Cortactin (from "cortical actin binding protein") is a monomeric protein located in the cytoplasm of cells that can be activated by external stimuli to promote polymerization and rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton, especially the actin cortex around the cellular periphery. (wikipedia.org)
Once activated in this way, it can bind to filamentous actin (F-actin) with the fourth of its cortactin repeats. (wikipedia.org)
As the concentration of phosphorylated cortactin increases in specific regions within the cell, the monomers each begin to recruit an Arp2/3 complex to F-actin. (wikipedia.org)
Cortactin-assisted Arp2/3-nucleated actin branches are most prominent in the actin cortex, around the periphery of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
A phosphorylated cortactin monomer binds to, activates, and stabilizes an Arp2/3 complex on preexisting F-actin, which provides a nucleation site for a new actin branch to form from the "mother" filament. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, polymerization and branching of actin is promoted in areas of the cell where cortactin is localized. (wikipedia.org)
Cortactin is very active in lamellipodia, protrusions of the cell membrane formed by actin polymerization and treadmilling that propel the cell along a surface as it migrates towards some target. (wikipedia.org)
When a receptor tyrosine kinase on the cell membrane binds to an adhesion site, for example, cortactin will be phosphorylated locally to the area of binding, activate and recruit Arp2/3 to the actin cortex in that region, and thus stimulate cortical actin polymerization and movement of the cell in that direction. (wikipedia.org)
Since cortactin recruits the Arp2/3 complexes that lead to actin polymerization, this suggests that it may play an important part in linking vesicle formation to the as yet unknown functions actin has in endocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
Cortactin, an actin binding protein, has been associated with Sertoli cell ectoplasmic specializations in vivo , based on its immunolocalization around the heads of elongated spermatids, but not previously identified in isolated Sertoli cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In the presence of cytochalasin D, cortactin immunostaining was punctate and distributed in a pattern similar to that reported for actin in cells exposed to cytochalasin D. Sertoli cells not exposed to FSH, but activated with beads, did not show cortactin immunostaining around the phagocytized beads at any of the time periods. (biomedcentral.com)
Results of this study suggest cortactin is not associated with peripheralized actin at junctional or phagocytic sites. (biomedcentral.com)
Cortactin is recruited to the actin-rich membrane ruffles of the entry structure of Shigella flexneri when invading HeLa cells and is also found in the periphery of the phagosome shortly after internalization [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Double-labeling experiments in HeLa cells invaded with S. flexneri showed a near perfect co-localization of cortactin with actin in the entry structure and at the periphery of the phagosome [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The C-terminus SH3-binding domain of Kv1.3 is required for the actin-mediated immobilization of the channel via cortactin. (uc.edu)
The latter is dependent on a reorganization of the host cytoskeleton (actin/cortactin recruitment), whilst active penetration does not rely on the host's cellular machinery. (fapesp.br)
Orrico A, Galli L, Cavaliere ML, Garavelli L, Fryns JP, Crushell E, Rinaldi MM, Medeira A, Sorrentino V. Phenotypic and molecular characterisation of the Aarskog-Scott syndrome: a survey of the clinical variability in light of FGD1 mutation analysis in 46 patients. (medlineplus.gov)
In vitro work aims at a full characterization of the molecular composition of podosomes and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in their assembly and disassembly in both microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells. (u-bordeaux.fr)
Molecular characterization and comparison of the components and multiprotein complexes in the postsynaptic proteome. (nature.com)
Proteins1
EVs marker proteins Alix and Tsg101 and cortactin are the binding partners of adaptor protein Ruk/CIN85. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
ABIN28546741
Spatial analysis of murine frozen coronal olfactory bulb section with cortactin antibody ABIN2854674. (abocdn.com)
Cortactin is activated via phosphorylation, by tyrosine kinases or serine/threonine kinases, in response to extracellular signals like growth factors, adhesion sites, or pathogenic invasion of the epithelial layer. (wikipedia.org)
Certain serine/threonine kinases, such as ERK, can phosphorylate cortactin on Ser405 and Ser418 in the SH3 domain. (wikipedia.org)
The ability of these other NPFs to bind the Arp2/3 complex while cortactin is also bound could come from new interactions with cortactin's SH3 domain, which is in a different conformation when phosphorylated by Ser/Thr kinases and thus may be more open to interactions with other NPFs. (wikipedia.org)
thus, cortactin must also be activated by receptor kinases that pick up a large variety of chemical signals. (wikipedia.org)
Cytoplasm3
Inactive cortactin diffuses throughout the cytoplasm, but upon phosphorylation, the protein begins to target certain areas in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Cells exposed to no hormone and no beads appeared to have a ubiquitous distribution of cortactin throughout the cytoplasm. (biomedcentral.com)
