Cellular signaling pathways canonical nuclear localization signals. Medical search. Frequent questions

This signaling pathway is a highly conserved cell-to-cell communication system that regulates cell fate in development and disease. (5dok.org)
Notch signaling is a highly conserved signaling system that is required for embryonic development and regeneration of organs. (frontiersin.org)
Notch signaling is highly conserved cell signaling pathway, which is involved in diverse embryonic organs or tissue development as well as regeneration ( 1 - 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
Human INT1 has been found to be very similar to mouse INT1, thus most revealing the highly conserved nature of this pathway across species [3]. (chemdiv.com)

It is believed that TGF-β1 signalling is involved in controlling epithelial cell proliferation, to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and it plays a major role in lung fibrosis and emphysema. (springer.com)
Eph/ephrin signaling is a cell-to-cell communication pathway, which regulates cell migration and proliferation. (5dok.org)
New antitumor strategies using drugs targeted to intracellular signaling involved in cell proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis have become promising in recent years. (researchgate.net)
Wnt signaling regulates cell proliferation, cell polarity and cell-fate determination. (biomedcentral.com)
Several critical signaling pathways control cellular proliferation, migration, and polarization. (rupress.org)
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a critical role in embryonic development, maintenance of multipotent progenitor cell populations and proliferation of many tissue types [1] , [2] . (plos.org)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated as consequence of oxidative metabolism, activate signal transduction pathways, which contribute to cellular homeostasis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Emerging evidence shows that key signal transduction pathways including TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β), ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), and mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) regulate downstream gene expression through m 6 A processing. (molcells.org)
Conversely, m 6 A can modulate the activity of signal transduction networks via m 6 A modification of signaling pathway genes or by acting as a ligand for receptors. (molcells.org)
In this review, we will focus on how the signal transduction pathways, which play key roles in diverse physiological and pathological conditions, coordinate cellular processes through m 6 A. Given that m 6 A also controls signaling pathways through RNA modification or acting as a ligand, understanding the crosstalk between signal transduction networks and m 6 A RNA processing will provide us insights into the complex biological systems. (molcells.org)
Many signal transduction pathways are composed of modules that are remarkably conserved across species, such that lessons from different experimental model organisms have contributed to the understanding of molecular hierarchies that control signal communication in many cellular contexts. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies of the Wnt pathway provide a wonderful example of how researchers from different fields have contributed to a detailed understanding of a key signal transduction pathway [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The first step in the Wnt signal occurs when extracellular Wnt ligand binds Frizzled receptors on the cell surface, leading to the activation of several distinct transduction pathways (see Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
The Wnt pathway mediates the biological processes of the canonical or non-canonical pathway, depending on the involvement of β-catenin in signal transduction. (chemdiv.com)
MW) chemicals interact with host cells and molecules and In our daily life, we are confronted with a plethora of natural influence biologic processes such as signal transduction. (cdc.gov)

There are three human genes that encode for the dishevelled proteins: DVL1 DVL2 DVL3 DVL is an integral part of the Wnt canonical pathway (β-catenin dependent) and non-canonical pathway (β-catenin-independent). (wikipedia.org)
Lastly, we elucidated that these nanoparticles could upregulate the downstream genes of Notch signaling, indicating that the payload was viable and successfully altered the genetic downstream effects. (frontiersin.org)
Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein interaction studies, and phenotype rescue analyses reveal that LETR1 is a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C , governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. (nature.com)
The up-regulated development-relevant genes included several users of transcription factor families like the Sry-related high flexibility group container and forkhead container, and genes linked to the Wnt/-catenin pathway [6,7]. (thetechnoant.info)
Axin recruitment to the PM represents a key step in β-catenin stabilization, which ultimately leads to β-catenin nuclear translocation to act as a coactivator of transcription with T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (TCF/LEF) at Wnt target genes. (rupress.org)
Our data rule out a model suggesting that xKaiso is a direct repressor of Wnt signalling target genes in early Xenopus development via binding to promoter-proximal CTGCNA sequences as part of a xTcf3 repressor complex. (biologists.com)
Additional screens for MMTV provirus entry sites in tumors revealed several other upregulated genes that are associated with other gene development pathways such as INT2, INT3, and INT4 [4,5,6]. (chemdiv.com)

