• We first present a minimal, isopotential spiking model neuron with transient and persistent sodium, delayed-rectifier, and A-type potassium channels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The delayed rectifier potassium conductance in the sarcolemma and the transverse tubular system membranes of mammalian skeletal muscle fibers. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • The Salkoff lab then showed that all families were conserved in mammals and were independent current systems (that did not form heteromultimers between families One or more of these genes expressing voltage-dependent potassium currents are expressed in virtually all vertebrate and invertebrate neurons. (wikipedia.org)
  • This model allows us to investigate the contributions of the two major types of A-type currents Shal and Shaker that are different in spatial expression over the neuron and in terms of electrophysiological and activity-related characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This technique was then used to show that the Drosophila Shaker gene was the structural gene for a potassium channel, a claim which was based on several genetic criteria and confirmed by biophysical analysis of the expected ion channel current phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
  • These studies validated the Shaker gene as the structural locus of a potassium channel and guided a chromosomal "walking" strategy to the physical location of the Shaker locus. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study showing the location of the Shaker gene on the physical chromosome map facilitated the cloning of the Shaker potassium channel. (wikipedia.org)
  • Salkoff's laboratory used the Shaker cDNA as a stepping stone [using the technique of low stringency hybridization] with which to clone and functionally characterize the extended gene family of voltage-dependent potassium channels which in addition to Shaker, was designated Shab (Kv2), Shaw (Kv3) and Shal (Kv4). (wikipedia.org)
  • We assessed the effect of the mutations on channel gating by measuring steady-state voltage-dependent activation and inactivation properties: no significant alterations were detected in p.G345V and p.S347W disease-associated variants, compared to controls. (bvsalud.org)
  • Overall, this neuron model will enable us to investigate the effect Na channel splice variants by varying half-activation and inactivation voltages and ratio of a persistent component. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lin WH, Wright DE, Muraro NI, Baines RA: Alternative Splicing in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel DmNa(v) Regulates Activation, Inactivation, and Persistent Current. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Homotetrameric channels display rapid activation and slow inactivation (PubMed:2347305). (nih.gov)
  • Salkoff's career began in 1978 before much detail was known about ion channel structure using Drosophila as a model system. (wikipedia.org)
  • It also had the effect of directing great attention to Drosophila as a model system combining molecular genetics with biophysical tools and enabled the study of ion channel biology using a comprehensive approach not possible in other systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • An important open question is the functional effect of channel splice variants that has recently been found in Drosophila neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous literature on Drosophila ion channel parameters are highly variable. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By targeted NGS sequencing, we identified two novel KCND3 missense variants of the KV4.3 channel: p.S347W identified in a patient with adult-onset pure cerebellar syndrome and p.W359G detected in a child with congenital nonprogressive ataxia. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2. Gain-of-function mutant (Sh5) (which changed the inactivation kinetics of the current, 3. (wikipedia.org)
  • We show how the Shal channel properties change between the larval stages of 1st and 3rd instar, and we show the effect of this change on neuronal activity characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • channel properties depend on the type of alpha subunits that are part of the channel (By similarity). (nih.gov)
  • Channel properties are modulated by cytoplasmic beta subunits that regulate the subcellular location of the alpha subunits and promote rapid inactivation (By similarity). (nih.gov)
  • The cloning and functional expression of a family of voltage-gated K+ channels conserved in all animals brought order to the field of electrophysiology, and validated the use of simple animal models in the field of membrane excitability. (wikipedia.org)
  • The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane (PubMed:2347305, PubMed:14575698). (nih.gov)
  • Technical advances have now made possible direct electrophysiological recording of channels in central neurons, allowing the genetic advantages of this system to be applied to analysis of cellular and circuit function and homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It was believed that one way to obtain the protein structure of a potassium channel was to identify a gene encoding the channel protein in a genetically tractable organism, and then combine newly developed tools in biophysics, molecular genetics, DNA sequencing in eukaryotes, and molecular cloning, to clone and sequence the gene and functionally express the encoded channel in a heterologous expression system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vullhorst D, Klocke R, Bartsch JW, Jockusch H. Expression of the potassium channel KV3.4 in mouse skeletal muscle parallels fiber type maturation and depends on excitation pattern. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • The syndrome is caused by changes in the structure and function of certain cardiac ion channels and reduced expression of Connexin 43 (Cx43) in the Right Ventricle (RV), predominantly in the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (VSVD), causing electromechanical abnormalities. (bvsalud.org)
  • The structure of potassium channels which shape the electrical activity in the nervous system was unknown when Salkoff was a graduate student. (wikipedia.org)
  • KCND3 encodes the voltage-gated potassium channel KV4.3 that is highly expressed in the cerebellum, where it regulates dendritic excitability and calcium influx. (bvsalud.org)
  • We obtain their channel parameters by fitting models to experimental voltage-clamp data. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Regulatory subunit of Kv4/D (Shal)-type voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels, such as KCND2/Kv4.2 and KCND3/Kv4.3. (nih.gov)
  • The cloning and functional expression of a family of voltage-gated K+ channels conserved in all animals brought order to the field of electrophysiology, and validated the use of simple animal models in the field of membrane excitability. (wikipedia.org)
  • This gene encodes a member of the family of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel-interacting proteins, which belong to the recoverin branch of the EF-hand superfamily. (nih.gov)
  • Long-lasting voltage-gated CALCIUM CHANNELS found in both excitable and nonexcitable tissue. (lookformedical.com)
  • Voltage-gated K + channels function in macromolecular complexes with accessory subunits to regulate brain function. (nih.gov)
  • 2. Gain-of-function mutant (Sh5) (which changed the inactivation kinetics of the current, 3. (wikipedia.org)
  • Modulates channel expression at the cell membrane, gating characteristics, inactivation kinetics and rate of recovery from inactivation in a calcium-dependent and isoform-specific manner. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we describe a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1)-dependent mechanism that regulates the association of the A-type K + channel subunit Kv4.2 with its auxiliary subunit dipeptidyl peptidase 6 (DPP6), and thereby modulates neuronal excitability and cognitive flexibility. (nih.gov)
  • Potassium channels where the flow of K+ ions into the cell is greater than the outward flow. (lookformedical.com)
  • The syndrome is caused by changes in the structure and function of certain cardiac ion channels and reduced expression of Connexin 43 (Cx43) in the Right Ventricle (RV), predominantly in the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (VSVD), causing electromechanical abnormalities. (bvsalud.org)
  • It also had the effect of directing great attention to Drosophila as a model system combining molecular genetics with biophysical tools and enabled the study of ion channel biology using a comprehensive approach not possible in other systems. (wikipedia.org)