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MyelographyMeningoceleIophendylateArachnoiditisIntracranial HypotensionSpinal Cord CompressionSubdural EffusionMeningismLaminectomyMetrizamideDog DiseasesEncyclopedias as TopicLigamentum FlavumMice, Neurologic MutantsElementsDogsIntervertebral Disc
RadiculopathyMyelopathySpondylosisComputed tomography myelographyResonance myelographyDiagnosis of cervicalNeckStenosisTomographicLumbar spineAngiographyNerve rootThoracicDura materCases of cervicalCordImaging of the brain and spineVertebral columnFindingsCompressionContrastLesionCranialVertebraePatientsSpondylomyelopathyNervesPosteriorArthroplastyDeficitsClinicalLordosisDiagnosticDuralFlexionDiscDemonstratesCystsOccipitalUnderwentPainEvaluationBrain
Radiculopathy20
  • 8. Cervical radiculopathy: computed tomography and myelography compared. (nih.gov)
  • Clinically, brachial plexopathy commonly mimics the symptoms and signs of cervical spondylosis-related radiculopathy, and it is important to differentiate these pathologies, as the management strategies can differ. (medscape.com)
  • 2,3 Juxtafacet cysts in the cervical spine can cause compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots, leading to myelopathy and radiculopathy. (ijssurgery.com)
  • For cervical radiculopathy, good results have been reported with microcervical foraminotomy (MCF). (ijssurgery.com)
  • Cervical radiculopathy is characterized by neurological dysfunction caused by compression and inflammation of the spinal nerves or nerve roots of the cervical spine. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • The most common causes of cervical radiculopathy are cervical disc herniation and cervical spondylosis. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • Cervical radiculopathy is treated surgically by anterior and/or posterior approaches. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • The incidence and prevalence rate of cervical radiculopathy are unclear, and epidemiological data are limited. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • Depending on the segments involved and severity of neurological dysfunction, various signs and symptoms of cervical radiculopathy may manifest as neck and unilateral arm pain with numbness, weakness, or altered reflexes [ 3 ]. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • Cervical radiculopathy is the pathological process associated with the cervical spinal nerve or nerve root compression and inflammation. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • Disc herniation is more commonly associated with lumbar radiculopathy than with cervical radiculopathy. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • Disc herniation is responsible for only 21.9% of cervical radiculopathy cases [ 1 ]. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • Hypertrophy of the uncovertebral and facet joints can cause foraminal stenosis and cervical radiculopathy [ 4 , 5 ]. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • Cervical radiculopathy is less commonly caused by tumors, trauma, synovial cysts, meningeal cysts, dural arteriovenous fistulae [ 6 ], or tortuous vertebral arteries [ 7 ]. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • There are no universally accepted criteria for diagnosing of cervical radiculopathy. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • Generally, cervical radiculopathy patients have various signs and symptoms, such as neck and unilateral arm pain with numbness, weakness, or altered reflexes [ 3 ]. (asianspinejournal.org)
  • This is where neck problems affecting a cervical nerve root can cause pain, as well as, other symptoms through the arms and hands, one form of (radiculopathy) . (dralexjimenez.com)
  • Referral by a medical practitioner (excluding a specialist or consultant physician) for a scan of spine for a patient 16 years or older for suspected cervical radiculopathy (R) (K) (Contrast) (Anaes. (racgp.org.au)
  • There is a lack of evidence that MRI has led to improved health outcomes for patients with cervical radiculopathy. (racgp.org.au)
  • Most cases of cervical radiculopathy settle over time and conservative therapies are preferred in most patients. (racgp.org.au)
Myelopathy13
  • Great Dane Doberman St. Bernard Weimaraner German Shepherd Dog Boxer Basset Hound Rhodesian Ridgeback Dalmatian Samoyed Old English Sheepdog Bull Mastiff Newfoundland Greyhound Rottweiler T2 weighted MRI in neutral (A) and linear traction (B) of a seven-year-old Doberman with a two-year history of cervical pain treated with NSAIDs and presented acutely tetraplegic: A C6-C7 and C5-C6 traction responsive myelopathy are evident on MRI. (wikipedia.org)