Notch signaling regulates cell-fate determination during activation by signal sending and receiving, affected through ligand-receptor crosstalk. (frontiersin.org)
In endothelium, Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) is one of main ligands to send a signal to Notch in the adjacent cell ( 4 , 6 ) ( Figure 1A ). (frontiersin.org)
The pathway is named after its main ligand hedgehog. (thetechnoant.info)
In addition to ligand-regulated degradation of β-catenin, Wnt signaling is antagonized by extracellular factors that inhibit the ability of Wnt ligands to bind to Fzd and initiate signaling, such as the secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP1, WNT inhibitory factor (WIF) and dickkopf (DKK) [3] . (plos.org)
Tumor-proximal fibroblasts comprise large populations of myofibroblasts, strongly expressed podoplanin, and were enriched for Wnt ligand signaling. (elifesciences.org)

It is thought to interact with the SPATS1 protein when regulating the Wnt Signalling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
These regions mediate protein-protein interactions and help DVL channel signals into either the β-catenin or the β-catenin independent pathways. (wikipedia.org)
All members of transforming growth factor superfamily are synthesized as pre-pro-peptides that consist of a short N-terminal signalling peptide, a latency-associated protein (LAP) domain and the mature TGF domain [ 42 ]. (springer.com)
However, recent studies have suggested that BRAFi/MEKi and ERK1/2i resistance can arise through activation of a parallel signalling pathway leading to activation of ERK5, an unusual protein kinase that contains both a kinase domain and a transcriptional transactivation domain. (babraham.ac.uk)
Finally, we identify the region of the Lrp6 protein with Wnt/PCP activity to a stretch of 36 amino acids, distinct from regions required for Wnt/β-catenin signaling. (silverchair.com)
Structure-function analysis of the Dishevelled (Dsh) protein in frog embryos has defined sequences that regulate Dsh nuclear localization, which proves critical for Wnt signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
But it is becoming increasingly clear that protein subcellular localization can be extremely dynamic, allowing key proteins to play different roles in different compartments. (biomedcentral.com)
Now, in Journal of Biology [ 1 ], Sergei Sokol and colleagues show that the Dishevelled (Dsh) protein of the Wnt signaling pathway can shuttle in and out of the nucleus (see 'The bottom line' box for a summary of the work and 'Background' for further explanations and definitions). (biomedcentral.com)
The canonical Wnt pathway involves stabilization of the intracellular protein β-catenin . (biomedcentral.com)
The intracellular protein Dishevelled is common to both canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways, raising the question of how this mysterious protein acts at the signal crossroads. (biomedcentral.com)
β-Catenin is a fascinating protein with many important cellular and developmental functions. (chemdiv.com)
The roles of b-catenin are 'classically' defined: as an adhesion protein and as a signaling protein, transducing extracellular signals to the nucleus to modify gene expression. (chemdiv.com)
β -catenin has many binding partners that mediate a diverse set of cellular functions, and the protein probably acts as a 'hub' on which many cellular signaling networks impinge. (chemdiv.com)
Here I pursued my scientific interests in subcellular protein localisation, bioinformatics, and mathematical modelling. (brookes.ac.uk)
My additional independent research on ER localisation and splicing in auxin biosynthesis showed for the first time ER-localisation for an auxin biosynthetic protein. (brookes.ac.uk)
Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
With the histone of synthesis, the signaling glutamate is to introduce released well nuclear after protein. (evakoch.com)
IL23 aims degradative and known in different similar cellular collagens clock-wise as aciduria, Edition, protein and methionine. (evakoch.com)
Mechanistically, we demonstrated that TRIM28 could physically interact with receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and promote K63-linked ubiquitination of RIPK1, which is crucial for sustaining activation of the NF-κB pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Subcellular localization critically influences protein function, and cells control protein localization to regulate biological processes. (elifesciences.org)
Protein function is critically determined by subcellular localization, as organelles offer different chemical environments and interaction partners. (elifesciences.org)
In order to regulate protein activity, many biological processes involve changes in protein subcellular localization. (elifesciences.org)
Many AARS have been linked to human diseases caused not by defects in protein assembly but by these other non-canonical functions. (fascea.pics)

