Cells to solid tumors. Medical search. Frequent questions

One of the reasons that cancer is so difficult to prevent is the complex interaction between individual cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Challenges include finding the right target to direct the T cells, the ability to expand in an often-immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, yielding an effective antitumor response, and avoiding adverse side effects. (aacr.org)
The immune composition of the tumor microenvironment regulates processes including angiogenesis, metastasis, and the response to drugs or immunotherapy. (nih.gov)
Insights into the oncological characteristics and tumor microenvironment (TME) of different histologic subtypes of LUAD at the single-cell level can help identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities and combinational approaches to improve the survival of LUAD patients. (nih.gov)
Researchers have long thought that solid tumors' resistance to treatment is due to the tumor microenvironment-the cells and matrix that surround solid tumors-but the exact mechanisms behind this blockade were unclear, until now. (medicalxpress.com)
In a new study , University of Pennsylvania researchers reveal how the tumor microenvironment prevents T cells from attacking tumors. (medicalxpress.com)
Using mouse models, they showed that cancer-associated fibroblasts along with extracellular matrix within the tumor microenvironment create a physical barrier to T cell entry, and these cells also actively suppress T cell function. (medicalxpress.com)
Molecules discovered using this technology were tested in several preclinical tumor models, and showed that targeting CCR8, depleted Tregs specifically in the tumor microenvironment and resulted in strong anti-tumor responses in monotherapy as well as in combination with anti-PD1. (pharmiweb.com)
CAT-179 was resistant to TGFβ-mediated immunosuppression in vitro , indicating that the cells will be protected from TGFβ-mediated immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. (pipelinereview.com)
In cancer research, advancing a comprehensive understanding of the unique characteristics of individual tumor types and their microenvironment is of considerable importance for clinical translation. (nature.com)
Here we describe a multimodule integrated pipeline for the processing of freshly resected human brain tumor tissue and matched blood that enables analysis of the tumor microenvironment, with a particular focus on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). (nature.com)
This protocol will enable researchers to use this pipeline to address further research questions regarding the tumor microenvironment. (nature.com)
In this landscape, most studies have primarily focused on improving CAR-T cells and overcoming the unfavorable effects of tumor microenvironment on solid tumors. (ijbs.com)
However, due to intricacies of solid tumors and their locations in the human body, treatment of solid tumors with CAR-T cells is facing multiple obstacles, such as the hostile tumor microenvironment, on-tumor/off-tumor toxicities, and undesired antigen specificity [ 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
Background The effectiveness of natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy against solid tumors is limited by the lack of specific antigens and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). (bmj.com)
Incorporation of the cytokine IL-15 within the engager supports the maturation, persistence, and expansion of NK cells in vivo while favoring their proliferation and survival in the tumor microenvironment. (bmj.com)
Incorporation of a CXCL10-producing function into our engager supports intratumoral NK cell trafficking by promoting, through their synthetic production, increased levels of CXCL10 locally in the tumor microenvironment. (bmj.com)
Finally, some are engineering chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell systems that attack solid tumors and overcome the harsh barriers of the tumor microenvironment (TME). (genengnews.com)
A typical Indukine consists of a wild-type cytokine, an inactivation domain to block activity in the periphery, a tumor-protease-sensitive linker that activates in the tumor microenvironment, and a half-life extension domain. (genengnews.com)
The resistance is mainly induced by hypoxia in the tumour microenvironment (TME). (bvsalud.org)

In a phase I clinical trial , a team of researchers from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center tested whether mesothelin-directed CAR T cells that they developed would be safe and effective in patients with malignant pleural disease from mesothelioma and lung and breast cancer. (aacr.org)
Using an interventional radiology procedure, the investigators injected IcasM28z CAR T cells directly into the pleural cavity in 21 patients with malignant pleural disease (19 with malignant pleural mesothelioma, one with metastatic lung cancer, and one with metastatic breast cancer). (aacr.org)
Levels of ether lipids - a class of lipids that are harder to break down - are particularly elevated in highly malignant tumors, although the nature of that correlation has been unclear for decades. (scitechdaily.com)
Normally, potentially malignant cells are continuously eliminated by the immune system, but cancer cells can accumulate certain mutations, which allow them to escape these mechanisms [ 2 ]. (nature.com)
CAR-modified immune cells are expanded until sufficient cell numbers are attained and are adoptively transferred into the patient to fight malignant cells. (nature.com)
The sebaceous adenocarcinomas are malignant and are red, ulcerated and solid. (vetinfo.com)
Mast cell tumors are malignant growths that are the most frequently met tumors in canines. (vetinfo.com)
The test will establish the type of cells that make up the tumor and whether the tumor is benign or malignant. (vetinfo.com)
When your vet tests the cells within the lump or lesion, she'll be able to tell you whether an MCT is benign or malignant. (dogsnaturallymagazine.com)
A solid pseudopapillary tumour is a low-grade malignant neoplasm of the pancreas of papillary architecture that typically afflicts young women. (wikipedia.org)
Some studies have found that size and histology were the major factors determining prognosis for patients with malignant mixed germ cell tumors of the ovary. (kaiserpermanente.org)
Gershenson DM: Update on malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. (kaiserpermanente.org)
Kurman RJ, Norris HJ: Malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary. (kaiserpermanente.org)
Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors: identification of novel prognostic markers and long-term outcome after multimodality treatment. (kaiserpermanente.org)
ATLANTA - A chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy that targets the protein mesothelin showed no evidence of major toxicity and had antitumor activity in patients with malignant pleural disease from mesothelioma, according to results from a phase I clinical trial presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2019, March 29-April 3. (healthmedicinet.com)
Here we review the functions of HIFs in the progression and treatment of malignant solid tumors. (lu.se)
Solid epithelial ovarian tumors are almost invariably malignant. (medscape.com)
Associations between tumor hypoxia and aggressively malignant phenotypes are observed across a range of cancers. (lu.se)

