Cellular tumor cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Some of the new approaches depend on tumor biology and aim specifically to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the tumor microenvironment or vasculature (leaving normal cells unaffected) or focusing on specific protein or signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)
The module will include the importance of cancer stem cells and the tumour microenvironment, the spread of cancer and therapeutic advances. (york.ac.uk)
In recent years, tumor microenvironment exploration has revealed that immune response evasion is one of the crucial GBM diagnostic hallmarks. (benthamscience.com)
This study provides fundamental insight into the functional impact of CDK4 inhibition on cells in the tumor microenvironment, which is of high importance and interest to the field. (elifesciences.org)
Pro-growth signals from the tumor microenvironment, as well as the cell-intrinsic response to radiation therapy, drove the mesenchymal shift through a stress-response pathway mediated by AP1. (ucsf.edu)
In the metabolic symbiosis model, these cells have been proposed to overexpress MCT4 to release high amounts of lactate produced during anaerobic glycolysis into the tumor microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
Wang H , Han G , Chen J , . Heterogeneity of tumor immune microenvironment in malignant and metastatic change in LUAD is revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. (aging-us.com)
Plenty of research had reported that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) impacts cancer progression and metastases, as well as affects patient prognoses and outcomes [ 6 , 7 ], which emphasizes the important role of immune cells, vital components of the tumor microenvironment, impacting on patient survival and tumor progression [ 8 , 9 ]. (aging-us.com)
The tumour microenvironment (TME) contains several other cell types apart from cancer cells which play a role not only in the regulation of the environment but in response to treatments. (lu.se)

It further inhibited cell-cycle progression in the G1 phase by four different mechanisms: rapid downregulation of cyclin D1, induction of Chk2 with simultaneous downregulation of Cdc25A, induction of the Cdk-inhibitor p21 Cip/Waf and inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase activity resulting in reduced dCTP and dTTP levels. (nature.com)
Visualizing spatiotemporal dynamics of multicellular cell-cycle progression. (nature.com)
Metabolic reprogramming plays an important role in tumor progression and antitumor immunity. (medsci.org)
In cancer progression, FOXO3a inhibition stimulates cell transformation and angiogenesis ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
We will discuss the key features of cancer biology, such as deregulated cell cycle progression, growth, invasion and metastasis. (york.ac.uk)
As a result, changes in SA-ß-Gal expression, cell cycle progression, and mitochondrial membrane potential were observed. (dojindo.com)
Common detection indicators for assessing cellular senescence include features related to cell cycle progression (DNA synthesis, p16/p21 expression, etc.), features related to morphology (of the cell, nucleus, nucleolus, etc. (dojindo.com)
Evidence from many studies indicates that KCNKs is abnormally expressed in many solid tumors and plays a regulatory role in the development and malignant progression of cancer. (jcancer.org)
Slows tumor progression in mouse xenograft models. (tocris.com)
An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
T he presence and activity of various proteins are required in the cell cycle progression. (ukessays.com)
In addition, Kevetrin increased expression of p53 target genes such as p21 (Waf1), an inhibitor of cell cycle progression. (shu.edu)
While some patients experience spontaneous regression or differentiation of the tumor, others are affected by rapid and fatal tumor progression despite increasingly intensive treatment strategies [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to its role in controlling cell cycle progression, the tumor suppressor protein p53 can also affect other cellular functions such as cell migration. (rupress.org)
These ANN ment, cell-cycle progression, drug treat- with different dyes. (lu.se)

The genes for the small tumor antigen (STag), middle tumor antigen (MTag), and large tumor antigen (LTag) are encoded in the "early region" of the polyomavirus genome, so named because this region of the genome is expressed early in the infectious process. (wikipedia.org)
This task can be accomplished by replacing tumor suppressor genes that have been lost or mutated, selectively inserting genes that produce cytotoxic substances, or modifying the immune system to destroy the tumor cells. (medscape.com)
STARD12 co-expressed genes participated in cell cycle and DNA replication, and STARD14 were enriched in ECM-receptor interaction. (medsci.org)
We also assessed the effect of WSC on the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and inflammation. (nih.gov)
Nowell, a tumor biologist in the pathology department at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, was interested in the relationship between cancer and alterations in genes (although he had no proof there was one). (laskerfoundation.org)
In other situations the response is cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death (apoptosis), providing a barrier to further tumour development that the tumour may ultimately circumvent through the acquisition of a mutation in one of the genes within the stress-response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
They are involved in a range of cellular processes, depending upon the transcriptional repressor that recruits them to DNA, and they suppress the transcription of genes that cause apoptosis (reviewed in Bergman et al, 2006a). (southampton.ac.uk)
The INK4/ARF locus encodes three tumor suppressor genes (p15 Ink4b , Arf and p16 Ink4a ) and is frequently inactivated in a large number of human cancers. (plos.org)
Interestingly, P-Tex cells expressed CDK4 genes as high as cancer cells, which could be simultaneously inhibited by CDK4 inhibitors and might be a potential reason for the ineffectiveness of CDK4 inhibitors in treating HPV-positive HNSCC. (elifesciences.org)
1) The alternation of protein levels of critical oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which causes by miRNAs deregulation may also lead to proliferative diseases such as cancer. (ukessays.com)
We investigated by real-time quantitative RT-PCR the expression profile of a panel of genes important in cell cycle regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, the 1p36 region is frequently deleted not only in NB, but also in other human cancer types, including those of neural, epithelial and hematopoietic origin, indicating that the same tumor suppressor genes might be involved in a broad range of human cancers [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor suppressor genes code for proteins that inhibit cell division and growth, acting as a control mechanism to prevent excessive cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)
Tumor suppressor genes can promote cellular senescence, a state in which cells stop dividing, preventing the replication of damaged DNA. (pharmiweb.com)
While macrophages were reported to act as one of the cells in LUAD, enrichment analysis of macrophage marker genes revealed the important role of macrophages in the activation of neutrophils. (aging-us.com)
Although several studies revealed the important role of immune cells and related marker genes impact on LUAD prognosis and process, a comprehensive understanding of TIME malignant and metastatic change in LUAD is still limited. (aging-us.com)
The total chromosomal content of a cell involves approximately 105 genes in a specialized macromolecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)

