Middle cerebral arteryOcclusionRats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusionNeuroprotective effectsHippocampusAmeliorates cerebralArteryInfarctionMCAOPathwayAnti-apoptoticFocal ischemiaCIRIInhibitionGlobal ischemiaHippocampal CA1 regionOxidativeProtectiveMetabolismToll-like receAcute cerebralStrokeEdemaRenalHemorrhagic shockTherapeuticHypoxiaPathogenesisHypothermiaNeuronsMechanismExperimentalInduceCardiacOrganApoptosisDeficitsBlood flowEfficacyDamageVivoNeurological injuryNeuroinflammationBrain injuryMitochondrial
Middle cerebral artery7
- Sprague-Dawley rats were used as experimental animals, and middle cerebral artery occlusion was used to make cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model. (molecularhydrogenstudies.com)
- The pharmacodynamics of the decoction was evaluated by establishing the rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion / reperfusion (MCAO/R). In vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out, and the therapeutic effects of SPD were performed using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining , hematoxylin - eosin (HE) staining , and Nissl staining . (bvsalud.org)
- The model used in this study was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion. (biomedcentral.com)
- Cerebral ischaemia is caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion, which leads to some brain tissue damage, accompanied by inflammation and immune response [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Experimental stroke (transient focal cerebral ischemia) was induced by a 2-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with the use of a suture inserting into the lumen of the internal carotid artery (ICA) in male Wistar rats. (banglajol.info)
- Adeno-associated viral (AAV)-NRP-1 was stereotaxically inoculated into the cortex and ipsilateral striatum posterior of adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats before a 90-min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and subsequent reperfusion. (biomedcentral.com)
- Targeting efficiency was investigated through radiometry, gamma scintigraphy and efficacy was studied in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) rat model. (vitamindwiki.com)
Occlusion6
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological studies in rat focal ischemia models using transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion indicate that reperfusion after an ischemic episode of 2- to 3-hour duration does not result in reduction of the size of the infarct. (nih.gov)
- Global cerebral ischemia was performed via 10 min of four-vessel occlusion. (springer.com)
- Using a three vessel occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia combined with bilateral microdialysis, hydroxylation of 4-hydroxybenzoate (4HB) was continuously monitored in both hemispheres in either the lateral striatum or frontoparietal cortex. (nih.gov)
- The ischemia protocol consisted of one hour equilibration, 30 min of three vessel occlusion, then release of the contralateral common carotid artery (CCA) for 2.5 h. (nih.gov)
- This study aimed to investigate whether resuscitation after a hemorrhagic shock (HS) and/or mild cerebral ischemia caused by a unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO) can cause brain injury and concomitant neurological dysfunction, and explore the potential mechanisms. (medsci.org)
- In the treatment of acute cerebral infarction, it is possible to remove the arterial thrombosis as early as possible, make the occlusion of the cerebral artery repasses, restore or improve the blood supply of the infarct area, prevent the ischemia reperfusion injury, save the ischemic penumbra, prevent the irreversible injury of ischemic brain tissue, and reduce the mortality and the rate of disability. (crimsonpublishers.com)
Rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion2
- The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of atorvastatin on the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and the expression of cytochrome C (Cyt C) in Sprague-Dawley rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). The rat model of cerebral artery ischemia was established by the suture-occluded method with ischemia for 2 h and reperfusion for 72 h. (geneticsmr.com)
- Studies have shown that puerarin reduced cerebral edema in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, removed lipid peroxidation products, enhanced antioxidant capacity, improved antioxidant activity of the brain tissue, and reduced the degree of focal cerebral ischemic injury [ 2 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Neuroprotective effects7
- Water electrolysis-derived hydrogen inhalation had neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats with the effect of suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation, and it is a possible new hydrogen resource to electrolyze water at the bedside clinically. (molecularhydrogenstudies.com)
- The neuroprotective effects of remifentanil preconditioning against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury have been recently reported. (springer.com)
- Here we investigated whether remifentanil postconditioning exerts neuroprotective effects against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats and its potential mechanisms. (springer.com)
