AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceNamed Groups
ViremiaViral LoadSimian Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeSimian immunodeficiency virusMacaca mulattaHIV InfectionsHIV-1RNA, ViralAntibodies, ViralVirus ReplicationCytomegalovirus InfectionsBK VirusCD4 Lymphocyte CountAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveDNA, ViralAnti-HIV AgentsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesViral VaccinesPolyomavirus InfectionsSAIDS VaccinesDengue VirusFlaviviridae InfectionsDengueHepatitis CGB virus CAntiviral AgentsCytomegalovirusCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesHIVVirus SheddingDNA Virus InfectionsNeutralization TestsHepacivirusPorcine Reproductive and Respiratory SyndromeAntibodies, NeutralizingWest Nile FeverWest Nile virusPolymerase Chain ReactionOrganophosphonatesHepatitis, Viral, HumanAIDS VaccinesCircoviridae InfectionsHIV AntibodiesPorcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virusMacaca nemestrinaVaccines, AttenuatedHepatitis C AntibodiesGene Products, envAntigens, ViralTime FactorsMacacaYellow fever virusTorque teno virusAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAnti-Retroviral AgentsGene Products, gagDisease Models, AnimalHepatitis, Viral, AnimalAlphavirus InfectionsWest Nile Virus VaccinesPlasmaHIV Long-Term SurvivorsCircovirusMolecular Sequence DataDrug Resistance, ViralHepatitis AntibodiesFlaviviridaeDengue VaccinesYellow Fever VaccineLeukocytes, Mononuclear
OutcomesInfectionViral loadOutcomeDetectionPersistentAsymptomaticRecipientsSymptomsHepatitisSystemicPatientsTransientOccurFetalViruriaLatentAcuteAntivirals2019ImplicationsReservoirChronicIllnessPresentationsImmunologicTransmissionBaselineDiseaseDaysSecondaryManifestationsCliniciansPatientInflammatoryVirusEndpointsRiskTreatment
Outcomes11
  • Predicting clinical and histologic outcomes based on standard laboratory tests in advanced chronic hepatitis C. (nih.gov)
  • Whether prolonged maternal viremia after Zika virus infection represents a risk factor for maternal-fetal transmission and subsequent adverse outcomes remains unclear. (cdc.gov)
  • Whether prolonged viremia after ZIKV infection in pregnant women represents a risk factor for maternal-fetal transmission, congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), or other adverse outcomes is on ongoing controversy ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In other reports, however, prolonged maternal viremia has been described in pregnant women with both normal and adverse fetal outcomes ( 6 - 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In a cohort of pregnant women exposed to ZIKV in French Guiana, we investigated the impact of prolonged viremia on fetal and neonatal adverse outcomes (fetal loss or neurologic anomalies) compared with infected pregnant women without prolonged viremia and noninfected pregnant women. (cdc.gov)
  • In this retrospective study from 2021 , the authors investigated the clinical characteristics, pathological findings, and outcomes of BK viremia and nephropathy in non-renal solid organ transplant patients (NRSOT) who sought nephrology consultation over a five-year period. (nephronpower.com)
  • The human apolipoprotein E4 allele may be associated with risk of more severe COVID-19 infection and clinical outcomes compared to the E3 allele. (taconic.com)
  • Clinical Outcomes and Quantitative HBV Surface Antigen Levels in Diverse Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in Canada: A Retrospective Real-World Study of CHB in Canada (REVEAL-CANADA). (canadianhbvnetwork.ca)
  • Dengue virus infection results in a broad spectrum of clinical outcomes, ranging from asymptomatic infection through to severe dengue. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For AYA with HIV who are at risk for poor clinical outcomes, it is critically important to assess the behavioral and psychosocial context, and their ability to adhere to ART. (hiv.gov)
  • Without having their specific challenges and needs addressed, AYA with HIV remain at risk for poorer HIV-related outcomes, including persistent viremia, drug resistance, morbidity, mortality, and secondary transmission. (hiv.gov)
Infection17
  • Herpangina is one of many manifestations of enterovirus infection and can occur in association with enteroviral exanthem, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, and other clinical syndromes. (medscape.com)
  • Viremia occurs after inoculation and subsequently results in distant sites of infection. (medscape.com)
  • After clinical symptoms have resolved, asymptomatic enteroviral infection may persist in the gastrointestinal tract. (medscape.com)
  • A slight fever and a mild leukopenia may be seen with a short-lived viremia, detectable between days 4-11 post infection, at which point the virus is neutralized by the animal's immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sustained disappearance of hepatitis C viremia in patients receiving protease inhibitor treatment for human immunodeficiency virus infection. (nih.gov)
  • A human challenge model of dengue infection - rather than illness - is an important characteristic, explained Anna Durbin, M.D., who led the clinical trial at Johns Hopkins. (nih.gov)