  • Wobbler disease or wobbler's syndrome is a broad category of cervical disorders in the horse, including the conditions listed above, as well as equine wobbles anemia and cervical vertebral myelopathy, spinal cord compression (sometimes referred to colloquially among horse owners as "cervical arthritis" due to the arthritis that accumulates in facets). (wikipedia.org)
  • Most forms of wobbler disease have a root cause in cervical vertebral myelopathy (CVM), which causes inflammation and arthritis in the joint and is painful to affected horses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B-12) levels and a serum rapid plasma reagin may help distinguish metabolic and infectious causes of myelopathy from cervical spondylotic myelopathy. (medscape.com)
  • Metabolic and infectious conditions may coexist with cervical spondylosis, and, thus, an abnormal laboratory profile does not exclude cervical spondylotic myelopathy. (medscape.com)
  • Although a narrow spinal canal with a sagittal diameter of 10-13 mm (as visualized on a plain radiograph) has been associated with a higher incidence of neurologic deficit and cervical spondylotic myelopathy, this measurement has become less important with the widespread availability of MRI. (medscape.com)
  • Recently, dynamic CT myelography has been reported as useful in the surgical planning for patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, in some cases altering the surgeon's approach on the basis of dynamic findings. (medscape.com)
  • 5. [A clinical study on the shape of the spinal cord in cervical spondylotic myelopathy based on CT-myelography]. (nih.gov)
  • 19. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy in the aged patient. (nih.gov)
  • A radiographic evaluation of the aging changes in the cervical spine and etiologic factors of myelopathy. (nih.gov)
  • 20. Predictability of operative results of cervical compression myelopathy based on preoperative computed tomographic myelography. (nih.gov)
  • We describe an 18-year-old male with cervical flexion myelopathy with Hirayama disease-like features who showed apparent long tract signs. (londonspine.com)
  • The cause of myelopathy is the anterior displacement of the posterior cervical dural sac during flexion of the neck, which leads to the compression of the cervical spinal cord. (polradiol.com)
Spondylosis11
  • Some researchers have concluded that CT myelography provides additional data only when myelography results are positive-negative myelography findings followed by CT scanning in the case of suspected spondylosis is unlikely to show any clinically useful findings. (medscape.com)
  • 2. Metrizamide-enhanced computed tomography as an adjunct to metrizamide myelography in the evaluation of lumbar disc herniation and spondylosis. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Comparison of myelography, CT myelography and magnetic resonance imaging in cervical spondylosis and disk herniation. (nih.gov)
  • 11. [A case of cervical spondylosis demonstrating high-density areas within the cervical cord on delayed metrizamide CT]. (nih.gov)
  • Cervical spondylosis is degeneration of the bones in the neck (vertebrae) and the disks between them, putting pressure on (compressing) the spinal cord in the neck. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Osteoarthritis is the most common cause of cervical spondylosis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cervical spondylosis usually affects middle-aged and older people. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Symptoms of cervical spondylosis may result from compression of the spinal cord, the spinal nerve roots, or both. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cervical spondylosis is the medical term for osteoarthritis that affects the neck's spinal joints. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Age is the most common risk factor for developing cervical spondylosis. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Cervical spondylosis refers to degenerative changes that result from aging in most adult populations. (asianspinejournal.org)
Computed tomography myelography2
  • 6. Dynamic computed tomography myelography for the investigation of cervical degenerative disease. (nih.gov)
  • Further examinations were performed using sagittal time-spatial labeling inversion pulse MRI and cone-beam computed tomography myelography with a spinal intrathecal catheter, which indicated a dural fistula on the left side at the T12 level. (thejns.org)
Resonance myelography1