- The results suggest that remifentanil postconditioning exhibits neuroprotective effects against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats, and its mechanisms might involve inhibition of neuronal apoptosis through the PI3K pathway. (springer.com)
- Ding ZM, Wu B, Zhang WQ et al (2012) Neuroprotective Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning on Global Brain Ischemia in Rats through the same effect on inhibition of apoptosis. (springer.com)
- Jeong S, Kim SJ, Jeong C et al (2012) Neuroprotective effects of remifentanil against transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. (springer.com)
- NRP-1 can produce neuroprotective effects against I/R injury to the brain by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and promoting mitochondrial structural repair and functional recovery, which may serve as a promising candidate target in treating ischemic stroke. (biomedcentral.com)
Hippocampus7
- Transient forebrain ischemia leads to delayed death of the CA1 neurons in the hippocampus. (nih.gov)
- Immunohistochemical and biochemical investigations of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II(CaM kinase II) and protein phosphatase (calcineurin) after transient forebrain ischemia demonstrated that the activity of CaM kinase II was decreased in the CA1 region of the hippocampus early (6-12 hours) after ischemia. (nih.gov)
- We found remifentanil postconditioning markedly improved the spatial learning and memory as well as attenuated neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. (springer.com)
- Liang HW, Qiu SF, Shen J et al (2008) Genistein attenuates oxidative stress and neuronal damage following transient global cerebral ischemia in rat hippocampus. (springer.com)
- The present study was designed to investigate the expression changes of PPAR-alpha, -beta, -gamma and NF-kappa B in the hippocampus of rats with global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (GCIRI) after treatment with agonists or antagonists of PPAR-gamma. (biomedcentral.com)
- According to the data, safflower injection has an obvious anti apoptotic effect on hippocampus in rats with cerebral infarction. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- Previous studies of global brain hypoxia ischemia have primarily focused on injury to the cerebral cortex and to the hippocampus. (cdc.gov)
Ameliorates cerebral2
- Inhalation of water electrolysis-derived hydrogen ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats: a possible new hydrogen resource for clinical use. (molecularhydrogenstudies.com)
- Sanpian decoction ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating SIRT1/ERK/HIF-1α pathway through in silico analysis and experimental validation. (bvsalud.org)
Artery2
- I/R injury was induced by blocking the right middle cerebral artery for 2 hours with reperfusion for 2 hours and 22 hours, respectively using the intraluminal method. (hku.hk)
- The mouse model of cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion injury was established to test the anticerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury activity of the puerarin derivatives. (hindawi.com)
Infarction10
- We have compared hydroxyl radical production in the cortex and striatum as an index of oxidative stress in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia with cortical infarction. (nih.gov)
- Cerebral infarction (cerebral infarction), also known as acute ischemic stroke (acute cerebral ischemic stroke), refers to the necrosis of the localized brain tissue caused by cerebral blood circulation disorder, ischemia and hypoxia. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- Cerebral infarction is the most common type of stroke, accounting for 60%-80% of all strokes. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- According to the study, the number of people who died of cerebral infarction was as high as one million and five hundred thousand people, the annual growth rate were 8.7%, and the economic burden and social burden caused by stroke were very heavy. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- Therefore, it is imperative to prevent and treat cerebral infarction. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- Ischemia reperfusion injury is one of the important injury factors in the process of cerebral infarction, and its pathological process is very complicated. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- Therefore, safflower injection has an important therapeutic effect on cerebral infarction. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- When cerebral infarction occurs, it can cause severe neurological impairment. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- The occurrence of cerebral infarction can cause a large number of apoptosis. (crimsonpublishers.com)
- When cerebral infarction occurs, endoplasmic reticulum stress is activated. (crimsonpublishers.com)
MCAO2
- MCAO induced inflammatory injury, involving the ipsilateral cortex and basal ganglia with massive infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages and microvascular proliferation, was exhibited in all normothermic rats. (banglajol.info)