The researchers said they found that T cells that are subjected to the environment of solid cancers undergo a stress response that limits their abilities, hindering their capability to eliminate the tumors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved two CAR T-cell therapies for blood cancers so far: tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) for treating certain patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta) for treating certain adults with NHL. (aacr.org)
Given the success of CAR T-cell therapies for blood cancers, the most anticipated next step in the field is the development of this type of immunotherapy for solid tumors. (aacr.org)
She thinks one reason is the stress response experienced by T cells once they infiltrate solid cancers. (unclineberger.org)
Thaxton's group found that T cells exposed to the environment of solid cancers undergo a natural response to stress that shuts off their function, limiting T cell ability to kill tumors. (unclineberger.org)
This work is part of our quest to dissect the PERK axis to understand the role that this stress sensor plays in orchestrating T cell function in cancers. (unclineberger.org)
CAR T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of blood cancers, but until now, it has not been effective in treating solid tumors, such as breast or lung cancer. (scienceboard.net)
The main outcomes of the preliminary data demonstrated that both therapies effectively shrunk targeted tumors in six of 14 evaluable patients by 39% to 49%, specifically showing responses in patients with testicular and ovarian cancers. (scienceboard.net)
While immunotherapies have shown great promise in treating blood cancers, most clinical trials aimed at treating solid tumors such as pancreatic or lung cancer have failed. (medicalxpress.com)
Exclusion of T cells is an immunosuppressive mechanism commonly used by cancers to evade the immune system and as such is an attractive target for new therapeutic modalities. (pharmiweb.com)
Marked upregulation of the metastasis suppressor N-myc downstream regulated gene-1 (NDRG1), which is known to be activated and upregulated by thiosemicarbazones in adult cancers, was also detected in thiosemicarbazone-treated neuroblastoma cells. (muni.cz)
CAMBRIDGE, MA, USA I November 10, 2022 I Catamaran Bio , Inc., a biotechnology company developing off-the-shelf NK cell therapies to treat cancer, today announced new data demonstrating preclinical efficacy of two CAR-NK cell therapies in solid and hematological cancers. (pipelinereview.com)
Catamaran Bio is developing novel, off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cell therapies designed to treat a broad range of cancers, including solid tumors. (pipelinereview.com)
Are there CAR T-cell clinical trials for other childhood cancers? (seattlechildrens.org)
CAR T-cell therapy has been successful in treating blood cancers, but it hasn't worked well for solid tumors. (platohealth.ai)
For each cancer discussed in the first part of our overview, as well as in Part II, which will deal with more common cancers, we briefly cover the tumor biology, how targeting was achieved, the introduction of immune modulation or immune-conjugates, and the impact these therapies are having in the disease. (cancernetwork.com)
The situation with solid tumors is considerably more complex, and the evolution of targeted therapies for these cancers is still in its infancy. (cancernetwork.com)
The evidence Prlic, Mair, and Erickson uncovered might help explain why cutting-edge immunotherapies that work against blood cancers are less effective against solid tumors (such as breast, prostate, kidney and colorectal cancers), which are responsible for most cancer deaths. (healthinfive.com)
Patients with advanced-stage solid tumors, such as mesothelioma, and lung and breast cancers, that are metastatic to the chest cavity have poor outcomes despite treatment," said Prasad S. Adusumilli, MD, deputy chief of thoracic surgery at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). (healthmedicinet.com)
Combining rationally developed strategies-such as interventional radiology, T-cell genetic engineering, and newer immunotherapy agents-has produced encouraging results and provides rationale to further investigate this approach in aggressive, therapy-resistant cancers such as mesothelioma, for which the currently available treatment options are not optimal," Adusumilli noted. (healthmedicinet.com)
The resulting aneuploidy is an early event in the progression of many cancers, suggesting that it may play a role in both tumorigenesis and tumor progression. (cdc.gov)
We also have many clinical trials going on to target other cancers and solid tumors. (medlineplus.gov)

A pair of studies presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2019 demonstrated encouraging clinical outcomes with two different chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies for patients with advanced solid tumors. (aacr.org)
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy has emerged as one of the major breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy in the last decade. (scienceboard.net)
Researchers optimized the activity of a CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) constructed that targets GD2, an antigen on the surface of neuroblastoma to modify T cells for use in a future clinical trial. (solvingkidscancer.org)
Seattle Children's doctors and researchers are leaders in developing investigational chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapies for children, teenagers and young adults with central nervous system (CNS) tumors , including DIPG. (seattlechildrens.org)
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies are on the verge of becoming powerful immunotherapeutic tools for combating hematological diseases confronted with pressing medical needs. (nature.com)
Cancer immunotherapy by chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cells has shown exhilarative clinical efficacy for hematological malignancies. (ijbs.com)
At a recent conference held by the American Association for Cancer Research on the potential for immune-oncology therapies to treat solid tumors, the startup Pact Pharma announced that, in collaboration with researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), it has developed a new strategy to achieve that goal for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies. (pharmasalmanac.com)

However, blood cells do not reflect the differentiation or activation state of similar cells within tissues, including tumors, and consequently markers derived from blood cells do not necessarily transfer well to tissues. (nih.gov)
Micropipette aspiration rheology of cell clusters and freshly isolated mouse tumors revealed viscoelasticity and cell cohesion in both tissues. (aiche.org)
Fig. 4: Examples of IF staining across different brain (tumor) tissues. (nature.com)
Fig. 5: Immune cell yield and activation in brain (tumor) tissues differs across tissue dissociation methods. (nature.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
We have spent considerable time and effort designing substrates that can be efficiently cleaved by tumor proteases yet remain stable in normal tissues and plasma," said Cynthia Seidel-Dugan, PhD, chief scientific officer, Werewolf Therapeutics. (genengnews.com)
The cells release those granules into the tissues to destroy the "invader. (dogsnaturallymagazine.com)
Scientists have identified a subset of T cells that show up in great numbers in head and neck tumors, but not in similar tissues of the mouth inflamed by common ailments such as gum disease. (healthinfive.com)
The discovery came after the Hutch team developed new methods to analyze cells in inflamed tissues and applied complex computer analyses to their studies. (healthinfive.com)
As they suspected, the immune cells responding to the tumor were very similar to those in the inflamed gum tissues - until they took a closer look at their data and uncovered a surprising difference in one type of T cell drawn to the cancer samples. (healthinfive.com)
However, scientists who study individual cancer cells have found that the cells are soft-softness that is required for tumors to metastasize by squeezing through surrounding tissues and vessels en route to colonizing new locations. (the-scientist.com)
This special arrangement makes cancerous growths tough enough to push against the surrounding tissues as the tumor grows but soft enough to allow metastasis. (the-scientist.com)
The majority of these tissues come from patients who have received prior treatment, many from metastatic tumors. (bionity.com)
Important insights into NK cell function in cancer eradication originated from the knowledge gained from mismatched NK cells in allo-SCT setting, where these innate immune effectors mediate a remarkable graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect towards tumor cells of recipient without attacking their normal tissues, thus limiting the onset of GVHD. (biomedcentral.com)
E-cadherin helps neighboring cells stick to one another (cell adhesion) to form organized tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
A lack of E-cadherin also impairs cell adhesion, increasing the likelihood that cancer cells will not come together to form a tumor but will invade the stomach wall and metastasize as small clusters of cancer cells into nearby tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
Solid tumors are consistently less oxygenated than the normal tissues from which they arose. (lu.se)