Apoptosis was measured by Hoechst 33258/propidium iodide double staining of nuclear chromatin and the formation of gaps into the lymphendothelial barrier in a three-dimensional co-culture model consisting of MCF-7 tumour cell spheroids and human lymphendothelial monolayers. (nature.com)
In HL-60 leukaemia cells, di-GA activated caspase 3 and dose-dependently induced apoptosis. (nature.com)
These data show that di-GA exhibits three distinct anticancer activities: induction of apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest and disruption of cancer cell-induced lymphendothelial disintegration. (nature.com)
p53 is a tumor suppressor that has a central role in regulating cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and apoptosis. (novusbio.com)
Casticin, a natural polymethoxyflavone isolated from A. annua, V. trifolia, and V. agnus‑castus induces apoptosis in cancer cells by activating FoxO3a. (spandidos-publications.com)
Conversely, FOXO3a overexpression suppresses cancer cell growth, induces apoptosis, and reduces tumor size by regulating downstream effectors ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. (degruyter.com)
Research into apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and cellular senescence is very important for understanding the intracellular functions that control cell survival and death. (dojindo.com)
Effects of three-dimensional culturing on osteosarcoma cells grown in a fibrous matrix: analyses of cell morphology, cell cycle, and apoptosis. (reprocell.com)
Conclusions: Therefore, we identified novel phosphorylation site of IκBα by AURK, and its site was related to apoptosis and necroptosis pathway in breast cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)
As a consequence, any modulations of the target transcript expression, miRNAs can affect various signalling pathways and cellular process such as apoptosis, proliferation or differentiation. (ukessays.com)
Unlike apoptosis, senescence is a state of which cells are still alive and metabolically active. (frontiersin.org)
They can trigger apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death, when a cell becomes irreparably damaged or poses a risk of becoming cancerous. (pharmiweb.com)
Normally, these cells are eliminated by apoptosis. (medscape.com)

Targeted molecular therapy against EGFR has shown promise as an adjuvant therapy in preliminary studies in several solid tumors, including head and neck cancer. (medscape.com)
A phase I/II trial investigating safety and efficacy of autologous TAC01-HER2 in relapsed or refractory solid tumors. (newswise.com)
A large amount of evidence indicates that the generation, malignant transformation and metastasis of many solid tumors can be regulated by ion channels. (jcancer.org)
In line with this observation, elevated extracellular lactate concentrations up to 40 mM and corresponding low extracellular pH (pH e ) have been found in solid tumors under hypoxic conditions [ 18 - 22 ]. (hindawi.com)

However, MTag's best-studied functions center on its interaction with host cell proteins to activate cellular signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
With the increased understanding of molecular mechanisms and basic pathways in the pathogenesis of squamous cell cancer of the head and neck , these pathways may be modified, and rational approaches in cancer therapy at the molecular level may be created. (medscape.com)
The TGFβ and Ras-MAPK pathways play critical roles in cell development and cell cycle regulation, as well as in tumor formation and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
In the absence of cellular transformation, these pathways operate. (biomedcentral.com)
GSEA analysis found STARD12 and STARD14 were associated with glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and tumor related signaling pathways. (medsci.org)
High abundance of glucose in the cytoplasm of a cancer cell also increases flux into other metabolic pathways such as hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L), has proven to be a modulator of multiple intercellular signalling pathways linked to inflammation, to proliferation, growth, invasion, drug sensitivity, angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. (researchgate.net)
Transcriptional responses to pathways: roles in the causes and treatment of cancer Intra-cellular stress-response pathways are activated in response to potentially deleterious conditions in the cell's environment. (southampton.ac.uk)
In single celled organisms these pathways are generally involved in ensuring the survival and replication of the individual cell. (southampton.ac.uk)
Stress-response pathways play a key role in the patho-physiology and treatment of many diseases, including cancer.At almost every stage of the development of a tumour, cells are exposed to some form of stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
Many current and prospective treatments for cancer work by either inhibiting, or re-activating stress response pathways.Our work focuses on the role of regulators of gene transcription in the response of cancer cells to stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
We have also developed interests in other pathways which regulate gene transcription and cancer cell proliferation in response to stress and changes in cell metabolism. (southampton.ac.uk)
A particular interest of our work has been how HDM2 and HDMX protein synthesis is controlled in response to cell-signalling pathways in different cell types, and how this affects p53 function in these cells. (southampton.ac.uk)
Reversible proteasome inhibition disrupts pathways supporting cell growth, thus decreasing cancer cell survival. (medscape.com)
These marker proteins are known to be tumor suppressors and regulate the cell cycle mainly through two pathways (p16Ink4a-RB and p53-p21CIP1). (dojindo.com)
The tumor suppressor pathways, ARF/MDM2/p53 and p16 INK4a /Rb, have been shown to play critical roles in the induction of cellular senescence [3] . (plos.org)
P-Tex cells could aggregate in the antigen-presenting cell niches and activate certain signaling pathways. (elifesciences.org)
It is involved in p53 pathways and is implicated in cell death/survival signaling, the cell cycle, and differentiation, thereby playing a regulatory role in carcinogenesis [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, scientists have found that this relationship is an important part of a number of complex cellular signaling cascade pathways, including Ras, β-catenin, myc, Rb, and many more. (shu.edu)
Among them, the Rho GTPase family plays a pivotal role in regulating the biochemical and cytoskeletal pathways relevant to cell migration. (rupress.org)
Next, the results of cell-cell communication analysis suggested that pericytes interact with broad immune cells via MDK-NCL pathways in metastasis samples, MIF-(CD74+CXCR4) and MIF-(CD74+CC44) interaction especially occurred between different cell types in tumor and normal samples. (aging-us.com)
The SDH enzyme links two important cellular pathways called the citric acid cycle (or Krebs cycle) and oxidative phosphorylation. (medlineplus.gov)
These pathways are critical in converting the energy from food into a form that cells can use. (medlineplus.gov)
Succinate acts as an oxygen sensor in the cell and can help turn on specific pathways that stimulate cells to grow in a low-oxygen environment (hypoxia). (medlineplus.gov)
A number of direct and indirect radiation interaction pathways can produce damage to the DNA of irradiated cells. (cdc.gov)

