Cellular adaptation to hypoxia cell hypoxia. Medical search. Frequent questions

Montesi, Monica (2014) In vitro study of the osteocytes response to hypoxia and their regulation of bone homeostasis , [Dissertation thesis], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna. (unibo.it)
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), an important transcriptional regulator, is an essential mediator that plays crucial roles in the cell response to hypoxia by modulating hypoxic gene expression [3, 4]. (researchdataservice.com)
Previous studies Tandutinib demonstrate that miRNAs are important regulators of cell response to hypoxia. (researchdataservice.com)
In response to hypoxia, tumors activate a general adaptive response allowing their growth under unfavourable conditions. (biomedcentral.com)

This review will discuss the metabolic reprogramming of cancer, possible explanations for the high glucose consumption in cancer cells observed by Warburg, and suggest key experimental practices we should consider when studying the metabolism of cancer. (researchgate.net)
The TME, however, can be metabolically hostile due to insufficient vascular exchange and cancer cell metabolism that leads to hypoxia, depletion of nutrients, and accumulation of waste products. (elifesciences.org)
Further, inhibitory receptors present in the TME can inhibit T cell metabolism and alter T cell signaling both directly and through release of extracellular vesicles such as exosomes. (elifesciences.org)
This review will discuss the metabolic changes that drive T cells into different stages of their development and how the TME imposes barriers to the metabolism and activity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. (elifesciences.org)
As T cell metabolism dictates effector function, it is now apparent that the effect of cancer cell metabolism on the tumor microenvironment (TME) may impair anti-tumor immunity, and these new hallmarks of cancer are therefore inextricably linked. (elifesciences.org)
Expanded understanding of the basic biology of T cell activation has enabled immunotherapy to combat cancer, and T cell metabolism now offers the opportunity to optimize and improve these therapeutic strategies. (elifesciences.org)
Finally, we will provide an overview of how utilizing an understanding of T cell metabolism may inform strategies to alter the TME or enhance T cell metabolism to strengthen the immunotherapy arsenal. (elifesciences.org)
In contrast to normal cells, most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactate fermentation, even in the presence of oxygen, a less efficient metabolism compared to a low rate of glycolysis followed by mitochondrial oxidation of pyruvate [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
Many physiological and pathophysiological conditions are attributed to the lack of oxygen, forcing cells to switch their energy metabolism and find a new balance between energy production and consumption. (charite.de)
14. Otte P. Basic cell metabolism of articular cartilage: manometric studies. (unclesarm.com)
For instance, in conditions of high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, tumor cells can alter sulfur-based metabolism, NADPH generation and the activity of antioxidant transcription factors. (frontiersin.org)
By focusing on the critical roles of different metabolic programs, such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid metabolism, as well as their essential regulators in modulating Treg proliferation, migration, and function, we hope to provide new insights into Treg cell-targeted antitumor immunotherapies. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia as well as metabolism are central hallmarks of cancer, and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and metabolic effectors are crucial elements in oxygen-compromised tumor environments. (quanterix.com)
We analyzed time-resolved alterations in metabolism-associated protein levels in response to different oxygen potentials across breast cancer cell lines. (quanterix.com)
Effects on the cellular metabolism of both HIF-dependent and -independent processes were analyzed by reverse-phase protein array profiling and a custom statistical model. (quanterix.com)
Question 1 An organelle that is responsible for metabolism of cellular energy is referred to which of the following cell structures? (credencewriters.com)
Alterations to genes involved in cellular metabolism and epigenetic regulation are implicated in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies. (elsevierpure.com)
Semaphorins/semaphorin receptors are considered relevant drivers of angiogenesis and regulators of tumor progression and response to therapy, as well as cellular metabolism and genomic stability [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies from a number of laboratories in the past decade have revealed that the central pathways deregulated in cancer often serve to coordinately regulate both classic oncogenic signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation and cell survival with pathways controlling cell metabolism. (aacrjournals.org)
The emergence of these findings, suggesting a direct control of cellular metabolism by tumorigenic pathways, has helped fuel explosive growth in this area of cancer research. (aacrjournals.org)
Paralleling the emergence of targeted therapeutics in cancer treatment, a variety of experimental approaches has led to the conclusion that tumors bearing some specific genetic alterations may lead them to be uniquely sensitive to agents deregulating their cellular metabolism. (aacrjournals.org)
In the low oxygen environment, the cells are forced to adjust their energy metabolism. (cas.cz)
Thus cells cultivated in glucose switch from mitochondrial production of ATP to metabolism of glycolysis with enhanced lactate production. (cas.cz)
Using super-resolution fluorescent microscopy (BiPLANE) in our department in cooperation with electron microscopy lab (Dr. Malínský, IEM) we study changes of mitochondrial morphology on the level of inner, outer membrane and cristae morphology in relation to cellular metabolism during hypoxic adaptation. (cas.cz)
The role of ESRRa in cellular metabolism is largely dependent on its transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial function and biogenesis through collaboration with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC1a) 6 . (nature.com)
These changes in gene expression alter cell metabolism, tissue re-modeling, and even organismal responses such as increases in heart rate and ventilation. (nobelprize.org)
Any organ of the body can get ischemia damage due to inadequate oxygen supply to meet the continuous demand for cellular metabolism. (mcpcourse.com)