Understanding the stroma's role in blocking anti-tumor immune function is an essential step towards to overcoming this hurdle. (medicalxpress.com)
Anti-tumor IgG administered intravenously to mice eliminated a fraction of CD47 knockout tumors in vivo but had no effect on wild-type tumors. (aiche.org)
Next to the anti-CCR8 program, Oncurious is focusing on 2 other programs aimed at boosting anti-tumor T cell influx and activity in immune excluded tumors. (pharmiweb.com)
CAT-179 showed potent anti-tumor activity in vivo against a xenografted HER2+ N87 gastric cancer cell line and led to a significant survival benefit in tumor-bearing mice. (pipelinereview.com)
Among the different approaches of anti-tumor adoptive cell transfer, allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) represents the first and most consolidated form of immunotherapy on the basis of its graft versus tumor (GvT) effect. (biomedcentral.com)

Simultaneous administration of the drugs consistently resulted in synergistic and/or additive activities against the cell lines derived from the most frequent types of pediatric solid tumors. (muni.cz)
Can T-Cells Be Engineered to Attack More Types of Pediatric Solid Tumors? (solvingkidscancer.org)

The results of a detailed analysis of cell signaling in the neuroblastoma cell lines revealed that TKIs inhibited the phosphorylation of the corresponding receptor tyrosine kinases, and thiosemicarbazones downregulated the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, leading to a strong induction of apoptosis. (muni.cz)
Data from a second CAR-NK cell therapy construct engineered using the TAILWIND™ platform are presented in a poster titled "Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells Engineered to Express HER2-directed CAR, Interleukin-15 and TGFβ Dominant Negative Receptor Effectively Control HER2+ Tumors. (pipelinereview.com)
To address this deficit, researchers in this study are incorporating an activated membrane protein, the chemokine receptor CXCR2, into the CAR‐expressing T-cells. (solvingkidscancer.org)
Classical " CARs consist of an extracellular binding domain mostly derived from a monoclonal antibody fragment (single-chain variable fragment-scFv), which is linked to intracellular binding domains of the T-cell receptor complex. (nature.com)
On the NK cell side, the engager is designed to target the activating receptor NKp46. (bmj.com)
There are also combination therapies that affect multiple receptors such as lapatinib (approved for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive [HER2+] breast cancer) and afatinib (approved for non-small cell lung cancer), which inhibit both the EGFR and HER2 receptors, and vandetanib (approved for advanced medullary thyroid cancer), which inhibits EGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), and rearranged during transfection (RET) activities. (medscape.com)

Researchers say T cells used in immunotherapy may be hindered by stress responses induced when encountering solid tumors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In new research published in the journal Cancer Research , researchers explain how the stress response experienced by T cells can reduce their effectiveness at restricting tumor growth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
However, the researchers in the current study said that this natural T cell response to stress would actually harm the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy when it comes to stopping tumors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The researchers proposed that the PERK response may inhibit protein secretion by T cells, making them less effective in fighting tumors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Developing CAR T-cell therapies for solid tumors, however, has been challenging, and researchers in the field have had several failed attempts. (aacr.org)
The researchers, including the study's senior author Michel Sadelain, MD, PhD , therefore incorporated an Icaspase-9 (inducible caspase-9) safety "suicide" switch that can be activated in a patient's body in case of an unexpected toxicity, to eliminate all CAR T cells. (aacr.org)
Led by Jessica Thaxton, PhD, MsCR, UNC School of Medicine scientists and colleagues found that targeting key proteins that control the T cell response to stress could help researchers develop more potent cancer immunotherapies. (unclineberger.org)
Researchers presented phase I/II preliminary clinical trial data demonstrating the safety and efficacy of a new CAR T-cell therapy that can be used as either a monotherapy or a combination therapy to treat Claudin 6 (CLDN6)-positive solid tumors. (scienceboard.net)
The BNT211 therapy showed successful expansion of CLDN6-specific CAR T cells and higher persistence of these CAR T cells in the blood, resulting in improved destruction of tumor cells, the researchers reported. (scienceboard.net)
When the researchers used CAR T cells to target and remove these fibroblasts, rather than targeting the tumor cells themselves, T cells were able to infiltrate and attack the tumor. (medicalxpress.com)
The researchers say that using a dual approach-by first targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts and then sending in tumor-targeting CAR T cells-could be a therapeutic breakthrough for treatment-resistant solid tumors. (medicalxpress.com)
In some experiments, after treating the solid tumors in the mice with fibroblast -targeting CAR T cells, the researchers followed-up by treating the tumors with another set of CAR T cells that had been engineered to target a tumor antigen called mesothelin. (medicalxpress.com)
The researchers wanted to see whether removing the stroma would allow these T cells to perform, and they showed that, indeed, it did. (medicalxpress.com)
Based on this preliminary data, the researchers expect that these modified T-cells would travel to the tumor site more efficiently. (solvingkidscancer.org)
In a newly published study, researchers tested the effects of reducing ether lipids on human skin cancer cells and primary breast tumors, finding that inactivating an enzyme critical to the formation of ether lipids substantially reduced the aggressiveness of the cancer cells. (scitechdaily.com)
Researchers have long known that cancer cells metabolize lipids differently than normal cells. (scitechdaily.com)
The researchers first confirmed that AGPS expression increased when normal cells turned cancerous. (scitechdaily.com)
The researchers also compared the impact of disabling the AGPS enzyme in mice that had been injected with cancer cells. (scitechdaily.com)
The researchers determined that inhibiting AGPS expression depleted the cancer cells of ether lipids. (scitechdaily.com)
Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), parf of the National Institutes of Health, have developed a way to potentially increase the effectiveness of T cell-based immunotherapy treatments, such as CAR T-cell therapy, against solid tumors. (platohealth.ai)
To improve the effectiveness of T-cell therapy against solid tumors, researchers at NCI's Center for Cancer Research engineered T cells (CAR T cells and another form of cellular immunotherapy called TCR T cells) to carry cytokines, which are proteins that can boost T-cell function. (platohealth.ai)
The researchers are continuing to test the IL-15- and IL-21-expressing T-cell therapies in lab and animal model studies of other solid tumors, with the goal of translating the approach into human clinical trials in the next few years. (platohealth.ai)
Pact Pharma, which was co-founded in 2017 by several UCLA researchers, has already raised $126 million in two funding rounds and launched a phase 1 study in patients with solid tumors. (pharmasalmanac.com)
J. Randolph Hecht, MD, discusses the challenges researchers have faced in the development of cellular therapy for patients with solid tumors, and details how A2B530 could potentially overcome some of these obstacles. (cgtlive.com)
But now, after more than six years of back and forth with peer reviewers and journals, an international team of researchers across multiple scientific and medical fields says they've solved the enigma: Tumors are both hard and soft. (the-scientist.com)
At the cell cluster level, the researchers used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to perform cell indentation on the same mammary and cervical tumors, prodding individual cell clusters and observing their elasticity. (the-scientist.com)
In preclinical studies, the researchers found that in large tumors, the CAR T cells became functionally exhausted even while residing in the tumor. (healthmedicinet.com)
Researchers conducted a single-arm, nonrandomized phase 2 trial, involving 217 unique patients with 285 lung tumors, at an academic center in the United States and one in Japan, to assess whether individualizing lung SABR dose provides good local control and fewer toxicities. (medscape.com)

