Cellular auxin. Medical search. Frequent questions

A comparison between the thermal and the phosphoproteomes of bikinin revealed the auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) as a substrate of the Arabidopsis GSK3s that negatively regulate the brassinosteroid signaling. (ugent.be)
Interestingly, NAA and IAA acted alike to promote the specific, clathrin-mediated endocytosis of auxin efflux carrier PIN2, which the authors found to be necessary for its polar localization. (plantae.org)
Here, we describe the fate of Arabidopsis PIN2 protein, required for directional cellular efflux of the phytohormone auxin, and identify cis- and trans-acting mediators of PIN2 ubiquitylation. (cas.cz)
Furthermore, mutant displays reduced expression of auxin reporter, Direct Repeat-5 (DR5), and alterations in polarity and abundance of auxin efflux carrier PIN- FORMED2 (PIN2). (ncbs.res.in)
OsPIN9, an auxin efflux carrier, is required for the regulation of rice tiller bud outgrowth by ammonium. (chinaagrisci.com)
Advances in Auxin Efflux Carrier PIN Proteins[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 2021, 56(2): 151-165. (chinbullbotany.com)
Structural insights into auxin recognition and efflux by Arabidopsis PIN1. (ista.ac.at)
The hydrophilic loop of Arabidopsis PIN1 auxin efflux carrier harbors hallmarks of an intrinsically disordered protein. (ista.ac.at)

For example, the ratio of auxin to cytokinin in certain plant tissues determines initiation of root versus shoot buds. (wikipedia.org)
Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes between wild type plants and STTM159 transgenic plants showed that genes involved in cell division, auxin, cytokinin (CK) and brassinosteroids (BRs) biosynthesis and signaling are significantly down-regulated in STTM159 plants. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, Narasimhan and colleagues attempted to revisit and resolve the basis of differential action of naturally occurring auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and its synthetic analogue naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) in mediating intracellular trafficking processes. (plantae.org)
The Dutch biologist Frits Warmolt Went first described auxins and their role in plant growth in the 1920s.Kenneth V. Thimann became the first to isolate one of these phytohormones and to determine its chemical structure as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). (wikipedia.org)
The most important member of the auxin family is indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which generates the majority of auxin effects in intact plants, and is the most potent native auxin. (wikipedia.org)
Five naturally occurring (endogenous) auxins in plants include indole-3-acetic acid, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid, phenylacetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, and indole-3-propionic acid. (wikipedia.org)

We established that PIN1 phosphorylation by the GSK3s is essential for maintaining its intracellular polarity that is required for auxin-mediated regulation of vascular patterning in the leaf, thus revealing cross-talk between brassinosteroid and auxin signaling. (ugent.be)
Proteome-wide cellular thermal shift assay reveals unexpected cross-talk between brassinosteroid and auxin signaling," PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA , vol. 119, no. 11, 2022. (ugent.be)

We show that control of PIN2 proteolytic turnover via its ubiquitylation status is of significant importance for auxin distribution in root meristems and for environmentally controlled adaptations of root growth. (cas.cz)

Understanding cellular responses to the phytohormone auxin has always been a challenge and decades of work has constantly renewed our knowledge of the same. (plantae.org)

Here we reviewed the research progress of PIN protein in Arabidopsis thaliana and cereal crops from the aspects of protein structure, activity regulation and functional verification to provide new ideas and clues for exploring the auxin polar transport mediated by PIN protein family. (chinbullbotany.com)
Specification of female germline by microRNA orchestrated auxin signaling in Arabidopsis. (ista.ac.at)
An auxin-mediated shift toward growth isotropy promotes organ formation at the shoot meristem in Arabidopsis. (ista.ac.at)

Replicating classical experiments to understand the mechanism of auxin inhibition of the action of fungal toxin Brefeldin-A (BFA), they found both IAA and NAA to non-specifically inhibit formation of the endosomal aggregations. (plantae.org)
Surprisingly, AFB1 has a specialized function in rapid auxin-dependent inhibition of root growth and early phase of root gravitropism. (elifesciences.org)
determined by correlative inhibition of apical bud, high auxin produced by shoot tip. (tamu.edu)
RALF1 peptide triggers biphasic root growth inhibition upstream of auxin biosynthesis. (ista.ac.at)
Inhibition of cell expansion by rapid ABP1-mediated auxin effect on microtubules. (ista.ac.at)

This is one of the critical stages of embryogenesis, when an immature embryo becomes independent of some physiological factors, in particular, hormones (mainly auxins, cytokinins, and ABA) of a maternal organism. (springer.com)

