • This is a list of topics that have, either currently or in the past, been characterized as pseudoscience by academics or researchers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Soil Virus Offers Insight into Maintaining Microorganisms Through a collaborative effort, researchers have identified a protein in soil viruses that may promote soil health. (doe.gov)
  • This database is actively maintained to provide relevant funding opportunities for alternative protein researchers around the world. (gfi.org)
  • Memory loss associated with marijuana use is caused by the drug's interference with the brain's natural protein synthesis machinery, according to a new study by European researchers. (sciencedaily.com)
  • May 17, 2022 Researchers have identified a previously unknown function for the fragile X protein, the loss of which is the leading inherited cause of intellectual disability. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using a workflow combining laser microdissection and single-cell mass spectrometry, the researchers identified more than 1,700 proteins per liver cell. (genomeweb.com)
  • Purification of APP-AT protein complexes and identification of the constituents by mass spectrometry revealed several previously reported APP-interacting proteins as well as proteins involved in synaptic maintenance. (jneurosci.org)
  • X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets and autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets are the result of mutations in PHEX (a phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X chromosome) and dentin matrix protein 1 ( DMP1 ), respectively. (medscape.com)
  • The assembly of protein complexes and compositional lipid patterning act together to endow cells with the plasticity required to maintain compositional heterogeneity with respect to individual proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gels were scanned for fluorescence representing quantities of the individual proteins from the time points. (usda.gov)
  • Of the protein content characterized, individual proteins as a percent of the total ranged from 41% (large subunit of RUBISCO) to 0.29% (Malate dehydrogenase precursor). (usda.gov)
  • The results suggest variability among individual proteins and the potention to develop alfalfa with more protein that degrades slowly in the rumen and possibly escapes degradation in the rumen. (usda.gov)
  • Morphological variation is best characterized using in vivo imaging, but more development is required for in vitro replication. (news-medical.net)
  • Using strains from our culture collection, the student will characterise (via morphological identification and genomic) the phytoplankton strains selected and assess their response to environmental stressors (example: temperature and pH changes, nutrient spiking or depletion, chemical exposure). (dal.ca)
  • CONCLUSION: Our results show that a combination of tonsillar cancer specific proteins can be used for histopathological diagnosis and may serve as a basis for discovering further biomarkers for early detection and prediction of response to treatment in the future. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Our objectives were to i) identify the major specific proteins in alfalfa, and ii) quantify the rate of ruminal degradation of those major proteins after 0, 45 and 120 min digestion in the rumen. (usda.gov)
  • Special EV surface protein patterns in serum have the potential as noninvasive biomarker candidates to distinguish several disease-related patterns ex vivo or in vivo. (nature.com)
  • To investigate the APP in vivo interactome in an unbiased manner, we generated mice that harbor a mouse prion protein promoter-driven cDNA encoding human APP-695 fused to a C-terminal affinity tag. (jneurosci.org)
  • Thus, this study demonstrates that using proteomic methods on our transgenic model can uncover important in vivo APP-interacting proteins that will provide insights into the biology of APP. (jneurosci.org)
  • Thus, this study demonstrates that our transgenic model can uncover important in vivo APP-interacting proteins that will contribute to our understanding of APP processing in in vivo settings. (jneurosci.org)
  • Although LPS is considered a weak stimulus for HBP release ex vivo, its effect on HBP release in human airways in vivo has not been characterized. (lu.se)
  • in vivo has not been characterized. (lu.se)
  • These cells expand in the periphery, causing tissue infiltration and damage due to breakdown of both central (e.g., autoimmune regulator, AIRE protein dysfunction) and peripheral (FOXP3 + deficiency) tolerance mechanisms [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • For example, Omenn syndrome, a typical case of impaired T-cell differentiation with abnormal self-reactive cells, is invariably characterized by autoimmune features such as generalized scaly exudative erythroderma, enlarged lymphoid tissues, and peripheral expansion of oligoclonal T-cells, in addition to increased susceptibility for severe infections [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • APECED is characterized by variable combinations of endocrine autoimmune diseases such as Addisonís disease, hypoparathyroidism, and type 1 diabetes. (lu.se)