The prolyl hydroxylation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) mediated by the EGLN-pVHL pathway represents a classic signalling mechanism that mediates cellular adaptation under hypoxia. (nature.com)
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) plays a central role in cellular adaptation to changes in oxygen availability. (nih.gov)
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) mediates cellular adaptation to hypoxia by regulating biological processes important for cell survival, which include glycolysis, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, apoptosis, and proliferation. (nih.gov)
To investigate the role of HIF-1 in hypoxia-induced renal epithelial cell death, we generated mice that allow inactivation of HIF-1alpha by tetracycline-inducible Cre-loxP-mediated recombination in primary renal proximal tubule cells (PRPTC), resulting in a suppression of HIF-1-mediated gene transcription during oxygen deprivation. (nih.gov)
Cellular adaptation to diminished tissue oxygen tensions, hypoxia, is largely governed by the hypoxia inducible transcription factors, HIF-1 and HIF-2. (lu.se)
inbook{ecf3c49f-5038-4d94-a89d-062e1056050f, abstract = {{Cellular adaptation to diminished tissue oxygen tensions, hypoxia, is largely governed by the hypoxia inducible transcription factors, HIF-1 and HIF-2. (lu.se)
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was conducted by using the avidin-biotin complex technique for detecting the antibodies to hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) alpha, cytokeratin 20 (CK20), and cell proliferation factor Ki67. (hindawi.com)
HIF-1 (hypoxia inducible factor-1), a kind of hydrocarbon nuclear translators, plays an important role in oxygen homeostasis [ 7 ] and consists of two subunits, HIF-1 alpha and HIF-1 beta. (hindawi.com)
The immunolabeling quantification showed that granulomas from calves had more mycobacteria, CD3+ cells, IFN-Î³, TNF-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) than those of adult cattle. (bvsalud.org)
A key concept in understanding high altitude training is the role of the 'hypoxia-inducible factor-1' (HIF-1), a protein that modulates the body's response to reduced oxygen conditions. (saveskylab.org)
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a heterodimeric transcription-factor composed of α- and β-subunits. (uni-luebeck.de)
Conclusion These results indicate that hypoxia-inducible miR-224 promotes gastric cancer cell growth, migration and invasion by downregulating RASSF8 and acts as an oncogene, implying that Lamin A antibody inhibition of miR-224 may have potential as a therapeutic target for patients with hypoxic gastric tumors. (researchdataservice.com)
Keywords: microRNA (miRNA), miR-224, Gastric cancer, RASSF8, Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) Background Gastric cancer is the most common epithelial malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide [1]. (researchdataservice.com)
HIF-1-inducible miR-382 promotes angiogenesis and acts as an oncogene by directly targeting PTEN in gastric cancer under hypoxia [12]. (researchdataservice.com)
Bishop T., Ratcliffe P. Signaling hypoxia by hypoxia-inducible factor protein hydroxylases: a historical overview and future perspectives. (ulsu.ru)
Masson N., Willam C., Maxwell P., Pugh C., Ratcliffe P. Independent function of two destruction domains in hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha chains activated by prolyl hydroxylation. (ulsu.ru)
Semenza G. Dynamic regulation of stem cell specification and maintenance by hypoxia-inducible factors. (ulsu.ru)
Prabhakar N., Semenza G. Regulation of carotid body oxygen sensing by hypoxia-inducible factors. (ulsu.ru)
Hirsilä M., Koivunen P., Günzler V., Kivirikko K., Myllyharju J. Characterization of the human prolyl 4-hydroxylases that modify the hypoxia-inducible factor. (ulsu.ru)
Bell E., Chandel N. Mitochondrial Oxygen sensing: regulation of Hypoxia-inducible factor by mitochondrial generated reactive oxygen species. (ulsu.ru)
We will also describe evidence about the ability of semaphorins to affect the expression and activity of transcription factors activated by hypoxia, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are responsible for the transcriptional responses to hypoxic stress. (biomedcentral.com)
The activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) has been recognized as the key event in adaptation to hypoxia. (hku.hk)
Beside PGC1a/b, ESRRa has been shown to potentiate a metabolic syndrome by acting downstream of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) 7 and also promotes hypoxic adaptation of cancer cells by stabilizing hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-a) from degradation 8 . (nature.com)
This impairment was caused by a failure to stabilize the oxygen sensor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1A). (cuanschutz.edu)
NRF2 and hypoxia inducible factors: key players in the redox control of systemic iron homeostasis. (ox.ac.uk)
specifically, the prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)/ hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and the KEAP1/NRF2 pathways, which mediate tissue adaptation to low and high oxygen, respectively. (ox.ac.uk)

Our findings suggest in an in vitro genetic model that 1) the generation of adequate energy levels for the maintenance of PRPTC viability under hypoxia does not require HIF-1 and 2) that HIF-1 regulates the timing of hypoxia-induced cell death and apoptosis onset through its effects on glucose consumption. (nih.gov)
A successful therapy must therefore eliminate these cells known to be highly resistant to apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
In this paper, we describe the metabolic changes as well as the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis occurring in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, underlying the connection between these two processes. (hindawi.com)
Finally, the induction of cell death (apoptosis and pyroptosis) decreased the intracellular bacteria count in the infected bovine macrophages, suggesting that cell death helps to control the intracellular growth of the mycobacteria. (bvsalud.org)
The data obtained in this study shows that hypoxia compromises the viability of osteocytes and induces apoptosis. (unibo.it)
Oncogenic mutations or abnormal expression of signaling components disrupt the regulatory networks that govern cell function, thus enabling tumor cells to undergo dysregulated mitogenesis, to resist apoptosis, and to promote invasion to neighboring tissues. (eurekaselect.com)
MiRNAs are reported to be involved in diverse biological processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and death [10]. (researchdataservice.com)