Antineoplastic agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
Platinum compounds inhibit cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
In addition, we studied the effect of WSC on the proliferation and cell cycle of alveolar type II cells and vascular endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
Most cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming that support their survival and proliferation. (degruyter.com)
Role of CtBP transcriptional repressors in cancer cell proliferation and survival In common with p53, CtBP1 and CtBP2 proteins were discovered through their physical association with a viral oncoprotein. (southampton.ac.uk)
Doxorubicin (DOX) is known as an anticancer drug that acts in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle to arrest cell proliferation and induce cellular senescence (see the upper left figure). (dojindo.com)
It was discovered when pulmonary fibroblasts slowed down their proliferation and eventually ended in cell death after cell passaging had been performed for more than 8 months. (dojindo.com)
However, it increases proliferation rates in some cell types (e.g. mesenchymal stem cells, osteosarcoma cells, HUVECs) which puts extra demands on nutrient supply and waste removal [1,2,3] . (reprocell.com)
The systems have been shown to improve cell proliferation and specific protein expression beyond that seen for static 3D cultures [4,5,6,7] . (reprocell.com)
The levels of glucose and secreted lactate contained in the cell culture medium were monitored as indicators of metabolic depletion, while protein syntheses and cell proliferation were measured by expression of phosphorylated Ribosomal protein S6 and cyclin D1. (reprocell.com)
Results suggested that perfusion culture reduces hypoglycemia, anaerobic stress, and preserves protein synthesis and cell proliferation. (reprocell.com)
Alanine transition of S63 and S262 (S63A and S262A) of IκBα induced inhibition of cell proliferation and suppression of p65 transcription activity. (researchsquare.com)
Cellular senescence is a fundamental cellular program that is activated after a finite number of cell divisions and operates to avoid further cell proliferation. (plos.org)
Tumor-Initiating Cells (TICs), also known as Cancer Stem Cells, refer to a subset of cancer cells capable of self-renewal proliferation and producing all other cancer cell types within a tumor. (mdpi.com)
Blocks cell proliferation, causing arrest in G 1 phase of the cell cycle. (tocris.com)
Our results further indicate that MCT4 promotes proliferation and survival by altered cell cycle regulation and cell death mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
For this purpose, we designed an MCT4 overexpression and knockdown/inhibition model to explore the functional consequences of MCT4 expression on cancer cell metabolism, survival, proliferation, migration, invasion potential, and angiogenesis as well as on cell cycle profiles and cell death mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
MicroRNAs control the levels of numerous cell cycle regulators that controls cell proliferation. (ukessays.com)
With its absence, the human body will be functioning without its "brake" of cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)
We found that BSW shMSLN cells had decreased cyclin E, and their proliferation rate was reverted to nearly that of untransformed cells. (cdc.gov)
Cell cycle analysis showed that the BSW shMSLN cells had an increased G2 population and a decreased S phase population, which is consistent with the decreased rate of proliferation. (cdc.gov)
Similarly, depletion in the STRIPAK component STRIP1 affects activation of GCKIII kinases and cell cycle disruption through elevated expression of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27, enhanced levels of which lead to a protective effect from therapeutic treatments and increased proliferation. (lu.se)
or physiological or as a description of key events and processes starting toxic effects that affect cell proliferation. (cdc.gov)

The term TICs is now more widely used in cancer biology, often referring to or overlapping with cellular origin of cancer, most recent common ancestor of cancer (based on sequencing data), cancer cells with stem cell-like properties, therapy-resistant cancer cells, or metastasis-initiating cells. (mdpi.com)
Our data suggest that genetic alterations of p53 in tumors are sufficient to promote motility and invasion, thereby contributing to metastasis. (rupress.org)
A critical event during tumorigenesis is the conversion from a static primary tumor to an invasive, disseminating metastasis. (rupress.org)
Some tumor suppressor proteins are involved in maintaining cell adhesion, preventing cells from breaking away and spreading to other parts of the body (metastasis). (pharmiweb.com)
Firstly, the transcriptome landscape of heterogeneous cell types in LUAD was analyzed and memory T cells, NK cells, and helper T cells were revealed to be the common immune cells in tumor, normal, and metastasis tissue, respectively. (aging-us.com)
In this study, we collected single-cell sequencing datasets of LUAD and applied an integrated bioinformatic method to depict the transcriptome characteristic of LUAD in normal, tumoral, and metastasis condition. (aging-us.com)

Vincristine inhibits cellular mitosis by inhibition of intracellular tubulin function, binding to microtubules, and synthesis of spindle proteins in the S phase. (medscape.com)
Finally, MCT4 inhibition mitigates the induction of angiogenesis, suggesting that MCT4 also plays a crucial role in tumor-related angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)
This may include oncomir (oncogenic miRNA) inhibition, or tumor suppressor-miRNA replacement therapies [ 6 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
1) For example, the down-regulation of miR15s and miR - 16 - 1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prostate cancer and pituitary tumours, leading to the inhibition of tumour growth and induce cell cycle arrest at the G 1 - phase by target cell cycle regulators ( cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin D3 and CDK6). (ukessays.com)

Myc) and tumour suppressors (e.g. p53). (york.ac.uk)
In the absence of Bmi1, M33, or Phc2, primary embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) are unable to progress into S phase, undergo premature senescence after only a few passages in culture and show an increased accumulation of the tumor suppressors p16 INK4a , p19 ARF and p15 INK4b [4] , [10] . (plos.org)
These are divided into two group, those miRNAs that are upregulated in cancer which are likely to be acting as oncogenes and those downregulated in cancer which are likely to be acting as tumour suppressors. (ukessays.com)
Tumor suppressors are involved in regulating the cell cycle, ensuring that cells only divide when necessary and that the process is tightly controlled. (pharmiweb.com)

By contrast, at a cellular "global" level PKA plays a major role downstream β1AR and results in an increase in LTCC current.Conclusions:Regulation of the LTCC activity by proximity coupling mechanisms occurs only via β2AR, but not β1AR. (imperial.ac.uk)
It also helped to open a very exciting avenue of research involving investigators with expertise in different aspects of growth control and cancer.Giordano's lab also discovered the tumor suppressor gene RB2/p130 and the cell cycle kinases CDK9 and CDK10, two other key players in cell cycle regulation and cell differentiation. (newswise.com)
Regulation of transcription and the correct succession of Pol2 in the transcriptional cycle is critically determined by post-translational modifications. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Some Example Projects: Regulation of HDM2 and HDMX proteins The HDM2 oncoprotein is the major negative regulator of p53 function in the cell. (southampton.ac.uk)
Tumor Suppressor Gene p16/INK4A/CDKN2A: Regulation Into and Out of the Cell Cycle in a Spontaneous Canine Model of Breast Cancer. (auburn.edu)
Background: The phosphorylation of NF-kappaB inhibitor alpha (IκBα) protein is pivotal to the regulation of NF-κB transcription factor activity in the cell. (researchsquare.com)
Finally, the results of ROC curves, immunohistochemical staining, immune cell infiltration and kinase / miRNA / transcription factor regulation showed that KCNK2, KCNK4, KCNK5 and KCNK15 levels could be used as biomarkers for PTC diagnosis. (jcancer.org)
1) The regulation of these protein levels is vital for the understanding of the cell cycle control and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)