Thus, activated, type I subunits recruit and phosphorylate receptor SMADs (R-smad), which are the first intracellular mediators of TGF-β signalling. (springer.com)
Evidences suggest that Ca 2+ channels TRP and Orai participate in the intracellular Ca 2+ signaling involved the physiological angiogenesis processes [17]. (researchgate.net)
Thus, our discovery of the role of functional interaction between intracellular signaling pathways mediated by calcium ions (Ca 2+) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) (Ca 2+ /cAMP signaling interaction) in these cellular responses, opened a great avenue for the development of new antitumor therapeutic strategies. (researchgate.net)
Mitochondria, a powerhouse of the cell, are rich in a large number of enzymes, which not only participate in cellular oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis, but also regulate intracellular calcium ions and reactive oxygen species to maintain cellular homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)

Based on this work I won a fellowship from the Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies to investigate the subcellular localisation of maize auxin biosynthesis at Dankook University in Seoul which lead to a publication that showed for the first time that both steps of the TAA/YUC pathway of auxin biosynthesis can be ER-localised. (brookes.ac.uk)

The m 6 A-modified RNAs then recruit m 6 A-binding proteins (readers) that guide these RNAs for RNA biogenesis processes such as pre-mRNA splicing, nuclear export, stabilization, degradation, and translation. (molcells.org)
Many Wnts sort out particular receptors (Frizzled category of receptors and LRP5/6 co-receptors) and influence degradation and nuclear localization of -catenin. (thetechnoant.info)

The Wnt canonical pathway moves DVL between the cytoplasm and nucleus, via a conserved nuclear export sequence (NES) and a nuclear localization sequence (NLS), both necessary for proper functioning. (wikipedia.org)
Additionally, there is the conserved nuclear export sequence (NES) and a nuclear localization sequence (NLS), whose ability to move DVL between the cytoplasm and the nucleus may be an important part of its function. (wikipedia.org)
The MACOM complex does not have catalytic activity, but it is necessary for efficient m 6 A methylation by recruiting RNA substrates and stabilizing the MAC-MACOM complex in the nucleus and nuclear speckles. (molcells.org)
such studies have defined the molecules that ensure signals initiated at the cell surface are efficiently transmitted to the cell nucleus, where they often result in the induction of a specific gene-expression program. (biomedcentral.com)
Speaking more specifically, β-catenin is an integral structural component of cadherin-based adhesive junctions as well as it a key nuclear effector of canonical in nucleus Wnt signaling. (chemdiv.com)

Notch receptors are processed in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus within the signal-receiving cell, through cleavage and glycosylation, generating a Ca 2+ -stabilized heterodimer composed of NECD non-covalently attached to the transmembrane NICD inserted in the membrane called S1 cleavage. (frontiersin.org)
Membrane-spanning proteins often function as receptors involved in recognition and cell adhesion, whereas nuclear proteins frequently play a role in regulating gene expression and transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
Frizzled receptors can also initiate an independent ' non-canonical ' Wnt pathway that diverges to regulate complex developmental events involved in planar cell polarity and convergent extension movements during embryo development, via small GTPases and the JNK kinase. (biomedcentral.com)
Within this pathway, Dishevelled interprets and propagates signals from 19 Wnts engaging 10 Frizzled (Fzd) receptors/co-receptors embedded in the plasma membrane (PM). For years, interest in how Dishevelled receives, interprets, and relays this information has been immense. (rupress.org)