It was therefore assumed that cancer cells were generating energy using glycolysis rather than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and that the mitochondria were dysfunctional. (researchgate.net)
In normal cells, glucose participates in cellular energy production through glycolysis as well as through its complete catabolism via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). (hindawi.com)
While certain aspects of stress-elicited adaptive programs such as the heat shock response or the oxidative stress response are very well studied, the contribution of other cellular pathways including endocytosis to cellular adaptation is still elusive. (cell-stress.com)
To survive various physiological and microenvironmental stresses (i.e. oxidative stress, hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial stress and DNA damage), tumor cells are forced to reprogram their signaling pathways. (frontiersin.org)
Hypoxia and oxidative stress increase 150-kDa oxygen-regulated protein (ORP 150) expression in different cell types. (unibo.it)
Hypoxia and ischemia are linked to oxidative stress, which can activate the oxidant-sensitive transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel in cerebral artery endothelial cells, leading to vasodilation. (elifesciences.org)
Dr. Otto Warburg first described, more than 80 years ago, that a fundamental biochemical difference between tumor cells and their normal counterparts was that tumor cells rely on aerobic glycolysis for ATP generation, unlike most normal differentiated cells of the body, which use mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. (aacrjournals.org)
NRF2 was recently identified as the molecular sensor of iron-induced oxidative stress and is responsible for BMP6 expression by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, which in turn activates hepcidin synthesis by hepatocytes to restore systemic iron levels. (ox.ac.uk)

In recent years, high tumor cell levels of HIF-2 and the oxygen sensitive subunit HIF-2alpha have been associated with unfavorable disease and shown to be highly expressed in tumor stem/initiating cells originating from neuroblastoma and glioma, respectively. (lu.se)
Typically, rapidly proliferating tumor cells have glycolytic rates up to 200 times higher than those of their normal tissue of origin, even in the presence of oxygen [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
In normal cells, the fate of pyruvate depends on many factors, one of which is oxygen availability. (hindawi.com)
Partial oxygen pressure (pO 2 ) is an important parameter of hypoxia. (hindawi.com)
To confirm tumor hypoxia, partial oxygen pressure (pO 2 ) is an important factor of physiological state, and it indicates the balance between oxygen delivery and consumption [ 21 ]. (hindawi.com)
HIF is a key protein responsible for the cellular adaptation to low levels of oxygen [ 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
Previous studies showed that the expression of cytokeratin was enhanced in the cells with low oxygen tension [ 28 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cellular life is challenged by a multitude of stress conditions, triggered for example by alterations in osmolarity, oxygen or nutrient supply. (cell-stress.com)
Cells have to cope with challenging changes in their environment such as alterations in osmolarity, ion homeostasis, redox state, oxygen or nutrient supply, or exposure to ionizing radiation or potentially toxic substances. (cell-stress.com)
The body responds by increasing the production of 'red blood cells', which are responsible for carrying oxygen to bodily tissues. (saveskylab.org)
This enhancement in red blood cell count facilitates the increased absorption and utilization of the limited oxygen available. (saveskylab.org)
This is a significant benefit as red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen to the muscles. (saveskylab.org)
An enhanced count of red blood cells results in improved oxygen delivery, which can boost muscle efficiency. (saveskylab.org)
In the face of low oxygen levels, HIF-1 activates, stimulating the production of erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that promotes the formation of red blood cells. (saveskylab.org)
Hypoxia per definition occurs when oxygen demand exceeds supply. (charite.de)
In renal cells BPGM modulates glucose utilization, promotes scavenging of reactive oxygen species, as well as cell survival under stress. (charite.de)
The aims of the present study are 1) to determine the cellular and molecular response of the osteocytes at two different conditions of oxygen deprivation, 1% and 5% of O2 compared to the atmospheric oxygen concentration at several time points. (unibo.it)
Measuring oxygen consumption by cells provides ample information on how cells are doing. (globalspec.com)
Cells take up oxygen that then. (globalspec.com)
Stem cells reside in niches that have much lower oxygen concentration than many other parts of the body. (globalspec.com)
For their analysis, the authors chose articles on molecular oxygen sensing Metazoan tissue cells, mainly animals. (ulsu.ru)
Oxygen-sensing to acute hypoxia in cells is preconditioned by molecular mechanisms involving potassium channels of plasma cell membranes and associated juxtamembrane complexes. (ulsu.ru)
This review discusses the interactional characteristics of the three mechanisms of oxygen-sensing cells. (ulsu.ru)
Coleman M., Ratcliffe P.J. Oxygen sensing and Hypoxia-induced responses. (ulsu.ru)
We hypothesized that TRPA1 channels in endothelial cells are activated by hypoxia-derived reactive oxygen species, leading to cerebral artery dilation and reduced ischemic damage. (elifesciences.org)
Hypoxia, a condition of oxygen deprivation, is considered a hallmark of tumor microenvironment regulating several pathways and promoting cancer progression and resistance to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) and nutrient deprivation, caused by inappropriate blood supply, represent important hallmarks of tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
The mitochondria are the main cellular sensor of oxygen in the cell. (cas.cz)
but the molecular mechanisms underlying how cells adapt to variations in oxygen supply were unknown until the prize-winning work described here. (nobelprize.org)
Animal cells undergo fundamental shifts in gene expression when there are changes in the oxygen levels around them. (nobelprize.org)
Through the combined work of these three laureates it was thus demonstrated that the response by gene expression to changes in oxygen is directly coupled to oxygen levels in the animal cell, allowing immediate cellular responses to occur to oxygenation through the action of the HIF transcription factor. (nobelprize.org)
Indeed, calibrating cellular conditions to the amount of available oxygen is a critical aspect of controlling meta-bolism. (nobelprize.org)
for example, in 1858 Louis Pasteur was the first to show that there is a complex balance of oxygen use in animal cells, and that cells use multiple pathways to accomplish energy con-version (Pasteur, 1858). (nobelprize.org)
The mechanisms under-lying oxygen sensing in animals have been previously marked by two Nobel Prizes from more than 75 years ago: to Otto Warburg in 1931 for his discoveries concerning the enzymatic basis for cellular respiration, and to Corneille Heymans in 1938 for his findings on the role of the nervous system in the respiratory response to oxygen. (nobelprize.org)
However, for most of the 20th century, it was not clear how adaptations to oxygen flux were regulated at the fundamental level of gene expression. (nobelprize.org)
In almost all animal cells, the ability to rapidly respond and adapt to variations in oxygen availability is essential. (nobelprize.org)
Hypoxia and Ischemia are both diseases caused due to the insufficiency of oxygen supply in the body, but there is a difference between hypoxia and ischemia. (mcpcourse.com)
Hypoxia refers to a state in which the oxygen supply is insufficient for the demand, whereas hypoxemia refers to states that have low arterial oxygen concentration. (mcpcourse.com)
Generalized hypoxia can occur in healthy people at a high altitude where oxygen concentration of the air is low. (mcpcourse.com)
It causes a greater production of oxygen free radicals and reactive oxygen species that in turn damage cells and tissues. (mcpcourse.com)
Hypoxia refers to a state where the oxygen supply is insufficient for the demand. (mcpcourse.com)
Causes of Hypoxia can be the high altitude where oxygen concentration of the air is low, breathing mixtures of gasses with a low oxygen concentration, etc. (mcpcourse.com)
Hypoxia can be reversed when the oxygen supply is restored. (mcpcourse.com)
Adenosine signaling has been implicated in cardiac adaptation to limited oxygen availability. (cuanschutz.edu)