Alongside endogenous auxins, scientists and manufacturers have developed many synthetic compounds with auxinic activity. (wikipedia.org)
Broad-leaf plants (dicots), such as dandelions, are much more susceptible to auxins than narrow-leaf plants (monocots) such as grasses and cereal crops, making these synthetic auxins valuable as herbicides. (wikipedia.org)
Cellular agriculture: is the production of agriculture products from cell cultures in which a combination of biotechnology, tissue engineering, molecular biology, and synthetic biology is used to create new methods of producing proteins, fats, and tissues. (labroots.com)
The good news is that, on the whole, the systems map to each other, for example, HRAC Group O, Australian Group I, and WSSA Group 4 are synthetic auxins and contain the same list of herbicides. (weedscience.org)
Scientists have been able to replicate similar structures, known as synthetic growth regulators, by studying auxin molecules. (vedantu.com)

It is achieved through very complex and well-coordinated active transport of auxin molecules from cell to cell throughout the plant body - by the so-called polar auxin transport. (wikipedia.org)
Collectively, our results establish lysine63-linked PM cargo ubiquitylation as a regulator of polar auxin transport and adaptive growth responses in higher plants. (cas.cz)
This plant-specific mechanism of transport-dependent auxin gradients depends on subcellular dynamics of auxin transport components, in particular on endocytic recycling and polar targeting. (boku.ac.at)
Auxin polar transport regulates plant growth and development. (chinbullbotany.com)
The polar transport of auxin mainly depends on three transporters: AUX/LAX, PIN and ABCB protein families. (chinbullbotany.com)
The direction of auxin flow between cells is closely related to the polar localization of PIN proteins in cells. (chinbullbotany.com)

Benzoic acids, phenoxycarboxylic acids, pyridine carboxylic acids, and quinoline carboxylic acids (O(4) and L(27)) are herbicides that act similar to that of endogenous auxin (IAA) although the true mechanism is not well understood. (weedscience.com)
The specific cellular or molecular binding site relevant to the action of IAA and the auxin-mimicking herbicides has not been identified. (weedscience.com)

the other three endogenous auxins seems to have marginal importance for intact plants in natural environments. (wikipedia.org)

Together, this study highlights the need to employ non-BFA based experiments to infer auxin effect on endocytosis and builds the foundation to better understand cellular events influenced by the pharmacological application of auxin analogues. (plantae.org)

And as native auxin, its equilibrium is controlled in many ways in plants, from synthesis, through possible conjugation to degradation of its molecules, always according to the requirements of the situation. (wikipedia.org)
Advancing our understanding of auxin signaling in maize and other crop plants may provide needed tools for. (labroots.com)
Auxin gradients are established and maintained by polarized distribution of auxin transporters that undergo constitutive endocytic recycling from the PM (plasma membrane) and are essential for the gravitropic response in plants. (portlandpress.com)
Cell signaling in plant development usually involves a receptor (i.e. for a hormone or light molecule) and a signal transduction pathway, which concludes with a cellular response that is relevant to the plants development. (hightimes.com)
Auxins are a potent growth hormone released by plants in their natural state. (vedantu.com)
2-4-D is an auxin-based herbicide that is specifically designed to cause dicots (plants like dandelions) to grow rapidly and uncontrollably, eventually destroying the plant. (vedantu.com)
Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants. (ista.ac.at)

Native auxins Auxins (plural of auxin /ˈɔːksɪn/) are a class of plant hormones (or plant-growth regulators) with some morphogen-like characteristics. (wikipedia.org)
Auxins were the first of the major plant hormones to be discovered. (wikipedia.org)
Auxins typically act in concert with, or in opposition to, other plant hormones. (wikipedia.org)
Now, Jung-Youn Lee, University of Delaware professor of plant molecular and cellular biology , and Ross Sager, a former graduate student and UD alumnus, have identified hormones and proteins that interact to regulate the root emergence process. (udel.edu)

Auxin signalling may be one of such mechanisms since it is responsible for the regulation of many cellular and developmental processes and also integrates environmental cues into developmental programs. (boku.ac.at)
There is growing evidence suggesting that auxin may play a role in the regulation of ER homeostasis. (boku.ac.at)
The MSB group, part of the Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), aims at generating a systems-level understanding of cellular metabolism (Prof. Matthias Heinemann), growth regulation by signaling pathways (Prof. Andreas Milias-Argeitis) and the regulation of cell division mechanisms (Dr Julia Kamenz). (noorderlink.nl)
Auxins may be one of several molecules, but they are all involved in cellular regulation in some way. (vedantu.com)