These results demonstrate that NK cells engineered via the TAILWIND™ platform have a favorable pharmacologic profile and the potential for treatment of solid tumors. (pipelinereview.com)
To further understand the current status and trend for developing CAR-T cell based therapies for various solid tumors, this review emphasizes on CAR-T techniques, current obstacles, and strategies for application, as well as necessary companion diagnostics for treatment of solid tumors with CAR-T cells. (ijbs.com)
Encouragingly and optimistically, in this landscape, more than forty clinical trials in treatment of solid tumors by CAR-T cells have been registered in China alone (Table 1 ) [ 6 ]. (ijbs.com)
Therefore, in this review, we focus on current CAR-T techniques , obstacles, strategies for overcoming these obstacles, as well as necessary companion diagnostics in treatment of solid tumors with CAR-T cells. (ijbs.com)

This is an article of high relevance for T cell biology and T cell therapy in general," she said. (medicalnewstoday.com)
T cell metabolism has already been shown to influence T cell therapy efficacy in the clinical setting. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Different states of T cell metabolism are correlating with responders versus nonresponders post T cell therapy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
CAR T-cell therapy is a type of immunotherapy in which T cells are removed from a patient's body and genetically modified so that they can recognize the patient's cancer cells. (aacr.org)
This recent review article summarizes the challenges with developing CAR T-cell therapy for solid tumors and strategies to overcome the hurdles, and lists some of the ongoing clinical trials in which CAR T cells that target tumor antigens, including GD2, CEA, and EGFR, are being currently tested against a variety of solid tumors. (aacr.org)
This article in Cancer Discovery reviews the types of solid tumors that express mesothelin, and the potential of mesothelin-directed CAR T-cell therapy to treat such malignancies. (aacr.org)
Founded earlier this year, Apeiron Biologics' spinout invIOs has a proprietary cell therapy platform for the modulation of intracellular immuno-oncology targets that enables rapid treatment of cancer patients using their own immune cells with short out-of-body time in out-patient settings. (scienceboard.net)
The invIOs EPiC cell therapy platform, which is designed to inhibit the immune checkpoint Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene b (Cbl-b), is currently being used for the company's lead cell therapy in a multicenter phase I clinical trial, while other candidates are in pre-clinical development. (scienceboard.net)
The CAR T-cell therapy is designed to exploit this difference between cancerous and noncancerous cells to create a targeted cancer monotherapy. (scienceboard.net)
The CAR T-cell can also function as a combination therapy when paired with CARVac, a CLDN6-encoding mRNA vaccine. (scienceboard.net)
Over the course of this first-in-human, open-label, multicenter trial, 16 patients were treated with increasing doses of CLDN6 CAR T-cells as a monotherapy or CAR T-cell therapy followed by BNT211 combination treatment. (scienceboard.net)
Of the patients that showed this partial response, four were treated with the CAR T-cell monotherapy, while two received the BNT211 combination therapy. (scienceboard.net)
While the data for this trial is preliminary, the results demonstrate a novel target and effective therapy for solid tumors, which are notoriously difficult to penetrate. (scienceboard.net)
CLDN6 was never targeted before with cellular therapy, but in our study, this approach is already showing efficacy that may be better than the data from other CAR T trials in solid tumors. (scienceboard.net)
BioNTech plans to highlight new clinical data from a phase I/II trial of its BNT211 CAR T-cell therapy candidate at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer. (scienceboard.net)
Thus, our in vitro and in vivo models utilizing gene-edited cells, monoclonal antibodies for opsonization and checkpoint blockade, and cell therapy begin to define the parameters required for successful immunotherapy of solid tumors including (i) macrophage density, (ii) inhibitory checkpoint disruption, and (iii) IgG-opsonization. (aiche.org)
The company's approach is to generate novel drug candidates to treat immune excluded solid tumors that are not adequately addressed by immune checkpoint inhibitors, which are rapidly becoming the mainstay of cancer therapy. (pharmiweb.com)
Therefore, these results provide a rationale for novel strategies combining iron-chelating agents with TKIs in therapy of pediatric solid tumors. (muni.cz)
These results demonstrate the potential for targeting CD70 with CAR-NK cell therapy for the treatment of AML, RCC, and other CD70-positive malignancies while overcoming fratricide issues by engineering with a non-viral transposon delivery system in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 editing. (pipelinereview.com)
We are using our TAILWIND™ platform , an integrated suite of technologies, to specifically address the end-to-end methods of engineering, processing and manufacturing NK cells and rapidly advance our pipeline of CAR-NK cell therapy programs. (pipelinereview.com)
Is CAR T-cell therapy safe to give to children and young adults with relapsed or refractory CNS tumors (tumors of the brain or spinal cord)? (seattlechildrens.org)
Does CAR T-cell therapy work against CNS tumors? (seattlechildrens.org)