- IKZF3 knockdown exacerbated the damage by OGDinduced HT-22 cells injury and MCAO-induced brain injury in mice by regulating the production of inflammatory factors, which promoted the phosphorylation and nuclear transfer of NF-kappa B and may bind with NF-kappa B-p65 in vivo and in vitro. (cqmu.edu.cn)
Pathway3
- Zhou Y, Fathali N, Lekic T et al (2012) Remote limb ischemic postconditioning protects against neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rat pups by the opioid receptor/Akt pathway. (springer.com)
- Yuan Y, Guo Q, Ye Z et al (2011) Ischemic postconditioning protects brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis through PI3K-Akt pathway. (springer.com)
- COX-2/PGE2 Pathway Inhibits the Ferroptosis Induced by Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion. (illumina.com)
Anti-apoptotic1
- In conclusion, the present study indicated that GP effectively protected against I/R-induced hepatic injury via its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic bioactivity. (spandidos-publications.com)
Focal ischemia1
- Ren C, Yan Z, Wei D et al (2009) Limb remote ischemic postconditioning protects against focal ischemia in rats. (springer.com)
CIRI3
- ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cerebral ischemia - reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a complex pathophysiological process involving multiple factors, and becomes the footstone of rehabilitation after ischemic stroke . (bvsalud.org)
- Sanpian decoction (SPD) has exhibited protective effects against CIRI, migraine , and other cerebral vascular diseases . (bvsalud.org)
- The abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora in rats decreased after cerebral ischaemia - reperfusion injury (CIRI). (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition2
- Galangin attenuated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibition of ferroptosis through activating the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis in gerbils. (nih.gov)
- In support of the integral involvement of NHE activity during organ ischemia, NHE1 inhibition has been shown to exert a protective effect during cardiac ischemia . (tocris.com)
Global ischemia1
- Charron C, Messier C, Plamondon H (2008) Neuroprotection and functional recovery conferred by administration of kappa- and delta 1-opioid agonists in a rat model of global ischemia. (springer.com)
Hippocampal CA1 region2
- Global cerebral ischemia followed by reperfusion, which leads to extensive neuronal damage, particularly the neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. (springer.com)
- Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling positive cells and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the hippocampal CA1 region were assessed after reperfusion. (springer.com)
Oxidative5
- Increases in hydroxyl radical production have been used as evidence of oxidative stress in cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion. (nih.gov)
- The significant increase in the ratio from the ischemic cortex compared to that from the sham-operated animals is consistent with increased oxidative stress induced by ischemia. (nih.gov)
- It has been demonstrated that I/R-induced hepatic injury is initially triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative damage and apoptosis, an important mechanism for cell death following hepatic I/R injury ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) induces oxidative stress and activates autophagy, leading to brain injury and neurologic deficits. (duke.edu)
- During the early stage of cerebral I/R injury, significantly-swollen mitochondria decrease adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and produce excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, finally resulting in cell death [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Protective5
- Several studies showed that α-MSH has protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced organ damages. (hku.hk)
- Puerarin has shown protective effect on injury of neural cell. (hindawi.com)
- The results showed that puerarin derivative P1-EA and P2-EA were resulting in an increased lipophilicity that enabled the derivatives to pass more efficiently through the blood-brain barrier, thus, improving the protective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
- Our results indicate that moderate hypothermia has a significant protective effect on the inflammatory injury induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia. (banglajol.info)
- Therefore, in the present study the protective effects of GP against I/R-induced hepatic injury in mice was studied. (spandidos-publications.com)
Metabolism1
- During that same year, he directed the summer school of the International Society of Neurochemistry and the Journal of Neurochemistry under the theme of Cerebral Metabolism in Health and Disease. (wikipedia.org)
Toll-like rece1
- Ischemia causes inflammation by causing the production of Nf-kb, adhesion molecules, and the upregulation of toll-like receptors, whereas reperfusion causes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the opening of the mitochondrial pore, inflammation, and apoptosis. (digiwire.co.in)
Acute cerebral1