These resistance mechanisms frequently involve reinstatement of ERK1/2 signalling and BRAFi are now deployed in combination with one of three approved MEK1/2 inhibitors (MEKi) to provide more durable, but still transient, clinical responses. (babraham.ac.uk)
While much is known about biochemical signaling, many of the mechanisms that drive cell outcome in response to biophysical influences remain to be uncovered. (5dok.org)
Zebrafish Fin: Complex Molecular Interactions and Cellular Mechanisms Guiding Regeneration. (uni-ulm.de)
Understanding the functional biology of CSCs - especially the signaling pathways that are involved in their self-renewal mechanisms - is crucial for discovering new forms of treatment. (docksci.com)
Moreover, we propose these nanomaterials for the inhibition of the selfrenewal pathways of CSCs by focusing on the Hedgehog, Notch, and Wnt/b-catenin selfrenewal mechanisms. (docksci.com)
They also develop specific strategies to increase ROS resistance, which include deviation of the glycolytic flux into the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) or changes in other enzymatic mechanisms enhancing ROS detoxification [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
The ISR (Fig. 1 ) is a complex signaling pathway that regulates cellular responses to stress stimuli and enables either adaptation or the instigation of cell death mechanisms [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Consequently, there exists an urgent need to gain a deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the antitumor immune response. (biomedcentral.com)

During growth, development and disease, extracellular signals are communicated, or transduced, into the cell and in such a way as to elicit a particular cellular response. (biomedcentral.com)

Dishevelled (Dsh) is a family of proteins involved in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signalling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)
m 6 A recruits effector proteins that determine the fate of mRNAs through changes in splicing, cellular localization, stability, and translation efficiency. (molcells.org)
The roles of the other proteins in the two pathways, and of the Dsh motifs, are discussed in the text. (biomedcentral.com)
We initially used maps statically to generate a database with localization and absolute copy number information for over 8700 proteins from HeLa cells, approaching comprehensive coverage. (elifesciences.org)

Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling is initiated by binding of Wnt ligands to Frizzled (Fzd)-LRP5/6 receptor complexes, leading to inactivation of the destruction complex and stabilization of β-catenin. (plos.org)
β-catenin is a component of the complex cadherin complex whose stabilization is required to activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling. (chemdiv.com)

In this study, we aim to leverage these metabolic changes as potential biomarkers for assessing ovarian cancer.A functional module-based approach was utilized to identify key gene expression pathways that distinguish different stages of ovarian cancer (OC) within a tissue biopsy cohort. (stanford.edu)
In response to environmental changes, signaling pathways rewire gene expression programs through transcription factors. (molcells.org)

To further explore these altered molecular pathways, minimal spanning tree (MST) analysis was applied, leading to the formulation of metabolic biomarker hypotheses for OC liquid biopsy. (stanford.edu)
Targeted therapies exploit molecular vulnerabilities unique to cancer cells and typically alter cellular signaling pathways to inhibit tumorigenic growth and promote cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, an improved understanding of the molecular signaling pathways modulated by targeted therapies is critical to enhancing the efficacy of these agents. (biomedcentral.com)
DAMPs, damage-associated tissues and the molecular target structures and pathways. (cdc.gov)

Instead, we propose that mutual inhibition by Kaiso/TCF3 of their DNA-binding functions may be important in developmental or cancer contexts and acts as a regulatory node that integrates epigenetic and Wnt signalling pathways. (biologists.com)

To activate canonical signaling, Wnt ligands bind to a Fzd receptor/co-receptor complex to initiate signaling at the PM. This Wnt/receptor complex recruits Dvl to Fzd where Dvl serves as a binding partner for Axin. (rupress.org)

In either of these, DVL acts downstream of a Frizzled receptor, although the pathways are distinct. (wikipedia.org)
Distinct cellular stresses cause the phosphorylation and activation the eIF2α kinases PERK, PKR, GCN2 and HRI. (biomedcentral.com)

This suggests that DNA replication following escape from G1 arrest in drug is more error prone and provides a potential explanation for the DNA damage observed under long-term RAF-MEK-ERK1/2 pathway inhibition. (babraham.ac.uk)

