Cells virulence. Medical search. Frequent questions

cerPAC reduced the production of QS-regulated virulence determinants and protected D. melanogaster from fatal infection by P. aeruginosa PA14. (nature.com)
Role of serotype and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm bacteria in internalization and persistence in epithelial cells in vitro. (lu.se)
Dive into the research topics of 'Role of serotype and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm bacteria in internalization and persistence in epithelial cells in vitro. (lu.se)

Pathogen strains may differ in virulence because they attain different loads in their hosts, or because they induce different disease-causing mechanisms independent of their load. (biorxiv.org)
You can have a single pathogen that is a one-man band of virulence, but we've shown that virulence can come from a symphony of individually ineffective strains that together cause virulence and evade immune detection. (utoronto.ca)
Whereas the replicative life span of strains may not matter for virulence cells within a pathogen human population could greatly impact persistence of the pathogen human population and therefore effect outcome. (biongenex.com)
Previous work indicates that old mother cells of strain RC-2 manifest phenotypic changes that render them more resistant to macrophage- and antifungal-mediated killing (20) which led to the hypothesis that accumulation of cells of advanced age that are otherwise exceedingly rare cells in a growing pathogen population (20) may in fact accumulate and facilitate persistence. (biongenex.com)
We have studied how bacterial species such as the pathogen Salmonella enterica maintain a discrete number of flagellar per cell during cell growth and division. (ncl.ac.uk)
Since M. pneumoniae is a human pathogen, we are interested in virulence factors of this organism. (uni-goettingen.de)
Our long-term goal is to understand whether and how cell-cell communication in Spn orchestrates its lifestyle switch from a commensal to a pathogen. (aiche.org)
Recent studies have shown that CRL can recognize NTHi and enhance the proinflammatory response against this pathogen in human airway epithelial cells. (lu.se)
Enhanced understanding of pathogen derived virulence attributes can facilitate development of novel anti-infectives aimed at distinct virulence factors. (lu.se)

In the present work, we evaluated the secretion of human β-defensin-2 (hBD-2) by enterocytes after infection with P. fluorescens (a species previously suggested to be involved in inflammatory bowel disease) and investigated the effect of this host-defense peptide on the bacterial virulence. (pasteur.fr)
This process of inducing virulence in an otherwise harmless bacterium through prophage infection and integration of the prophage genome into the bacterial host genome is called lysogenic conversion 8 . (nature.com)
The introduction of persister cells during persistent attacks is crucial for persistence of an infection but little is well known how this takes place. (biongenex.com)
We suggest that advanced replicative maturing is a fresh unanticipated virulence characteristic that emerges during persistent fungal an infection and facilitates persistence. (biongenex.com)
Induction of IDO by DCs is a cell-autonomous response to Listeria monocytogenes infection and was also observed in other granulomatous infections with intracellular bacteria, such as Bartonella henselae. (jci.org)
A major part of virulence for Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection, the most lethal parasitic disease of humans, results from increased rigidity and adhesiveness of infected host red cells. (gla.ac.uk)
At present it is assumed that the relationship between an individual's susceptibility and bacterial virulence determines the balance between tolerance of invading pathogens and the mounting of an immune response, which in turn dictates the course of infection and subsequent recurrence. (ncl.ac.uk)
Type I IFNs drive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell collapse via impaired proliferation and increased RIPK1-dependent cell death during shock-like ehrlichial infection. (immunochemistry.com)
The initial tissue reaction to infection is a focal, intensely suppurative necrosis consisting largely of accumulations of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, followed by invasion of macrophages, epithelioid cells, and lymphocytes. (cdc.gov)
These data help explain pneumococcal virulence after IAV infection and have important implications for studies of S. pneumoniae pathogenesis. (lu.se)
Many streptococci elaborate virulence factors, including streptolysins, DNAases, and hyaluronidase , which contribute to tissue destruction and spread of infection. (msdmanuals.com)
Distinct pathogens use a diverse arsenal of molecular weapons to establish infection, designated virulence factors. (lu.se)

