• Insights into the oncological characteristics and tumor microenvironment (TME) of different histologic subtypes of LUAD at the single-cell level can help identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities and combinational approaches to improve the survival of LUAD patients. (nih.gov)
  • CD4 + T cells contribute to the remodeling of the microenvironment required for sustained tumor regression upon oncogene inactivation. (nature.com)
  • Tumor purity-related coexpression factors in the tumor microenvironment have essential clinical, genomic, and biological significance in lung cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • Tumor microenvironment possesses complexity because of a mixture of growth-promoting and inhibiting growth factors, nutrients, chemokines, and other noncancer types, which interact with each other and associate with tumor growth, disease progression, drug resistance, and especially, infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor growth [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • We explored the coexpression factors most related to tumor purity and related biological functions and demonstrated the most relevant biological functions and mechanism of action affecting tumor purity in the lung cancer tumor microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
  • Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease harboring significant microenvironment heterogeneity, especially for the macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrated myeloid compartment was an interactive hub of tumor microenvironment (TME) essential for PDAC progression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Accumulating evidence suggests that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may promote tumor growth by providing appropriate tumor microenvironment. (cdc.gov)
  • A new study led by researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center provides a deeper understanding of the evolution of the tumor microenvironment during gastric cancer progression. (news-medical.net)
  • Most studies have concentrated on tumor cells and largely overlooked the immune and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment, which are very dynamic and play critical roles in cancer progression. (news-medical.net)
  • along with normal tissue and peripheral blood samples, the team characterized the diverse immune and stromal cell populations within the tumor microenvironment and discovered exploitable targets to modulate the tumor microenvironment. (news-medical.net)
  • Various immune and stromal cell subsets formed multicellular communities, or collections of cell states, present in the tumor microenvironment of an individual tumor sample. (news-medical.net)
  • While many published single-cell studies have focused on characterizing the heterogeneity of each individual cell compartment, our study utilized a novel approach and concept of integrating various components of the tumor microenvironment to define ecotypes and investigated their clinical significance,' Wang said. (news-medical.net)
  • While stromal components within the tumor microenvironment play crucial roles in tumor initiation, progression and metastases, cancer treatment strategies have thus far rarely focused on modulating stromal components, especially in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. (news-medical.net)
  • Recent evidence, however, supports a dual role for macrophages in the regulation of tumour proliferation and immune control 10 , 16 , and indicates that the local tissue microenvironment plays a critical role in determining cell phenotypes. (ersjournals.com)
  • Importantly, immune constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME) can influence therapy response and cancer progression. (mdpi.com)
  • These findings show that the presence and ratio of fungal species in cancer cells - the intratumour mycobiome - can, despite their low abundance, promote tumour progression by inducing an immunosuppressive microenvironment. (who.int)
  • This study adds to the observations that the mycobiome, as well as the microbiome, contributes towards a microenvironment that plays a critical role in promoting tumour progression, by diverting human immune-suppressing responses. (who.int)
  • Persistence of solitary mammary carcinoma cells in a secondary site: a possible contributor to dormancy. (nature.com)
  • We measured tumor purity in 486 lung carcinoma tissues from TCGA-LUAD FPKM by using the "estimate" R package. (hindawi.com)
  • Lung carcinoma tumor mutation burden was calculated by analyzing TCGA single nucleotide polymorphism data. (hindawi.com)
  • Based on the tumor purity and lung carcinoma gene matrix, we performed weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and the tumor purity-related module was identified. (hindawi.com)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma. (healthline.com)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of cancer in the respiratory tract and sinuses. (healthline.com)
  • Subcutaneous injection of the SWCNT-exposed NHLFs along with human lung carcinoma H460 cells in NSG mice resulted in a high rate of tumor formation compared with the coinjection of vehicle-exposed NHLFs and H460 cells, indicating the tumor-promoting effect of SWCNT-exposed NHLFs. (cdc.gov)
  • Cloacogenic carcinoma looks different than squamous cell cancers, but behaves similarly and is treated the same. (medlineplus.gov)
  • They may either follow radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma, or the larynx may be the site of metastatic osteosarcoma (primary bone cancer). (wearethecure.org)
  • There are three types of tracheal cancer your dog may be at risk for, lymphoma, chondrosarcoma and squamous cell carcinoma. (wearethecure.org)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma of the trachea may be ulcerative or exophytic (outward growing tumor) in appearance. (wearethecure.org)
  • revealed for the first time carcinoma ex microcystic adenoma in which the tumor, without metastases, showed inherent malignant changes [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Metallothionein stroma reaction in tumor adjacent healthy tissue in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and breast adenocarcinoma. (nel.edu)
  • The aim of our study was to evaluate the MT expression in head and neck squamous cells carcinoma and breast adenocarcinoma and their histologically healthy adjacent tissue. (nel.edu)
  • Foamy gland carcinoma of the prostate features cells with abundant finely vacuolated cytoplasm and pyknotic hyperchromatic nuclei. (medscape.com)
  • In the United States, by far the more common is adenocarcinoma, but we also see squamous cell carcinoma about 25% of the time. (cancernetwork.com)