In this report, we reveal an important function for ARD1 in mammalian cells as a protein acetyltransferase by direct binding to HIF-1alpha to regulate its stability. (nih.gov)
Tumor hypoxia and high HIF protein levels are frequently associated with aggressive disease. (lu.se)
We applied a range of molecular and cellular techniques to measure cell survival, cell cycle progression, protein expression and DNA damage combined with a transcriptomic micro-array approach in D283-MED cells, for global gene expression analysis in acute and chronic hypoxic conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Ki67, a nuclear protein, affects cellular proliferation and it reflects a reversible change in cellular bioactivity during neoplastic progression [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
These assist with protein folding and, thereby, help to keep the cellular protein machinery functional in spite of adverse thermal conditions. (cell-stress.com)
In this study, we evaluate the effect of M. bovis AN5 and its culture filtrate protein extract (CFPE) on inflammasome activation in bovine macrophages and its consequences on cell death. (bvsalud.org)
We show that in the nephron BPGM is constitutively expressed, and up-regulated under conditions like acute kidney injury, clear cell renal carcinoma, or knock-out of the tumor suppressor von Hippel Lindau protein (VHL). (charite.de)
Characterized by the expression of the critical transcription factor forkhead box protein P3, regulatory T (Treg) cells are an essential part of the immune system, with a dual effect on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
We revealed a strong induction of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) as well as reduced glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL) protein levels across all cell lines tested as consistent changes upon hypoxia induction. (quanterix.com)
The cytoskeleton is a dynamic network of protein filaments that provides structural support, facilitates cell division, and enables cell movement. (anthroholic.com)
More recently, his group invented tools for cleavage-free large gene insertion via mining microbial recombination protein, and developed single-cell tracking approach for studying cancer biology and cancer immunology. (stanford.edu)
Semenza G., Wang G. A nuclear factor induced by hypoxia via de novo protein synthesis binds to the human erythropoietin gene enhancer at a site required for transcriptional activation. (ulsu.ru)
A protein called TRPA1 is found in the cells that form the inner lining of blood vessels. (elifesciences.org)
G-protein-coupled receptors and ion channels present on the endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) that form the walls of cerebral blood vessels initiate many of the signaling cascades that enable these intrinsic adaptive processes. (elifesciences.org)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)

Here we identify RIPK1, a known regulator of cell death mediated by tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), as a target of EGLN1-pVHL. (nature.com)
The immunosuppressive effect of CsA is mainly attributed to inhibition of calcineurin phosphatase activity, consequently favoring the inactive phosphorylated form of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT). (charite.de)
It well known that ORP 150 plays an important role in the cellular adaptation to hypoxia, as anti-apoptotic factor, and seems to be involved in osteocytes differentiations. (unibo.it)

It is a novel endoplasmic-reticulum-associated chaperone induced by hypoxia/ischemia. (unibo.it)
Our research has been directed towards identifying cellular adaptive mechanisms during hypoxic conditions such as myocardial ischemia - one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. (cuanschutz.edu)

In this project we focus on specific features of glutamine mitochondrial pathway in cancer cells that depends on the activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), NADPH-dependent enzyme of mitochondrial matrix. (cas.cz)
The damage is caused by the accumulation of metabolic waste products, damage to cell membranes, mitochondrial (powerhouse of the cell) dysfunction. (mcpcourse.com)