The PLAT trials are phase 1 and 2 clinical trials testing CAR T-cell therapy in children, teens and young adults with relapsed or refractory acute leukemia or lymphoma. (seattlechildrens.org)
STRIvE-01 is a phase 1 trial testing CAR T-cell therapy in children, teens and young adults with relapsed or refractory solid tumors that express the protein EGFR or B7H3. (seattlechildrens.org)
Lately, CAR-NK cell therapies have also come into focus as novel therapeutic options to address hurdles related to CAR-T cell therapies, such as therapy-induced side effects. (nature.com)
Most CAR-T cell-based gene therapy products that are under clinical evaluation consist of autologous enriched T cells, whereas CAR-NK cell-based approaches can be generated from allogeneic donors. (nature.com)
Besides modification based on a second-generation CAR, more advanced CAR-immune cell therapeutics are being tested, which utilize precise insertion of genes to circumvent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) or employ a dual targeting approach and adapter CARs in order to avoid therapy resistance caused by antigen loss. (nature.com)
The addition of separate adapter molecules (AMs) specific for tumor antigens and CAR-immune cells targeting these AMs allows a more precise and temporally limited therapy. (nature.com)
Thereby, several antigens can be targeted at once and the therapy can be adapted in case antigen-loss tumor variants appear. (nature.com)
An autologous CAR-T or NK cell therapy comprises several steps as shown in Fig. 1 . (nature.com)
Despite the progresses made in treating hematological malignancies, challenges still remain for use of CAR-T cell therapy to treat solid tumors. (ijbs.com)
CAR T-cell therapy is a form of cellular immunotherapy that involves engineering T cells in the laboratory so they can specifically target and kill tumors. (platohealth.ai)
NK cell engagers (NKCE) have been developed to enhance the efficacy of NK cell therapy. (bmj.com)
Methods To improve the clinical efficacy of NK cell therapy, we are developing a new generation of multi-specific killer engagers, which consists of a neoantigen-targeting moiety, together with cytokine and chemokine-producing domains. (bmj.com)
Next, gene editing is used to attach mutation-targeted T-cell receptors to the T-cells to generate what the company calls NeoTCR-P1, a personalized CAR T-cell therapy, that is then infused back into the patient. (pharmasalmanac.com)
The HER2-targeted T-cell antigen coupler (TAC) T-cell therapy TAC01-HER2 (Triumvira Immunologics) demonstrated early signs of clinical activity and a manageable safety profile, according to updated data from the phase 1/2 TACTIC-2 study (NCT04727151). (cgtlive.com)
The need for standardization and high manufacturing success rates are critical drivers of innovation in cell therapy. (azurewebsites.net)
Thermo Fisher Scientific has built a fit-for-purpose portfolio of modular instrumentation platforms designed to support closed, large-scale cell therapy manufacturing - enabling automation of the end-to-end manufacturing workflow. (azurewebsites.net)
Adjuvant therapy of ovarian germ cell tumors with cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin: a trial of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. (kaiserpermanente.org)
Therapy of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary. (kaiserpermanente.org)
Radiotherapy (RT) is a highly valuable method in cancer therapy , but its therapeutic efficacy is limited by its side effects and tumour radiation resistance. (bvsalud.org)
Thus, HBOC sensitization therapy is more suitable for large solid tumours. (bvsalud.org)
On the basis of these published observations, in some patients who received CAR T cells, we administered anti-PD-1 agents off-protocol as next line of therapy," Adusumilli said. (healthmedicinet.com)
in contrast, EGFR inhibitors (EGFRIs) target pathways more specific to survival of neoplastic cells, thus belonging to a new class of chemotherapeutic agents - so-called "targeted therapy. (medscape.com)
She helped develop the first medical therapy approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat tumors in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). (medlineplus.gov)

A suitable clinical-grade platform is required for detection of somatic mutations with high sensitivity in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of patients with solid tumors. (oncotarget.com)
We assessed plasma samples from 46 patients with various advanced metastatic solid tumors and known mutations by deep sequencing using an Ampliseq cancer hotspot panel V2 on Ion Proton. (oncotarget.com)
Neoantigens are new antigens formed specifically in tumor cells due to genome mutations, making them highly specific tools to target tumor cells. (bmj.com)
We describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in GIST and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)
Here, in Part I, we describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis (central to the biology of renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular cancer) and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)
They then produced T-cells specific to each patient's mutations and demonstrated that the cell therapies killed melanoma cells taken from the patients. (pharmasalmanac.com)
June 27, 2023 - The investigational drug vorasidenib substantially slowed the growth of tumors in people with low-grade gliomas that had mutations in the IDH1 or IDH2 genes. (nih.gov)
People with HDGC caused by CDH1 gene mutations are born with one mutated copy of the gene in each cell. (medlineplus.gov)
Upregulating mutations of EGFR have been found in many solid tumors. (medscape.com)