  • There are usually 2 types - adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. (cancer.org)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma occurs more frequently, although large cell and undifferentiated types are also common. (medscape.com)
  • Although other tumors may have a similar clinical presentation because of their location at the thoracic inlet, the most common cause is believed to be a bronchogenic carcinoma arising in or near the superior sulcus and invading adjacent extrathoracic structures by direct extension. (medscape.com)
  • The overwhelming majority of cases of Pancoast syndrome are non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), with more than 95% located in the superior sulcus. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, SDC2 expression was consistently elevated in stromal cells across various other cancer types, including pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (news-medical.net)
  • To explore the pathologic significance of calponin 2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, the expression level of calponin 2 proteins in the tumor tissue of 190 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients was examined with immunohistochemistry while the expression level of calponin 2 messenger ribonucleic acid was analyzed by using the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Both the calponin 2 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein level were increasingly expressed in the tumor tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissue and correlated negatively with the tumor grade. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Calponin 2 was shown to be an independent factor influencing the overall survival of the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma[ 2 , 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • However, the role of C1QBP in metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells have not yet been explored. (medsci.org)
  • Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the urinary system, causing over 140,000 deaths worldwide each year[ 1 ]. (medsci.org)
  • For negative in situ hybridization controls, we used tissue specimens from patients with Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive Merkel cell carcinoma and BK polyomavirus nephropathy and a T-cell lymphoma tissue microarray that included 1 case of Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive T-cell lymphoma. (cdc.gov)
  • A history of prior squamous cell carcinoma , malignant melanoma , or malignant fibrous histiocytoma suggests intraglandular metastasis or metastasis to parotid lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
  • Background: South Africa (SA) has one of the highest global incidences of squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus (SCC). (bvsalud.org)
  • EBV-LMPI expression in tumour cells of 10 of 26 cases of oesophageal carcinoma may also be of value in diagnosis and pathogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Previous work in our laboratory identified keratin 17 (K17) as a specific and sensitive biomarker for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (medscape.com)
  • Cervical cancer has multiple histologic subtypes, with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounting for approximately 75% of cases and invasive adenocarcinoma accounting for 10% to 15% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • [ 11-13 ] By contrast, we discovered, using laser capture microdissection and mass spectrometry, that keratin 17 (K17) could predict the overall survival of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma more accurately than grade, stage, or any other clinicopathologic features. (medscape.com)
  • [ 15 ] Other studies have shown K17 to be a negative prognostic indicator in gastric adenocarcinoma, bladder carcinoma, epithelial ovarian carcinoma, and triple-negative breast carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • Through comparative profiling of cell communities defined by scRNA-seq data, we characterized the TME of LUAD samples of distinct histologic subtypes, with relevant results further confirmed in multiple bulk transcriptomic, proteomic datasets and an independent immunohistochemical validation cohort. (nih.gov)
  • Besides, the tumor metabolic preferences vary across histologic subtypes and may correspondingly impinge on the metabolism and function of immune cells. (nih.gov)
  • Most cases of stomach cancers are gastric carcinomas, which can be divided into a number of subtypes, including gastric adenocarcinomas. (wikipedia.org)
  • With a prevalence of 80-85%, ductal adenocarcinomas are far more common than all other histologic subtypes of pancreatic cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Clear cell RCC (ccRCC) is the most common subtype among the malignant RCCs, accounting for 70-80%, followed by papillary (15%), chromophobe (4-5%), and other fewer subtypes[ 2 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Other histologic subtypes include adenosquamous, clear cell, and papillary serous carcinomas. (medscape.com)
  • [ 5 ] It has been shown that histologic type is an independent prognostic factor in cervical cancer, with adenocarcinoma subtypes being associated with a poorer prognosis compared with SCC. (medscape.com)
  • The researchers also found that whereas the ratio of certain fungal species was similar in non-tumour tissues and some tumour tissues, other, more aggressive tumour subtypes had a greater difference in the proportion of these species. (who.int)
  • The most common and aggressive type is ductal adenocarcinoma. (bidmc.org)
  • Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers with a 5-year survival rate of less than 8% [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Background The pancreatic cancer vaccine, GVAX, induces novel lymphoid aggregates in the otherwise immune quiescent pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). (bmj.com)
  • Answer: A. Ductal adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • In highly heterogeneous tumours, like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) however, the characterisation of cancer stem cells has led to controversial results due to the lack of consensus on specific markers. (lu.se)
  • Expression Profiling of Circulating Tumor Cells in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients: Biomarkers Predicting Overall Survival. (cdc.gov)