  • The reliably high percentage of those who develop viremia following exposure to this challenge virus is another advantage-when most or all volunteers develop viremia or other signs of infection, clinical trials can enroll relatively small numbers of people but still achieve answers to such questions as whether a candidate vaccine protects against infection, she noted. (nih.gov)
  • haemodialysis (HD), dysfunction of the The purpose of the present study was to host defences against infection has major assess the changes in serum levels of the clinical and socioeconomic implications. (who.int)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Use of oral prednisolone during the early acute phase of dengue infection was not associated with prolongation of viremia or other adverse effects. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This document was developed by the AABB Clinical Transfusion Medicine Committee to provide information regarding Ebola virus disease (EVD) and precautions to be taken to control infection when collecting and handling blood specimens. (aabb.org)
  • 1,2 Mouse ACE2 is sufficiently different from human ACE2 to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2, meaning that wild type mice cannot be infected using clinical virus isolates. (taconic.com)
  • HAdV infection was defined as a positive HAdV PCR from a clinical specimen. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
  • Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hepatitis D virus infection in Canada , JHEP Reports, 2022. (canadianhbvnetwork.ca)
  • Epidemiologic and Clinical Features of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in 8 Canadian provinces: a Descriptive Study by The Canadian HBV Network , CMAJ Open, vol. 7, no. 4, p E610-E617. (canadianhbvnetwork.ca)
  • Changes in Clinical Context for Kaposi's Sarcoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Among People With HIV Infection in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • Detection of antigens can be used to diagnose an early infection, while viraemia present during the acute phase requires use of DENV-1-4 real-time RT-PCR plus IgM ELISA or NS1 antigen ELISA. (who-healthtechnologies.org)
  • We aimed to investigate the clinical course of HBV infection and IBD and to analyze liver dysfunction risks in patients undergoing anti-TNF-α therapy. (gutnliver.org)
Viral load4
  • [ 9 , 12 ] In acutely ill HIV-infected patients, detection of CMV viral load by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was found to be a poor predictor of CMV end-organ disease: 43.5% of the patients presented with positive viraemia, but only 7.4% had end-organ CMV disease. (medscape.com)
  • 10. Clinical characteristics, outcome and the role of viral load in nontransplant patients with Epstein-Barr viraemia. (nih.gov)
  • Although this series was small, the prospective observations suggest that viral load was the only characteristic in the recipient that contributed to heterosexual infectiousness. (nih.gov)
  • Among liver, heart, and lung transplant recipients referred to Nephrology, 14% were diagnosed with BK viremia, with a median peak serum BK viral load of 35,500 copies/ml (ranging from 250 to 21,100,000 copies/ml). (nephronpower.com)
Outcome2
  • Coinfection of EBV and CMV in COVID-19 Egyptian has no effect on the disease severity or the clinical outcome of the disease. (springeropen.com)
  • Disease condition and impact on patients: Dengue fever occurs in a broad spectrum of clinical presentations, often with unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome. (who-healthtechnologies.org)
Detection6
  • To achieve these results, Georgia implemented HCV core antigen (HCVcAg) testing, utilization of point-of-care HCV RNA, and simplification of HCV viremia detection by qualitative HCV RNA. (cdc.gov)
  • This study compared HCV RNA with HCVcAg for the detection and quantification of viraemia among a sample of Egyptians. (who.int)
  • Model Structure * * ABSTRACT: Although potent combination therapy is usually able * to suppress plasma viral loads in HIV-1 patients to below the * detection limit of conventional clinical assays, a low level * of viremia frequently can be detected in plasma by more sensitive * assays. (nih.gov)
  • Additionally, many patients experience transient episodes * of viremia above the detection limit, termed viral blips, even * after being on highly suppressive therapy for many years. (nih.gov)
  • Additionally, four patients experienced rejection of their solid organ transplant within the first year following the detection of BK viremia after reducing immunosuppressive treatments. (nephronpower.com)
  • Efficient, accurate diagnosis of dengue is of primary importance for clinical care (for early detection of severe cases, case confirmation and differential diagnosis from other infectious diseases), surveillance, outbreak control, pathogenesis, academic research, vaccine development and clinical trials. (who-healthtechnologies.org)
Persistent2
  • We demonstrate that programmed * expansion and contraction of latently infected cells upon immune * activation can generate both low-level persistent viremia and * intermittent viral blips. (nih.gov)
  • The model is simple but can robustly generate * the multiphasic viral decline seen after initiation of therapy, * as well as low-level persistent viremia and intermittent HIV-1 * blips. (nih.gov)
Asymptomatic2