- Hippo/MST1 signaling mediates microglial activation following acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. (ox.ac.uk)
Stroke6
- Ischemic stroke is characterised by ischemia-reperfusion damage, which happens when blood flow is restored after a period of ischemia. (digiwire.co.in)
- Therefore, we aimed to find the neuroprotective role of this peptide on I/R induced cerebral damage after experimental stroke associated with hyperglycemia using C57BL/6J Ins2Akita/+ mice. (hku.hk)
- Specific deletion of MST1 in microglia mitigates stroke-induced brain injury. (ox.ac.uk)
- According to the theory of TCM, cerebral ischaemia, which is also called stroke, can be induced by hyperactivity of liver Yang, disordered diet, stagnation of blood, etc. (biomedcentral.com)
- In stroke, the ischemic crisis activates a series of events, including the inflammatory reactions that are potentiated by reperfusion, eventually leading to neuronal damage. (banglajol.info)
- Not only can both produce symptoms that mimic ischemic stroke, but they can also aggravate ongoing neuronal ischemia. (medscape.com)
Edema5
- Together with the major complication of cerebral edema, it is the most important cause of mortality and severe morbidity in children with diabetes. (medscape.com)
- Most cases of cerebral edema occur 4-12 hours after initiation of treatment. (medscape.com)
- Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats - A 3T MRI study on biphasic blood-brain barrier opening and the dynamics of edema formation. (mpg.de)
- The cornerstones of diabetic ketoacidosis management are fluid resuscitation, insulin administration, electrolyte monitoring and administration, and close observation to minimize the effects of cerebral edema. (medscape.com)
- Results from a prospective study of diabetic ketoacidosis suggested the risk of cerebral edema was higher in those who received immediate insulin treatment and starting insulin infusion one hour after fluid resuscitation has begun is suggested. (medscape.com)
Renal3
- Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is considered as a major cause of acute kidney injury. (frontiersin.org)
- Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common pathophysiological phenomenon in clinical settings. (frontiersin.org)
- This paradox, known as the pH paradox, is the driving mechanism behind reperfusion injury following cardiac, renal or cerebral ischemia . (tocris.com)
Hemorrhagic shock1
- Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a predominant cause of hepatic injury, which is of clinical significance following liver surgery, hemorrhagic shock and liver transplantation ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Therapeutic5
- Perhaps, the therapeutic effect was related to a reduction in releasing of cytotoxic products and improvement of the cerebral microcirculation. (banglajol.info)
- When combined with an HS, an UCCAO is associated with ischemic neuronal injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere of adult rat brain, which can be attenuated by therapeutic hypothermia. (medsci.org)
- Gypenoside (GP), the predominant component of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, exhibits a therapeutic effect on chronic hepatic injury, fibrosis and fatty liver disease via its anti-inflammatory and anti‑oxidant activity. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Therefore, developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for I/R-induced hepatic injury is required. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Furthermore, GP exhibits a therapeutic effect on chronic hepatic injury, fibrosis, as well as fatty liver disease, which were induced by a high fat, high cholesterol diet and alcohol in mice ( 5 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Hypoxia3
- Global hypoxia-ischemia interrupts oxygen delivery and blood flow to the entire brain. (cdc.gov)
- We therefore investigated the impact of global brain hypoxia-ischemia on the thalamic circuit function in the somatosensory system of young rats. (cdc.gov)
- Global brain hypoxia-ischemia during cardiac arrest has a long-term impact on processing and transfer of sensory information by thalamic circuitry. (cdc.gov)
Pathogenesis1
- Proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tissue necrosis factor (TNF)-α, have been implicated as important mediators of injury following cerebral ischemia [ 13 ] and contribute to pathogenesis, exacerbating brain tissue damage following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypothermia1
- The effect of moderate whole body hypothermia (300 C) on transient focal cerebral ischemia induced inflammatory injury was investigated. (banglajol.info)
Neurons2
- Qi et al ( 9 ) reported that GP protected against DNA damage in neurons in I/R-induced cerebral injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
- Lentivirus (LV)-NRP-1 was transfected into rat primary cortical neuronal cultures before a 2-h oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury to neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanism2
- To the best of our knowledge, the role of GP in hepatic I/R injury and the underlying molecular mechanism, have not yet been investigated. (spandidos-publications.com)