  • Modulating miR-320d function by transfection of miR-320 mimics or inhibitor led to inhibition or promotion of GCA cell proliferation and invasion, thus regulating tumor progression in GCA-tumor bearing mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) orchestrate PDAC malignancy, but their dynamics during disease progression remains poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carbon nanotube s promote lung tumor progression through the induction of cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer stem-like cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Pulmonary exposure to carbon nanotube s (CNTs) has recently been shown to promote the growth and neoplastic progression of lung adenocarcinoma in animals, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. (cdc.gov)
  • Semaphorin 4B promotes tumor progression and associates with immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide due to inherent treatment resistance, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the progression from early pre-cancer to tumor formation and metastasis are not well understood. (news-medical.net)
  • This study represents the largest single-cell RNA sequencing cohort of gastric adenocarcinoma to date and brings important new insights into how these cell populations impact disease progression. (news-medical.net)
  • There is increasing interest in the role played by the innate and adaptive immune systems in the regulation of tumour development and progression 2 , 3 and it is anticipated that a better understanding of the molecular and cellular immunology of NSCLC will lead to the identification of novel targets for immunotherapy. (ersjournals.com)
  • The role of macrophage phenotypes in tumour progression has been extensively reviewed 6 - 10 . (ersjournals.com)
  • In vivo , orthotopic tumor xenografts assay was performed to investigate the role of C1QBP in RCC progression. (medsci.org)
  • [ 14 ] Subsequent work in our laboratory demonstrated that K17 serves as a nuclear shuttle of p27KIP1, resulting in sustained cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
  • The diversity of histologic composition reflects the inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) macroscopically. (nih.gov)
  • These nontumor cells dilute the tumor purity in lung cancer tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • Tumor purity plays an essential role in the immune response to lung cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • At present, the biological processes related to the purity of lung cancer tumors remains unclear. (hindawi.com)
  • A lung cancer tumor purity correlated coexpression network was determined. (hindawi.com)
  • We are now aware that lung cancer tissues are rich in nontumor cells, of which stromal cells significantly regulate tumor proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • With the development of bioinformatics in recent years and the acquisition of open lung cancer cohorts, it becomes possible to evaluate tumor purity content in the samples according to the estimated infiltration of stromal and immune cells ESTIMATE algorithm [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Delivery of siRNA-peptide nanoplexes co-targeting MK2 and XPA to pre-existing p53-deficient tumors in a highly aggressive, immunocompetent mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma improves long-term survival and cisplatin response beyond those of the synthetic lethal p53 mutant/MK2 combination alone. (nature.com)
  • We show that exposure of normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) to physiological relevant concentrations of single-walled (SW) CNTs (0.08-0.15 microg/cm2) upregulated the expression of podoplanin, a known CAF marker of human lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting that SWCNTs can trigger NHLFs to initiate CAFs. (cdc.gov)
  • Avastin, in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel, is indicated for the first‑line treatment of patients with unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. (avastin.com)
  • SEMA4B inhibits growth of non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • SEMA4b inhibits MMP9 to prevent metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 repress SEMA4B expression to promote non-small cell lung cancer invasion. (nih.gov)
  • Once universally fatal, Pancoast tumors are currently treatable with outcomes similar to those of other stage-matched non-small cell lung cancers. (medscape.com)
  • Pancoast tumors are a subset of lung cancers that invade the apical chest wall. (medscape.com)
  • The bulk of a true Pancoast tumor is extrathoracic, originating in an extreme peripheral location with a plaquelike extension over the lung apex and principally involving the chest wall structures rather than the underlying lung parenchyma. (medscape.com)
  • These apical lung tumors tend to be locally invasive early. (medscape.com)
  • There is a marked survival advantage for patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) expressing high numbers of macrophages in their tumour islets. (ersjournals.com)
  • Macrophages infiltrating the tumour islets in nonsmall cell lung cancer were predominantly of the M1 phenotype in patients with extended survival. (ersjournals.com)
  • Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. (ersjournals.com)
  • Monocytes activated by tumour-derived microvesicles from pancreatic, colon and lung cancer cell lines have been found to show increased expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and a resulting increase in production of reactive oxygen intermediates and TNF-α 11 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Our cases comprised 1 patient with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma involving the brain (case 1), 1 patient with meningioma (case 2), and 1 patient with a metastatic perivascular epithelial cell tumor involving the liver ( Table ). (cdc.gov)
  • Unlike other Gulf countries, adenocarcinoma was the predominant type in both Qatari nationals and expatriates (43.9% of lung cancer types). (who.int)
  • Scientists from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and partner institutions investigated the amount of fungus present in lung adenocarcinoma tissue and found that the abundance of fungi in tumour tissue was higher than that in matched non-tumour tissue. (who.int)
  • This finding suggests a potential correlation between fungal growth and the aggressiveness of lung adenocarcinoma. (who.int)
  • Any pancreatic tumor, as well as benign conditions such as pancreatitis, require diagnosis and treatment by expert specialists. (bidmc.org)
  • However, treatment is usually needed because even benign, or noncancerous, tumors can damage your sinuses and nasal cavity. (healthline.com)
  • Even if they remain benign, these tumors do need to be treated because they can cause damage to your nasal passages and sinuses, as well as damage to the eyes and base of the skull. (healthline.com)