  • It is characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism, growth and mental retardation with distinct phenotypic features. (who.int)
  • The recommendation system is a proof of concept based on active learning principles and includes, for a given protein, criteria including phylogenetic distribution of its protein family, biological and clinical phenotypes associated with it, the availability of protein structure data, and its sequence distance from experimentally determined proteins or from the other proteins in its family. (plos.org)
  • This set of known sequence-function relationships will ultimately serve as the basis for making predictions for similar proteins whose functions have not been experimentally determined and can be used to train other types of prediction-generating algorithms. (plos.org)
  • The in-silico part of the project will teach the student to work with NCBI, blast, and a variety of gene and protein sequence analysis server. (dal.ca)
  • Subsequent complementary in silico and biochemical approaches will characterize Na+-affinity of the candidates (WP3). (europa.eu)
  • Deciphering protein–protein interactions. (crossref.org)
  • The PM provides an environment in which macromolecules interact efficiently, including the clustering of proteins in oligomeric complexes via protein-protein or protein-lipid interactions, the docking and anchoring of protein complexes for regulatory reactions and other precisely orchestrated processes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • EVs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence nanoparticle tracking analysis, and EV surface protein profiles were analyzed by multiplex bead-based flow cytometry to identify tumor- or immune system-related EVs of AML, ALL, CLL, and healthy samples. (nature.com)
  • the tumor regressed, the cerebrospinal fluid cell count and protein levels decreased to normal levels, and hydrocephalus resolved. (nih.gov)
  • Our NK-Activity ePBMC® have been characterized for cytolytic activity against K562 tumor cells. (immunospot.com)
  • solid course="kwd-title" Keywords: breasts cancer resistance proteins, 5 em - /em fluorouracil, breasts cancer, resistance Launch Multidrug level of resistance (MDR) is normally a significant obstacle to effective cancer tumor chemotherapy, including breasts cancer. (monossabios.com)
  • Characterizing tumor cell lines. (helsinki.fi)
  • Protein markers commonly used for circulating tumor cells investigations. (medscape.com)
  • Epithelial immunospot (EPISPOT) is an antibody-based method for quantification of live CTCs by detection of CTCs which are capable of secreting proteins such as cathepsin D, MUC1 and CK19. (medscape.com)
  • We have previously shown that DNA immunization with PspA (pneumococcal surface protein A) DNA is able to elicit protection comparable to that elicited by immunization with PspA protein (with alum as adjuvant), even though the antibody levels elicited by DNA immunization are lower than those elicited by immunization with the protein. (ox.ac.uk)
  • An antibody ( Ab ), also known as an immunoglobulin ( Ig ), [1] is a large, Y-shaped protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses . (wikipedia.org)
  • After the incubation period, cells are washed out and the released protein spots are detected by the incubation with a fluorochrome-conjugated antibody and counted. (medscape.com)
  • These markers (also called antigens ) are proteins and sugars that our bodies use to identify the blood cells as belonging in us. (kidshealth.org)
  • These mechanisms include the ability of lead to inhibit or mimic the action of calcium and to interact with proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • The gradient of cell movement along the PSM parallels the fibroblast development factor (FGF)/mitogen-activated proteins kinase (MAPK) gradient 1 which Macranthoidin B includes been implicated in the control of cell motility with this cells2. (ecolowood.com)
  • We also provide guidelines for designing TX-TL experiments to characterize new genetic networks. (biorxiv.org)
  • This Perspective introduces the Minimum Information About Disorder Experiments guidelines, which provide a community consensus on the minimum information required to appropriately describe metadata on experimentally and computationally derived structural state(s) of intrinsically disordered proteins or regions. (nature.com)
  • Amino acid (Lysine/arginine/ornithine/histidine/octopine) ABC transporter periplasmic binding protein, component of Amino acid transporter, PA5152-PA5155. (lbl.gov)
  • The breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a recently characterized xenobiotic fifty percent em - /em transporter protein that acts as a power em - /em reliant efflux pump and could be from the multidrug em - /em resistant phenotype. (monossabios.com)
  • Appearance of plasma membrane ATP em - /em binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins that become efflux pushes to positively extrude drug substances from the cell is among the predominant systems of MDR (1,2). (monossabios.com)
  • Since that time, there's been a rapid upsurge in the true variety of identified ABC transporter proteins. (monossabios.com)
  • The multidrug resistance-associated proteins was the next ABC transporter proteins to be discovered (4), accompanied by other MRP family. (monossabios.com)