- However, the effects of IKZF3 on inflammation and the potential mechanism after cerebral I/R injury remain unclear. (cqmu.edu.cn)
Experimental2
Induce2
- Ischemia can also induce increased dopamine release from the striatum that may contribute to hydroxyl radical formation. (nih.gov)
- A resuscitation from an HS regards as a reperfusion insult which may induce neurological injury in patients with an UCCAO disease. (medsci.org)
Cardiac4
- Global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (GCIRI) occurs in patients who are successfully resuscitated from various clinical conditions such as cardiac arrest, asphyxia and shock, which are frequently accompanied by inflammation and can lead to serious neuronal injury, and further to neurodegeneration and learning and memory impairment [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery is a serious complication. (medscape.com)
- Dexmedetomidine prevents acute kidney injury after adult cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (medscape.com)
- If treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, however, cardiac arrest is survivable, but survivors often show evidence of injury in selectively vulnerable regions of the brain. (cdc.gov)
Organ5
- The microvascular and parenchymal organ damage induced upon ischemia tissue reperfusion is mainly attributed to the reactive oxygen-free radicals, and it has been demonstrated in many organs. (frontiersin.org)
- The resuscitation after an HS causes a reperfusion or reoxygenation insult [ 2 - 4 ], gut injury, and multiple organ dysfunctions [ 5 , 6 ]. (medsci.org)
- Polytrauma can be defined as a combination of multiple, simultaneous injuries to more than one body part or organ system. (medsci.org)
- In addition to their integral involvement in the control of intracellular pH and volume, the NHE family has also been implicated in diseases including hypertension and organ ischemia. (tocris.com)
- The involvement of NHE activity during organ ischemia is complex: H + efflux driven by the NHE corrects the drop in intracellular pH, yet the concurrent influx of Na + ions leads to Ca 2+ overload through the actions of the NCX. (tocris.com)
Apoptosis3
- Atorvastatin could inhibit neuronal apoptosis and alleviate the cerebral I/R injury. (geneticsmr.com)
- Apoptosis is one of the major mechanisms that lead to neuronal death after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. (springer.com)
- Apoptosis is an important way of neuronal death after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. (crimsonpublishers.com)
Deficits1
- Morris water maze task was used to quantify spatial learning and memory deficits after reperfusion. (springer.com)
Blood flow2
- An UCCAO caused a slight cerebral ischemia (cerebral blood flow [CBF] 70%) without hypotension (MABP 85 mmHg), systemic inflammation, multiple organs injuries, or neurological injury. (medsci.org)
- The diffusive mobility of water is a sensitive indicator of tissue energy status, and perfusion imaging provides quantitative measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF). (ucl.ac.uk)
Efficacy1
- The original phenolic hydroxyl in the puerarin molecules was substituted in order to change the blood-brain barrier permeability and thus enhance the efficacy for preventing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
Damage4
- The production of antioxidant enzymes that scavenge free radicals in ischemic tissue is then impaired, thereby exacerbating the damage caused by these free radicals in the post ischemic reperfusion tissue. (frontiersin.org)
- The chief aim in this study was to investigate whether changing temperature during and after ischemia could minimize this damage by reducing the inflammatory injury. (banglajol.info)
- However, combined an UCCAO and an HS caused a severe cerebral ischemia (18% of the original CBF levels), a moderate hypotension (MABP downed to 17 mmHg), systemic inflammation, peripheral organs damage, and neurological injury, which can be attenuated by whole body cooling. (medsci.org)
- The expression of AAV-NRP-1 markedly ameliorated the cerebral I/R-induced damage to the motor function and restored the mitochondrial morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
Vivo1
- Both in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury presented a sharp increase in NRP-1 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Neurological injury1
- The attenuation of neurological injury from the use of simvastatin after spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. (medscape.com)
Neuroinflammation2
- 摘要： 'Neuroinflammation is a key mediator to the pathogenic cascades induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. (cqmu.edu.cn)
- Our results suggested that IKZF3 may provide a new target in improve neurological recovery and reducing neuroinflammation after cerebral I/R injury. (cqmu.edu.cn)
Brain injury1
- Furthermore, Nrf2 activators were discovered to suppress HMGB1-induced inflammation and ROS-induced brain injury, as well as to minimise p38 MAPK overexpression, which can lower NF-kB expression. (digiwire.co.in)
Mitochondrial1
- However, whether NRP-1 can repair mitochondrial structure and promote functional recovery after cerebral ischemia is still unknown. (biomedcentral.com)