  • These tumors can be benign or cancerous. (uclahealth.org)
  • Microcystic adenoma of the pancreas is a tumor that is benign in nature. (hindawi.com)
  • Other patterns include arrangement of the histiocytes in cords or single cells that percolate between benign prostatic glands. (medscape.com)
  • Approximately 80% of all pancreatic cancers are adenocarcinomas, with only 2% of exocrine pancreatic tumors diagnosed as benign. (medscape.com)
  • Müllerian adenosarcoma (MA) is a rare mixed and low malignant tumor of female genital system, and is a biphasic differential tumor that is composed of admixed benign epithelial and sarcomatoid mesenchymal components. (scirp.org)
  • these are discussed in detail in the Medscape Reference article Benign Parotid Tumors . (medscape.com)
  • Of patients with malignant parotid tumors, 7-20% present with facial nerve weakness or paralysis, which almost never accompanies benign lesions and indicates a poor prognosis. (medscape.com)
  • Cases of endocervical adenocarcinoma (n = 90), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) (n = 32), benign glandular lesions (n = 36), and normal endocervical mucosa (n = 5) were selected from Stony Brook Medicine and the University of Massachusetts from 2002 to 2013. (medscape.com)
  • K17 was not detected in the epithelial cells of benign glandular lesions, but groups of cuboidal cells, residing beneath the epithelial layer of benign glands, were frequently positive for K17, especially in cases of microglandular hyperplasia. (medscape.com)
  • Antitumor Effect of Galectin-9 on Cell Proliferation and Tumor Growth of Human Duodenal Adenocarcinoma Cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell proliferation was examined in HuTu-80 cells using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. (bvsalud.org)
  • Gal-9 suppressed the proliferation of HuTu-80 via blockade of the G0 to G1 cell cycle transition. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion assays were performed to evaluate the effects of miR-320d on GCA cells after transfection in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Notably, as in vitro experiments indicated, TAM-derived HBEGF promoted proliferation and invasion of the pancreatic cancer cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We showed that overexpression of DKK3 can decrease cell invasion, proliferation, and colony forming ability of GBC cells. (amrita.edu)
  • Determinants of drug delivery and transport to solid tumors. (springer.com)
  • We identified rare cases on our next generation sequencing panel of solid tumors with off-target, high quality reads that aligned to the TSPyV genome. (cdc.gov)
  • Dormant cancer cells: programmed quiescence, senescence, or both? (nature.com)
  • Cancer Cell 18 , 485-498 (2010). (nature.com)
  • The only cure for pancreatic cancer is surgery, provided the tumor has not spread and can be removed completely and safely. (bidmc.org)
  • Does a sinus tumor mean you have cancer? (healthline.com)
  • A sinus tumor doesn't always mean cancer . (healthline.com)
  • Serious adverse effects and low selectivity to cancer cells are the main obstacles of long term therapy with Tamoxifen (Tmx). (springer.com)
  • Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of the optimized formula on both breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and normal cells (BHK) showed enhanced selectivity (9.4 folds) on cancerous cells with IC 50 values 4.7 ± 1.5 and 44.3 ± 1.3 μg/ml on cancer and normal cells, respectively. (springer.com)
  • While, free Tmx exhibited lower selectivity (2.5 folds) than optimized nano-vesicles on cancer cells with IC 50 values of 9.0 ± 1.1 μg/ml and 22.5 ± 5.3 μg/ml on MCF-7 and BHK cells, respectively. (springer.com)
  • These findings establish a mechanism for co-targeting DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints in combination with repair of cisplatin-DNA lesions in vivo using RNAi nanocarriers, and motivate further exploration of ASL as a generalized strategy to improve cancer treatment. (nature.com)
  • Because BRCA mutations are observed in fewer than 10% of cancer patients (cBioPortal: 6.7%) 11 , 12 , 13 the identification of additional genes that share synthetic lethal sensitivity relationships with mutated oncogenes or tumor suppressors would greatly enhance the implementation of tumor cell-specific synthetic lethal sensitivity to improve an anticancer therapeutic response. (nature.com)
  • Cancer cells that are defective in p53 function are deficient in their ability to transcriptionally upregulate the CDK inhibitor p21 after genotoxic stress. (nature.com)
  • A rare pancreatic cancer made up of squamous cells that originate in the pancreatic ducts. (uclahealth.org)
  • The mechanism by which SWCNT-exposed fibroblasts promote tumor growth was shown to involve cancer stem cell (CSC) induction, as determined by tumor sphere formation and side population assays. (cdc.gov)
  • Our scientists pursue every aspect of cancer research-from exploring the biology of genes and cells, to developing immune-based treatments, uncovering the causes of metastasis, and more. (mskcc.org)
  • The two main types of appendix cancer are called carcinoid tumors and carcinomas. (mskcc.org)
  • The tumors here are skin cancers and are treated as skin cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ovarian cancer immuno-reactive antigen domain containing 1 (OCIAD1), a key player in ovarian cancer cell adhesion. (nih.gov)
  • MSK researchers Charles Sawyers and Dana Pe'er discovered that inflammatory signaling pathways play a key role when prostate cancer cells convert to a different cell type - a transformation known as lineage plasticity. (mskcc.org)
  • Cancer cells are adept at developing ways to evade treatments. (mskcc.org)
  • In the past few years, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) researchers found a startling reason: Some prostate tumor cells completely change their identity to survive. (mskcc.org)
  • This transformation, known as lineage plasticity, allows cancer cells to convert to a different cell type. (mskcc.org)
  • The reason AR-targeted drugs work in prostate cancer is that the particular cell lineage requires the androgen receptor to survive. (mskcc.org)
  • An accumulation of genetic alterations forming the field of cancerization is an important event for the transformation from normal to cancer cell in multistep carcinogenesis. (nel.edu)
  • Histopathologically healthy tumor adjacent tissue might be considered as a cancerization field which is typified by genetic changes required for the development of cancer. (nel.edu)