MTag is expressed early in the infectious cycle along with two other related proteins, the small tumor antigen and large tumor antigen. (wikipedia.org)
Like STag, MTag has no enzymatic activity of its own, but has a number of protein-protein interaction sites that mediate interactions with proteins in the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
His early research includes seminal work done in 1989, demonstrating the importance of cell cycle proteins in the functioning of DNA tumor viruses. (newswise.com)
The proteasome pathway is an enzyme complex existing in all cells, which degrades ubiquitinated proteins that control the cell cycle and cellular processes and maintains cellular homeostasis. (medscape.com)
The activation/upregulation of these proteins are used as indicators of cellular senescence. (dojindo.com)
Our results suggest that in young cells Polycomb proteins are recruited to the INK4/ARF locus through CDC6 and the resulting silent locus is replicated during late S-phase. (plos.org)
Evidence supporting the direct control of the cell cycle by Pc-G proteins in vertebrates came from studies on mouse Bmi1 mutants. (plos.org)
In addition, proteome analysis of NBPF1-overexpressing DLD1 cells identified 32 differentially expressed proteins, of which several are implicated in carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrated that NBPF1 exerts different tumor suppressive effects, depending on the cell line analyzed, and provide new clues into the molecular mechanism of the enigmatic NBPF proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Many tumor suppressor proteins play a role in DNA repair, helping to correct genetic mutations and maintain the stability of the genome. (pharmiweb.com)
Cell adhesion molecules are a diverse group of proteins that play a crucial role in mediating cell-to-cell interactions and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions. (pharmiweb.com)
Both of these altered proteins lead to the eventual ability of cancer cell recurrence. (lu.se)
Cells depend on their DNA for coding information to make various classes of proteins that include enzymes, certain hormones, transport proteins, and structural proteins that support life. (cdc.gov)
Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)

In a separate project, scientists from the University of Oxford cultured the human pancreatic cancer cell line PSN-1 over a period of seven days, in either static or perfused conditions, using the Alvetex perfusion plate . (reprocell.com)
Besides, upregulated MCT4 has been linked to altered tumor metabolism as well as to increased growth and survival in breast and pancreatic cancer [ 33 , 34 ]. (hindawi.com)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 4 (MEN 4) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by adenomas and sometimes hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands and tumors of the pancreatic islet cells and/or pituitary gland. (msdmanuals.com)
Mesothelin (MSLN) is overexpressed in many human tumors, including mesotheliomas and pancreatic and ovarian carcinomas. (cdc.gov)
In highly heterogeneous tumours, like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) however, the characterisation of cancer stem cells has led to controversial results due to the lack of consensus on specific markers. (lu.se)
Here we investigated the characteristics of a population of pancreatic cancer tumorspheres derived from different human pancreatic cancer cell lines and a primary line from a genetically engineered KPC mouse model, using flow cytometry and western blotting to analyse surface and stemness markers. (lu.se)

Lung cancer is the first leading diagnosed malignant tumor globally [ 1 ]. (medsci.org)
It is estimated that there are 53,990 new cases of thyroid cancer in the US in 2018, and thyroid cancer was the fifth most common malignant tumor in American women [ 2 ]. (jcancer.org)

The HER (erbB) family of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases is one of the cytostatic targets in tumor cell growth and survival. (medscape.com)
This indicates the intricate control of metabolism and redox balance for survival of cancer cells that can be targeted by therapeutic agents. (degruyter.com)
In complex multi-cellular organisms such as man, they are critical in maintaining the normal function of each organ in the body, and the survival of the organism as a whole. (southampton.ac.uk)
CtBP activity is modified by UV radiation and glycolytic metabolism, suggesting that CtBPs regulate cell survival in response to cellular stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
The survival prognosis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is largely different, and little is known about the anti-tumor mechanism of tumor-infiltrated exhausted CD8 + T cells (Tex) in HNSCC. (elifesciences.org)
A proliferative exhausted CD8 + T cell cluster (P-Tex) which was beneficial to survival outcomes of patients with HPV-positive HNSCC was identified. (elifesciences.org)
However, there has only been one previous functional study investigating MCT4 in glioblastoma (GBM) neurospheres, mainly focusing on tumor growth and survival dependent on the oxygen level [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cell survival was determined 7, 8, or 9 days after RT by the sulforhodamine B test. (biomedcentral.com)

However, WSC induced cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence mediated by the p53-p21 pathway. (nih.gov)
p53 can control diverse transcriptional programs to regulate senescence and cell death programs as well as cellular metabolism (2). (novusbio.com)
Examples include exposure to toxic compounds or radiation, loss of contact with other cells or the extra-cellular matrix, lack of oxygen (hypoxia), acidic pH, the activation of oncogenes, induction of cellular senescence, oxidative damage or depletion of essential metabolites. (southampton.ac.uk)
Irreversible cell cycle arrest is one of the phenomena that characterize cellular senescence. (dojindo.com)
Cellular senescence is controlled by various factors such as cell type and physiological conditions, such as oxidative stress. (dojindo.com)
Therefore, it is desirable to determine and confirm cellular senescence using multiple indicators. (dojindo.com)
Cellular senescence was reported by Hayflick in 1981. (dojindo.com)
Subsequent studies have revealed that cellular senescence is caused not only by telomere length reduction, but also by external factors such as oncogene activation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. (dojindo.com)
The induction and control mechanisms of cellular senescence - in which genetic and external factors are intricately involved - have yet to be fully elucidated. (dojindo.com)
Recently, various fields have given particular attention to cellular senescence due to the recent discoveries of SASP (a known cancer-causing factor) and senescence-related phenomena in stem cell research. (dojindo.com)
When cells enter senescence the binding to RD of both PRC1 and PRC2 complexes is lost leading to a decreased level of histone H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). (plos.org)
In addition cellular senescence constitutes a tumor suppressor mechanism [1] , [2] . (plos.org)
Aging kidney and CKD share many common characteristic features with increased cellular senescence, a conserved program characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
Senescent cells elicit their fibrogenic actions primarily by secreting an assortment of inflammatory and profibrotic factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (frontiersin.org)
Increasing evidence indicates that senescent cells could be a promising new target for therapeutic intervention known as senotherapy, which includes depleting senescent cells, modulating SASP and restoration of senescence inhibitors. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role and mechanism of cellular senescence in kidney fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
Cellular senescence is characterized by an irreversible and permanent cell cycle arrest coupled with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we summarize the evidence linking cellular senescence to the pathogenesis of CKD and discuss current understanding of the mechanism and regulators controlling senescence. (frontiersin.org)

