Cellular localization characterization nuclear localization signals. Medical search. Frequent questions

Accordingly, the subcellular localization of NLS1 and NLS2 in TWIST protein was investigated in U2-OS cells following co-transfection with E12. (uni-marburg.de)
Subcellular localization critically influences protein function, and cells control protein localization to regulate biological processes. (elifesciences.org)
Protein function is critically determined by subcellular localization, as organelles offer different chemical environments and interaction partners. (elifesciences.org)
In order to regulate protein activity, many biological processes involve changes in protein subcellular localization. (elifesciences.org)

In particular, TWIST NLS1 altered at amino acid position K38R was found to be retained in the cytoplasm of transiently transfected U2-OS cells, suggesting that NLS1 is functional and essential for the nuclear transport of TWIST. (uni-marburg.de)
Additionally, to understand the role of the TWIST NLS2 in nuclear localization, amino acid at positions 73, 76 and 77 were substituted in this motif. (uni-marburg.de)
Characterization of disease-associated single amino acid polymorphisms in terms of sequence and structure properties. (xenbase.org)
A third approach, which is complementary, exploits the differences in amino acid composition of proteins associated to different cellular locations, and can be useful if motif and homology information are missing. (biomedcentral.com)
Previous work has shown that the PET signal of gliomas in TSPO PET and amino acid PET ([18F]FET) are different and also differ from contrast enhancement in MRI. (uni-regensburg.de)

Membrane-bound HER receptors activate numerous tumor promoting signaling cascades via this mechanism, including the PI3K/AKT, Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk, PLCγ/PKC, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways [1] , [2] . (plos.org)
At the cellular level, the actions of glucocorticoids are mediated by a 94-kd protein, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The human (h) GR belongs to the steroid/thyroid/retinoic acid superfamily of nuclear receptors and functions as a ligand-dependent transcription factor that regulates the expression of glucocorticoid-responsive genes positively or negatively. (medscape.com)

We initially used maps statically to generate a database with localization and absolute copy number information for over 8700 proteins from HeLa cells, approaching comprehensive coverage. (elifesciences.org)
EN] RNA-binding proteins play a central role in post-transcriptional mechanisms that control gene expression. (upv.es)
Identification of novel RNA-binding proteins in fungi is essential to unravel post-transcriptional networks and cellular processes that confer identity to the fungal kingdom. (upv.es)
Moreover, modulation of the proteins involved in cellular metal homeostasis may help in the regulation of metabolism, adaptability to a diverse range of environmental conditions, and biofortification. (frontiersin.org)
At the sub-cellular scale, maps document the spatial organization of proteins, RNA, DNA, and metabolites with nanometer precision and temporal acuity on the order of seconds. (stanford.edu)
hPSC-enriched essential genes mainly encode transcription factors and proteins related to cell-cycle and DNA-repair, revealing that a quarter of the nuclear factors are essential for normal growth. (nature.com)
Proteins perform their functions in associated cellular locations. (biomedcentral.com)
For stage one, we trained multiple Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to score eukaryotic protein sequences for membership to each of three categories: nuclear, cytoplasmic and extracellular, plus extra category nucleocytoplasmic, accounting for the fact that a large number of proteins shuttles between those two locations. (biomedcentral.com)
The cell's functional machinery - proteins - need to be present at specific cellular compartments so that cells can function properly. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore computational prediction of protein features from their sequence is often used for designing strategies for experimental characterization of proteins and is also important for genome annotation and drug target identification [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A putative nuclear localization signal, a nuclear export signal, and a cytoplasmic retention locus have been identified in the VHL protein. (nih.gov)
Reports discussing cMYC protein expression in thyroid carcinomas are limited, and controversies exist pertaining to cMYC expression patterns (nuclear versus cytoplasmic immunoreactivity) in these tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
This study provides insight into how nuclear Hangover/RNA signaling is linked to the cytoplasmic regulation of cAMP levels and results in neuronal adaptation and behavioral changes (Ruppert, 2017). (sdbonline.org)