  • The breast cancers resistance proteins (BCRP) is normally a lately characterized xenobiotic fifty percent em - /em transporter proteins that was initially discovered in the MCF-7/AdrVp breast cancers AZD2171 cost cell line, that includes a multidrug em - /em resistant phenotype, notwithstanding the addition AZD2171 cost of a P em - /em gp-blocking agent (verapamil, Vp) (5,6). (monossabios.com)
  • Novel methods of quantitatively assessing specific interaction between insecticidal protein and midgut membrane are of interest. (yet2.com)
  • This article discusses how a combination of live-cell analysis methods deliver the required flexibility to allow these highly dynamic astrocytic models to be characterized, via quantification of their growth, motility, morphology, and functional analysis. (news-medical.net)
  • Maximizing our understanding of function over the universe of proteins in toto requires not only robust computational methods of inference but also a judicious allocation of experimental resources, focusing on proteins whose experimental characterization will maximize the number and accuracy of follow-on predictions. (plos.org)
  • This guideline applies to well-established and well-characterized biotherapeutic products such as recombinant DNA-derived therapeutic proteins. (who.int)
  • To characterize endogenous substances and activities from the Golgi organic, protein in transit were 99% cleared from rat hepatocytes through the use of cycloheximide (CHX) treatment. (bioinf.org)
  • Although the precise molecular mechanisms of these effects remain unclear, we have shown that Caskin2 interacts with several proteins known to have important roles in endothelial biology and cardiovascular disease including the serine/threonine phosphatase PP1, the endothelial receptor Tie1, and eNOS, which is a critical regulator of vascular homeostasis. (duke.edu)
  • In the new study, Esteller and his research team set out to characterize, on a molecular level, random human beings that objectively share facial features. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Optimized immune response elicited by a DNA vaccine expressing pneumococcal surface protein a is characterized by a balanced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)/IgG2a ratio and proinflammatory cytokine production. (ox.ac.uk)
  • As a way to demonstrate the utility of cell-free TX-TL, we illustrate the characterization of two genetic networks: an RNA transcriptional cascade and a protein regulated incoherent feed-forward loop. (biorxiv.org)
  • In the present investigation, an advanced proteomic approach was designed for the global characterization of the protein profile of selected tetraploid wheat genotypes (Triticum turgidum). (uniba.it)
  • The process of engineering gene networks often involves an iterative 'design-build-test' cycle, whereby the parts and connections that make up the network are built, characterized and varied until the desired network function is reached. (biorxiv.org)
  • It is linked to the TBCE gene on chromosome 1q42-43 which encodes for the tubulin-specific chaperone E protein [2-4]. (who.int)
  • The gene coding for the PRKAR1A protein is one of the causative genetic loci (type 1). (bvsalud.org)
  • The AIRE protein contains motifs suggestive of a transcription regulator and can activate transcription of a reporter gene when fused to a heterologous DNA biding domain. (lu.se)
  • In the interaction with proteins, lead binds with virtually every available functional group, including sulfhydryl, amine, phosphate, and carboxyl groups, with sulfhydryl having the highest affinity. (cdc.gov)
  • BACKGROUND: Bacterial infection causes accumulation of neutrophils that release antimicrobial proteins including heparin-binding protein (HBP). (lu.se)
  • Red blood cells have markers on their surface that characterize the cell type. (kidshealth.org)
  • Novel biomarkers of risk, such as apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 and ApoB (2), and the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and homocysteine (3-5), have been proposed. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to these factors, mass spectrometric analysis revealed the presence of NEEP21 as a novel interacting protein. (jneurosci.org)
  • This work aims at characterizing the ability of sera to bind to the pneumococcal surface and to mediate complement deposition, using BALB/c wild-type and interleukin-4 knockout mice. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Label-free optical measures of local tissue structure and biochemistry characterized morphologic and functional differences between controls and stressed constructs. (materialstoday.com)
  • RESULTS: In total, 70 proteins showed significant quantitative differences in protein expression, with 50 polypeptides accessible for identification. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Due to the moderate homogenization process buy Angiotensin 1/2 (1-6) the nuclear pellet included at least 50% from the cell proteins. (bioinf.org)
  • Here we provide an overview of a cell-free TX-TL system that utilizes the native Escherichia coli TX-TL machinery, thereby allowing a large repertoire of parts and networks to be characterized. (biorxiv.org)