The plant hormone auxin and its directional intercellular transport play a major role in these processes because they provide positional information and link cell polarity With tissue patterning. (boku.ac.at)
Auxin on the road navigated by cellular PIN polarity. (ista.ac.at)

Although leaf angle quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been previously reported, only the Dwarf3 ( Dw3 ) auxin transporter gene, colocalizing with a major-effect QTL on chromosome 7, has been validated. (biomedcentral.com)

The TIR1/AFB auxin co-receptors mediate diverse responses to the plant hormone auxin. (elifesciences.org)

Auxins play a cardinal role in coordination of many growth and behavioral processes in plant life cycles and are essential for plant body development. (wikipedia.org)
By observing plant regeneration and modifying it with chemical treatments, the scientists identified auxin concentration and pressure changes as governing processes. (phys.org)
Project description: Cell growth and division are fundamental cellular processes whose proper coordination is essential for cell viability and organismal health. (noorderlink.nl)
Our work will elucidate a largely unexplored aspect of growth regulators, and contribute to our understanding of fundamental cellular processes which are intimately linked with human health. (noorderlink.nl)

When auxin, the hormone that drives the formation of the lateral root tissue, signals to the plant cells that a new root is ready to form and emerge, it also tells those cells directly overlying the newly forming root to start producing PDLP5. (udel.edu)
In their results, published in PNAS on June 15, the researchers discovered that the hormone auxin and pressure changes are crucial to regeneration. (phys.org)
Now, scientists in the group of Professor Jiří Friml from the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria) discovered that the hormone auxin and pressure guide the plant's way of regenerating. (phys.org)
The scientists found that the hormone auxin, which is essential in plant growth and development, also plays a vital role in wound healing. (phys.org)
Auxin is a hormone crucial in nearly every aspect of plant growth and development. (labroots.com)
Hormone response analysis revealed that LHL1 expression was affected by auxin. (chinaagrisci.com)
What is Auxin Plant Hormone? (vedantu.com)
Auxin is a plant hormone derived from tryptophan, an amino acid. (vedantu.com)
Ans - Auxins are a form of plant hormone (also known as a plant growth regulator) that has morphogen-like properties. (vedantu.com)

Jung-Youn Lee, UD professor of plant molecular and cellular biology, focuses her research on understanding the mechanisms of plant cell communication. (udel.edu)
Enigmatic and often vilified, viruses are now known to play important and possibly indispensable roles in the biology and ecology of cellular organisms. (labroots.com)
Responses to abiotic and biotic stresses - from the cellular level to fruit development - contributions of the Czech Centre for Experimental Plant Biology. (muni.cz)

Wounding-induced changes in cellular pressure and localized auxin signalling spatially coordinate restorative divisions in roots," PNAS (2020). (phys.org)

Auxins stimulate shoot elongation by influencing gibberellins, which facilitate cell elongation. (vedantu.com)
Gibberellins, and thus auxins, increase the distance between nodes, allowing branch points to be spaced further apart. (vedantu.com)

I learned the active ingredients found in the root of wheatgrass, especially auxin, stimulate damaged cells to undergo cellular repair. (nutritionistreviews.com)

Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed that the expression levels of auxin-related genes and positive regulators of trichome development in the lhl1 mutant were down-regulated compared with the WT. (chinaagrisci.com)
When auxin comes into contact with a plant cell, it induces drastic changes in gene expression, with several genes being up or down-regulated. (vedantu.com)

The cellular thermal shift assay coupled with highresolution mass spectrometry (CETSA MS) that monitors changes in the thermal stability of proteins caused by their interactions with small molecules, other proteins, or posttranslational modifications, allows the discovery of drug targets or the study of protein-metabolite and protein-protein interactions mainly in mammalian cells. (ugent.be)
Auxin molecules are one of them. (vedantu.com)

The (dynamic and environment responsive) pattern of auxin distribution within the plant is a key factor for plant growth, its reaction to its environment, and specifically for development of plant organs (such as leaves or flowers). (wikipedia.org)

redefining cellular responses to auxin pharmacology (Plant Physiol. (plantae.org)

Together our results indicate that alterations in K homeostasis and associated cellular changes causing increased cell wall pH, contribute to diminished root growth and compromised survival of mutant under salt stress conditions. (ncbs.res.in)