Oelkers P, Dawson PA: Cloning and chromosomal localization of the human ileal lipid-binding protein. (hmdb.ca)
Cloning and characterization of an active fragment of luciferase from a luminescent marine alga, Pyrocystis lunula. (bio.net)

First, I focused on functional characterization of the NLS1 and NLS2 domains as potential nuclear localization signals in TWIST. (uni-marburg.de)
The cellular transcription factor Elongin (SIII) has been identified as a functional target of the VHL protein. (nih.gov)
Here, we carried out the functional characterisation of the filamentous fungus-specific RNA-binding protein RBP35 required for full virulence and development in the rice blast fungus. (upv.es)
The results highlight the importance of mid-SUNs as functional components of the ER and outer nuclear membrane. (brookes.ac.uk)
One requires the monoamine octopamine, which shares functional similarities to noradrenaline in vertebrates, whereas the other relies on a cellular stress response uncovered by the phenotypic characterization of hangover (hang) mutants (Scholz, 2000, Scholz, 2005). (sdbonline.org)

We used the in vitro / in vivo dual expression system plasmid, pIVEX, to express Danio rerio pol β ( Danio pol β) for biochemical characterization. (biomedcentral.com)
The Seelig group is interested in understanding how biological organisms process information using complex biochemical networks and how such networks can be engineered to program cellular behavior. (unibas.ch)

Nuclear localized HER family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been observed in primary tumor specimens and cancer cell lines for nearly two decades. (plos.org)
Moreover, it will investigate whether combined TSPO PET and FET PET imaging can delineate tumor borders more reliably than structural MRI and whether an increased TSPO PET signal is associated with aggressive tumor features in heterogeneous gliomas. (uni-regensburg.de)
Once an adrenal or extra-adrenal tumor is detected, CT scanning or MRI of the region may be performed for anatomic localization prior to surgical removal. (medscape.com)

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. (wikipedia.org)

These findings provide the initial indication of a novel cell density-dependent pathway that is responsible for the regulation of VHL cellular localization. (nih.gov)
Fe readily changes its oxidative state, which allows participation in cellular functions, and its regulation is extremely important to avoid cellular toxicity. (frontiersin.org)
Next, we identified full-length nuclear HER3 association and regulation of a 122 bp region of the cyclin D1 promoter. (plos.org)
Liberali studies the dynamics of self-organization, and how cellular signaling dictates its spatial-temporal regulation. (unibas.ch)

Various genes regulating cellular and subcellular metal distribution have been identified and characterized. (frontiersin.org)
With this we could allude to an intrinsic bias of essentiality across cellular compartments, uncover two opposing roles for tumour suppressor genes and link autosomal-recessive disorders with growth-retardation phenotypes to early embryogenesis. (nature.com)
Overall, we have constructed an atlas of essential and growth-restricting genes in hPSCs, revealing key aspects of cellular essentiality and providing a reference for future studies on human pluripotency. (nature.com)
There is no longer a need for signals to activate these genes. (cancerquest.org)
Many of these genes are responsible for providing the positive signals that lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)

3) Ronald, J., Wilkinson, A. J., and Davis, S. J. (2021) EARLY FLOWERING3 sub-nuclear localization responds to changes in ambient temperature. (findaphd.com)

The hangover gene defines a cellular stress pathway that is required for rapid ethanol tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. (sdbonline.org)

Immunoblots identified two RBP35 protein isoforms that show a steady-state nuclear localisation and bind RNA in vitro. (upv.es)
Area A will delineate the diagnostic potential of TSPO imaging by means of positron emission tomography (PET) in brain tumors in vivo and will enable the complementary characterization of brain tissue in vitro to delineate the neurobiological characteristics underlying TSPO PET labeling in the human brain. (uni-regensburg.de)
For the end-point of skin sensitization, the ultimate goal, i.e. the development and validation of alternative in vitro/in silico assays by 2013, may be achieved through a better understanding of the skin sensitization process on the cellular and molecular levels. (cdc.gov)
It is likely that should lead to useful insights for the development improving our understanding of the cellular and of in vitro assays (17, 18). (cdc.gov)