  • While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal T RM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • Recent studies in mouse tumor models have shown that T RM cells are induced by cancer vaccines delivered in peripheral tissue sites, or by the depletion of regulatory T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review will recount the path to discovering the importance of resident memory CD8 T cells as they pertain to cancer immunity. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cancer can be considered a disease of immune dysfunction, with a failure of immune recognition leading to the outgrowth of malignant cells as tumors ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The recent success of T cell immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies for cancer has revealed CD8 T cells as potent mediators of immunity against advanced cancers ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • As the field of cancer immunotherapy advances rapidly, it is now crucial to understand how the dissemination and maintenance of tumor-specific T cells can be optimally achieved. (frontiersin.org)
  • These early classifications of T cell memory were quickly brought to bear on the question of what T cell subset provides the best immunity against cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • To discuss current and emerging therapy options for esophageal cancer, ONCOLOGY spoke with Geoffrey Y. Ku, MD, a medical oncologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, who specializes in the treatment of malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, including esophageal tumors. (cancernetwork.com)
  • The first is the location of the tumor, and the second is the histology of the cancer. (cancernetwork.com)
  • and a type III tumor is a proximal gastric cancer extending upwards to the gastroesophageal junction. (cancernetwork.com)
  • For esophageal squamous cell cancer, we consider standard therapy to be definitive chemoradiation with observation. (cancernetwork.com)
  • The CROSS trial, conducted in the Netherlands, reported a pathologic response rate of almost 50% for patients with squamous cell cancer of the esophagus who received chemoradiation. (cancernetwork.com)
  • In general, most patients who develop squamous cell cancers have comorbidities, since this is a cancer related to smoking and drinking. (cancernetwork.com)
  • The image portrays a progressive model of pancreatic cancer, from normal epithelium to invasively growing tumor. (medscape.com)
  • [3] A general rule for the genetic onset of pancreatic cancer is that multiple combinations of genetic mutations are present in adenocarcinomas. (medscape.com)
  • Cancer of the Appendix (also known as appendiceal cancer) occurs when cells in the appendix become abnormal and multiply without control. (cancerindex.org)
  • Highlights of the study, published today in Cancer Cell , include a link between multicellular communities and clinical outcomes as well as a potential new therapeutic target. (news-medical.net)
  • This research sheds light on how the various immune and stromal cell subsets evolve during gastric cancer development. (news-medical.net)
  • Gastric adenocarcinoma exhibits a high degree of heterogeneity with respect to both its phenotypes and molecular characteristics, but research around it has lagged behind other cancer types. (news-medical.net)
  • Researchers found SDC2 overexpression in stromal cells, especially in cancer-associated fibroblasts, was correlated with aggressive disease and advanced stages, and strongly associated with unfavorable survival outcomes. (news-medical.net)
  • Introducing either necroptotic cells or an enzyme that triggers necroptosis can wipe out cancer. (the-scientist.com)
  • In recent years, biologists have begun to investigate whether activating necroptosis in cancer cells could similarly coax the immune system into attacking tumors. (the-scientist.com)
  • To investigate the effects of necroptotic cells on tumors, doctoral student Annelise Snyder at the University of Washington along with her colleagues engineered cancer cells in which the RIPK3 protein-an enzyme that triggers the necroptotic pathway-was activated. (the-scientist.com)
  • Importantly, these animals survived significantly longer than mice that had received injections of cancer cells that had apoptosis-inducing enzymes activated instead. (the-scientist.com)
  • That necroptotic cells don't have to carry any tumor antigen to have this effect was a remarkable finding to senior author Andrew Oberst , a cancer immunologist at the University of Washington. (the-scientist.com)
  • To him, it suggests that the necroptotic cells don't direct T cells to target tumors by displaying particular antigens, but rather by secreting particular cytokines and chemokines that activate local T cells that reside around the tumor and are already primed to attack those cancer cells, but need an external nudge to become active. (the-scientist.com)
  • That necroptotic cancer cells produce an immune response was already known-as his lab and others have shown -but the mechanisms involved were largely unexplored, he says. (the-scientist.com)
  • The M1 phenotype (classically activated) macrophages are thought to be induced by interferon-γ, with or without lipopolysaccharide and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and exert a cytotoxic effect against cancer cells. (ersjournals.com)
  • Further, in esophageal cancer tumor tissue, calponin 2 gene was found to co-express with genes associated with tight junction and the expression level of calponin 2 was observed to correlate significantly with the number of infiltrating immune cells. (ijpsonline.com)
  • These results supported the idea that calponin 2 is involved in esophageal cancer and may function as a tumor inhibitor probably through modulating cancer cells tight junction and tumor immunity. (ijpsonline.com)
  • She said that I had aggressive form of cervical cancer, an adenocarcinoma, which ultimately turned out to be Stage 1B1 cervical cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Editor's note: Adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that can form in mucus-secreting glands throughout the body. (cdc.gov)
  • Stage 1B1 cervical cancer indicates that the tumor appears clinically to be confined to the tissues of the cervix, and is less than 4 cm in diameter. (cdc.gov)
  • Cancer stem cells are a population of slow-cycling cells within the tumour bulk, with self-renewal capacity that attracts interest as a therapeutic target. (lu.se)