  • In this study, the clinical significance of HBV genotypes, core promoter and precore mutations, possible routes of introduction of HBV genotype C in eastern India, the clinical implications of x gene variability, prevalence of the AFB 1 induced p53 gene codon 249 mutation, the transmission potentiality of HBV among asymptomatic/inactive or occult HBV carriers and the genetic variability of HBV persisting in the PBL was investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Asymptomatic viremia is not known to occur and travelers from epidemic foci are deferred under current malaria screening guidance for US blood donors, so the likelihood of blood donation by viremic individuals is considered negligible. (aabb.org)
Recipients2
  • In previous human challenge trials with this modified virus, Dr. Whitehead and his coinvestigators established the virus dose that would cause all recipients to develop viremia - the presence of virus in the blood - and most to develop a mild rash. (nih.gov)
  • Aside from a trend toward hyperglycemia in the steroid recipients, we found no association between treatment allocation and any of the predefined clinical, hematological, or virological endpoints. (ox.ac.uk)
Symptoms3
  • Viral replication at these secondary sites leads to characteristic clinical symptoms and oropharyngeal lesions. (medscape.com)
  • Resolution of symptoms and HAdV viremia was seen at a mean of 21.5 days (range 15-32) of therapy. (atcmeetingabstracts.com)
  • Viremia with systemic dissemination then occurs and involves the reticuloendothelial system, which leads to further replication in other anatomic locations and organs and ultimately to development of symptoms. (medscape.com)
Hepatitis5
  • The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors on hepatitis C (HCV) viremia was assessed in 19 patients infected with both HIV and HCV. (nih.gov)
  • Characteristics of US-Born Versus Foreign-Born Americans of African Descent With Chronic Hepatitis B. (nih.gov)
  • Rapid decrease in hepatitis C viremia by direct acting antivirals improves the natural killer cell response to IFNα. (nih.gov)
  • Severe hepatic steatosis is associated with low level viremia and advanced fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients in North America , Gastro Hep Advances, 2021. (canadianhbvnetwork.ca)
  • Little is known about the clinical course of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients undergoing anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (gutnliver.org)
Systemic1
Patients18
  • Nevertheless, CMV viraemia is often detected in patients with low CD4 cell counts who do not develop CMV disease after starting HAART. (medscape.com)
  • With this increased sensitivity we have often found CMV viraemia in HIV-infected patients, sometimes with elevated, albeit fluctuating CMV DNA levels, but without any evidence (in cultures or biopsies) of CMV end-organ disease. (medscape.com)
  • In this study, using a large cohort of 1,759 patients infected with HCV genotype 3, we explore the role of genetic variants on the response to interferon (IFN) and direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens and viremia in a combined candidate gene and genome-wide analysis. (nih.gov)
  • Les IFN et les IL-10 étaient signi cativement élevés chez ceux qui présentaient une néphropathie diabétique (ND) et une maladie rénale en phase terminale (MRPT) par rapport aux témoins et aux patients diabétiques sans ND. (who.int)
  • Notably, BK viremia resolved in six out of seventeen patients (35%), but four out of five biopsied patients exhibited BK virus (BKV) nephropathy. (nephronpower.com)
  • Furthermore, eleven out of the seventeen patients with BK viremia progressed to advanced stages (stage 4 or 5) of chronic kidney disease. (nephronpower.com)
  • In a meta-analysis evaluating the frequency and risk factors for BK viruria and viremia in NRSOT patients, Viswesh et al found a relatively high rate of viruria (8%-52%) but infrequent progression to viremia (3%-7%) and BKV nephropathy (1 biopsy-proven case in an heart transplant recipient). (nephronpower.com)
  • Among those NRSOT patients who did have progression to viremia and BKV nephropathy, heart transplants patients represented the majority of cases. (nephronpower.com)
  • A large prospective observational multicentre study was designed a) to differentiate between dengue and other common febrile illnesses within 72 hours of fever onset, and b) among patients subsequently confirmed to have dengue, to identify markers that are predictive of likely evolution to a more severe disease course (Jaenisch T et al: Clinical evaluation of risk factors for severe disease: protocol for a multicentre study in 8 countries. (europa.eu)
  • Well-designed clinical trials are needed to determine the overall safety and efficacy of the Seraph-100 Microbind Affinity Blood Filter in COVID-19 patients. (karger.com)
  • Distinguishing patients with SBIs from those with self-limited viral infections or non-infectious illnesses is often challenging due to non-specific clinical findings and laboratory parameters [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All patients were subjected to medical history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, high-resolution computed tomography chest (HRCT chest). (springeropen.com)
  • While most patients recover after a self-limiting, non-severe clinical course, a small proportion progress to severe disease, characterized mainly by plasma leakage with or without haemorrhage. (who-healthtechnologies.org)