The Delta rbp35 mutant is affected in the TOR (target of rapamycin) signaling pathway showing significant changes in nitrogen metabolism and protein secretion. (upv.es)
The exact localizations of tissue samples will be assigned to PET and MRI data, which enables a precise spatial correlation of PET information with histopathological findings and pathway analysis (project A2/A3). (uni-regensburg.de)
Based on this work I won a fellowship from the Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies to investigate the subcellular localisation of maize auxin biosynthesis at Dankook University in Seoul which lead to a publication that showed for the first time that both steps of the TAA/YUC pathway of auxin biosynthesis can be ER-localised. (brookes.ac.uk)

These findings may be linked to reports that MUC1 plays an important role in the impairment of cell-cell adhesion, the immune response, and/or altered intracellular signalling. (bmj.com)
Phosphorylated tyrosine residues recruit various intracellular adaptor and effector molecules that result in the propagation of growth promoting signal transduction cascades [1] , [2] . (plos.org)

Although K76R mutants cannot inhibit nuclear localization by itself, we demonstrate it plays a synergistic role with the NLS1 K38R mutation to further reduce nuclear localization. (uni-marburg.de)
This synergistic effect is consistent with the observation that combined K38R (NLS1) and K76R (NLS2) mutants dramatically reduced nuclear localization, further suggesting that both NLS1 and NLS2 work together in regulating nuclear localization of TWIST protein. (uni-marburg.de)
Viral and cellular gene transcription in fibroblasts infected with small plaque mutants of varicella-zoster virus. (geneticsmr.com)

Different subcellular compartments are suggested to be linked through complex retrograde signaling networks to regulate cellular metal homeostasis. (frontiersin.org)
Understanding the role of these transporters is extremely important to elaborate the signaling between various subcellular compartments. (frontiersin.org)
These cellular compartments have different function and physicochemical environment. (biomedcentral.com)

Alteration of the balance in uptake, distribution, and/or storage of these minerals severely impairs cellular metabolism and significantly affects plant growth and development. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, regulating the uptake and cellular distribution of these minerals is extremely important for optimal cellular functioning and could lead to breeding crop plants with better adaptability to changing environments and may contribute to providing healthy food with improved mineral contents. (frontiersin.org)
Computed tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have higher sensitivity in detecting pheochromocytomas than nuclear medicine scanning with iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine ( 131 I-MIBG), although 131 I-MIBG uptake is more specific. (medscape.com)

Fig. 6: Characterization of the selective sensitivity of hESCs to mTOR inhibition. (nature.com)

Several targets of RBP35 have been identified using transcriptomics including 14-3-3 pre-mRNA, an important integrator of environmental signals. (upv.es)

We develop tools that can be used to construct cell and tissue atlases, and map the cellular circuits that give rise to function and behavior. (stanford.edu)

Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrient mineral elements for living organisms, as they regulate essential cellular processes, such as chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis (Fe, Cu, and Mn), respiration (Fe and Cu), and transcription (Zn). (frontiersin.org)

The testicular receptor 2 (TR2) also known as NR2C1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group C, member 1) is protein that in humans is encoded by the NR2C1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
TR2 is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
Remarkably, the ZIKKPE243 strain induced significantly higher levels of the anti-inflammatory nuclear receptor-PPAR-Î³. (bvsalud.org)
The nuclear localization sequences of the BRCA1 protein interact with the importin-alpha subunit of the nuclear transport signal receptor. (xenbase.org)
Brand TM, Iida M, Luthar N, Wleklinski MJ, Starr MM, Wheeler DL (2013) Mapping C-Terminal Transactivation Domains of the Nuclear HER Family Receptor Tyrosine Kinase HER3. (plos.org)
This receptor is found in moderate levels on some normal cells and as the gene's name implies, it is involved in cellular responses to growth factors. (cancerquest.org)