  • Here we investigated the characteristics of a population of pancreatic cancer tumorspheres derived from different human pancreatic cancer cell lines and a primary line from a genetically engineered KPC mouse model, using flow cytometry and western blotting to analyse surface and stemness markers. (lu.se)
  • Leiomyosarcoma (cancer of smooth muscle cells) can develop in the wall of the stomach. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The study was published in Cancer Cell . (who.int)
  • Located just below the larynx, the trachea can also develop cancerous tumors, though also rare in dogs. (wearethecure.org)
  • Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are sarcomas (cancerous tumors of connective. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Finally, expression levels of these factors were measured at tissue and single-cell levels. (hindawi.com)
  • The structure of tumor tissue is complex. (hindawi.com)
  • In this study, we verified the prognosis value of miR-320d in human GCA tissue, and identified its expression level in GCA specimens, GCA cell lines, and GCA tumor-bearing mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It starts in cells that line the anal canal and grows into the deeper tissue. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Chondrosarcomas are malignant tumors that arise in any place where there is cartilage (type of connective tissue). (wearethecure.org)
  • We have sampled 29 tissue samples in total derived from head and neck cancers and 29 samples of their clear surgical margins, 33 breast adenocarcinomas and 33 clear surgical margins. (nel.edu)
  • Resident memory (T RM ) cells are a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. (frontiersin.org)
  • Such tumor-specific T RM cells are recognized as both necessary and sufficient for long-lived protection against tumors in peripheral tissue locations. (frontiersin.org)
  • Patients with higher calponin 2 in the tumor tissue were found to have longer overall survival time. (ijpsonline.com)
  • To explore the possible pathological significance of calponin in ESCC, in this study, we first examined the expression of calponin isoforms in the tumor tissue of ESCC patients and further explored their association with the disease. (ijpsonline.com)
  • We detected TSPyV RNA in tissue specimens by in situ hybridization, which revealed localization to endothelial cells. (cdc.gov)
  • We used the RNAscope 2.5 LS Probe-Hs-PPIB-sense probe (Advanced Cell Diagnostics), which is specific for peptidylprolyl isomerase B, to demonstrate the presence of intact RNA in the tissue sections. (cdc.gov)
  • Matched Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS) and Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES) of Tumor Tissue with Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) Analysis: Complementary Modalities in Clinical Practice. (cdc.gov)
  • In response to DNA damage, a synthetic lethal relationship exists between the cell cycle checkpoint kinase MK2 and the tumor suppressor p53. (nature.com)
  • Because most tumors are deficient in one or more aspects of the function of the p53 tumor suppressor, either as a consequence of mutations within p53, or impairment of upstream and downstream modulators of p53 activity 19 , targeting MK2 has the potential to selectively enhance tumor cell killing without increasing the genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on normal p53-wild type tissues. (nature.com)
  • Taken together, our data suggested that miR-320d acts as a tumor suppressor in GCA by directly targeting FoxM1 and thus potentially serves as a biomarker for anti-GCA therapy in GCA patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Loss of DKK3 gene is associated with a possible tumor suppressor role in human cancers. (amrita.edu)
  • John C Warren, MD, was the first to use ether inhalation anesthesia during his resection of a parotid tumor in Boston in 1846. (medscape.com)
  • The (Z) zygomaticotemporal branch and the (C) cervicofacial branch of the facial nerve are dissected out during resection of a parotid tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Clinicians may investigate and exclude a history of weight loss, underlying infectious processes (eg, fever, elevated white blood cell [WBC] count, and concomitant lymphadenopathy), and clinical indications of lymphoma type B symptoms (eg, night sweats, fever, and chills). (medscape.com)
  • Galectin -9 (Gal-9) induces tumor cell apoptosis in lymphoma and other malignant cell types. (bvsalud.org)
  • Other types include islet cell tumors, pancreatic lymphoma, and cystic tumors, such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN or IPMT). (bidmc.org)
  • In lymphoma and thyroid adenocarcinoma, the disease generally metastasizes to the larynx and the trachea. (wearethecure.org)
  • Stomach lymphoma responds to treatment better than adenocarcinoma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • [ 16-20 ] There remains a critically important, unmet clinical need, however, to identify prognostic (as opposed to diagnostic) biomarkers of endocervical adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • Though not all of these tumors grow or spread, some can evolve into malignancies. (healthline.com)
  • Second primary squamous cell malignancies are rampant. (wearethecure.org)
  • Indeed a wealth of studies from humans and mouse models establishes a particularly potent role for CD8 T cells in controlling the outgrowth of malignancies ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Now, researchers show that injecting cells undergoing necroptosis into mice's tumors directs killer T cells to attack the malignancies and slow their growth. (the-scientist.com)
  • We show that loss of the DNA repair protein XPA markedly augments the synthetic lethality between MK2 and p53, enhancing anti-tumor responses alone and in combination with cisplatin chemotherapy. (nature.com)
  • GVAX also upregulates the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, and a pre-clinical model demonstrated the anti-tumor effects of combination GVAX and anti-PD-1 antibody therapy (GVAX/αPD-1). (bmj.com)
  • In addition to highlighting key studies that directly implicate T RM cells in anti-tumor immunity, we will highlight earlier work that implicitly suggested their importance. (frontiersin.org)
  • About 95% of stomach Stomach The stomach is a large, bean-shaped, hollow muscular organ consisting of four regions: Cardia Fundus Body Antrum read more cancers are adenocarcinomas. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Metastasis of cancerous cells can affect organs surrounding the pancreas, including the stomach and the colon. (medscape.com)
  • The following recommendations are based on tumor/node/metastasis (TNM)-based stages. (medscape.com)