The planar cell polarity pathway (PCP) is the most notable β-catenin independent pathway - the Wnt signal is received by the Frizzled receptor, which relays signals to DVL, which then acts as a branch point for two independent pathways, leading to the activation of small GTPases Rho and Rac. (wikipedia.org)
This pathway can switch off the Wnt/β-catenin cascade and it can also be inhibited by DVL activation. (wikipedia.org)
dGLYAT was found to regulate Gadd45 -mediated JNK pathway activation and cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)
Firstly, loss of dGLYAT suppressed scrib depletion- or Egr overexpression-induced JNK pathway activation and invasive cell migration. (sdbonline.org)
The NF-κB pathway is central pathway for inflammatory and immune responses, and IKKγ/NEMO is essential for NF-κB activation. (mdpi.com)
Notch signal activation. (frontiersin.org)
Activation of the VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling and expression of blood vascular endothelial cell (BEC) markers, such as NRP1 and EphrinB2, further differentiate these precursor cells into BECs, which then form the hierarchical network of blood vessels 4 . (nature.com)
A common mechanism through Smad activation applies to signaling mediated by all TGF-beta superfamily members. (thetechnoant.info)
Loss-of-function mutations in APC or AXIN or activating mutations in the gene encoding β-catenin, CTNNB1 , lead to aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and have been causally linked to tumorigenesis of the colon, liver and skin [1] , [4] . (plos.org)

Hedgehog signaling pathway: A pathway critical in development. (thetechnoant.info)
In this context, TGF-/Smad, Wnt/-catenin, BMP, PTEN, and people from the hedgehog and various other groups of secreted elements pathways operate through organic responses and interconnections loops. (thetechnoant.info)

The blood and lymphatic vascular systems are essential for the efficient transport of oxygen, nutrients, signaling molecules, and leukocytes to and from peripheral tissues, the removal of waste products, and the preservation of fluid homeostasis. (nature.com)

Wnt signaling regulates β-catenin-mediated gene transcription and planar cell polarity (PCP). (silverchair.com)
Planar cell polarity enables posterior localization of nodal cilia and left-right axis determination during mouse and Xenopus embryogenesis. (xenbase.org)

PTEN/PI3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway: The development and function of many tissues that feature tubular networks, including the lung, are regulated by intricate programs of epithelial cell morphogenesis. (thetechnoant.info)

Nuclear -catenin interacts with transcription elements such as for example LEF-1/T cellCspecific transcription aspect to have an effect on transcription. (thetechnoant.info)
We demonstrate that a direct interaction between the methyl-CpG-dependent transcription repressor Kaiso and xTcf3, a transducer of the Wnt signalling pathway, results in their mutual disengagement from their respective DNA-binding sites. (biologists.com)
The complex transcription is converted through the cerebellar localization into the t. sterically in the synthesis, the 10e6 diversity mature RNA( vRNA) is reviewed into stature RNA( mRNA) by a Ser1177 cancer. (evakoch.com)

But if this is not possible, oxidative stress finally activates signals that will lead to cell death. (hindawi.com)

In adults, dysregulation from the Wnt pathway qualified prospects to a number of abnormalities and degenerative illnesses, including fibrosis and cancer. (thetechnoant.info)

In embryos with decreased Lrp6 levels, cells of the dorsal marginal zone (DMZ), which undergoes extensive cellular rearrangements during gastrulation, exhibit decreased length:width ratios, decreased migration, and increased numbers of transient cytoplasmic protrusions. (silverchair.com)

Dishevelled plays important roles in both the embryo and the adult, ranging from cellular differentiation and cell polarity to social behavior. (wikipedia.org)
This article presents the roles of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cancer and current therapeutic strategies involving this pathway. (chemdiv.com)
Then, beginning in the 1990s, Schimmel and others began to discover non-canonical functions in higher eukaryotes, beginning with unexpected roles in angiogenesis. (fascea.pics)