FOXO3a is considered an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor involved in various cellular processes, including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and tumor suppression ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In vivo, BSW shMSLN cells formed smaller primary tumors and less metastases. (cdc.gov)
Some retroperitoneal extragonadal germ cell tumors may represent metastases from a testicular cancer , with subsequent spontaneous necrosis of the primary tumor. (medscape.com)

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are incurable brain tumors with a prognosis of about one-and-a half years on average. (ucsf.edu)
Malignant gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors with an increasing incidence of up to nine per 100,000 habitants over the last years [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Researchers have recently discovered Mdm2 in human tumors and these scientists hypothesize that Mdm2 plays a role in tumorigenesis, with or without p53. (shu.edu)

Forced expression of NBPF1 in HEK293T cells resulted in a G1 cell cycle arrest that was accompanied by upregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 CIP1/WAF1 in a p53-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, forced expression of NBPF1 in two p53-mutant neuroblastoma cell lines also resulted in a G1 cell cycle arrest and CDKN1A upregulation. (biomedcentral.com)
We explore signalling alterations resulting in cancer stem cells as well as cell cycle arrest and cell fate determination. (lu.se)

The p53 tumour suppressor protein is a key component of one such stress-response pathway, and virtually all cancers loose functionality of the p53-stress response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
It may also function in M PHASE CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINTS and as an enhancer of TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53-mediated transcriptional activation. (bvsalud.org)

This family, which includes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), plays a pivotal role in normal cell growth, lineage determination, repair, and functional differentiation. (medscape.com)
and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
Let-7 Let-7 has an essential role in cell cycle and the differentiation of cell cycle terminals. (ukessays.com)

They found that cells in this surgical margin acted as niches of recurrence where non-malignant glia were broadcasting pro-growth signals that influenced the tumor cells to regrow. (ucsf.edu)
These paracrine (cell extrinsic) signals stimulated the activator protein (AP1) pathway, leading to mesenchymal transition, therapy resistance and tumor recurrence. (ucsf.edu)
This brain tumor type is highly proliferative and shows an infiltrative growth pattern, accounting for the high recurrence rates in patients. (hindawi.com)
In this study, we explore mechanisms in breast cancer cells that potentially lead to recurrence. (lu.se)
Alterations in both COMP and the STRIPAK complex are able to further affect cellular processes leading to recurrence capability in different ways. (lu.se)
In this compiled work, we elaborate on the effect of protein expression alterations and their resulting effect on recurrence capability of cells. (lu.se)

[ 1 ] Early stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is treated relatively well with single-modality therapy (either surgery or radiation alone). (medscape.com)
Go to Imaging of Nasopharyngeal and Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma for complete information on these topics. (medscape.com)
A growing body of research shows that human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common and increasing cause of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). (cdc.gov)
We focus on the role of HPV in the increased incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the head and neck cancer in which HPV is most commonly found ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Head and neck cancer most commonly is of the squamous cell carcinoma type (HNSCC) and includes cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, sinonasal tract, and nasopharynx. (cdc.gov)

A somewhat more common tumor antigen variant, an overprinted gene encoding a protein called ALTO, may be evolutionarily related to MTag. (wikipedia.org)
In the pituitary, adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing adenomas are the most common tumor (33%), whereas tumors that secrete prolactin (24%) or growth hormone (19%) are slightly less common. (msdmanuals.com)

In MPyV, MTag is an efficient oncoprotein that can be sufficient to induce neoplastic transformation in some cells. (wikipedia.org)
There are new opportunities to using data from molecular and cellular studies in order to bring together a fuller biological understanding of how chemicals induce neoplasia. (cdc.gov)

Quantification of cell-cycle state at a single-cell level is essential to understand fundamental three-dimensional (3D) biological processes such as tissue development and cancer. (nature.com)
Cancers can occur in most parts of the body and can be classified by the area of the body in which they arise or by the type of tissue or cell that formed them. (healthandenvironment.org)
The compelling conclusion that proliferative exhausted T cells are associated with response in HPV+ head and neck cancer is supported by the cohort of 14 patients with paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue and rigorous bioinformatic analysis of nearly 50,000 single CD3+ T cell transcriptomes. (elifesciences.org)
ZO-2 and ZO-3 are ubiquitously expressed within epithelial tight junctions, and unlike ZO-1, which is also expressed at cell junctions of cardiac myocytes, ZO-2 is not expressed in nonepithelial tissue. (thermofisher.com)
The 86 specimens contained the cellular tumor and adjacent non-malignant tissue from the surgical margin. (ucsf.edu)
Mdm2 is a proto-oncogene that is amplified in approximately 7% of cancers and is frequently seen in soft tissue tumors. (shu.edu)
They are involved in various cellular processes, including tissue development, immune responses, and maintenance of tissue integrity. (pharmiweb.com)
The molecules are found on the cell surface, where they facilitate adhesion to neighboring cells or the extracellular matrix, creating stable cell structures and supporting tissue organization. (pharmiweb.com)
They play a vital role in tissue development, maintaining tissue integrity, and organizing complex cellular structures. (pharmiweb.com)
Recently, next-generation sequencing, especially single-cell RNA sequencing is a possible option for the analysis of detailed cell population subtypes of LUAD from bulk tissue samples at single cell level [ 10 , 11 ]. (aging-us.com)
2. Mode of carcinogenic action cell and tissue changes over time. (cdc.gov)
Recent news of an impending clinical cell transplantation trial in Parkinson's disease using parthenogenetic stem cells as a source of donor tissue have raised hopes in the patient community and sparked discussion in the research community. (lu.se)

These findings reveal a novel mechanism for regulating AMPK/FoxO3a signaling in response to casticin, suggesting a new strategy for SCLC therapy by targeting cancer stem‑like cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
It is an alkylating agent, and its mechanism of action of active metabolites may involve cross-linking of DNA, which may interfere with growth of normal and neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)
From 1993 onwards, he began work at Geron Corporation (Menlo Park, California) in which he studied the mechanism of cellular immortalization as well as cellular aging and applied his findings in the search for therapies against both cardiovascular diseases and cancer. (stanford.edu)

