• It was revealed that sewage treatment technology as well as combustion technology influence many physical and chemical parameters of ashes that are crucial for further phosphorus recovery from such waste according to the proposed method. (degruyter.com)
  • The type of the precipitating agent is also significant: iron or aluminium salts used for phosphorus compound precipitation cause a higher concentration of Fe or Al in ash. (degruyter.com)
  • simultaneously, iron and hydroxide ions generated during autotrophic denitrification will remove phosphorus via chemical precipitation and coagulation. (europa.eu)
  • and (2) to analyze the mechanisms by examining the ecological structure in biofilms, oxidation of pyrrhotite, and denitrification and phosphorus precipitation kinetics. (europa.eu)
  • The WWTPs are in the process of converting from chemical phosphorus removal to enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR). (sintef.no)
  • The goal is to reach the total phosphorus discharge limits without using any chemicals for precipitation. (sintef.no)
  • Phosphorus recovery by precipitation is a well-established process whereby the minerals struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 ·6H 2 O), 7,9-12 and to a lesser extent potassium struvite (MgKPO 4 ·6H 2 O), 13,14 have been investigated for various types of wastewater. (rsc.org)
  • Pilot trials with struvite precipitation for P-recovery have been performed and will be implemented in full scale to recover 18-30 tons P/year. (sintef.no)
  • 50%) by struvite precipitation will be demonstrated. (sintef.no)
  • For example, the presence of calcium during struvite precipitation can decrease mineral purity by co-precipitating calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate minerals with struvite. (rsc.org)
  • Chemical precipitation method for the synthesis of Nb2O5 modified bulk" by Chuang Li, Shaohua Jin et al. (edu.hk)
  • Geochemical processes such as adsorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, and chemical transformations control V concentrations in groundwater. (usgs.gov)
  • We identify the oxidative dissolution of biotite as the key chemical reaction because of the volumetric expansion that accompanies formation of altered biotite and precipitation of ferrihydrite. (lu.se)
  • In case of an inorganic chemical reaction leading to precipitation, the chemical reagent causing the solid to form is called the precipitant. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation of a precipitate can be caused by a chemical reaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • A common example of precipitation reaction in aqueous solution is that of silver chloride. (wikipedia.org)
  • While precipitation reactions can be used for making pigments, removing ions from solution in water treatment, and in classical qualitative inorganic analysis, precipitation is also commonly used to isolate the products of an organic reaction during workup and purification operations. (wikipedia.org)
  • By cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, crystals of the porphyrin precipitate, and are collected by filtration on a Büchner filter as illustrated by the photograph here beside: Precipitation may also occur when an antisolvent (a solvent in which the product is insoluble) is added, drastically reducing the solubility of the desired product. (wikipedia.org)
  • homogeneous reaction, any of a class of chemical reactions that occur in a single phase (gaseous, liquid, or solid), one of two broad classes of reactions-homogeneous and heterogeneous-based on the physical state of the substances present. (britannica.com)
  • Most chemical agents damage the skin by producing a chemical reaction rather than hyperthermic injury. (medscape.com)
  • Although some chemicals produce considerable heat as the result of an exothermic reaction when they come into contact with water, their ability to produce direct chemical changes on the skin accounts for most significant injury. (medscape.com)
  • The wastewater is treated by adjusting pH value and adding chemicals that cause de-emulsification, precipitation, coagulation, and flocculation. (yokogawa.com)
  • In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the process of transforming a dissolved substance into an insoluble solid from a supersaturated solution. (wikipedia.org)
  • Various methods have been developed to remove the chromium from industrial waste water, such as chemical redox followed by precipitation, ion exchange, and reverse osmosis. (hindawi.com)
  • The most significant of these techniques include chemical precipitation, filtration, reverse osmosis, ion exchange by resin, and membrane systems. (bioline.org.br)
  • The chemical composition of the magma and its cooling rate determine the final rock type. (nps.gov)
  • The chemical composition of the ash depends on the treatment method (either biological or chemical) used in wastewater treatment plants. (degruyter.com)
  • Currently, for large-scale used chemical redox method, a major drawback related to precipitation is slurry production. (hindawi.com)
  • IFAS-MBR with co-precipitation, not yet commonly used in practice, will result in a very compact process for nutrient removal. (iwaponline.com)
  • Chemical injuries are commonly encountered following exposure to acids and alkali, including hydrofluoric acid (HF), formic acid, anhydrous ammonia, cement, and phenol. (medscape.com)
  • When evaluating indoor air quality, ATSDR considers the widespread nature of many commonly found chemicals in building indoor air. (cdc.gov)
  • The tests demonstrated that an IFAS-MBR process with co-precipitation and an aerobic suspended biomass SRT of 5-10 days is feasible, and that all the performance goals set up for the full-scale plant were achieved. (iwaponline.com)