Regulation of arteriovenous specification and differentiation in both endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are also involved in Notch signaling including regulation of blood vessel sprouting, branching during normal and pathological angiogenesis, and the physiological responses of vascular smooth muscle cells ( 4 , 6 , 7 , 21 - 23 ). (frontiersin.org)
The conservation of the dysplasia in the release may transform a able P in some shift II responses as it may light the electricity of also signaling esters to exhibit with the ratio or it's liver. (evakoch.com)

The Wnt co-receptor, Lrp6, is required for signaling along the β-catenin arm. (silverchair.com)

We have therefore investigated the role of matrix stiffness in Notch signaling in breast cancer cells. (5dok.org)
Aberrant Notch signaling in breast cancer has been found to correlate with invasion and patient outcome. (5dok.org)
We propose an opportunity to target the cancer cell/microenvironment interface instead of the Notch pathway itself in the development of cancer therapies. (5dok.org)
Delivering exogenous genetic materials encoding Notch into cells can reestablish downstream signaling and rescue cellular functions. (frontiersin.org)
Defects in Notch signaling also cause inherited cardiovascular diseases, such as Left Ventricular Non-compaction and Alagille syndrome ( 4 , 7 , 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
When a disruption in this Notch pathway occurs, either by chemical or genetic means, it causes developmental malformations. (frontiersin.org)

But Wakasugi went further and, in fact, the TyrRS carboxyl domain behaved exactly like EMAP II, inducing cultured phagocytes and leukocytes to migrate and release inflammatory signals. (fascea.pics)

This triggered an increase in paracellular permeability via cellular redistribution of claudin 3 (CLDN3) from TJs into cell nuclei followed by disruption of epithelial integrity and formation of epithelial lesions. (springer.com)

Here, we show that NEMO phosphorylation by GSK-3β leads to NEMO localization into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). (mdpi.com)

Despite its importance, our understanding of Dvl regulation and how it propagates downstream signals has remained limited. (rupress.org)

The recently described role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the regulation of immune cell infiltration of microenvironment tumor resumes interest because of its potential impact to rection of immune therapy. (chemdiv.com)
Understanding the regulation of MDSC recruitment and function by TRIM28 provides crucial insights into the association between TRIM28 signaling and the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)

Figure 1 shows how the Ca 2+ /cAMP signaling interaction could be pharmacologically modulated by the combined use of the Ca 2+ channel blockers (CCB) and drugs that promote the increase of [cAMP] c (cAMP-enhancer compounds). (researchgate.net)
The pharmacological modulation of Ca2+/cAMP signalling interaction is also cited. (researchgate.net)

Dsh relays complex Wnt signals in tissues and cells, in normal and abnormal contexts. (wikipedia.org)

NRP-1 can produce neuroprotective effects against I/R injury to the brain by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and promoting mitochondrial structural repair and functional recovery, which may serve as a promising candidate target in treating ischemic stroke. (biomedcentral.com)
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a branch of a functional network that is involved in a broad range of biological systems including stem cells, embryonic development and adult organs. (chemdiv.com)

Upon an electrochemical switch, growth factor presentation was reversed, which initiated cellular differentiation along the neuronal lineages. (5dok.org)

Furthermore, we demonstrate that breast cancer cells that harbor activated β-catenin activity exhibit enhanced sensitivity to pharmacological blockade of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. (plos.org)

NF-κB signaling negatively regulates osteoblast dedifferentiation during zebrafish bone regeneration. (uni-ulm.de)

The Wnt signaling machinery is tightly regulated, and disruption of components of the signaling pathway have been implicated in diseases including cancer [ 2 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

These are as follows: sustained proliferative signalling, cell death resistance, replicative immortality, genome instability and increased mutations, tumour-promoted inflammation, insensibility to growth repressors, deregulation of cellular energetics, evasion of immune destruction, induction of metastasis, and promotion of angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)

TGF- signaling: The TGF- superfamily of development factors which includes TGF-, activins, and BMPs regulates various biological procedures during embryonic development as well as in adult life. (thetechnoant.info)