This subdictionary is one of several MiniCOPE Dictionaries within COPE and now merges the contents of the previous Virulence Factors Dictionary and the contents of the Dictionary of Modulins . (copewithcytokines.de)
Bacteria have evolved multiple strategies for causing infections that include producing virulence factors, undertaking motility, developing biofilms and invading host cells. (nature.com)
N -acylhomoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated quorum sensing (QS) tightly regulates the expression of multiple virulence factors in the opportunistic pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa . (nature.com)
Virulence factors located on chromosomal pathogenicity islands also exist in some strains of V. coralliilyticus . (nature.com)
Here, live respiratory epithelial cells were inoculated with broth-grown or biofilm bacteria of different M-types, as well as with isogenic mutants lacking common virulence factors. (lu.se)
Rhodococcus produces several virulence factors. (europa.eu)
The effects of the wild type bacteriurn, several mutants and the purified factors will be tested on Arabidopsis plants as well as tobacco cell cultures. (europa.eu)
Influence of L. monocytogenes virulence factors on IDO induction. (jci.org)
However, nutritional factors, interactions with the microbiota, and the presence of salivary antibodies have been suggested as possible influencing factors in the incidence of these yeasts, which are usually controlled by local factors, such as competition with bacterial cells of the resident microbiota [ 3 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
is related to a combination of factors contributing to their virulence, such as their ability to grow at 37 °C, their phenotypic variability (switching), their transition from budding-to-hyphae or pseudo-hyphae and biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Injection of Virulence Factors Through the Cell Membrane: Several pathogenic bacteria including Yersina ssp. (umass.edu)
Virulence factors of salmonellae are encoded on so-called pathogenicity islands found on the chromosome. (news-medical.net)
Still, other virulence factors (such as ion transporters and superoxide dismutase) also play a role in exploiting the intracellular niche. (news-medical.net)
However, channels in this cell wall are still needed to secrete virulence factors. (vu.nl)
Spn undergoes multiple rounds of division within the droplets, providing an optimal opportunity to quantify the association between cell-cell signaling, cell density, and environmental factors such as nutrient availability, pH, oxygen and temperature. (aiche.org)
Our focus is on two S. Typhi's virulence factors, typhoid toxin and Vi capsular polysaccharide (CPS). (google.com)
The competence to acquire multidrug resistance and new virulence factors makes these strains a potential threat. (frontiersin.org)
These factors can contribute to adherence and multiplication at an epithelial surface, evasion of immune defense mechanisms or invasion into host cells and tissue. (lu.se)
Bacterial cell wall components and toxins, for example, are well-known virulence factors for sepsis that directly contribute to the profound dysregulation of the immune response. (lu.se)

Farley MM , Whitney AM , Spellman P , Quinn FD , Weyant RS , Mayer L , Analysis of the attachment and invasion of human epithelial cells by Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius. (cdc.gov)
All M-types tested adhered to and were internalized into epithelial cells. (lu.se)
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, however, acts sort of the same way using a spiky protein that easily binds to ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2), the receptor protein of both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, which is abundantly present human lung epithelial cells and small intestine. (gulfnews.com)
The yeasts were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). For all isolates, we performed phospholipases and proteinases assays, in vitro adherence to buccal epithelial cells (BEC), minimum inhibitory concentration of antifungal drugs and determined the cytokine profile by Cytometric Bead Array flow citometry assay. (biomedcentral.com)
The adherence to the mucosal surface of the host probably occurs by the interaction between the microorganisms'adhesins and receptors on epithelial cells [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Circulating monocytes from prostate cancer patients promote invasion and motility of epithelial cells. (immunochemistry.com)
NTHi utilizes a variety of proteins to adhere to and colonize the surface of epithelial cells, which is crucial for its invasion. (lu.se)

We want to investigate these unknown genes with respect to their influence on virulence, growth and essentiality. (uni-goettingen.de)
The Ti plasmid contains virulence genes (vir), which code for the protein machinery required for transfer and integration of disease causing genes into the host plants genome. (igem.org)
Virulence genotype analysis revealed that strain CR1 lacked hemolytic phospholipase C and D, three genes for LPS biosynthesis and had reduced antibiotic resistance genes when compared with clinical strains. (frontiersin.org)
Virulence genes are identified by genetic screens as well as by analysis of the completed genome. (stjude.org)
We used whole-transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-seq) to compare the S. pneumoniae transcriptome in biofilms, bacteria dispersed from biofilms after exposure to IAV, febrile-range temperature, or ATP, and planktonic cells grown at 37°C. Compared with biofilm bacteria, actively dispersed S. pneumoniae, which were more virulent in invasive disease, upregulated genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. (lu.se)