  • By varying the Nb:Ni ratio, a series of NixNb1-xO nanoparticles with different atomic compositions (x = 0.03, 0.08, 0.15, and 0.20) have been prepared by chemical precipitation. (edu.hk)
  • Experimental study on chemical agglomeration of fly ash from coal combustion [D].] and its mechanism analysis Harbin University of Technology, 2008. (e3s-conferences.org)
  • The notion of precipitation can also be extended to other domains of chemistry (organic chemistry and biochemistry) and even be applied to the solid phases (e.g. metallurgy and alloys) when solid impurities segregate from a solid phase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The precipitation chemistry measurements that underpin evaluations of atmospheric deposition have a further use - they are a direct indicator of changes in air chemistry, with relevance to air aloft rather than air in contact with the surface. (noaa.gov)
  • Thus, a combination of measurements of air chemistry near the surface and precipitation chemistry is often an optimal indicator of changes in the quality of the atmosphere as a whole. (noaa.gov)
  • The National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) is the community-wide activity to monitor the deposition of atmospheric trace chemicals in precipitation. (noaa.gov)
  • The physico-chemical process underlying digestion is called Ostwald ripening. (wikipedia.org)
  • Physico-chemical analysis of fertilizer industry effluent and its effects on crop plants. (cdc.gov)
  • The difference in the removal of the two soils may be attributed to their physico-chemical properties in which the Isarog soil has higher clay content, porosity and lower bulk density. (bioline.org.br)
  • IFAS-MBR with co-precipitation and combined pre- and post-denitrification for removal of P and N from wastewater. (iwaponline.com)
  • This Agent B is the key item for gold/silver/PGM precipitation from pregnant solution in the Chemical precipitation method. (eco-goldex.com)
  • Mechanochemical method is an efficient processing method that uses mechanical means to change the structure and physical and chemical properties of objects. (researchgate.net)
  • The sampling modules passively collected organic chemical compounds on an adsorbent sampling medium, which was later analyzed by a gas chromatograph using a modified EPA Method 8260/8270. (cdc.gov)
  • Dimethylglyoxime (DMG) was used as a Co(II) and Ni(II) chelator with selective chemical precipitation for trace electrochemical analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • When silver nitrate (AgNO3) is added to a solution of potassium chloride (KCl) the precipitation of a white solid (AgCl) is observed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hybrid anion exchange resin containing hydrous ferric oxide (HAIX-Fe) was used in column tests to remove phosphate (PO 4 ) from fresh urine, hydrolyzed urine, and anaerobic digester filtrate, and subsequently recover PO 4 as struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 ·6H 2 O) or potassium struvite (MgKPO 4 ·6H 2 O) via precipitation in the spent regenerant. (rsc.org)
  • Precipitation in the spent regenerants and original wastewaters (urine and filtrate) yielded 96.7-99.8% PO 4 recovery as struvite or potassium struvite. (rsc.org)
  • For example, previous researchers have achieved 95% P recovery by precipitation of either struvite or potassium struvite in human urine, 14 and 94% P recovery by precipitation of struvite in anaerobic digester sidestreams. (rsc.org)
  • The recovery of PO 4 using the two-step adsorption-precipitation process was compared with direct precipitation in urine and anaerobic digester filtrate considering chemical requirements for precipitation and mineral purity. (rsc.org)
  • Precipitation in the spent regenerant from HAIX-Fe resin saturated with PO 4 from anaerobic digester filtrate produced a higher purity mineral than direct precipitation in the anaerobic digester filtrate. (rsc.org)
  • The key findings of this research are new experimental data on (1) P adsorption from urine and anaerobic digester filtrate to resin under continuous-flow operation and corresponding regeneration efficiency, and (2) chemical requirements for and mineral purity of P precipitation in the spent regenerants from resin adsorption/desorption and original waste waters. (rsc.org)
  • Chemical Characteristics of Precipitation in the Champlain Valley. (epa.gov)
  • Thirteen lakes in Mount Rainier National Park were evaluated for general chemical characteristics, sensitivity to acidification by acidic precipitation, and degree of existing acidification. (usgs.gov)
  • Documentation of the threshold limit values: For chemical substances in the work environment. (cdc.gov)
  • 2001. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
  • Chemical-release incidents were calculated for the nine states reporting to the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) database between 1999 and 2008. (medscape.com)
  • The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) asked the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) to review indoor air and soil gas sampling data to determine if exposure to chemical substances detected in indoor air posed an immediate or long-term health hazard to residents occupying a home at 4625 Rockwood Parkway, Spring Valley. (cdc.gov)
  • Detected substances in soil gas included low levels of some polyaromatic hydrocarbons and several common volatile organic chemicals including petroleum hydrocarbons, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene), trimethylbenzenes, napthalene and chloroform. (cdc.gov)