At a time when the idea that cancer had a genetic basis was widely disbelieved, Nowell's results provided the first clear evidence that a particular genetic defect in a single chromosome can lead to a population or clone of identical cells that accumulate in numbers to form a deadly malignancy. (laskerfoundation.org)
In summary, our data highlight MCT4 /SLC16A3 as a key gene for distinct hallmarks of tumor malignancy in glioma cells. (hindawi.com)
We investigated the impact on tumor malignancy in F98 glioma cells using in silico analysis, in vitro cell culture assays, and ex vivo vascular organotypic glioma impact model (VOGIM) [ 35 ] by implanting F98 cells into rat brain slices. (hindawi.com)
Tumors are removed surgically if they cause symptoms or for suspected malignancy based on size criteria. (msdmanuals.com)
[ 1 , 2 ] In extragonadal germ cell tumors, no evidence of a primary malignancy is present in either the testes or ovaries by radiologic imaging or physical examination. (medscape.com)

Emerging evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of tumor cells, have the properties of self-renewal, heterogeneous progeny, drug-resistance, and carcinogenesis in vitro and in vivo ( 4 , 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
This process enables tumor cells, including those within the core of the heterogeneous tumor mass to survive, despite being at a distance from blood vessels that supply their metabolic needs [ 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

these 2 events, in turn, can inhibit growth of neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)
He has also examined the cooperativity of Withaferin A with other interventions that are known to inhibit gliomas such as combination therapies of Withaferin A with temozolomide, with other ginsenosides and with alternating electric fields (known as tumor treating fields or TTFields). (stanford.edu)

As our understanding of the molecular biology of HNSCC continues to develop, we can target the specific components of cancer cells that are not found in normal cells. (medscape.com)
This module will review current knowledge, underpinning principles and recurrent themes in the molecular and cellular biology of cancer. (york.ac.uk)
In this post, we will explore two examples of how perfusion systems can help improve the relevance of your 3D cell culture, based on two publications from Alvetex users in the field of developmental biology and cancer. (reprocell.com)
He also has professional interests in stem cell research, the biology of aging, cancer as well as telomere and telomerase biology. (stanford.edu)
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology. (lu.se)

Role of mesothelin in carbon nanotube -induced carcinogenic transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
In this study, the role of MSLN in the carcinogenic transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells chronically exposed to single-walled CNT (BSW) was investigated. (cdc.gov)
Together, our results indicate a novel role of MSLN in the malignant transformation of bronchial epithelial cells following CNT exposure, suggesting its utility as a potential biomarker and drug target for CNT-induced malignancies. (cdc.gov)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells (ie, small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis). (medscape.com)

Cell cycle-specific with activity in the S-phase as single agent and has for many years been combined with biochemical modulator leucovorin.Has activity as single agent that inhibits DNA replication and transcription. (medscape.com)
5-FU inhibits tumor cell growth through at least 3 different mechanisms that ultimately disrupt DNA synthesis or cellular viability. (medscape.com)
However, whether casticin inhibits in vitro carcinogenesis and cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics, and whether casticin activates FoxO3a in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells remain unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, whether casticin inhibits in vitro carcinogenesis and CSC characteristics in the SCLC H446 cell line, and activates FoxO3a remains unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
Inhibits cellular AKT phosphorylation at Thr308. (tocris.com)

The tiny Philadelphia chromosome became a clear and consistent marker of CML, a cancer of the myeloid or bone marrow cells, with broad implications for diagnosis and prognosis of disease. (laskerfoundation.org)
Together, our findings suggest a promising role for P-Tex cells in the prognosis of patients with HPV-positive HNSCC by providing modest but persistent anti-tumor effects. (elifesciences.org)

The process of transcription is composed of several consecutive functional steps called the transcriptional cycle. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Importantly, it is completely unclear if and how ubiquitylation controls the transcriptional cycle in unstressed cells. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
These mutations are typically seen in the DNA binding domain, which affects transcriptional activity and its overall cellular activities. (shu.edu)

Decreased expression of NBPF1 in neuroblastoma cell lines with loss of 1p36 heterozygosity and the marked decrease of anchorage-independent clonal growth of DLD1 colorectal carcinoma cells with induced NBPF1 expression further suggest that NBPF1 functions as tumor suppressor. (biomedcentral.com)

We investigated the new phosphorylation site for IκBα and identified its biological function in breast cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)

A prime example are malignant tumors, as continuously proliferating cancer cells depend on altered gene expression profiles and elevated transcription rates [1]. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
From each tumor biopsy, they performed single-nucleus RNA-seq which measures transcriptome-wide gene expression in individual cells, for thousands of cells at a time. (ucsf.edu)

Redirection of glutamine to cellular energetics destabilizes glutathione homeostasis in glioblastoma cells and other cancer cells [ 9 ]. (degruyter.com)
Microscopy of glioblastoma cells invading a brain organoid, with glioblastoma cells in green and brain organoid cells in blue. (ucsf.edu)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence has increased over the past two decades. (hindawi.com)
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of human malignancies, and its incidence appears to be increasing globally [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Translocation carcinoma is a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtype that harbors a translocation involving a member of the microphthalmia transcription factor gene family. (medscape.com)
In Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC), cells typically have voluminous cytoplasm, which can range from eosinophilic and granular to clear. (medscape.com)
In Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma, tumor cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and high nuclear grade are often arranged in large nests with a delicate, intervening vascular stroma. (medscape.com)

The effects of NBPF1 on the cell cycle were evaluated by flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)

Translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) arise from the proximal tubule epithelium, similar to conventional clear cell and papillary RCCs. (medscape.com)
Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas are generally cortical or subcapsular, well-circumscribed lesions with yellow-tan, variegated cut surfaces. (medscape.com)
Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) may have well-developed papillae, mimicking papillary RCCs. (medscape.com)
The nests of tumor cells in Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas may become centrally discohesive, giving rise to a pseudoalveolar growth pattern. (medscape.com)

Over the years, characterization and functional studies have revealed the complexity of ROS as signaling molecules that regulate various physiological cellular responses or whose levels are altered in various diseases. (degruyter.com)