The oxidation of glycerol-3-phosphate yields the major virulence factor, H 2 O 2 . (uni-goettingen.de)
The polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) capsule of Hib is a major virulence factor for the organism. (cdc.gov)

Engineering Bacterial Toxin to Measure Cholesterol Accessibility on Cell Membranes: Perfringolysin O (PFO) is a Cholesterol-dependent Cytolysin (CDC) secreted by Clostridium perfringens, the pathogenic bacteria that cause gas gangrene. (umass.edu)
T3SS is an essential component for the virulence of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, such as Salmonella and Chlamydia. (lu.se)

Most environmental strains have reduced virulence (6) whereas clinical strains differ in virulence in murine models (7-9) suggesting strain-related differences in virulence traits and these differences in clinical outcome Articaine HCl can be at least partially attributed to strain-related variations (10 11 Virulence traits that enhance survival in mammalian macrophages may be selected through interaction with environmental amoeboid predators (12). (biongenex.com)

Role of the 145-kilodalton surface protein in virulence of the Brazilian purpuric fever clone of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius for infant rats. (cdc.gov)
The M3 protein, but not the M1 or M5 proteins, was required for optimal uptake and persistence of both planktonic and biofilm bacteria inside cells. (lu.se)
The relationship between cell proliferation, protein tyrosine phosphorylation, phosphotyrosine kinase activity and bradykinin receptor activation in rat mesangial cells was investigated. (nih.gov)
The aim of the study was to evaluate the protein similarity degree among 15 C. albicans isolates with different virulence obtained from healthy and infected human and animals. (scialert.net)
Such results suggest a highly protein similarity degree among the most isolates with low and high virulence as well as from human and animal hosts. (scialert.net)
The whole-cell protein profile obtained by these techniques could provide additional criteria for the serologic and immunologic studies of C. albicans . (scialert.net)
In this study, we described the use of SDS-PAGE, along with PAGE techniques, to analyze the similarity of the protein profiles of the cytoplasmic extracts and cell walls of different C. albicans isolates obtained from different host conditions (human against animal isolates and patient against healthy subject isolates) with various virulence degrees. (scialert.net)
Cells and supernatants were then harvested to assess ( A ) IDO protein expression and tryptophan levels, ( B ) COX-2 protein expression and PGE metabolite levels, and ( C ) TNF-α concentration. (jci.org)
[2] M protein is the major surface protein presents on S. pyogenes cell wall, and GAS strains are further divided into different serotypes based on the antigenic characteristics of the M protein. (nih.gov)
In contrast to the first two pathogens, Mycoplasmas are characterized by their strongly reduced genome ( M. pneumoniae encodes 688 protein) and the loss of the cell wall. (uni-goettingen.de)
C) A protein-protein interaction network discovered in the frame of the first in vivo analysis of the interactome of a living cell at the global level. (uni-goettingen.de)
Impact of the Reticular Stress and Unfolded Protein Response on the inflammatory response in endometrial stromal cells. (immunochemistry.com)
A key component in the virulence of MERS-CoV is the Spike (S) protein, which binds with the host membrane receptor dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). (frontiersin.org)
The S protein is responsible for helping the virus to gain entry to the cell contributing to the overall virulence of these β-CoVs. (frontiersin.org)
Covalent linkage (conjugation) of PRP with T-cell dependent protein antigens was evaluated in an attempt to overcome the T-cell independent characteristics of PRP. (cdc.gov)

Weyant RS , Quinn FD , Utt EA , Worley M , George VG , Candal FJ , Human microvascular endothelial cell toxicity caused by Brazilian purpuric fever-associated strains of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius. (cdc.gov)
A few strains release exotoxins that activate certain T cells, triggering release of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins, and other immunomodulators. (msdmanuals.com)

We used whole-transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-seq) to compare the S. pneumoniae transcriptome in biofilms, bacteria dispersed from biofilms after exposure to IAV, febrile-range temperature, or ATP, and planktonic cells grown at 37°C. Compared with biofilm. (lu.se)