Cell proliferation involves the replication of all cellular contents with the required energy for this to happen. (hindawi.com)
To prevent aberrant cell proliferation, these pathways are tightly regulated. (hindawi.com)
This activation is necessary for both cell proliferation as well as glucose uptake and use. (hindawi.com)
7 VSIG4 can suppress T cell proliferation and promote Foxp3 + regulatory T cell (Tregs) differentiation by binding an unidentified receptor on T cells [ 9 ]. (thno.org)
Inhibition of NF-B activity by PDTC attenuated the effects of RASSF8 knockdown on cell proliferation and invasion. (researchdataservice.com)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)

however, later studies indicate that Naa11 is not expressed in the human cell lines HeLa and HEK293 or in cancerous tissues, and NAA11 transcripts were only detected in testicular and placental tissues. (wikipedia.org)
In this review, we discuss the common and distinct metabolic profiles of Tregs in peripheral tissues and the TME, as well as the differences between Tregs and other conventional T cells in their metabolic preferences. (biomedcentral.com)
Physiology can be investigated at the level of the whole body, organ systems, tissues and cells at the molecular level. (umanitoba.ca)
This leads to leakage of or activation of autolyzing and proteolytic enzymes causing damage to the cell and surrounding tissues. (mcpcourse.com)
Throughout fetal life, tissues and organs of the body are found at a critical period of development which coincides with the period of rapid cell division. (bvsalud.org)

T cells must substantially increase nutrient uptake to mount a proper immune response and failure to obtain sufficient nutrients or engage the appropriate metabolic pathways can alter or prevent effector T cell differentiation and function. (elifesciences.org)
Lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides necessary for the biosynthesis of the daughter cells are mostly provided by intermediate metabolites of these pathways. (hindawi.com)
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a malignant embryonal brain tumour originating from neural stem cells or granule-cell progenitors of the cerebellum, due to a deregulation of signalling pathways involved in neuronal development such as Wnt or Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Since these signaling pathways affect virtually all aspects of cellular life, changes in the plasma membrane proteome appear ideally suited to contribute to the cellular adaptation to stress. (cell-stress.com)
The present Research Topic will highlight recent advances in the research on mechanisms of tumor cells adaptation to stressful conditions, as well as biomarkers thereof and the possible therapeutic implication of targeting these pathways. (frontiersin.org)
Cancer cell biology takes advantage of identifying diverse cellular signaling pathways that are disrupted in cancer. (eurekaselect.com)
Signaling pathways are an important means of communication from the exterior of cell to intracellular mediators, as well as intracellular interactions that govern diverse cellular processes. (eurekaselect.com)
Cripto-1 overexpression in U87 glioblastoma cells activates MAPK, focal adhesion and ErbB pathways. (eurekaselect.com)
Cells communicate with one another through a complex system of signaling pathways, involving the release and reception of chemical messengers called ligands. (anthroholic.com)

While this work has provided novel insights into how fish cardiorespiratory physiology is impacted by prolonged exposure to hypoxia, the reason(s) for the diminished cardiac function in hypoxia-acclimated cod is not clear. (biologists.com)
While mRNA of alfa subunits (HIFs- α) are not altered by exposure to hypoxia, alfa, but not beta, proteins are stabilized by hypoxia. (biomedcentral.com)

Delineation of the key mechanisms underlying stress adaptation may reveal new vulnerabilities and offer promising avenues for the development of more effective therapeutics and/or improved diagnostic tools. (frontiersin.org)
Cellular metabolic reprogramming is acknowledged as a hallmark of cancer, and emerging evidence suggests that elucidating the underlying mechanisms of how intratumoral Tregs acquire metabolic fitness and superior immunosuppression in the TME may contribute to clinical benefits. (biomedcentral.com)
From its early beginnings in the 1960s, the academic field of biochemistry of exercise has expanded beyond examining and describing metabolic responses to exercise and adaptations to training to include a wide understanding of molecular biology, cell signalling, interorgan communication, stem cell physiology, and a host of other cellular and biochemical mechanisms regulating acute responses and chronic adaptations related to exercise performance, human health/disease, nutrition, and cellular functioning. (routledge.com)
Reactions of the human body to chronic, acute or interval hypoxic hypoxia are different and may be triggered by certain intracellular molecular mechanisms. (ulsu.ru)
In the last years a huge amount of data has been obtained shedding novel insights on the mechanisms through which hypoxia affects tumor progression and response to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, the high refractoriness of liver cancer to treatments has been associated with the interaction of very complex and diverse mechanisms of chemoresistance, which can act synergistically to protect tumor cells from the chemotherapy agents [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
A reduction in the number of cells, the change in structure and functioning of organs, permanent change in DNA methylation, and in gene expression have also been considered to be molecular mechanisms responsible for fetal programming 1 . (bvsalud.org)

Using transcriptomic analysis in D283-MED cells, we found a large transcriptional remodelling upon long term hypoxia, in particular the expression of a number of genes involved in detection and repair of double strand breaks (DSB) was altered. (biomedcentral.com)
Adaptation to stress is regulated in a spatial and temporal manner through the alteration of transcriptional, translational, and post-translational machinery. (frontiersin.org)
In this scholarly study, we found that miR-224 was activated by HIF-1 and hypoxia at the transcriptional level. (researchdataservice.com)