  • [ 6 , 7 ] When adenocarcinomas are present, they tend to be larger in size and have a propensity for early lymphatic and hematogenous metastasis. (medscape.com)
  • Histologically, the tumor was composed of polygonal cells exhibiting diffuse hemorrhage, multifocal necroses, and vascular invasion. (nih.gov)
  • [2] Histologically, most pancreatic adenocarcinomas are moderately to poorly differentiated. (medscape.com)
  • Liquid biopsy: The genomic alterations of solid cancers can be identified by evaluating circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the blood This procedure is used more in patients who cannot undergo traditional biopsy, but can also be performed in other patients to gather more evidence for management. (medscape.com)
  • We observed low expression of DKK3 in gallbladder adenocarcinoma tumors and highly invasive GBC cell lines. (amrita.edu)
  • Staining tended to be strongest at the periphery of pseudoglandular groups and at the invasive front of tumors. (medscape.com)
  • K17 is highly expressed in most cases of both invasive adenocarcinoma and in AIS and is a powerful, negative prognostic marker for patient survival. (medscape.com)
  • Although p16 INK4a has been well established as sensitive and accurate diagnostic biomarker for endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ and invasive adenocarcinoma in histologic sections and in cervical cytology specimens, clinical and diagnostic features alone have limited power to predict the survival of patients with endocervical adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • Discrepancies in stromal cell function, evidenced by varying degrees of stromal remodeling and fibrosis, may also contribute to the specific immune phenotype of solid LUADs. (nih.gov)
  • The research team termed these groups 'ecotypes' and identified six unique ecotypes, with each dominated by specific immune and stromal cell states. (news-medical.net)
  • Tumors categorized as EC3 were composed mainly of immune cell subsets, whereas EC6 tumors predominantly included stromal cell subsets. (news-medical.net)
  • Mutations in which of the following genes are commonly found in pancreatic adenocarcinoma? (medscape.com)
  • Mutations in all of the genes listed in slide 4 are found in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • Studies have shown that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) accelerates tumor growth, and also induces mutations or produces cytotoxic effects concurrently. (medsci.org)
  • There are many types of pancreatic tumors. (bidmc.org)
  • These are less common tumors, which, despite the name, are not carcinoid tumors or NETs. (mskcc.org)
  • Mast cell lesions are among the most common tumors in dogs. (wearethecure.org)
  • These rare tumors then grow into your nasal cavity. (healthline.com)
  • Müllerian adenosarcomas are rare tumors with non-specific clinical features, and this forms a circumstance that poses significant challenges to the clinical practice or even delayed treatment when women presented with complaints of abdominal pain and irregular vaginal bleeding from the endometriosis postoperatively. (scirp.org)
  • Prostate xanthomas may mimic high-grade prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma with foamy cytoplasm, as well as adenocarcinoma with posthormonal therapy effect, particularly androgen deprivation therapy. (medscape.com)
  • The concept has now been extended to embrace synthetic lethal drug sensitivity, such as that observed with PARP inhibitors in combination with DNA-damaging chemotherapy in a variety of BRCA defective tumors 10 . (nature.com)
  • The combination of radiation and chemotherapy achieves better tumor control than the use of radiation alone. (medlineplus.gov)
  • For very small tumors, surgery alone is typically used, instead of radiation and chemotherapy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The treatment of squamous esophageal tumors has not changed much over the last 30 to 40 years and consists primarily of chemotherapy. (cancernetwork.com)
  • A potential alternative for adenocarcinoma tumors at the gastroesophageal junction is perioperative chemotherapy. (cancernetwork.com)
  • Tumors of the pancreas that contain substantial cystic components include mainly mucinous cystic neoplasm, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, solid pseudopapillary tumor, and cystadenomas (which encompass microcystic, macrocystic/oligocystic, and rare solid serous adenomas). (hindawi.com)
  • Pancreatic cystic tumors fall into the serous or mucinous category. (hindawi.com)
  • Malignant transformation of cystic adenomas of the pancreas was first described in 1989 wherein the tumor showed invasion into surrounding structures and into the liver [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • only 3-5% are small cell carcinomas. (medscape.com)
  • Approximately eighty percent of endometrial carcinomas are endometrioid adenocarcinomas. (medscape.com)
  • Following effective priming in lymph nodes, T cells traffic to tumors and other peripheral tissues. (frontiersin.org)
  • from there, tumors can spread to nearby lymph nodes and to other areas of the body (liver, peritoneal cavity, intestine, or lungs). (medscape.com)
  • Melanomas are aggressive tumors that form in the sinus lining. (healthline.com)
  • Patients with EC6 tumors had more aggressive disease and significantly shorter survival compared to those with EC3 tumors. (news-medical.net)
  • Microcystic adenoma of the pancreas is a rare tumor that presents indolently with features of slow growth and abdominal pain secondary to mass effect. (hindawi.com)
  • The ghrelin peptide and ghrelin mRNA have been detected in several regions of hypothalamus, in normal pituitary, as well as in various types of pituitary adenoma, with different levels of expression in different tumour types. (nel.edu)
  • Pseudomyxoma Peritonei ( PMP ) is a more common name given to the "jelly belly" syndrome caused by mucinous adenoma and mucinous adenocarcinoma. (cancerindex.org)
  • A pancreatic tumor that causes blood sugar levels to rise. (uclahealth.org)
  • They are a type of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumor (NET). (mskcc.org)
  • Relationship between hematogenous tumor cell dissemination and cellular immunity in DCIS patients. (nature.com)
  • Depending on the location of the gland, they can present with nerve compression symptoms when patients are seen later in the course with larger tumors. (medscape.com)
  • We found that DKK3 expression levels were low in GBC patients and cell lines. (amrita.edu)
  • There are unmet needs for patients with gastric adenocarcinoma every step of the way in their clinical journey,' Ajani said. (news-medical.net)