Another pathway independent of β-catenin is the Wnt-Ca2+ pathway, which is involved in cancer, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. (wikipedia.org)
The RAS-regulated RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signalling pathway is frequently de-regulated in human cancer. (babraham.ac.uk)
Stiffened tumor stroma is a hallmark of cancer and understanding mechanosensitive pathways involved in the onset of cancer is key in identifying strategies for cancer treatment. (5dok.org)
Altered expression of the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway in ovarian cancer: metabolic biomarkers and biological implications. (stanford.edu)
Aberrant β-catenin signaling plays a key role in several cancer types, notably colon, liver and breast cancer. (plos.org)
To uncover genetic dependencies in breast cancer cells that harbor active β-catenin signaling, we performed RNAi-based loss-of-function screens in breast cancer cell lines in which we had characterized β-catenin activity. (plos.org)
These studies identify CK1ε as a critical contributor to activated β-catenin signaling in cancer and suggest it may provide a potential therapeutic target for cancers that harbor active β-catenin. (plos.org)
More generally, these observations delineate an approach that can be used to identify druggable synthetic lethal interactions with signaling pathways that are frequently activated in cancer but are difficult to target with the currently available small molecule inhibitors. (plos.org)
An imbalance in the structural and signaling properties of β-catenin often leads to disease and unregulated growth associated with cancer and metastasis. (chemdiv.com)
The integrated stress response is a signaling pathway activated in cancer cells in response to both dysregulated growth and metabolism, and also following exposure to many therapies that appears one such targetable pathway for improved treatment of these diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

Thus, in order to avoid excessive ROS generation, they switch the utilization of metabolic pathways that require mitochondrial respiration to fermentation [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

When the signal is lost, maldevelopment occurs and leads to a lethal state. (frontiersin.org)

The central participant in the signaling cascade from the canonical Wnt pathway is normally -catenin. (thetechnoant.info)

One pathway widely recognized for its influence over these processes in both normal development and pathophysiology is the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway ( 1 ). (rupress.org)

Thermal stability assays show that ERKi do not destabilise ERK2 (or ERK1) in vitro, suggesting that ERK2 turnover is a cellular consequence of ERKi binding. (babraham.ac.uk)

AAV-NRP-1 and LV-NRP-1 treatments increased the wingless integration (Wnt)-associated signals and β-catenin nuclear localization. (biomedcentral.com)

The integrated stress response (ISR) is an adaptive signaling pathway that contributes to the biology of a number of hematologic malignancies since they are inherently prone to numerous cellular stresses [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Cross-talk pathways: Rising evidence supports the idea the fact that cell response to extrinsic signals relies not only on the effect of a single pathway, but around the integration of numerous signals from a plethora of cross-talking pathways. (thetechnoant.info)

Nussе and Varmus identified components of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in 1982 in a study of oncogenic breast tumor viral diseases (MMTV) [1]. (chemdiv.com)

This in turn signals the surrounding cells to determine the cell-fate ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)

Anatomy26

Organisms20

Chemicals and Drugs99

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes65

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Highly conserved4

Proliferation6

Transduction9

Genes7

Ligand5

Protein23

Intracellular4

Subcellular1

Degradation2

Nucleus5

Receptors4

Mechanisms8

Extracellular signals1

Proteins5

Stabilization2

Gene expression2

Molecular4

Epigenetic1

Activate1

Distinct2

Inhibition1

Activation9

Hedgehog2

Molecules1

Planar2

Kinase1

Transcription3

Oxidative1

Dysregulation1

Decreased migration1

Roles3

Responses2

Receptor1

Notch6

Inflammatory1

Epithelial1

Phosphorylation1

Downstream1

Regulation2

Interaction2

Tissues1

Functional2

Differentiation1

Pharmacological1

Negatively1

Disruption1

Mutations1

Embryonic development1

Cancer10

Metabolic1

Lethal1

Cascade1

Development1

Stability1

Wingless1

Biology1

Plethora1

Tumor1

Cell fate1