These bacterial colonies provide auxins and other root stimulating compounds. (constantcontact.com)
A microscopic cross-section of primary root cells illustrates cellular separation during lateral root emergence. (udel.edu)
When they interfered with the auxin amount, either no cells or too many cells responded to the wound, sometimes leading to tumorous swelling of the root. (phys.org)

auxin transport switches from basipetal to laterally to the dark side. (tamu.edu)
Gravity can cause auxins to migrate downward and laterally away from light. (vedantu.com)

Auxins can be synthesized or formed naturally (by the plant) (in a lab). (vedantu.com)

On the molecular level, all auxins are compounds with an aromatic ring and a carboxylic acid group. (wikipedia.org)

Cellular targets of herbicide action and herbicide classification by mode of action according to the Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC). (weedscience.org)

Auxin signaling: Research advances over the past 30 years. (ista.ac.at)

The result is the auxin creates "patterns" of auxin concentration maxima and minima in the plant body, which in turn guide further development of respective cells, and ultimately of the plant as a whole. (wikipedia.org)
When the scientists artificially changed the auxin amounts, either no cells or too many cells responded to the wound. (phys.org)
Taking advantage of the developmental gradient in the bread wheat leaf, we provide a simultaneous quantitative analysis for the development of mesophyll cells and of chloroplasts as a cellular compartment. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiation subsequently occurs in leaf primordia basipetally, resulting in a gradient of easily distinguishable cellular morphologies of distal differentiated cells towards the tip of the leaf, basal progenitor proliferating cells adjacent to the shoot apical meristem, and all possible intermediate stages in between. (biomedcentral.com)
However, where auxins are located and how they affect cells inside the plant determine whether a new shoot develops into the soil or towards the light. (vedantu.com)
Cells grow faster in areas of the plant where auxin levels are high. (vedantu.com)

PIN-LIKES (PILS) are putative auxin transport facilitator that, presumably, transport auxin from the cytoplasm to the ER lumen, therefore limiting the available auxin for nuclear signalling (Figure 1). (boku.ac.at)
Figure 1: PILS presumably facilitate the transport of auxin from the cytoplasm into the ER lumen, preventing it to diffuse into the nucleus and interfering with auxin signalling. (boku.ac.at)

The results indicate that the influence of LHL1 on trichome development in rice leaves may be associated with an auxin pathway. (chinaagrisci.com)

The second phase is marked by the development of photosynthetic chloroplasts which occupy the available cellular space. (biomedcentral.com)
IAA is an auxin that is essential for plant tissue growth and development. (vedantu.com)
Auxin and Its Role in Plant Development (pp. 143-170). (ista.ac.at)

They all have regulatory functions and can either inhibit or increase cellular growth and activity. (hightimes.com)
Deregulation of the OsmiR160 target gene OsARF18 causes growth and developmental defects with an alteration of auxin signaling in rice. (chinaagrisci.com)
Senescence as an active developmental cellular process in the growth and functioning of a flowering plant, is indicated in 1. (neetprep.com)
Auxins in the flower facilitate the maturation of the ovary wall as well as steps in the full growth of the fruit. (vedantu.com)
Auxins play a key role in the coordination of a variety of growth factors. (vedantu.com)
Auxin is required for cell growth at the cellular level, affecting both cell division and cellular expansion. (vedantu.com)

When the scientists reduced the cellular pressure before cutting the plant, the pressure difference vanished, and the regeneration was weakened. (phys.org)

Indoleacetic acid, or IAA, is the most widely used auxin. (vedantu.com)

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are a slew of transcription factors that play a role in auxin signalling. (vedantu.com)
Based on these results,we reason that BoPID might play a role in regulating calcium response to auxin through interacting with BoSPx,BoCML12 and BoCaM2 in the process of self-incompatibility. (ahs.ac.cn)

Immediately, chemists began synthesizing similar structures and testing for auxin activity. (tamu.edu)

Anatomy6

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs10

Phenomena and Processes4

Efflux8

Cytokinin2

Indole-3-ac4

Brassinosteroid2

PIN21

Phytohormone auxin1

Arabidopsis3

Inhibition5

Cytokinins1

Synthetic5

Polar6

Herbicides2

Endogenous1

Endocytosis1

Plants7

Hormones4

Regulation4

Polarity2

Transporter1

Receptors1

Processes4

Hormone9

Biology3

20201

Gibberellins2

Stimulate1

Genes2

Molecules2

Responsive1

Responses1

Homeostasis1

Root3

Laterally2

Naturally1

Compounds1

Herbicide1

Advances1

Cells6

Transport2

Pathway1

Development3

Growth6

Scientists1

Acid1

Response2

Similar structures1