Cortactin immunostaining was diffuse throughout the Sertoli cell cytoplasm when incubated without beads (Fig. 1A ). (biomedcentral.com)
Clone1
Cortactin was identified by standard immunostaining with anti-cortactin, clone 4F11 (Upstate) after incubation times of 15 min, 2 hr, and 24 hr with or without beads. (biomedcentral.com)
Vitro2
In an in vitro model of Sertoli cell-spermatid binding, cortactin was identified around debris and dead germ cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The current study examined the role of cortactin relative to the cell's phagocytic function in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
Active1
The purpose of this study was to identify the presence and distribution of cortactin in isolated rat Sertoli cells active in phagocytic activity following the addition of 0.8 μm latex beads. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies2
Studies have implicated cortactin in both clathrin-mediated endocytosis and clathrin-independent endocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
Carrier-protein conjugated synthetic peptide encompassing a sequence within the N-terminus region of human Cortactin. (antikoerper-online.de)
Domain1
Recently, however, it has been found that dynamin, the protein responsible for breaking the newly formed vesicular bud off the inside of the plasma membrane, can associate with the SH3 domain of cortactin. (wikipedia.org)
Cell2
Fgd1, the Cdc42 GEF responsible for Faciogenital Dysplasia, directly interacts with cortactin and mAbp1 to modulate cell shape. (medlineplus.gov)
Although the presence of cortactin in Sertoli cells has been addressed relative to its role in cell-cell adhesion [ 18 ], its role in phagocytosis has not yet been investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Structure1
This basic structure is highly conserved among all species that express cortactin. (wikipedia.org)
Phosphorylation5
Cortactin is activated via phosphorylation, by tyrosine kinases or serine/threonine kinases, in response to extracellular signals like growth factors, adhesion sites, or pathogenic invasion of the epithelial layer. (wikipedia.org)
Inactive cortactin diffuses throughout the cytoplasm, but upon phosphorylation, the protein begins to target certain areas in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
37. Signaling pathways and structural domains required for phosphorylation of EMS1/cortactin. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, the incubation of CLL cells with the Src-kinase inhibitor PP2 decreased phosphorylation of Cortactin at Tyr421 thus reducing the release of MMP-9 in culture medium. (vimm.it)
Fgd1, the Cdc42 GEF responsible for Faciogenital Dysplasia, directly interacts with cortactin and mAbp1 to modulate cell shape. (medlineplus.gov)
Invadopodia formation1
33. Dissecting the functional domain requirements of cortactin in invadopodia formation. (nih.gov)
Substrate1
[ 31 ] Eight proteins were identified as differentially up- or downregulated following antibody addition, including the Src substrate cortactin and aldose reductase (AR). (medscape.com)
Arp22
The ability of these other NPFs to bind the Arp2/3 complex while cortactin is also bound could come from new interactions with cortactin's SH3 domain, which is in a different conformation when phosphorylated by Ser/Thr kinases and thus may be more open to interactions with other NPFs. (wikipedia.org)
Having other NPFs bind to the Arp2/3 complex at the same time as cortactin may enhance nucleation site stability. (wikipedia.org)
Kinase1
Cortactin is a scaffold protein phosphorylated by Src kinase [ 39 ] and the inhibition of AR results in reduced platelet aggregation. (medscape.com)
Inhibit1
cortactin has been shown to inhibit debranching. (wikipedia.org)
Adhesion1
40. Cortactin underpins CD44-promoted invasion and adhesion of breast cancer cells to bone marrow endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
Functional2
The development and rigorous characterization of fully functional, fluorescently labeled versions of profilin will be useful to cell biologists and biochemists who study the cytoskeleton. (elifesciences.org)
Basing on our previous work on Cortactin (Gattazzo C, Haematologica 2014) we are now aimed at better defining the functional role of Cortactin in CLL. (vimm.it)
Protein1
Recently, however, it has been found that dynamin, the protein responsible for breaking the newly formed vesicular bud off the inside of the plasma membrane, can associate with the SH3 domain of cortactin. (wikipedia.org)
Lamellipodial2
Cortactin acts as a link between extracellular signals and lamellipodial "steering. (wikipedia.org)
30. Cortactin promotes cell motility by enhancing lamellipodial persistence. (nih.gov)
Gene2
21. Overexpression of cyclin D1 and cortactin is primarily independent of gene amplification in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. (nih.gov)
22. Characterization of the EMS1 gene and its product, human Cortactin. (nih.gov)
Invasion1
Phosphorylated Cortactin at Tyr421 is required for tumor cell motility and invasion. (vimm.it)
Cells1
We demonstrated that Cortactin is expressed at different degree in CLL patients (Figure 1) and this expression correlates with the release of MMP-9 and with the motility of neoplastic cells by a direct interaction. (vimm.it)