  • This study sets out to investigate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with magnetic resonance myelography (MRM) in patients after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and to evaluate its value in postoperative rehabilitation. (nih.gov)
Diagnosis of cervical2
  • In one study, MRI was demonstrated to be 90% sensitive for the diagnosis of cervical stenosis, while CT myelography and CT scanning were 100% sensitive. (medscape.com)
  • 7. Discrepancy between metrizamide CT and myelography in diagnosis of cervical disk protrusions. (nih.gov)
Neck7
  • A number of different conditions of the cervical (neck) spinal column cause similar clinical signs. (wikipedia.org)
  • When conservative care such as rest and physical therapy does not relieve the pain or the other symptoms associated with a deteriorated cervical disc, you may be a candidate for neck surgery. (medtronic.com)
  • Neck pain or cervical pain is a widespread problem that many people deal with daily. (freshersnews.co.in)
  • Often cervicogenic headaches start from the neck or cervical spine. (freshersnews.co.in)
  • The cervical spine, the area supporting the neck, consists of seven small vertebrae that begin at the base of the skull. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • RA often affects the cervical spine and can cause instability and neck pain. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Imaging studies often report findings that may have little to do with neck pain - incidental degenerative changes of the cervical spine may occur in 30-40% of asymptomatic young and middle-aged patients. (racgp.org.au)
Stenosis2
Tomographic4
  • 12. Applications of computed tomographic scanning of the cervical spine. (nih.gov)
  • 13. Value of computed tomographic myelography in the recognition of cervical herniated disk. (nih.gov)
  • Jurkoshek AM, da Costa RC , Martin-Vaquero P. The effect of angle slice acquisition on computed tomographic cervical vertebral column morphometry in Great Danes. (osu.edu)
  • Cervical magnetic resonance images and computed tomographic myelography revealed anterior displacement with compression of the cervical cord in flexion that was more apparent in the right side. (londonspine.com)
Lumbar spine1
  • The symptoms may remain restricted to the spine or radiate into the legs, if they originate in the lumbar spine or arms, if they comes from the cervical spine. (web.app)
Angiography3
  • Commonly performed investigations during the work-up of SS include MR imaging of the brain and spine, CT myelography, MR angiography, and cerebrospinal angiography. (ajnr.org)
  • New imaging methods - computed tomography (CT) and especially magnetic resonance (MR) - the imaging procedure of choice in diagnosis of spinal canal tumors - markedly reduced the significance of the older ones, like plain X−ray films, myelography and angiography, which are used nowadays occasionally. (edu.pl)
  • Hasuo K, Uchino A, Matsumoto S, Fujii K, Fukui M, Masuda K: MR imaging compared with CT, angiography and myelography supplemented with CT in the diagnosis of spinal tumors. (edu.pl)
Nerve root5
  • Myelography is also useful for demonstrating nerve root lesions. (medscape.com)
  • Myelography demonstrates nerve root take off very well. (medscape.com)
  • 9. Specificity of CT myelographic findings in cervical nerve root symptoms. (nih.gov)
  • Information about your cervical spine and disc replacement surgery using the Prestige LP cervical disc to treat damage to or trouble with one cervical nerve root or diseased level in the spinal cord. (medtronic.com)
  • Cervical Spine - This nerve root is named according to the Lower spinal segment that the nerve root runs between. (dralexjimenez.com)
Thoracic4
  • The brachial plexus represents a complex network of nerves formed from the ventral rami of the lower cervical nerves (C5-C8) and the greater portion of the ventral ramus of the first thoracic nerve (T1). (medscape.com)
  • [0004] The brachial plexus (as used herein, the term "brachial plexus" refers to a large network of nerves that originates at the spinal cord and distributes the motor and sensory innervation to the upper extremity) is a fragile group of nerves composed of the four cervical spinal roots C5, C6, C7, and C8, and the first thoracic root T1 ( FIG. 1 ). (patentsencyclopedia.com)
  • In humans, visualization of the thoracic duct by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been attempted, and recent advances have enabled clinicians to visualize the thoracic duct configuration in a less invasive manner. (openveterinaryjournal.com)