A robust metabolic function of T cells is found in patients with better clinical response. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Data presented here at the conference have demonstrated that it is possible to develop CAR T-cell therapies for solid tumors that are not only safe but also yield clinical benefit for patients. (aacr.org)
Apeiron, now invIOs, first showed in clinical studies that Cbl-b silencing could reactivate immune cells in patients with advanced tumors. (scienceboard.net)
Though mesothelin-targeting CAR T cells are effective at targeting cancer cells in vitro, previous clinical trials in humans have shown that they are ineffective at treating solid tumors in patients. (medicalxpress.com)
Our team combines experienced biopharmaceutical leadership with founding scientists who are pioneers in NK cell biology, engineering, manufacturing and clinical application. (pipelinereview.com)
Our phase 1 CAR T-cell clinical trials against CNS tumors are called BrainChild. (seattlechildrens.org)
This is the first CAR T-cell clinical trial using CAR T cells that target four tumor targets. (seattlechildrens.org)
What is the goal of the CAR T-cell CNS clinical trials? (seattlechildrens.org)
Who can join the CAR T-cell CNS clinical trials? (seattlechildrens.org)
ENLIGHTen-01 is a phase 1 clinical trial testing CAR T cells administered with UB-TT170, a small molecule fluorescein tag that targets folate receptors to mark tumors for clearance by CAR T cells, that is open to teens and young adults with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma. (seattlechildrens.org)
GTC will adapt and distribute New York-based C2i's tools, which uses AI-based pattern recognition of whole-genome sequencing of cell-free DNA, to its Co-op members after the partners complete technical and clinical validation. (genomeweb.com)
In this review, we are going to take a closer look at the commercial CAR-T cell therapies, as well as on CAR-T and CAR-NK cell products, which are currently under evaluation in clinical trials, that are being conducted in Germany. (nature.com)
Dr. Rosa Nguyen - the study's principal investigator and Lasker Clinical Research Scholar in the National Cancer Institute's Pediatric Oncology Branch talks about how she and her research team have developed a way to potentially increase the effectiveness of immunotherapies against solid cancer tumors while reducing the side effects of treatment. (platohealth.ai)
The investigators evaluated multiple clinical, radiological, and laboratory parameters in the patients who received the CAR T cells and found no evidence of toxicity at the doses tested. (healthmedicinet.com)
The major risk with these procedures is the development of GVHD and several precautions have been put in place to avoid this unfavorable clinical event, such as the infusion of CD3 depleted high pure NK cells or the selection of HLA matched donors [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Insufficient tissue oxygenation, or hypoxia, contributes to tumor aggressiveness and has a profound impact on clinical outcomes in cancer patients. (lu.se)
For example, a recent clinical trial had promising results using the tumor-inhibitor drug selumetinib instead of chemotherapy for children with a low-grade type of brain tumor called a glioma. (medlineplus.gov)

Recently two CAR-T cell based therapeutics, Kymriah (Tisagenlecleucel) and Yescarta (Axicabtagene ciloleucel) approved by US FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) are now used for treatment of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) respectively in the US. (ijbs.com)
Two CD19-targeting CAR-T cell products, Kymriah from the Novartis (East Hanover, NJ USA) and Yescarta from the Kite Pharma (Santa Monica, CA USA), have been approved by the US FDA for treating B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), respectively [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
Currently, refractory lymphoma or advanced solid tumors have an unfavorable prognosis as conventional therapies are often not curative while providing high levels of toxicity. (biomedcentral.com)
Indeed, adoptive cell transfer of allogeneic NK cells have been used for the treatment of leukemia, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, lymphoma and melanoma. (biomedcentral.com)
1/19 was a T-cell lymphoma. (lu.se)

One way to achieve this is to genetically modify immune cells, mainly T cells and recently also natural killer (NK) cells, to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). (nature.com)
Another company reported that it is testing a chimeric PD-1 antibody/IL-2 fusion protein that recruits killer immune cells. (genengnews.com)
Indeed, the use of check-point inhibitors, T cells with engineered chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and bi-specific T cell engagers (BiTE) showed impressive therapeutic potentials in the cure of advanced tumors and are currently being included in the in the armamentarium of clinicians [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

However, investigating human brain tumor tissue is challenging due to the often-limited availability of surgical specimens. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Variation in immune cell abundance and cell viability across different brain (tumor) tissue types. (nature.com)
Fig. 6: Cross-method validation of brain TIME and different isolation methods provide distinct advantages for the extraction of immune cells from brain tumor tissue. (nature.com)
Fig. 8: Representative data from human brain tumor tissue. (nature.com)

Among these, papillomas, sebaceous gland tumors, mast cell tumors and lipomas are the most frequent in dogs. (vetinfo.com)
Some dog breeds are more susceptible to developing these mast cell tumors. (vetinfo.com)
Unfortunately, the squished-nosed dogs of the world are not the only ones who get mast cell tumors. (dogsnaturallymagazine.com)
Mast cell tumors (MCTs) happen mostly on the skin but sometimes in the internal organs . (dogsnaturallymagazine.com)

A phase I/II trial investigating safety and efficacy of autologous TAC T-cells targeting HER2 in relapsed or refractory solid tumors. (cgtlive.com)

CLDN6 is an antigen expressed specifically in tumor cells that is not expressed in healthy adult tissue. (scienceboard.net)

RT @MetastasisRS *TOMORROW* Do not miss our next FREE ECLC-organized webinar by @JulianeScience from Medical University of Vienna on tumor heterogeneity and #metastasis ! (sunrise-network.fr)
The proliferation and metastasis of tumour tissue also decreased after HBOC application. (bvsalud.org)
HIFs exert differential effects on tumor growth and affect important cancer hallmarks including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, vascularization/angiogenesis, genetic instability, tumor metabolism, tumor immune responses, and invasion and metastasis. (lu.se)

6 , 8 ] Prognosis was poor for patients with large tumors when more than one-third of the tumor was composed of endodermal sinus elements, choriocarcinoma, or grade 3 immature teratoma. (kaiserpermanente.org)

Overall, our research proposes several potential entry points to improve the immunosuppressive TME of solid LUADs, thereby synergistically potentiating their immunotherapeutic efficacy, and may provide precise therapeutic strategies for LUAD patients of distinct histologic subtype constitution. (nih.gov)
We have now shown preclinical efficacy in multiple xenograft models with two differentiated CAR-NK cell therapies engineered with the functional attributes necessary for durable efficacy in solid tumors and manufactured using an efficient non-viral cell engineering system. (pipelinereview.com)
Radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors targeting a cell-surface protein, FZD10: therapeutic efficacy largely depends on radiosensitivity. (uchicago.edu)
Beside the focuses on the aspects of treatment, companion diagnostics are increasingly recognized as playing important roles in patient screening, treatment regimen, efficacy evaluation, and real-time monitoring of CAR-T cell therapies. (ijbs.com)
The development of novel approaches to enhance the efficacy of NK cells against GBM is urgently needed. (bmj.com)

This is unheard of because we have a turnaround needle-to-needle time of less than 24 hours" for the reinfusion of a patient's own cells, invIOs' CEO Peter Llewellyn-Davies told ScienceBoard.net at the 2022 Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) International Convention in San Diego. (scienceboard.net)