In D283-MED and U87MG, chronic hypoxia (5 days), but not acute hypoxia (24 h) induced resistance to chemotherapy and X-ray irradiation. (biomedcentral.com)
This acquired resistance upon chronic hypoxia was present but less pronounced in MEB-Med8A cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Whilst U87MG shared the same dampened p53 activity, upon chemotherapeutic drug treatment in chronic hypoxic conditions, these cells used a different mechanism, independent of the DNA damage pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast, only one study has investigated the effect of chronic (weeks of) hypoxia on fish in vivo cardiovascular function ( Petersen and Gamperl, 2010 ). (biologists.com)
Predict the cellular adaptations erythrocytes undergo when chronic hypoxia is present. (essaybishops.com)
Thus, here we aim to investigate differences of episodic vs. permanent (either acute or chronic) hypoxia on cellular signaling and its participation in CsA mediated renal toxicity. (charite.de)
Cell responses to chronic hypoxia are determined by HIF-pool localized in the cytoplasm. (ulsu.ru)
Malkin I.B., Gippenreyter E.B. Ostraya i khronicheskaya gipoksiya [Acute and chronic hypoxia]. (ulsu.ru)

Skeletal unloading leads to severe hypoxia (1%O2) in the bone microenvironment resulting in imbalanced bone remodelling that favours bone resorption. (unibo.it)

Intermittent Hypoxia. (ulsu.ru)
Sometimes mild and non-damaging intermittent hypoxia is used intentionally for altitude training to improve athletic performance by adaptation of both the systemic and cellular bio environments. (mcpcourse.com)

Advances in research techniques since then have shown the mitochondria in cancer cells to be functional across a range of tumour types. (researchgate.net)
This is called tumour hypoxia and leads to resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Together our results demonstrate a new mechanism explaining hypoxia-induced resistance involving the alteration of the response to DSB in D283-MED cells, but also highlight the cell type to cell type diversity and the necessity to take into account the differing tumour genetic make-up when considering re-sensitisation therapeutic protocols. (biomedcentral.com)

Prolonged hypoxia promotes the activation of RIPK1 kinase by modulating its proline hydroxylation, independent of the TNFα-TNFR1 pathway. (nature.com)
As such, inhibiting proline hydroxylation of RIPK1 promotes RIPK1 activation to trigger cell death and inflammation. (nature.com)
Our findings illustrate a key role of the EGLN-pVHL pathway in suppressing RIPK1 activation under normoxic conditions to promote cell survival and a model by which hypoxia promotes RIPK1 activation through modulating its proline hydroxylation to mediate cell death and inflammation in human diseases, independent of TNFR1. (nature.com)
Moreover, we revealed that hypoxia promotes VSIG4 expression in cultured bone marrow M2 macrophages, ultimately leading to the conversion of CFs to myofibroblasts. (thno.org)

Accumulating evidence shows that cancer stem cells are key drivers of tumor formation, progression, and recurrence. (hindawi.com)
Additionally, endogenous and exogenous stresses may lead to the production of a plethora of molecules by tumor cells having either a beneficial or a harmful role in tumor progression and therapy response. (frontiersin.org)
Knowledge of changes in the expression of metabolic proteins in response to HIF function could provide mechanistic insights into adaptation to hypoxic stress, tumorigenesis, and disease progression. (quanterix.com)
Many studies reported that some semaphorins are involved in the development of a permissive tumor niche, guiding cell-cell communication and, consequently, the development and progression, as well as the response to therapy, of different cancer histotypes, including melanoma. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, semaphorins and their cognate receptors are involved in controlling cancer stem cell phenotype, contributing to tumor progression, resistance to therapies, and metastasis initiation [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Accumulating evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the articulated molecular mechanism triggered by hypoxia [6]. (researchdataservice.com)
Nevertheless, the potential roles and molecular mechanism of miR-224 remain understood in human gastric cancer exposed to hypoxia poorly. (researchdataservice.com)
Molecular intracellular reactions to interval hypoxia are triggered by the prooxidant process activation in the mitochondria of cells. (ulsu.ru)
Reuben J. Shaw, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037. (aacrjournals.org)

Moreover, hypoxia or osmotic stress up-regulate BPGM in kidney cells in vitro. (charite.de)

It may cause the cells to acquire more aggressive phenotypes, such as cell migration, invasion, growth and metastasis, by changing genetic programs which can facilitate cellular adaptation to hypoxic stress [2]. (researchdataservice.com)

Semaphorins, a family of about 20 secreted, transmembrane and GPI-linked glycoproteins, and their cognate receptors (plexins and neuropilins) play a pivotal role in the crosstalk between cancer and stromal cells present in the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
These drawbacks may be explained, at least in part, by the various phenotypes and histological characteristics of tumor liver cells and its microenvironment [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Published 15 August 2016 In this study, we provide new insight into how cancer cells adapt to stress factors present within the tumor microenvironment through increased uptake of lipoproteins. (lu.se)
Published 14 June 2019 See here how lipid loading may be involved in the paracrine crosstalk between cancer cells and stromal compartment of the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. (lu.se)

Mycobacterium bovis is a facultative intracellular bacterium that produces cellular necrosis in granulomatous lesions in bovines. (bvsalud.org)

Finally, lowered perfusion causes local renal hypoxia leading to tubular interstitial fibrosis, the final stage of CsA-mediated renal dysfunction. (charite.de)
We demonstrated renal hypoxia 2 h after SC CsA injection, while 24 h later, values return within the range of controls. (charite.de)
Episodic periods of hypoxia and re-oxygenation as well as their possible implications on renal integrity and remodeling largely differs from conditions of permanent hypoxia. (charite.de)
Renal hypoxia is widespread in acute kidney injury (AKI) of various etiologies. (charite.de)