Stable F98 glioma cell lines with MCT4 overexpression, normal expression, and knockdown were generated. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, MCT4 overexpression enhances cell migration and invasiveness via reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. (hindawi.com)
MSLN overexpression was found in human lung tumors, lung cancer cell lines, and BSW cells. (cdc.gov)
In occasional cells, this crossing over may lead to increased 12p copy number and overexpression of cyclin D2. (medscape.com)

The middle tumor antigen (also called the middle T-antigen and abbreviated MTag or MT) is a protein encoded in the genomes of some polyomaviruses, which are small double-stranded DNA viruses. (wikipedia.org)
Belantamab mafodotin is an antibody-drug conjugate that contains belantamab, an afucosylated humanised monoclonal IgG1k antibody specific for B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), produced using recombinant DNA technology in a mammalian cell line (Chinese Hamster Ovary) that is conjugated with maleimidocaproyl monomethyl auristatin F (mcMMAF). (medicines.org.uk)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85-90% of cases, while lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype [ 2 ]. (medsci.org)
In this manuscript, we report the in vitro mutagenicity of waterpipe smoke condensate (WSC), the alteration in cellular parameters of lung alveolar cells in response to WSC exposure and discuss the implication of cellular responses in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (nih.gov)
We here demonstrated that casticin decreased sphere‑ and colony‑formation capabilities, and downregulated uPAR and CD133 in second‑generation spheres, which were considered as lung cancer stem‑like cells (LCSLCs), from SCLC H446 cells, in a concentration‑dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a poorly differentiated and highly aggressive tumor, constitutes approximately 15% of all lung cancers ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
For example, breast cancer that spreads to and forms a metastatic tumor in the lung is metastatic breast cancer, not lung cancer. (healthandenvironment.org)
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of non-small cell lung cancer and accounts for approximately 40% of all lung cancer cases. (aging-us.com)
Cadmium can produce lung, pituitary gland and kidney tumors in animals and has been associated with lung cancer in humans in occupational epidemiologic studies. (cdc.gov)

The data reported here represent the first in vitro demonstration of the effect of waterpipe smoke on cellular parameters providing evidence of the potential involvement of WPS in the pathogenesis of COPD through impairing cellular growth and inducing inflammation. (nih.gov)
elicits antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities in vitro in solid and hematologic tumor cells. (medscape.com)
Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture can improve the performance and physiological relevance of immortalized and primary cells. (reprocell.com)
If this is the kind of results you want to achieve with your in vitro cell models, then adding perfusion can be done with minimal disruption to your existing protocols. (reprocell.com)
In vitro expansion of mesenchymal stem cells using 3-D matrix derived from cardiac fibroblast. (reprocell.com)
Distinct hallmarks of cancer were examined using in silico analysis, various in vitro cell culture assays, and ex vivo organotypic rat brain slice culture model. (hindawi.com)

Other partners of the intracellular metabolism of gemcitabine in relation to the cell cycle effects and DNA repair could be more responsible for the radiosensitising effect than dCK activity. (biomedcentral.com)

Clearance of small intestinal crypts involves goblet cell mucus secretion by intracellular granule rupture and enterocyte ion transport. (gu.se)

These techniques are essential for understanding p53's complex role in regulating cell behavior. (novusbio.com)
These findings suggest a tumor suppressor role for FOXO3a, which could constitute a potential target for cancer treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
10) Therefore, it is important to evaluate its role in the cell cycle and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)
L1CAM plays a role in neural development, axon guidance, and cell migration. (pharmiweb.com)
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of androgen signaling in tumor growth of AR-positive EMPD. (bvsalud.org)
The protein is involved in cellular growth and development and has an important role in regulating the cell cycle. (msdmanuals.com)
The functional role of MSLN in the BSW cells was then investigated by using stably transfected MSLN knockdown (BSW shMSLN) cells. (cdc.gov)
It plays a critical role in the cellular response to DNA DAMAGE and localizes to DOUBLE-STRAND DNA BREAKS. (bvsalud.org)

Various techniques have been developed for targeting cancer cells: gene therapy, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), antibody toxin conjugates, small-molecule inhibitors, antisense molecules, and tumor vaccines. (medscape.com)
However, despite the success of checkpoint inhibitors and the advent of cellular therapies, novel strategies need to be explored to (1) improve treatment in patients where these approaches fail and (2) make such treatments widely and financially accessible. (mdpi.com)

although it is derived from cells of the renal tubular epithelium, it has several histological subtypes which differ in their clinical outcome and biological features. (hindawi.com)
The authors used artificial neural croarrays is to study changes in gene ex- .nature organ the tumor arose from, how big it networks (ANNs) to identify gene-ex- pression that accompany changes in is, and what it looks like after it has pression signatures associated with spe- cell physiology, such as during develop- been imbedded in wax and colored cific subtypes of tumors. (lu.se)

However, the functional consequences of MCT4 expression on the distinct hallmarks of cancer have not yet been explored at the cellular level. (hindawi.com)
NO is also involved in cell kil ing but often used as a marker of oxidative Hanahan and Weinberg (2011), i n can also react with superoxide at DNA damage, although other bas- their landmark review "Hallmarks diffusion-limited rates to form per- es are also susceptible to oxidation. (who.int)

In turn, the plant produces GA, which seems to combat the improper growth signals and re-establishes cell-cycle control. (nature.com)
p53 integrates a variety of signals and allows cells to respond in a manner that is highly dependent on cellular context (2). (novusbio.com)

Most of the important molecular processes in the cell, such as DNA replication, are performed by large molecular network of protein-protein interactions. (researchsquare.com)
Cells are potent to go under abnormal growth processes and finally lead to tumor/cancer. (pharmiweb.com)

They found that some cells shift to a mesenchymal, radiation-resistant phenotype (state) as a stress response following standard therapy. (ucsf.edu)
These mesenchymal transitions were apparent in the tumor samples after therapy, along with increased numbers of cycling mesenchymal cells. (ucsf.edu)
Circular chromosomes have frequently been observed in tumors of mesenchymal origin. (bvsalud.org)

Normally, p53 allows cells to sense and respond to cellular stress such as DNA damage or hypoxia (2). (novusbio.com)

Tumors causing symptoms are surgically removed when possible. (msdmanuals.com)
Postoperative radiation can also be a useful adjunct when patients have aggressive tumors that were treated surgically or when surgery has failed to clear the margins of the tumor. (medscape.com)