  • The present study presented experimental evidence on illustrating the use of VAEM in tracking and dissecting protein dynamics, dissecting endosomal dynamics, cell structure assembly along with membrane microdomain and protein motility in intact plant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Business and dynamics of focal adhesion proteins have been well characterized in cells grown on two-dimensional (2D) cell culture surfaces. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Introduction The study of focal adhesions in the two-dimensional (2D) environment has led to an in depth understanding of their protein composition [1] structure [2] and their role in cell migration as well as mechanical sensing. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Vertebrate embryos are characterized by an elongated antero-posterior (AP) body axis which forms by progressive cell deposition from a posterior growth zone in the embryo. (ecolowood.com)
  • Dec. 22, 2020 Protein synthesis is a finely tuned process in the cell by macromolecules known as ribosomes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Hence, the applications for imaging protein localization and dynamics require high accuracy, particularly at high spatio-temporal level. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We provided experimental data for the applications of Variable-Angle Epifluorescence Microscopy (VAEM) in dissecting protein dynamics in plant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However immuno-staining prevents investigations to probe protein dynamics and suffers from possible artifacts due to sample fixation. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Due to the longer acquisition time required for 3D imaging protein dynamics that occur in short timescales cannot be detected. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • Besides direct overlap of dual-color fluorescence signals, the co-localization analysis was carried out quantitatively in combination with the methodology for calculating puncta distance and protein proximity index. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Alfalfa has one of the highest crude protein contents among forages, but the crude protein is rapidly and extensively degraded in the rumen. (usda.gov)
  • A quantitative justification hydrogen isotopes 1H and 2H in aqueous protein of this point of view, however, has not been solutions has been used extensively during the past presented. (lu.se)
  • Using this tag, we prepared mild detergent lysates from transgenic mouse brain cortical membrane preparations and isolated a number of previously identified APP-interacting proteins. (jneurosci.org)
  • Our recent extensive analysis of three cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) revealed intriguing genetic defects in the persisting measles virus (MV): the fusion (F) genes encoded truncated cytoplasmic F protein domains (Cattaneo et al. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We therefore postulate that although both DNA and recombinant protein immunizations are able to protect mice against intraperitoneal pneumococcal challenge, an optimized response would be achieved by using a DNA vaccine and other strategies capable of inducing balanced Th1/Th2 responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Significant variation for rate of protein degradation was observed for germplasm source and for proteins after 45 and 120 m (P=0.003). (usda.gov)
  • Streamlining Regulon Identification in Bacteria Regulons are a group of genes that can be turned on or off by the same regulatory protein. (doe.gov)
  • COMBREX ( COM putational BR idges to EX periments, http://combrex.bu.edu ) is an NIH-funded enterprise that has brought computational and experimental biologists together, with the goal of greatly improving our overall understanding of microbial protein function [1] , [2] . (plos.org)
  • The above image shows the different features of an influenza virus, including the main surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). (cdc.gov)
  • Of those 50 polypeptides, we were able to identify a total of 27 proteins and protein isoforms, significantly up- or down-regulated in tonsillar cancer samples. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • How disordered is my protein and what is its disorder for? (crossref.org)
  • they seem to represent less disorder than was previously assumed in synthetic protein studies. (lu.se)
  • In all cases at least part of the clones showed mutations leading to F protein truncations, elongation, or nonconservative amino acid replacements. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The digestion rate for some proteins differed (P=0.05) among plants. (usda.gov)
  • The rate of digestion differed for two and 10 proteins among genotypes after 45 and 120 m, respectively. (usda.gov)
  • Using sFCS we found higher percentage of slow diffusing proteins at these focal spots suggesting assembling/disassembling processes. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • After the incubation period, the cells are removed and secreted protein 'spots' are detected by immunological techniques and counted, where each spot corresponds to 1 live CTC (Figure 4). (medscape.com)