In the absence of glucose, the onset and the degree of hypoxia-induced cell death in HIF-1-deficient PRPTC were comparable to wild-type cells. (nih.gov)
However, when glucose availability was limited, the onset of cell death was delayed in either PRPTC that were HIF-1 deficient or in wild-type PRPTC when glycolysis or glucose uptake was partially inhibited. (nih.gov)
They observed high glucose consumption and large amounts of lactate excretion from cancer cells compared with normal cells, which oxidised glucose using mitochondria. (researchgate.net)
cells, which oxidised glucose using mitochondria. (researchgate.net)
Glucose and glutamine are the 2 major substrates used by cancer cells. (hindawi.com)

Published 20 April 2016 Hypoxia modulates global membrane proteome turnover in cancer cells, providing opportunities for tumor specific drug delivery. (lu.se)

The intestinal epithelial cells play an important critical role in the immune response within the intestinal tissue and they are involved in the responses to hypoxic situation [ 27 ]. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, calf granulomas showed lower immunolabeling of MAC387+, CD79+, and WC1+ cells without connective tissue surrounding the lesion and were associated with less vimentin, Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA), and TGF-ß compared with granulomas from adult cattle. (bvsalud.org)
Shock is a state of compromised tissue perfusion that causes cellular hypoxia and is defined as a syndrome initiated by acute hypoperfusion, leading to tissue hypoxia and vital organ dysfunction (see the image below). (medscape.com)

This review will discuss the metabolic adaptations necessary for T cells to meet changing biochemical needs throughout different stages of differentiation. (elifesciences.org)
Metabolic adaptations of cancer cells. (hindawi.com)

HIF-1 is not only necessary for the cellular adaptation to hypoxia, but it is also involved in inflammatory processes and wound healing. (uni-luebeck.de)
Cells are the fundamental building blocks of all living organisms, a microcosm of life teeming with complex and dynamic processes. (anthroholic.com)
Eukaryotic cells divide through two processes: mitosis and meiosis. (anthroholic.com)
IDH proteins are homodimeric enzymes involved in diverse cellular processes, including adaptation to hypoxia, histone demethylation and DNA modification. (elsevierpure.com)
Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRa) regulates a number of cellular processes including development of bone and muscles. (nature.com)

These cell surface proteins impinge on the vast majority of all cellular functions by mediating nutrient uptake, preserving ion homeostasis and initiating complex signaling cascades in response to extracellular cues. (cell-stress.com)
Deregulation of cell signaling in cancer. (eurekaselect.com)
Cell signaling and cancer. (eurekaselect.com)
AKT signaling in normal and malignant cells. (eurekaselect.com)
Autocrine signaling: A cell releases a ligand that binds to receptors on its own surface. (anthroholic.com)
Paracrine signaling: A cell releases a ligand that binds to receptors on nearby cells. (anthroholic.com)
Endocrine signaling: Hormones are released into the bloodstream and bind to receptors on distant target cells. (anthroholic.com)
Juxtacrine signaling: Direct contact between cells via specialized signaling molecules on the cell surface. (anthroholic.com)

Although M. bovis-induced inflammation actively participates in granuloma development, its role in necrotic cell death and in bovine macrophages has not been fully explored. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, histological lymph node sections of bovines naturally infected with M. bovis contained cleaved gasdermin D, mainly in macrophages and giant cells within the granulomas. (bvsalud.org)
Because HIF-1 gains increasing importance in hypoxia during inflammatory settings the role of HIF-1 activation in dendritic cells and macrophages was studied in vivo in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. (hku.hk)

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's primary energy currency. (anthroholic.com)

Hence, cells have developed sophisticated stress responses to cope with these challenges. (cell-stress.com)
Deviations from homeostatic conditions are often unfavorable to cellular life and elicit stress responses that have evolved to foster adaptation to the altered conditions and, thereby, promote cellular survival in adverse environments. (cell-stress.com)

Fig. 1: Hypoxia induces cell death in a RIPK1-dependent manner. (nature.com)
Our results indicate that M. bovis induces pyroptosis-like cell death that is partially related to the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and that the cell death process could control bacterial growth. (bvsalud.org)

MiR-224 is normally reported to lead to cell breach and metastasis in individual breasts cancer tumor cells [15] and individual hepatocellular carcinoma [16]. (researchdataservice.com)

High altitude acclimatisation represents a crucial physiological adaptation that grants the human body the capacity to withstand the harsh conditions present at towering elevations. (saveskylab.org)
The science of high altitude training reveals fascinating insights into the physiological and biological adaptations that the human body undergoes. (saveskylab.org)
Hypoxia, in vivo, is a physiological condition for osteocytes, 5% O2 is more likely physiological for osteocytes than 20% O2, as osteocytes are embedded deep inside the mineralized bone matrix. (unibo.it)

HIF transcription factors are master regulators in the cellular adaptation to hypoxia. (charite.de)

In these cells, HIF-2 is active under nonhypoxic conditions as well, creating a pseudo-hypoxic phenotype with clear influence on tumor behavior. (lu.se)

Our bodies are well-equipped to adapt to harsh environments and climates at the systemic and cellular levels in order to keep us alive. (irunfar.com)

Knockdown of HIF-2alpha in neuroblastoma and glioma tumor stem/initiating cells leads to reduced levels of VEGF and poorly vascularized, highly necrotic tumors. (lu.se)