  • This study aimed to assess the performance of our magnetic resonance thoracic ductography (MRTD) technique to visualize the thoracic duct and the surrounding 3D anatomical structures by combining MRTD and vascular contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography (CT) images in dogs. (openveterinaryjournal.com)
Dura mater2
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain performed 2-3 hours before the lumbar puncture and showed diffuse smooth thickening of the dura mater (infra- and supratentorial), extending down to the upper cervical spine. (eurorad.org)
  • however, it is believed that there is insufficient growth of the cervical dura mater relative to the cervical spinal cord during adolescence. (polradiol.com)
Cases of cervical1
  • We report 4 cases of cervical juxtafacet cysts operated by microcervical foraminotomy (MCF) or a combination of MCF and laminoplasty. (ijssurgery.com)
Cord12
  • Magnetic resonance imaging has been shown to be more effective at showing the location, nature, and severity of spinal cord compression than a myelogram. (wikipedia.org)
  • The spinal-cord hyperintensity seen at the C5-C6 is suggestive of chronic lesion and most likely responsible for the chronic history of cervical pain, while the C5-C6 lesion was most likely responsible for the acute tetraplegia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intelligence and life span are usually normal, though the risk of infant death from compression of the cervical spinal cord and/or upper airway obstruction is increased. (medscape.com)
  • Numerous kinds of physical conditions like obesity, bad posture, and lack of core muscle strength can disturb the posture of the spinal cord leading to cervical pain . (freshersnews.co.in)
  • The right side of the cervical cord showed severe atrophy. (londonspine.com)
  • Sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance image of the cervicothoracic spinal cord. (medscape.com)
  • CT myelography is indicated in the workup of spinal cord tumors only if MRI is contraindicated (eg, because of the presence of a pacemaker or an implant). (medscape.com)
  • With regard to the spinal cord, CT myelography can demonstrate only the presence or absence of spinal cord expansion. (medscape.com)
  • The cause of spinal cord expansion usually is not discernible during CT myelography, because such expansion occurs secondary to a tumor, a cyst, a syrinx, or edema with similar appearance. (medscape.com)
  • MRI has replaced CT myelography as the study of choice in diagnosing spinal cord tumors because of its superior imaging resolution of the spinal cord itself. (medscape.com)
  • Careful evaluation of neutral-position MRI for this LOA, T2 hyperintense signal, asymmetrical atrophy of the lower cervical cord, and loss of lordosis may allow the radiologist to include flexion-position MRI, which is the gold standard for the diagnosis of HD [ 9 , 10 , 13 , 14 ]. (polradiol.com)
  • In certain instances, CT myelography, which is a CT scan performed after iodinated contrast is administered into the spinal canal via a spinal needle, may be indicated to better visualize the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots within the thecal sac. (hss.edu)
Imaging of the brain and spine1
  • Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine demonstrated a contrast-enhancing mass in the pineal region, along with spinal metastases to T8, T12, and L5. (thejns.org)
Vertebral column2
  • Right lateral (A) and ventrodorsal (B) myelographic views of the cranial cervical portion of the vertebral column in a 2-year-old Miniature Pinscher evaluated for signs of pain in the cervical region and neurologic deficits of 4 days' duration. (avma.org)
  • Morphological Changes of the Cervical Intervertebral Foramen due to Flexion-Extension and Compression-Tension Movements in the Canine Cervical Vertebral Column. (osu.edu)
Findings4
  • When surgical results were used as the criterion standard, agreement with MRI findings was found in 74% of cases, agreement with CT myelography in 84% of cases, and with myelography in 67% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • Spontaneous intracranial hypotension with spinal myelography imaging findings. (eurorad.org)
  • Transcranial magnetic motor evoked potentials in Great Danes with cervical spondylomyelopathy: association with neurologic findings and magnetic resonance imaging. (osu.edu)
  • Although MRI is regarded as the preferred modality, the reliability of MRI readings for common degenerative or other pathologic findings in the cervical spine is moderate at best and its value is highly dependent on careful interpretation of the images in the context of the patient's clinical presentation. (racgp.org.au)
Compression1