One third of all ovarian tumors are serous, and two thirds of these serous tumors are benign. (medscape.com)

The specificity of these therapies helps isolate cancerous cells, minimizing negative effects on healthy human cells. (scienceboard.net)
In rare cases, the papillomas may turn into cancerous tumors or squamous cell carcinomas . (vetinfo.com)
It tells you whether all abnormal cells were removed, and whether - or how fast - the cancerous mast cells may spread in the body. (dogsnaturallymagazine.com)

Remarkably, tumor cells from solid LUADs upregulate energy and substance metabolic activities, particularly the folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism and the key gene MTHFD2, which could serve as a potential therapeutic target. (nih.gov)
CCR8 has been validated to be a tumor-infiltrating Treg-specific marker in solid tumors in both patients and animal models, making it the preferred target for therapeutic depletion of Tregs in cancer. (pharmiweb.com)
Prior to infusion of the CAR-modified immune cells, lymphodepletion is performed in most therapeutic settings to allow efficient cell engraftment [ 10 ]. (nature.com)
It exhibits potent antitumor activity by activating tumor-infiltrating CD8 + and CD4 + T cells and has a better therapeutic window relative to recombinant human IL-2. (genengnews.com)

Macrophages and giant cells composed of macrophages are abundant in many neoplasms, but it is unknown whether they can phagocytose target cancer cells that adhere to one another or whether phagocytosis can outcompete proliferation. (aiche.org)
By definition, serous tumors are characterized by a proliferation of epithelium resembling that lining the fallopian tubes. (medscape.com)
The increased proliferation that was observed in carbon nanotube -exposed cells indicates a greater potential to pass the genetic damage to daughter cells. (cdc.gov)

If this approach is successful, 2 million patients with mesothelin-expressing solid tumors per year in the United States will be eligible for this treatment," said Prasad S. Adusumilli, MD , who presented the study. (aacr.org)
The utility of ImSig is demonstrated through the stratification of melanoma patients into subgroups of prognostic significance and the identification of immune cells with the use of single-cell RNA-sequencing data derived from tumors. (nih.gov)
The study objectives are to assess the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics (PK) of CYT-0851 in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies and advanced solid tumors and to identify a recommended Phase 2 dose as a monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy for evaluation in these patients. (ucsf.edu)
Cells from patients with ALL treated in the CARPALL study were analyzed and sequenced. (cgtlive.com)
They compared the kinds of immune cells found in and around patients' head and neck tumors with those that appeared in tissue samples from patients treated for gum diseases. (healthinfive.com)
If complete resection of tumor and lymph nodes is possible, such patients may benefit from surgery followed by postoperative chemotherapy. (solarproguide.com)
Although at least 15 patients were to be enrolled in each of the tumor-specific expansions, up to 45 to 60 patients could be enrolled in each tumor-specific expansion. (solarproguide.com)
Assuming an equal number of patients having tumors with and without the biomarker, 45 or 60 patients provided approximately 85% power to differentiate 40% or 34.5% from 5% ORR, respectively. (solarproguide.com)
To maximize the power to detect the ORR difference between the biomarker groups, enrollment to a tumor-specific expansion could be adjusted to achieve approximately an equal number of patients having tumors with and without the biomarker. (solarproguide.com)
1 ] Two Gynecologic Oncology Group trials reported that 89 of 93 patients with stage I, II, or III disease who had completely resected tumors were disease free after three cycles of BEP. (kaiserpermanente.org)
A review of the literature in 1979 prior to the widespread use of combination chemotherapy found only 27% of 96 patients with stage I endodermal sinus tumor alive at 2 years after diagnosis. (kaiserpermanente.org)
Patients with mature teratomas usually experience long-term survival, but survival for patients with immature teratomas after surgery only is related to the grade of the tumor, especially its neural elements. (kaiserpermanente.org)
CAR T cells were found to be persistent in the peripheral blood of 13 patients during the 38-week evaluation, and their presence was associated with more than 50 percent decrease in the levels of a mesothelin-related peptide in the blood and evidence of tumor regression on imaging studies. (healthmedicinet.com)
In the early 80s' donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) with allo-activated haplo-identical cells from family members were infused in patients affected by hematological diseases or solid tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, it has been demonstrated HLA-mismatched NK cells in haploidentical allo-SCT improve the overall survival of patients affected by acute myeloid leukemia by controlling tumor relapse without causing GVHD. (biomedcentral.com)
Three patients developed solid tumors: glioma (at 12 years), rhabdomyosarcoma (at four years), medulloblastoma (at eight years). (lu.se)

When the tumor was smaller than 10 cm in diameter, the prognosis was good, regardless of the composition of the tumor. (kaiserpermanente.org)

Previous studies have shown that T cells without PERK were better at controlling tumor growth when transfused into tumor-bearing hosts. (medicalnewstoday.com)
In 2019, Thaxton's lab created T cells devoid of PERK and transfused these cells into tumor-bearing hosts and found that T cells incapable of experiencing the stress response through PERK were very good at controlling tumor growth. (unclineberger.org)

The diversity of histologic composition reflects the inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) macroscopically. (nih.gov)
A common problem is that tumor heterogeneity prevents prodrugs from being adequately activated. (genengnews.com)

Epithelial cystic tumors account for about 60% of all true ovarian neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Mucinous epithelial tumors account for approximately 10-15% of all epithelial ovarian neoplasms. (medscape.com)
This protein is found within the membrane that surrounds epithelial cells, which are the cells that line the surfaces and cavities of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
We have previously shown mitotic spindle aberrations in cultured primary and immortalized human airway epithelial cells exposed to 24, 48 and 96 µg/cm2 single-walled carbon nanotube s (SWCNT). (cdc.gov)
To investigate mitotic spindle aberrations at concentrations anticipated in exposed workers, primary and immortalized human airway epithelial cells were exposed to SWCNT for 24-72 h at doses equivalent to 20 weeks of exposure at the Permissible Exposure Limit for particulates not otherwise regulated. (cdc.gov)
A Systematic Review of Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition Factor (MET) and Its Impact in the Development and Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. (lu.se)