Bone remodelling is a fundamental mechanism for removing and replacing bone during adaptation of the skeleton to mechanical loads. (unibo.it)

Cytokeratin (CK) is a marker for epithelial cells [ 25 , 26 ]. (hindawi.com)
Using innovative cell culture systems, lung disease models, and human biosamples we investigate the impacts of environmental exposures on smooth muscle, epithelial, endothelial and immune cells. (umanitoba.ca)

These data show that acclimation to hypoxia has a direct effect on cod myocardial function and/or physiology, and suggest that the cod heart shows some adaptations to prolonged hypoxia. (biologists.com)

Influential research by Warburg and Cori in the 1920s ignited interest in how cancer cells' energy generation is different from that of normal cells. (researchgate.net)
However, cancer cells overcome these controls, in particular by acquiring genetic mutations leading to the activation of oncogenes (pten, myc) or loss of tumor suppressors (p53) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Previous studies have demonstrated that cancer cells can exploit different strategies for adaptation and survival in adverse circumstances. (frontiersin.org)
However, our understanding of how cancer cells manage these stresses is far from complete. (frontiersin.org)
For the past 20 years, plenty of studies have suggested that only a small subpopulation of the cancer cells with tumor-initiating capability is the core origin of the tumorigenesis and the subset of cancer cells was named cancer stem cells (CSCs). (bmbreports.org)

The plasma membrane is not only the first point of encounter for many types of environmental stress, but given the diversity of receptor proteins and their associated molecules also represents the site at which many cellular signal cascades originate. (cell-stress.com)
The plasma membrane can be envisioned as a central compartment in the cellular adaptation to diverse stress conditions as it shapes the interactions between cells and their environment by harboring an elaborate complement of transmembrane proteins, e.g. transporters, channels, receptors, or adhesion proteins. (cell-stress.com)

In contrast, ACT expands a patient's own T cells ex vivo to direct anti-tumor immunity when transfused back into the patient. (elifesciences.org)

Hypoxia is prognostically important in cancer therapy and it has a deep impact on malignant development of various cancers [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Background Hypoxia plays an important role in the development of various cancers. (researchdataservice.com)

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body, at only one cell thick, and when they form a network, or capillary beds, between our arterioles an venules, both slightly larger blood vessels, they are the site where O2, CO2, and other nutrients are exchanged between the lungs and the blood. (irunfar.com)
When faced with lack of nutrients and hypoxia, the first fetal adaptation is a decrease in cell division rate. (bvsalud.org)

Using isolated cerebral arteries expressing a Ca 2+ biosensor in endothelial cells, we show that 4-hydroxynonenal and hypoxia increased TRPA1 activity, detected as TRPA1 sparklets. (elifesciences.org)
Hypoxia caused dilation of cerebral arteries, which was disrupted by antioxidants, TRPA1 blockade and by endothelial cell-specific Trpa1 deletion ( Trpa1 ecKO mice). (elifesciences.org)
Loss of TRPA1 channels in endothelial cells increased cerebral infarcts, whereas TRPA1 activation with cinnamaldehyde reduced infarct in wildtype, but not Trpa1 ecKO, mice. (elifesciences.org)
These data suggest that endothelial TRPA1 channels are sensors of hypoxia leading to vasodilation, thereby reducing ischemic damage. (elifesciences.org)

In addition, DEX dose-dependently lowered the hypoxia-induced luciferase activity in a reporter gene system. (uni-luebeck.de)
These alterations result in the clonal expansion of tumor cells with distinct gene expression and metabolic signature. (frontiersin.org)
Mutant IDH enzymes have neomorphic activity and catalyze reduction of α-KG to the (R) enantiomer of 2-hydroxyglutarate, which is associated with DNA and histone hypermethylation, altered gene expression and blocked differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. (elsevierpure.com)
William Kaelin, Jr. was in 1995 engaged in the study of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene, and after isolation of the first full-length clone of the gene showed that it could suppress tumor growth in VHL mutant tumorigenic cell lines. (nobelprize.org)

As a director of Baker Ruskinn, I help lead the field in developing technologies that deliver affordable, real-time information about cell behaviour in abnormal physiology. (globalspec.com)
Multiple researchers from other divisions in the department pursue projects in Cell Physiology & Pathophysiology. (umanitoba.ca)

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles containing enzymes that break down cellular waste and foreign substances. (anthroholic.com)

Anatomy4

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs7

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes12

Health Care1

Response to hypoxia4

Metabolism28

Inducible27

Apoptosis7

Oxidative8

Oxygen44

Protein15

Factor3

Ischemia2

Mitochondrial2

Proliferation7

Tissues5

Pathways9

Exposure to hypoxia2

Mechanisms7

Transcriptional3

Chronic8

Severe hypoxia1

Intermittent Hypoxia2

Tumour3

Promotes4

Progression5

Molecular4

Osmotic stress1

Hypoxic stress1

Microenvironment4

Necrosis1

Renal4

Glucose5

20161

Tissue3

Metabolic adaptations2

Processes5

Signaling8

Macrophages3

Mitochondria1

Responses2

Induces2

Metastasis1

Physiological3

Transcription Factors1

Nonhypoxic conditions1

Systemic1

Tumors1

Mechanism1

Epithelial2

Myocardial1

Cancer cells5

Proteins2

Vivo1

Development of various cancers2

Nutrients2

Endothelial4

Gene4

Physiology2

Substances1