  • We investigated the expression of immune checkpoints (ICs) on lymphoid populations within the CRC TME and compared with cells from normal colon tissues using samples from 50 patients with varying disease stages. (mdpi.com)
  • Thus, the goal of this study was to determine if K17 expression is a negative prognostic biomarker associated with decreased survival of patients with endocervical adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • Characterized by cell-surface molecules including CD103, CD69, and CD49a, T RM -like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be found in a wide range of human cancers, where they portend improved prognosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Thus, increasing numbers of macrophages within the tumour islets conferred a marked survival advantage, while increased numbers of macrophages in the tumour stroma were associated with worse prognosis. (ersjournals.com)
  • The expression of CSF-1R, a receptor important for myeloid cell migration, differentiation and survival, and the effect of its therapeutic blockade in the context of GVAX in PDAC has not been investigated. (bmj.com)
  • Classical definitions of memory T cells derive from the belief that T cells localize and recirculate predominantly throughout the blood and secondary lymphoid organs ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • whereas T EM cells were shown to recirculate predominantly through blood, and peripheral tissues ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Because tumour dormancy provides a unique therapeutic window to prevent metastatic disease, we discuss on-going clinical trials and weigh the potential for immunotherapy to eradicate dormant disease. (nature.com)
  • Second-line and subsequent therapy may involve single agents (eg, taxanes) or molecular therapy, such as ramucirumab to target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor or trastuzumab for metastatic adenocarcinoma that overexpresses HER2. (medscape.com)
  • Herein, we developed an insilico computational method incorporating bulk and single-cell transcriptome profiling to characterize macrophage heterogeneity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Over the following week, the team observed the animals' tumor growth slowing down-a process that later results revealed was dependent on the presence of killer T cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • But to the researchers' surprise, they witnessed the same slowdown of tumor growth when they instead injected necroptotic cells from a healthy fibroblast cell line into the tumors. (the-scientist.com)
  • For instance, when the researchers treated the necroptotic cells to curtail the production of those cytokines, and then injected them into tumors, they didn't see the slowdown in growth they had observed in earlier experiments. (the-scientist.com)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key component in the process of angiogenesis, is known to be produced by tumour-associated macrophages 17 , 18 , which have been traditionally reported as M2 macrophages. (ersjournals.com)
  • This study provides the first definitive proof of the impact of within-tumour fungal infections in promoting tumour growth. (who.int)
  • Remarkably, tumor cells from solid LUADs upregulate energy and substance metabolic activities, particularly the folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism and the key gene MTHFD2, which could serve as a potential therapeutic target. (nih.gov)
  • Goss, P. E. & Chambers, A. F. Does tumour dormancy offer a therapeutic target? (nature.com)
  • Folkman, J. Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications. (nature.com)
  • Duodenal adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy , and there are insufficient data to determine a standard therapeutic approach. (bvsalud.org)
  • These data demonstrate the therapeutic potential of Gal-9 and provide molecular mechanistic insights into its antitumor effect in HuTu-80 cells . (bvsalud.org)
  • There is a pressing need to identify the molecular mechanism underlying tumor-macrophage interactions and thus design novel therapeutic strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Resistance to GVAX was associated with an immune-suppressive myeloid cell infiltration, which may limit further therapeutic gains of GVAX/αPD-1 therapy. (bmj.com)
  • Flow cytometry analysis of tumor infiltrating T-cells in a murine model of PDAC was performed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of anti-CSF-1R/anti-PD-1/GVAX combination immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
  • The diagnosis of squamous cell dysplasia is concordant with previously cited rates. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lymphomas and mesenchymal tumors may also develop in the stomach. (wikipedia.org)
  • About two thirds of appendix tumours are carcinoid tumours which develop in hormone-producing cells that are present in many parts of the body, including the appendix. (cancerindex.org)
  • Additionally, M2 macrophages have been traditionally thought of as being the predominant macrophage phenotype in solid tumours (tumour-associated macrophages). (ersjournals.com)
  • Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein expression and cyclin DI cell cyase protein expression in malignant and normal oesophageal tissues to see whether any variation in their expression in these tissues could be of diagnostic or prognostic value. (bvsalud.org)
  • All seeding densities should be based on cell counts gained by established methods. (abcam.com)
  • C1QBP knockdown and overexpression cells were established via lentiviral infection and subjected to apoptosis and ROS assay in vitro . (medsci.org)
  • Together, our work deciphered a comprehensive single-cell atlas of the macrophage compartment of PDAC and provided novel macrophage-tumor interaction features with potential value in developing targeted immunotherapies and molecular diagnostics for predicting patient outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By profiling molecular spectrums of intracellular tumor-macrophage communication, we are able to design targeted molecular therapies to tackle PDAC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In adenocarcinomas, K17 staining was detected in a mean of 33.9% of malignant cells. (medscape.com)
  • and regulation of stem cell differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Coexisting foamy and nonfoamy adenocarcinoma with glandular differentiation devoid of basal cell lining is helpful in clarifying their malignant nature. (medscape.com)
  • Clear-cell myomelanocytic tumors (CCMT) of the perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) family have been recently reported. (nih.gov)