  • It is important to find the exact symptomatic segment and distinguish between conditions that may mimic certain cervical radicular compression syndromes through meticulous physical examinations and precise reading of radiographs. (asianspinejournal.org)
Contrast5
  • 10. [Experimental and clinical studies on the diagnostic value of CT-myelography using a water-soluble contrast medium, metrizamide]. (nih.gov)
  • Your doctor has confirmed that you need surgery by using diagnostic imaging such as computerized tomography (CT), CT with Myelography (a method of using X-rays and a special dye called contrast material to identify spinal conditions), and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (medtronic.com)
  • Nuclear resonance and computer tomography, and contrast myelography of the spinal column can then provide direct confirmation of a herniated disc. (web.app)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with intravenous injection of gadolinium-based contrast agent is the preferred examination for spinal meningiomas. (medscape.com)
  • PMID- 5428678 TI - Water-soluble contrast lumbar myelography with meglumine iothalamate (Conray). (nih.gov)
Lesion2
  • Magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed an enhancing intramedullary lesion at the level of third cervical vertebra with peritumoural edema. (omicsonline.org)
  • If MRI is not available, computed tomography (CT) myelography may demonstrate the lesion. (medscape.com)
Cranial1
  • HEADACHE secondary to low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure occurs after diagnostic lumbar puncture, myelography, cranial or spinal injury, or spinal anesthesia. (asahq.org)
Vertebrae1
  • Wobbler disease is a catchall term referring to several possible malformations of the cervical vertebrae that cause an unsteady (wobbly) gait and weakness in dogs and horses. (wikipedia.org)
Patients5
  • Plain films of the cervical spine are an inexpensive way of assessing spondylotic disease in symptomatic patients. (medscape.com)
  • The nearly universal presence of spondylotic radiographic changes in elderly patients (and the similar appearance of a cervical spine film in a symptomatic patient and an asymptomatic patient) allows the classification of an individual patient as having mild, moderate, or severe spondylotic changes. (medscape.com)
  • Methods Among the patients who underwent spine surgery at our hospital from 2015 to 2019, 4 had cervical juxtafacet cysts. (ijssurgery.com)
  • The increased range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine in these patients during fle-xion as compared to the normal population is also hypo-thesized to play a role in the progression and severity of HD [ 7 , 8 ]. (polradiol.com)
  • CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) can provide additional information in patients with scoliosis. (hss.edu)
Spondylomyelopathy16
  • Wobbler disease is also known as cervical vertebral instability, cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM), and cervical vertebral malformation (CVM). (wikipedia.org)
  • Kinematic magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of disc-associated cervical spondylomyelopathy in Doberman Pinschers. (osu.edu)
  • Martin-Vaquero P, da Costa RC , Moore SA, Allen MJ, Green E. Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in canine cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Lima CGD, da Costa RC, Foss K., Allen M. Temporospatial and kinetic variables of gait in Doberman Pinschers with and without Cervical Spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Cervical spondylomyelopathy (wobbler syndrome). (osu.edu)
  • Body conformation in Great Danes with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Comparison of noncontrast computed tomography and high field magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of Great Danes with cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Armstrong J, da Costa RC, Martin-Vaquero P. Cervical Vertebral Trabecular Bone Mineral Density in Great Danes With and Without Cervical Spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Evaluation of traditional and novel radiographic vertebral ratios in Great Danes with versus without cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Diagnosis and treatment of cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging features in the evaluation of Great Danes with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • da Costa RC , Armstrong J, Choi, S, Smith S. Diffusion tensor imaging in dogs with and without cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Cervical spondylomyelopathy in Great Danes: a magnetic resonance imaging morphometric study. (osu.edu)
  • Cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Cytokine concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of Great Danes with cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
  • Force plate gait analysis in Doberman pinchers with and without cervical spondylomyelopathy. (osu.edu)
Nerves1
  • Nerves exiting the cervical spine travel down through the arms, hands, and fingers. (dralexjimenez.com)
Posterior1
  • 17. A reappraisal of the diagnosis in cervical disc disease: the posterior longitudinal ligament perforated or not. (nih.gov)
Arthroplasty2
  • It implants an artificial disc (cervical arthroplasty) in place of the affected disc space. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adamo PF, da Costa RC, Kroll R, Giovannella, C, Podell M. Cervical disc arthroplasty usind the Adamo spinal disc in 18 dogs affected by disc-associated wobbler syndrome. (osu.edu)
Deficits1
  • The ability to noninvasively image neural elements with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess evolving neurologic deficits in addition to chronic conditions such as low back pain has facilitated diagnosis of this disorder. (medscape.com)
Clinical3
  • 16. [Fundamental and clinical studies on CT gas myelography of the cervical spine]. (nih.gov)
  • Clinical Relevance The results of this study suggest that microcervical foraminotomy for cervical juxtafacet cysts can provide favorable symptomatic improvement. (ijssurgery.com)
  • We also review previous reports on cervical juxtafacet cysts to elucidate their clinical features on these lesions. (ijssurgery.com)
Lordosis1
  • Cervical spine films can demonstrate disk-space narrowing, osteophytosis, loss of cervical lordosis, uncovertebral joint hypertrophy, apophyseal joint osteoarthritis, and vertebral canal diameter. (medscape.com)
Diagnostic1
  • Magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic procedure of choice. (vin.com)
Dural1
  • Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed SEACs at the T9 to L2 level but did not reveal the dural fistula. (thejns.org)
Flexion3
  • Effects of Flexion and Extension on the Diameter of the Cervical Vertebral Canal in Dogs. (osu.edu)
  • Kaur R, Dua A, Gupta V, Bedi R, Sawal N, Singh A. Hirayama disease: neutral and flexion magnetic resonance imaging and utility of inter-segmental angle of flexion. (polradiol.com)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly in the flexion position, can help in the accurate diagnosis of HD and differentiate it from its mimickers. (polradiol.com)
Disc7
  • 14. Lumbar disc disease evaluated by myelography and postmyelography spinal computed tomography. (nih.gov)
  • 15. Metrizamide enhanced computed tomography: an adjunct to myelography in lumbar disc herniation. (nih.gov)
  • If you're not a candidate for cervical disc replacement, cervical fusion may be an option for you. (medtronic.com)
  • Information about your cervical spine and disc replacement surgery using the Prestige LP cervical disc at two adjacent levels. (medtronic.com)
  • It is important that you discuss the potential risks, complications, and benefits of the Prestige LP cervical disc with your doctor prior to receiving treatment, and that you rely on your physician's judgment. (medtronic.com)
  • The Prestige LP cervical disc should only be used by surgeons who are experienced in cervical disc replacement and who have received adequate training with the device. (medtronic.com)
  • In the cervical spine, the disc tends to herniate to the side, rather than toward the back and the side. (dralexjimenez.com)
Demonstrates1
  • Typically a waxing and waning course, associated with bouts when the dog appears unwell, demonstrates pyrexia, marked cervical pain and inappetence. (vin.com)
Cysts2
  • Background Juxtafacet cysts are located near or contiguous with the facet joints, and their occurrence is rare in the cervical spine. (ijssurgery.com)
  • Conclusions Cervical juxtafacet cysts tend to occur in C7-T1 and cause muscle weakness. (ijssurgery.com)
Occipital1
  • they may derive from the vertebral arteries, the deep and ascending cervical arteries, the ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries. (jneuropsychiatry.org)
Underwent1
  • Asymptomatic volunteers underwent magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how different positions affect lumbar intervertebral discs. (web.app)
Pain4
Evaluation1
Brain1
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of her brain and cervical spine showed diffuse thickening and enhancement of the meninges and tentorium. (asahq.org)