P. syringae employs a diverse array of "effector" proteins to support bacterial growth (virulence) by suppressing the plant immune system. (utoronto.ca)
CheKine™ microquantitative test kits and recombinant proteins help you explore cells with ease! (abbkine.com)
After cell wall disruption, the cell wall and cytoplasmic proteins were submitted to PAGE and SDS-PAGE techniques. (scialert.net)
2005). Different types of electrophoretic techniques have been used for the characterization or typing of C. albicans isolates including separation of chromosomes, DNA fragments, isoenzymes, cell wall glycoproteins and whole cell proteins (Asakura et al . (scialert.net)
Ebola infiltrates its victims' cells via spiky proteins on the virus' outer shell. (gulfnews.com)
A cell-penetrant peptide blocking C9ORF72-repeat RNA nuclear export reduces the neurotoxic effects of dipeptide repeat proteins. (le.ac.uk)
These changes are caused by parasite proteins exported to the erythrocyte using novel trafficking machinery assembled in the host cell. (gla.ac.uk)
To understand these unique modifications, we used a large-scale gene knockout strategy combined with functional screens to identify proteins exported into parasite-infected erythrocytes and involved in remodeling these cells. (gla.ac.uk)
Oregon State University scientists have identified proteins that prevent a bacterial cell from becoming misguided by its own messaging, allowing it to instead wait for collective communication from its group. (news-medical.net)
enterophatogenic E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, etc., inject proteins directly into the eukaryotic cell cytoplasm to interfere with and to alter host processes. (umass.edu)
These proteins are presumably injected through the eukaryotic cell membrane via a proteinaceous transmembrane channel known as translocon, which is of bacterial origin. (umass.edu)
Catalin Bunduc will analyse how exactly the type VII secretion systems are able to secrete proteins without compromising the function of the mycobacterial cell wall. (vu.nl)
This macromolecular assembly comprises more than 20 conserved proteins that form a series of ring-like structures and a needle-shaped protrusion, which allows the transport of proteins into a host cell. (lu.se)

Similarly, Salmonella and Yersinia species also invade cells but do not cause cell death. (medscape.com)

The CmrRST-regulated surface motility is independent of flagella and type IV pili, suggesting a novel mechanism of cell migration in C. difficile. (nih.gov)

Microscopic analysis of cell and colony structure indicates that CmrRST promotes the formation of elongated bacteria arranged in bundled chains, which may contribute to bacterial migration on surfaces. (nih.gov)
This is how Prof Darrell Desveaux of Cell & Systems Biology explains his approach to studying virulent bacteria. (utoronto.ca)
Each individual strain of bacteria in the metaclone is non-virulent, but she hypothesized that effector functions within the community of bacteria would drive the emergence of virulence in the invading population. (utoronto.ca)
Our research focuses on the fundamental understanding of how bacteria regulate flagellar assembly, how a cell coordinates the assembly of unrelated molecular machines and how hosts recognise this important antigen. (ncl.ac.uk)
Cytotoxin production by other bacteria (ie, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Clostridium difficile, enterohemorrhagic E coli ) results in mucosal cell destruction that leads to bloody stools with inflammatory cells. (medscape.com)
Accordingly, scientists, today published a new study in the journal Cell Host and Microbe in March 2020, showing that drugs that prevent the acquisition of DNA-borne antibiotic resistance traits from their surroundings by bacteria can stop mice from becoming resistant to the action of the antibiotics. (news-medical.net)
The bacteria adhere to nasopharyngeal, pulmonary, and endothelial cells. (stjude.org)

This method can be applied to testing other pathogens and their mutants, as well as virulence infect in mice. (jove.com)
Virulence, immunogenicity and live vaccine potential of aroA and phoP mutants of Edwardsiella piscicida in zebrafish. (invivogen.com)

The complexity of life on earth was derived from simplicity: from the first protocells to the growth of any organism, individual cells aggregate into basic clumps and then form more complex structures. (news-medical.net)
After successful intestinal colonization, this organism enters enterocytes, M cells and dendritic cells in the intestinal epithelium, subsequently reaching the submucosa and disseminating through the bloodstream. (news-medical.net)

The effect of intestinal molecules produced by the host on the virulence of Pseudomonas fluorescens is poorly documented. (pasteur.fr)
Tang Y., Romano F.B., Brena M., and Heuck A.P. (2018) The Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion translocator PopB assists the insertion of the PopD translocator into host cell membranes. (umass.edu)
This protocol is significant for creating and determining mind-body desired mutations in the genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as the testing the effect of mutations on virulence reduction in a reproducible mouse model. (jove.com)

Marie CS, Verkerke HP, Paul SN, Mackey AJ, Petri WA, Leptin protects host cells from Entamoeba histolytica cytotoxicity by a STAT3-dependent mechanism. (msdmanuals.com)