Fig. 3: Identification and characterization of the hESC essentialome. (nature.com)
Luster et al investigated the specificity and sensitivity of (18)F-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, CT scanning, and a combination of the 2 modalities in the identification and localization of adrenal and extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas. (medscape.com)

HIPKs are regulators of various signaling pathways and involved in the pathology of cancer, chronic fibrosis, diabetes, and multiple neurodegenerative diseases. (nature.com)

Characterization of surface markers on extracellular vesicles isolated from lymphatic exudate from patients with breast cancer. (gu.se)

Fig. 1: Establishment and characterization of a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen in haploid hPSCs. (nature.com)

In eukaryotic cells the genetic material is surrounded by a membrane system called the nuclear envelope (NE). (brookes.ac.uk)
The Nuclear Envelope is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells. (brookes.ac.uk)

To understand how the B 1 and B 2 regions influenced the transcriptional functions of nuclear HER3, we performed cyclin D1 promoter-luciferase assays in which HER3 deleted of the B 1 and B 2 regions was severely hindered in regulating this promoter. (plos.org)

Maps also chart the connectivity between these molecules, elucidating the circuits and signaling processes that give rise to function. (stanford.edu)
[ 4 ] Glucocorticoids are involved in almost every cellular, molecular, and physiologic network of the organism and play a pivotal role in critical biologic processes, such as growth, reproduction, intermediary metabolism, immune and inflammatory reactions, and central nervous system and cardiovascular functions. (medscape.com)

Since the Centre for Cellular Imaging opened in 2004 our users have produced many high-quality articles in scientific journals and several of our users have finished their doctoral studies and defended their Ph.D. thesis. (gu.se)

Aging kidney and CKD share many common characteristic features with increased cellular senescence, a conserved program characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role and mechanism of cellular senescence in kidney fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
Cellular senescence is characterized by an irreversible and permanent cell cycle arrest coupled with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we summarize the evidence linking cellular senescence to the pathogenesis of CKD and discuss current understanding of the mechanism and regulators controlling senescence. (frontiersin.org)

In this study, high-resolution confocal light microscopy is used to explore the localisation of SUN3 and SUN4 in the perinuclear region, to explore topology and to study the role of mid-SUNs on endoplasmic reticulum morphology. (brookes.ac.uk)

Beyond the single cell, we also strive to map cellular ensembles, such as brain tissue. (stanford.edu)

Our study suggests that nuclear overexpression of cMYC correlates with tumorigenesis / dedifferentiation in follicular cell derived thyroid carcinomas, a concept that has not been shown before on whole tissue sections. (biomedcentral.com)

Journal Article] Compositionally distinct nuclear pore complexes of functionally distinct dimorphic nuclei in ciliate Tetrahymena. (nii.ac.jp)

2005). Varicella-zoster virus IE63 protein phosphorylation by roscovitine-sensitive cyclin-dependent kinases modulates its cellular localization and activity. (geneticsmr.com)

Describe your likelihood of and also risks related to postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) inside individuals starting hysterectomy for civilized signals with increased exposure of the outcome intestinal immune system associated with course associated with medical procedures. (cd31-signal.com)

This Frontiers Research Topic aims to highlight recent advances made to examine the role of the nuclear envelope (NE) as the "key border" in plants. (brookes.ac.uk)

Area B will provide information on the structure and function of the TSPO molecule in response to TSPO ligands and within its multimeric complex by biophysical methods in order to unravel further molecular mechanisms of TSPO signaling and to give further input for TSPO ligand drug development. (uni-regensburg.de)
The mechanisms under-lying oxygen sensing in animals have been previously marked by two Nobel Prizes from more than 75 years ago: to Otto Warburg in 1931 for his discoveries concerning the enzymatic basis for cellular respiration, and to Corneille Heymans in 1938 for his findings on the role of the nervous system in the respiratory response to oxygen. (nobelprize.org)

It encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein that acts as a growth promoter and a transcription factor. (biomedcentral.com)
Through the combined work of these three laureates it was thus demonstrated that the response by gene expression to changes in oxygen is directly coupled to oxygen levels in the animal cell, allowing immediate cellular responses to occur to oxygenation through the action of the HIF transcription factor. (nobelprize.org)

Fe participates in cellular respiration, synthesis, and stabilization of chlorophyll, photosynthetic electron transport, and various other metabolic functions ( Grotz and Guerinot, 2006 ). (frontiersin.org)

During the process, known as cellular differentiation, the zygote develops into pluripotent stem cells which can give rise to all of the different organs in the body. (activemotif.com.cn)
Taming the fierce roller: an 'enhanced' understanding of cellular differentiation in Volvox. (bio.net)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)

ER stress induces activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signaling network that is required to resolve stress, restoring ER homeostasis and promoting cell survival and adaptation. (biomedcentral.com)
Fang C, Dean J, Smith JW: A novel variant of ileal bile acid binding protein is up-regulated through nuclear factor-kappaB activation in colorectal adenocarcinoma. (hmdb.ca)

Inhibition of RIG-I-mediated signaling by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded deubiquitinase ORF64 J Virol. (usc.edu)
Inhibition of cellular proteasome activities mediates HBX-independent hepatitis B virus replication in vivo J Virol. (usc.edu)

Our characterization of pol β from a model fish organism contributes to the study of the function and evolution of DNA polymerases, which are emerging as important cellular targets for chemical intervention in the development of anticancer agents. (biomedcentral.com)

Live cell imaging demonstrates that FUS co-localizes with AFF4 within nuclear punctuated condensates, which are disrupted upon treating cells with aliphatic alcohol. (biomedcentral.com)
In normal cells, both internal and external signals control the activity of the oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
What this means for cells is that they divide continuously even in the absence of any signals telling them to divide. (cancerquest.org)

The storage and distribution of these minerals in various cellular organelles is strictly regulated to ensure optimal metabolic rates. (frontiersin.org)

The hang gene encodes a large, approximately 210-kDa nuclear zinc finger protein that is expressed in most, if not all, neurons in the adult brain (Scholz, 2005). (sdbonline.org)

However, the cellular signaling process upon which hang acts remains unclear, and how the broadly expressed hang protein mediates specific behavioral changes in response to global increases of cellular stressors such as ethanol remains an open question (Ruppert, 2017). (sdbonline.org)

Despite its emerging role as a key structural and signaling platform, the plant NE remains one of the least understood membrane systems. (brookes.ac.uk)
Better understanding of this membrane system involves understanding its physical connections and its signaling and transport functions. (brookes.ac.uk)

To understand how cellular stress changes neuronal function, Hangover function was analyzed on a cellular and neuronal level. (sdbonline.org)

Here, we review progress in the understanding of different subcellular metal transport components in plants and discuss the prospects of regulating cellular metabolism and strategies to develop biofortified crop plants. (frontiersin.org)

Anatomy36

Organisms20

Chemicals and Drugs92

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes70

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Subcellular localization4

Amino acid5

Receptors2

Proteins10

Cytoplasmic3

Cloning2

Functional5

Biochemical2

Tumor3

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology1

Regulation4

Genes5

20211

Drosophila1

Vitro4

Pathway3

Intracellular2

Mutants3

Compartments3

Uptake3

MTOR1

MRNA1

Behavior1

Regulate1

Receptor6

Identification2

Pathways1

Extracellular1

Establishment1

Eukaryotic cells2

Assays1

Processes2

Centre1

Senescence4

Light microscopy1

Brain tissue1

Overexpression1

Pore1

Kinases1

Intestinal1

Role of the nuclear1

Mechanisms2

Transcription factor2

Respiration1

Differentiation3

Activation2

Inhibition2

Polymerases1

Cells3

Organelles1

Encodes1

Process1

Membrane2

Function1

Transport1