  • The characteristics of patients with dengue that progresses from non-severe to severe are difficult to define. (who-healthtechnologies.org)
  • Neither clinical features nor methylation profiling were able to distinguish patients with somatic CBL mutations from those with germline CBL mutations, highlighting the need for germline testing. (haematologica.org)
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) is mainly due to an increase of latent viremia in previously exposed patients. (mdpi.com)
  • 8 They generally follow a clinical course similar to that of adults, and the Adult and Adolescent Antiretroviral Guidelines should be consulted for treatment recommendations for these patients. (hiv.gov)
  • While there is no Ebola virus-specific therapy proven to be effective in clinical trials, mortality has been dramatically lower among EVD patients managed with supportive intensive care in highly resourced settings, allowing for the avoidance of hypovolemia, correction of electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities, and the provision of oxygen, ventilation, vasopressors, and dialysis when indicated. (biomedcentral.com)
Transient1
  • Individual plasma HIV-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) loads were stable during observation, and sexual transmission was not attributable to an upward trend or transient burst in viremia. (nih.gov)
Occur3
  • they suggested that prolonged viremia might occur as a consequence of viral replication in the fetus or placenta and might be correlated with CZS. (cdc.gov)
  • These problems occur as plasma viremia is resolving and are thought to be immunologically mediated. (ox.ac.uk)
  • What's even more disturbing is that strokes can occur late, even in younger people who have had a relatively mild, primary clinical course and seem to be well on the way to recovery. (edu.au)
Fetal1
  • 5] A Taiwanese population-based study of 242 pregnant women with herpangina found an associated 2.29-fold greater risk for low birth weight, 1.67-fold greater risk for preterm delivery, and 1.63-fold greater risk for small-for-gestational-age infants, after adjustment for income, maternal, and fetal characteristics. (medscape.com)
Viruria1
  • Therefore, the dose of immunosuppressants was reduced, resulting in improved BKPyV viremia, but viruria persisted. (biomedcentral.com)
Latent2
  • Given that the latent HIV reservoir is inherently heterogeneous, dissection of single-cell characteristics is required to comprehensively define parameters for HIV latency, reactivation, and elimination. (nih.gov)
  • By this means, occasional activation of * latently infected cells can explain the variable decay characteristics * of the latent reservoir observed in different clinical studies. (nih.gov)
Acute2
  • There is established evidence of COVID-19 blood viremia, a viral pathogenic cycle via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) receptors and similar blood transmission risk data from the SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)/MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) era. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • As for other Aedes-borne arboviruses, viraemia is present during the acute phase, and 90% of cases of primary and secondary dengue fever can be identified accurately from a single serum specimen collected during the first 10 days of illness, with DENV-1-4 real-time RT-PCR plus IgM ELISA or NS1 antigen ELISA (2, 3). (who-healthtechnologies.org)
Antivirals1
  • Traditional approach to CMV reactivation post allo-HSCT was a pre-emptive treatment with antivirals in the case of increased viremia. (mdpi.com)
20193
  • Coronavirus Disease 2019 Transmission: Blood Viremia and Aerosol Generation from Spinal Surgery. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • We reviewed the available evidence to ascertain the presence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) blood viremia and the virus' blood transmissibility, as well as evidence of blood-aerosol generation and operating room contamination from spinal surgical procedures. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • In December 2019, a series of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology emerged in the Hubei province of China, with clinical presentations greatly resembling that of viral pneumonia. (asianspinejournal.org)
Implications1
Reservoir1
  • These combinatorial approaches will enable highly innovative basic HIV research to characterize pathways, factors, and biomarkers involved in HIV persistence, latency, latency reversal, killing of reservoir cells, viral recrudescence or rebound, and control of viremia. (nih.gov)
Chronic1
  • Airway mucus overproduction is definitely a common characteristic of lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis COPD and asthma. (biongenex.com)
Illness2
  • 2, 3] Enterovirus 71 has emerged as an important public problem, causing severe clinical illness, encephalomyelitis, and potentially death in young children. (medscape.com)
  • This is an important concern, as appropriate treatment may prevent more severe clinical illness. (who-healthtechnologies.org)
Presentations1
  • Dr. Hillier noted that the presentations would focus on basic and clinical science related to HIV reservoirs. (nih.gov)
Immunologic1