We use a multidisciplinary approach integrating data & computational science, cell biology, molecular biology, microbiology, biochemistry, glycobiology, immunology, structural biology (cryo-EM and X-ray crystallography), and murine models to decipher the interactions between the host and (drug-resistant) bacterial pathogens. (google.com)

The results showed that P. fluorescens can induce hBD-2 production in Caco-2/TC7 cells via P38 and ERK MAPK-dependent pathways. (pasteur.fr)
Taken together, these data suggest for the first time that, in proliferating rat mesangial cells, B2 receptor stimulation is able to induce, via a pertussis insensitive pathway, the inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity and mesangial cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
We identified eight new regions of genomic plasticity and a plasmid pCR1 with a VirB/D4 complex followed by trimeric auto-transporter that can induce virulence phenotype in the genome of strain CR1. (frontiersin.org)
In contrast to T-cell dependent antigens, T-cell independent antigens are characterized by a) induction of a poor antibody response in less than 18-month-old infants and children, b) a variable and quantitatively smaller antibody response than that seen with T-cell dependent antigens, c) production of a higher proportion of immunoglobulin M (IgM), and d) inability to induce a booster response. (cdc.gov)
The hyphal form, constituted by filamentous cells, has the ability to invade tissue and induce inflammation. (lu.se)

Our findings demonstrate the specialized and dual functions of Ralstonia PehC, which enhance virulence by degrading DAMPs to evade DTI and produce nutrients , a strategy used by pathogens to attenuate plant immunity . (bvsalud.org)
GBS can penetrate the host cell barriers and evade the host's immune response . (wikidoc.org)

The TCP receptor is a prophage receptor facilitating introduction of CTXφ prophage DNA into the cell 6 . (nature.com)
We demonstrated that bradykinin (BK), through the B2 receptor, induced a dose-dependent inhibition of mesangial cell proliferation stimulated by fetal calf serum. (nih.gov)
The C-Type Lectin receptor (CRL) is known as the major β-glucan receptor expressed in myeloid cells and is responsible for targeting respiratory fungal pathogens. (lu.se)

Members of the institute have published in a wide range of peer-reviewed journals, including Nature, Molecular Cell, Angewandte Chemie, JACS, Science Advances, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Nucleic Acids Research, Chemical Science and many others. (le.ac.uk)

Microbial invasion and its virulence can cause damage to the host cells. (hindawi.com)
Invasion of host cells and intracellular survival are dependent on two type III secretion systems. (news-medical.net)

HEK-Blue™-mTLR5 cells were obtained by co-transfection of the murine TLR5 gene and an inducible SEAP (secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase) reporter gene into HEK293 cells. (invivogen.com)
The human immune response to PRP resembles the murine response to T-cell independent antigens: B cells provide the primary response without a contribution from T-helper cells. (cdc.gov)

Plant Cell;35(7): 2552-2569, 2023 06 26. (bvsalud.org)
Cell Host & Microbe 31:681-682, 2023. (stjude.org)

Cell lines and transfected cell systems augment this study with particular emphasis on perturbations in the biology of selectins, integrins, matrix adhesion, and chemokine receptors. (stjude.org)
Cell biology of corn smut disease - Ustilago maydis as a model for biotrophic interactions. (uni-koeln.de)
Due to its highly differentiated development and the amenability for reverse-genetics U. maydis provides a model system for both fungal cell biology as well as the study of biotrophic plant interaction. (uni-koeln.de)
The present article highlights key findings in different aspects of cell biology on the corn smut disease and provides an outlook on the most intriguing open questions. (uni-koeln.de)

Some virulence traits such as mating locus are genetically encoded (13) whereas others such as capsule induction underlie complex epigenetic regulation (14 15 which can also be passed onto progeny. (biongenex.com)

UAB researchers, based on a collection of clinical isolates from several countries, have established a link between the cell-to-cell communication system (the quorum sensing) and the virulence and resistance phenotypes in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. (news-medical.net)

For years, scientists have explored ways to alter the cells of microorganisms in efforts to improve how a wide range of products are made - including medicines, fuels, and even beer. (news-medical.net)

We propose that growing properties of ageing cells and possibly also additional fungal pathogens contribute to persistence and virulence. (biongenex.com)