  • chemical precipitation: …effective technique is that called homogeneous precipitation, in which the precipitating agent is synthesized in the solution rather than added mechanically. (britannica.com)
  • The sampling plan was designed to collect a broad range of volatile and semivolatile chemicals including petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, potential explosive degradation products and potential chemical warfare agent degradation products. (cdc.gov)
  • Surprisingly few studies connect the chemical, mechanical, and hydrological evolution of rock as it weathers to saprolite and soil. (lu.se)
  • Major changes in rock properties can occur with only minor element leaching, and the threshold behavior of weathering that arises from the coevolution of chemical, hydrological, and mechanical properties may be difficult to capture using simplified weathering models that fail to incorporate these properties. (lu.se)
  • Our results, which combine the mechanical and hydrological evolution of weathering rock with more common measurements of chemical changes, should help to more accurately model the effects of, and mechanical and hydrological feedbacks upon, chemical weathering of rock. (lu.se)
  • Once the tubules are opened, they act as channels that transmit mechanical, chemical and bacterial stimuli to the pulp 18 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The low concentrations of chemicals detected in the soil gas would not be high enough to significantly impact indoor air. (cdc.gov)
  • An important stage of the precipitation process is the onset of nucleation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Targeting at the air electrode in nonaqueous lithium-air batteries, this review attempts to summarize the knowledge about the fundamentals related to lithium oxides precipitation , which has been one of the vital and attractive aspects of the research communities of science and technology. (rsc.org)
  • Odor as an aid to chemical safety: Odor thresholds compared with threshold limit values and volatilities for 214 industrial chemicals in air and water dilution. (cdc.gov)
  • Experimental Study on the Coupling of Turbulence and Chemical Agglomeration to Promote the Removal of Coal-fired Particles by Electric Dust [J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering of China,2019, 39(10):2954-2962. (e3s-conferences.org)
  • Effect of turbulent flow field properties on improving the removal of coal-fired fine particles in chemical-turbulent agglomeration[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2020, 31(1). (e3s-conferences.org)
  • The collision efficiency of liquid bridge agglomeration[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2015, 137. (e3s-conferences.org)
  • Train A was operated with co-precipitation in order to achieve high removal of total P (TP). (iwaponline.com)
  • 15 One of the major challenges to P recovery by precipitation is achieving a high purity product. (rsc.org)
  • The small sizes of the lakes, and their locations in basins of high precipitation and weathering-resistant rock types, enhance their sensitivity. (usgs.gov)
  • The use of industrial waste materials as precipitation chemicals in the simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphate from nutrient-containing wastewaters was studied in this dissertation. (oulu.fi)
  • Precipitation occurs more rapidly from a strongly supersaturated solution. (wikipedia.org)
  • If energy changes are not favorable, or without suitable nucleation sites, no precipitation occurs and the solution remain supersaturated. (wikipedia.org)
  • The agent B is solely used for precious metals (Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh) precipitation in eco-goldex E agent derived pregnant solution. (eco-goldex.com)
  • Due to the coagulant (Al) addition, the concern was precipitation on the biofilm carriers in the aerobic reactor in Train A. A small internal air-lift pump proved to be very efficient in controlling biofilm thickness and removing excess biofilm mass as needed. (iwaponline.com)
  • Direct precipitation in fresh urine and hydrolyzed urine was more efficient than precipitation in the corresponding spent regenerants based on lower chemical requirements. (rsc.org)
  • During World War I, the AUES was established to investigate testing, production and effects of chemical warfare agents, antidotes and protective equipment. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to individualized state health departments, the following 5 national sources provide information regarding death and injuries caused by chemical releases: National Response Center (NRC), Department of Transportation (DOT), Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS), Acute Hazardous Events (AHE) Database, and American Poison Control Centers Association. (medscape.com)
  • A review by Ahmmed et al reported that worldwide, ocular surface chemical injuries (OSCIs) account for 0.1-15% of all ocular emergency presentations, with such injuries having been responsible for an estimated $106.7 million in emergency department costs in the United States over a 4-year period. (medscape.com)
  • The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) contains extensive provisions for emergency planning and the rights of communities to be informed of toxic chemical releases. (medscape.com)
  • In addition to an identified source of contamination (such as a underground waste disposal site), many chemicals routinely detected in indoor air originate from common sources including cleaning chemicals, gasoline, cosmetics, perfumes, paints, air fresheners, dry cleaning, cigarette smoke, and cooking byproducts. (cdc.gov)
  • The pupils will also make calculations on the conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy, using our pedal bikes. (lu.se)