Approximately 50% of all tumor types carry a p53 mutation. (shu.edu)
NB tumors are derived from the sympathetic nervous system and account for approximately 15% of cancer deaths in children [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The ZEBRA (Z EBV replication activator) protein is the major transcription factor of EBV, expressed upon EBV lytic cycle activation. (mdpi.com)
Moreover, we show that the Polycomb protein BMI1 interacts with CDC6, an essential regulator of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. (plos.org)
It acts as a tumor suppressor and when the protein is lost, cells can undergo unscheduled replication, which may eventually lead to cancer. (msdmanuals.com)

Cells may also exhibit bulging cell borders-a trait that has been referred to as "soap bubble" morphology. (medscape.com)

Targeted molecular therapy, like therapy with monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy, and other therapies, has limited or nonexistent side effects on normal cells of the body, unlike present modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. (medscape.com)
Are Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease Ready for the Clinic in 2016? (lu.se)
Stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's dis- ogy company International Stem Cell Corporation ease (PD) are rapidly moving towards clinical trials. (lu.se)

Here, we present an integrated workflow for quantitative in vivo cell-cycle profiling. (nature.com)
Analysis of mitosis and antimitotic drug responses in tumors by in vivo microscopy and single-cell pharmacodynamics. (nature.com)
Single-cell and subcellular pharmacokinetic imaging allows insight into drug action in vivo . (nature.com)

Lymphendothelial gaps, adjacent to tumour bulks, can be considered as gates facilitating metastatic spread. (nature.com)
Metastatic cancer has the same name and the same type of cancer cells as the original cancer. (healthandenvironment.org)

The goal of specific molecular targets in cancer therapy is to create a "magic bullet" that selectively kills cancer cells. (medscape.com)
Ideal targets should be both specific to cancer cells and commonly found in cancer cells. (medscape.com)
The goal of gene therapy is to introduce new genetic material into cancer cells that selectively kills them without causing toxicity to the surrounding cells. (medscape.com)
Cancer cells often maintain high basal level of ROS and are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS levels beyond a certain protective threshold. (degruyter.com)
Consequently, ROS-modulation has emerged as an anticancer strategy with synthesis of various ROS-inducing or responsive agents that target cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
Cancer cells also enhance glucose-uptake to fuel these enhanced metabolic activities [ 2 ]. (degruyter.com)
This is because cancer cells maintain high basal level of ROS, thus they are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS (Fig. 1 ). (degruyter.com)
In the late 1990s work from a number of groups, including Blaydes et al , demonstrated that HDM2 could be targeted in cancer cells to re-activate the p53 stress-response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
We have undertaken a series of projects examining how HDM2, and its paralogue HDMX is regulated in cancer cells (see Phillips et al, 2010, 2008, 2007, 2006a, 2006b and Phelps et al 2005, 2003). (southampton.ac.uk)
However, cancer cells could present resistance to the therapeutic compounds, and these compounds also have adverse effects. (benthamscience.com)
As cancer cells continue to grow and divide, they accrue more mutations, are less able to function as normal cells and displace healthy cells. (healthandenvironment.org)
Besides, S63A and/or S262A of IκBα regulated apoptotic and necroptic effects in breast cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)
LC-MS/MS analysis was used to investigate the proteome of DLD1 colon cancer cells with induced NBPF1 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
A similar p53-mediated transition is observed in melanoma A375P cancer cells. (rupress.org)

They facilitate adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells, enabling leukocyte extravasation into tissues during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)
VCAMs are involved in mediating the adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelial cells, facilitating the recruitment of immune cells during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)

In some circumstances, the activation of a stress-response pathway will actually help the tumour cell to survive and proliferate. (southampton.ac.uk)
We will provide viable cells that proliferate on revival. (abcam.com)

Cancerous cells have altered DNA and DNA expression. (healthandenvironment.org)
Benign tumors are not cancerous and may not pose a health risk, though tumors in the brain can be life threatening. (healthandenvironment.org)
Paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas are typically considered an undetermined tumor type, meaning they can be noncancerous (benign) or become cancerous (malignant) and spread to other parts of the body (metastasize). (medlineplus.gov)

respiratory burst (the rapid release of Reactions of oxygen radicals with Mitochondrial oxidative phosphor- reactive oxygen species from cells) cel ular components can deplete an- ylation is a major source of oxy- that involves nicotinamide adenine tioxidants, can cause direct oxidative gen radicals of endogenous origin. (who.int)

It combines image analysis and machine learning methods for automated 3D segmentation and cell-cycle state identification of individual cell-nuclei with widely varying morphologies embedded in complex tumor environments. (nature.com)
We aim to study the coupling between LTCC and β adrenergic receptors in different cardiomyocyte microdomains, the distinct involvement of PKA and CAMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) and explore how this functional complex is disrupted in heart failure.Methods:Global signaling between LTCCs and β adrenergic receptors was assessed with whole-cell current recordings and western blot analysis. (imperial.ac.uk)
Methods: Previously we observed that aurora kinase (AURK) binds IκBα in the cell. (researchsquare.com)
Due to the continuous improvement of modern diagnostic methods and other factors, thyroid cancer (TC) has become one of the common malignant tumors [ 1 ]. (jcancer.org)
All seeding densities should be based on cell counts gained by established methods. (abcam.com)

Anatomy18

Organisms11

Diseases54

Chemicals and Drugs76

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care3

Microenvironment9

Progression15

Genes17

Apoptosis14

Solid tumors4

Pathways25

Proliferation23

Metastasis6

Inhibition4

Suppressors4

Regulation8

Proteins14

Pancreatic6

Malignant tumor2

Survival8

Senescence18

Repair and tumor suppression1

Metastases2

Brain tumors2

Human tumors1

Arrest3

Suppressor protein2

Differentiation3

Recurrence6

Squamous Cell Carc5

Common tumor2

Induce2

Tissue12

Mechanism3

Malignancy5

Heterogeneous2

Inhibit2

Biology5

Epithelial4

Inhibits5

Prognosis2

Transcriptional3

Neuroblastoma1

Phosphorylation1

Gene expression2

Glioblastoma cells2

Renal Cell Carc5

Flow Cytometry1

Carcinomas4

Regulate1

Overexpression4

Antigen2

Lung7

Vitro6

Metabolism1

Intracellular1

Role8

Inhibitors2

Subtypes2

Hallmarks2

Signals2

Processes2

Mesenchymal3

Hypoxia1

Surgically2

Approximately2

Replication3

Morphology1

Therapies3

Vivo3

Metastatic2

Cancer cells15

Inflammation2

Proliferate2

Cancerous3

Oxidative1

Methods5