  • AYA with HIV represent a diverse population in terms of socio-demographics, mode of HIV acquisition, sexual and substance use history, clinical and immunologic status, psychosocial development, and ability to adhere to medications. (hiv.gov)
Transmission2
  • The recipient's clinical status, mononuclear cell subset variations, and time trend in CD4+ counts had no association with transmission. (nih.gov)
  • 2 The precautions are based on the known transmission characteristics of the pathogen. (aabb.org)
Baseline1
  • Baseline characteristics were similar across the groups. (ox.ac.uk)
Disease8
  • While border disease is caused by border disease virus, in areas of the world where close contact between sheep and goats and cattle occurs, similar clinical signs may be caused in sheep and goats by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis is made through observation of clinical signs, presence of disease in the area, and confirmation made by serology: ELISA for virus antigen Smith, Donald B. (wikipedia.org)
  • I am Marcy Friedman and I'm representing the Clinical Outreach and Communication Activity, COCA, with the Emergency Risk Communication Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • The research activities in the IDAMS project respond to the need of new tools in both clinical research, biological sciences as well as population research and disease control. (europa.eu)
  • However, it also has potential utility in clinical practice, especially early in the disease evolution when knowledge of the immune status of a confirmed dengue case could help clinicians decide on the need for hospitalisation or frequency of follow-up, and might improve the performance of risk prediction algorithms for severe disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vesicles, pustules, and characteristic "punched-out" erosions with hemorrhagic crust appear superimposed on areas of preexisting skin disease. (logicalimages.com)
  • We previously reported over the incident of OCI within a people unselected for hepatic disease: in an example of 276 evidently healthy Italian topics who were detrimental for serological markers of HCV and viraemia some 3% harboured HCV-RNA within their PBMCs [8]. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
  • however under conditions of controlled HIV viremia the disease may persist RACGAP1 in reservoirs leading to low levels of viral RNA and/or proteins [7]. (biongenex.com)
Days2
  • For both groups, primary viremia (indicated by viral DNA) was seen on days 6-9 through day 17. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition to recognized complications of dengue, we focused on the are under the curve for serial plasma viremia measurements and the number of days after enrollment to negative viremia and dengue nonstructural protein 1 status. (ox.ac.uk)
Secondary1
  • This finding might be due to the proposed "double-hit" hypothesis, which suggests that the cumulative insult of immunosuppression and renal hypoperfusion secondary to cardiac allograft dysfunction causes clinical progression to BKV nephropathy. (nephronpower.com)
Manifestations1
  • Clinical manifestations may vary, depending on the strain of the virus. (medscape.com)
Clinicians1
  • The objectives are to facilitate interdisciplinary research among bioinformaticians, bioengineers, HIV basic scientists, and HIV clinicians with access to relevant clinical specimens. (nih.gov)
Patient2
  • Additionally, individual cases of BKV nephropathy were described in various other clinical settings, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Hyper IgM immunodeficiency syndrome, pulmonary tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, prostate cancer, and an immunocompromised patient with an unclear medical history. (nephronpower.com)
  • Patient characteristics are summarized in Table 1 . (karger.com)
Inflammatory1
  • As such there is no inflammatory response, but the characteristic 'hairy shaker' changes are still present. (wikipedia.org)
Virus3
  • A clinical trial in which volunteers were infected with dengue virus six months after receiving either an experimental dengue vaccine developed by scientists from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) or a placebo injection yielded starkly contrasting results. (nih.gov)
  • RÉSUMÉ L'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) est répandue en Égypte. (who.int)
  • Human parvovirus B19 (Parvoviridae family) is a DNA virus that causes viremia and replicates exclusively in erythroid progenitor cells. (empendium.com)
Endpoints1
  • Intention-to-treat analysis was performed using linear trend tests with a range of clinical and virological endpoints specified in advance. (ox.ac.uk)
Risk2
  • The key areas of research were i) improving diagnosis and clinical management of dengue, and ii) assessing the risk of dengue spread and developing effective and affordable early warning and outbreak response systems. (europa.eu)
  • The IRB at one site (Emory University, IRB00096348) provided waiver of informed consent for clinical investigations involving no more than minimal risk to human subjects ( https://www.fda.gov/media/106597/download ). (biomedcentral.com)
Treatment1
  • In Nigeria, the integrated near-point-of-care testing approach in Nasarawa state has been effective in expanding access to HCV viremia testing and enabling the possibility of same-day testing and treatment initiation. (cdc.gov)