The main virulence factor of C. albicans is the ability to transform from planktonic yeast-form cells into a filamentous form (hyphae or pseudohyphae), with the subsequent formation of biofilm. (lu.se)
Our hypothesis is that certain polyhydroxylated carboxylic acids, that may serve as an alternative carbohydrate source and at the same time lower the pH, function as an indicator of a nutrient-rich environment for C. albicans, which favors planktonic cells over hyphae, and thus diminish the formation of biofilm. (lu.se)

A complex regulatory network controls the assembly of the flagellum and the number per cell, which varies between different species. (ncl.ac.uk)
Lancefield groups K through V are streptococcal species of limited virulence that can cause infections in people who are immunocompromised. (msdmanuals.com)

In this study, we demonstrate an anti-virulence activity of a cranberry extract rich in proanthocyanidins (cerPAC) against P. aeruginosa in the model host Drosophila melanogaster and show this is mediated by QS interference. (nature.com)
These findings provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of action of a cerPAC to restrict the virulence of P. aeruginosa and can have implications in the development of alternative approaches to control infections. (nature.com)

Here we analyse five whole genome sequences of V. coralliilyticus to examine whether virulence is similarly driven by horizontally acquired elements. (nature.com)
Agrobacterium mediated transformation is the most widely used means of integrating DNA fragments of interested into the genome of plant cells. (igem.org)

Regarding to the virulence and host aspects, the means S D of high virulent and low virulent isolates as well as human and animal isolates were 85.8 and 85.6% in PAGE, respectively. (scialert.net)
Amongst these, the T3SS- also called injectosome is responsible for the injection of toxins into the eukaryotic host cell and thus majorly determines the degree of pathogenicity ( Cornelis, 2006 ). (frontiersin.org)

Over the last decade, research on antimicrobials has shifted towards an alternative approach to combat pathogens using anti-infective drugs that selectively interrupt virulence pathways to help prevent or cure bacterial infections. (nature.com)

EspA acts as a critical mediator of ESX1-dependent virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by affecting bacterial cell wall integrity. (umassmed.edu)
As originally described by Lancefield, beta-hemolytic streptococci can be divided into many groups based on the antigenic differences in group-specific polysaccharides located in the bacterial cell wall. (medscape.com)

During the project I will learn new techniques, such as plant genetics, plant cell culturing, and classical and confocal fluorescence microscopy. (europa.eu)

The polysaccharide antiphagocytic capsule is this bacterium's main virulence factor . (wikidoc.org)

The tuberculosis bacterium protects itself from our immune system and antibiotics with an almost impermeable cell wall. (vu.nl)

This new research assesses the ability of effectors from separate individuals to work in concert in causing virulence in the plant Arabidopsis. (utoronto.ca)

Yeast cells were grown in YPG medium and collected by centrifugation. (scialert.net)

These phytohormones cause uncontrolled cell proliferation which resulting in the formation of a gall or tumor. (igem.org)

This Articaine HCl model closely mimics human CME (21 22 and allows us to assess the generational age of cells cells obtained from individuals with CME. (biongenex.com)
The mean S D of cell wall was 91.9% between low virulent and high virulent isolates and 92.2% between human and animal isolates. (scialert.net)
B) M. pneumoniae is toxic to human cells. (uni-goettingen.de)
thus, it can be found within various phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells in the human body. (news-medical.net)
Femke Feringa will use human induced pluripotent stem cells to generate astrocytes and study how the AD risk mutation APOE4 contributes to senescence in these supportive brain cells. (vu.nl)

Similarly, chemotherapy cancer treatment weakens the patient's immune system temporarily as cancerous cells and other healthy, rapidly dividing cells like those in bone marrow, which produce antibody-fighting white blood cells, are damaged. (jax.org)

Anatomy10

Organisms53

Diseases22

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes43

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Information Science4

Determinants3

Pathogen9

Infection12

Factors19

Epithelial7

Genes5

Major virulence factor2

Pathogenic2

Differ in virulence1

Protein15

Strains2

Biofilms1

Proteins13

Salmonella1

Motility1

Bacteria7

Mutants2

Organism2

Pseudomonas3

Mechanism1

Microbiology1

Induce5

Evade2

Receptor3

Molecular1

Invasion2

Murine2

20232

Biology4

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Quorum1

Microorganisms1

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Species2

Aeruginosa2

Genome2

Host2

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