Solid tumors pose significant challenges for immunotherapies including those employing phagocytic macrophages as effector cells. (aiche.org)
Today we are announcing significant progress in both hit and lead generation against novel I-O targets, including CCR8, which we believe could play a key role in the development of innovative immunotherapies to overcome solid tumor resistance. (pharmiweb.com)
Cancer immunotherapies aim to support or boost the patient's immune system to enable the effective clearance of cancer cells. (nature.com)

CAR-expression on T or NK cells allows them to specifically target cancer cells via recognition of tumor associated antigens. (nature.com)

When Thaxton's lab forced p-eIF2 alpha to cease its natural function, the T cells continued protein synthesis, and T cells were able to continue to control tumor growth in mice. (unclineberger.org)
Among the mice that had the AGPS enzyme inactivated, the tumors were nonexistent," said Nomura. (scitechdaily.com)
The mice that did not have this enzyme disabled rapidly developed tumors. (scitechdaily.com)
In a mouse model of cervical cancer, T cells carrying both cytokines shrank tumors completely in 4 of 5 mice, compared with just 1 of 5 mice treated with T cells carrying a single cytokine. (platohealth.ai)
Mice treated with T cells carrying both cytokines also lived longer than mice treated with T cells carrying just one cytokine. (platohealth.ai)
In this study, we administered fractionated RT combined with HBOC to treat Miapaca-2 cell and Hela cell xenografts on nude mice . (bvsalud.org)
Treatment with anti-PD-1 agents could reactivate the exhausted CAR T cells and eradicate the tumors in a proportion of mice. (healthmedicinet.com)

The importance of stroma also seems to vary between cancer types, and is particularly striking in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, a type of pancreatic cancer in which stroma can represent more than 90% of the tumor volume. (medicalxpress.com)
Then, they used live imaging to observe interactions between the CAR T cells, the stroma, and the tumor cells within a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. (medicalxpress.com)
They found that removing these cancer-associated fibroblasts effectively broke down the physical barrier surrounding the pancreatic cancer cells so that T cells could infiltrate the tumor. (medicalxpress.com)
[ 3 , 4 ] Both gefitinib and erlotinib are approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, and erlotinib in combination with gemcitabine is approved for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. (medscape.com)

CNS tumors are brain and spinal cord tumors, such as atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and diffuse midline glioma (DMG). (seattlechildrens.org)

Halting protein translation is protective in most cells and is part of the acute arm of the T cell's stress response," said Thaxton, senior author of the paper and associate professor of cell biology and physiology at the UNC School of Medicine. (unclineberger.org)
This work also shows the importance of studying the basic cell biology and bioenergetics of cells on the front lines of cancer therapeutics. (unclineberger.org)
Oncurious scientists, in collaboration with world-class immuno-oncology experts in T cell and endothelial cell biology - Prof. Dr. Gabriele Bergers (VIB-KU Leuven), Prof. Dr. Massimiliano Mazzone (VIB-KU Leuven) and Prof. Dr. Jo Van Ginderachter (VIB-VUB), and the drug discovery unit at VIB, are building a pipeline of proprietary investigational I-O therapies with distinct mode of actions. (pharmiweb.com)
Our proprietary capabilities enable us to harness the natural cancer-fighting properties of NK cells and enhance and tailor their effectiveness with the power of synthetic biology and innovative non-viral cell engineering. (pipelinereview.com)
Other study co-authors include Kunxin Luo, UC Berkeley professor of molecular and cell biology and faculty scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. (scitechdaily.com)

In 2017, a type of immunotherapy called CAR T-cell, which uses a strengthened version of the patient's own cells to fight the leukemia, was approved by the FDA for children. (medlineplus.gov)

We define markers for seven immune cell types, collectively named ImSig , and demonstrate how these markers can be used for the quantitative estimation of the immune cell content of tumor and nontumor tissue samples. (nih.gov)
Solid tumors are surrounded by a matrix of cells and fibrous connective tissue called "stroma. (medicalxpress.com)
To try to pinpoint the mechanisms involved, the team engineered CAR T cells to zero-in and remove cancer-associated fibroblasts, cells within stroma that produce the connective tissue matrix. (medicalxpress.com)
In the BrainChild-03 trial, a patient's own T cells are reprogrammed to recognize and target the protein B7-H3, which is expressed on many pediatric CNS tumors but not healthy brain tissue. (seattlechildrens.org)
The protocol maximizes the information yield from limited tissue and includes both the preservation of bulk tissue, which can be performed within 1 h following surgical resection, as well as tissue dissociation for an in-depth characterization of individual TIME cell populations, which typically takes several hours depending on tissue quantity and further downstream processing. (nature.com)
We also describe integrated modules for immunofluorescent staining of sectioned tissue, bulk tissue genomic analysis and fluorescence- or magnetic-activated cell sorting of digested tissue for subsequent culture or transcriptomic analysis by RNA sequencing. (nature.com)
The company's prodrugs are called Indukine molecules, and they are designed to unleash pro-inflammatory mechanisms on tumors while preventing unwanted side effects on nontarget tissue. (genengnews.com)

Other studies have investigated specific lipid signaling pathways, but what makes AGPS stand out as a treatment target is that the enzyme seems to simultaneously regulate multiple aspects of lipid metabolism important for tumor growth and malignancy. (scitechdaily.com)
A systematic review and meta-analysis by Liu et al found that the malignancy rate, including borderline tumors, for simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women was approximately 1 in 10,000. (medscape.com)
In most cases, solid pseudopapillary tumours should be resected surgically, as there is a risk of malignancy (cancer). (wikipedia.org)

T cells produce around 800,000 proteins per minute 24 hours after activation against foreign invaders. (medicalnewstoday.com)
T cells are among the body's most highly secretory cells, producing approximately 800,000 proteins per minute in states of activation against foreign invaders," she said. (unclineberger.org)

HBOC alleviated tumour hypoxia during radiotherapy more intensely in large solid tumours than regular ones. (bvsalud.org)
As a nano- oxygen carrier, Haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) administration is a promising strategy to alleviate tumour hypoxia which may remodel TME to ameliorate radiation resistance and enable RT more effective. (bvsalud.org)
This is due to more severe hypoxic regions exist in the large solid tumours compared to the regular counterparts, and HBOC administration may be more effective in alleviating hypoxia in large tumours. (bvsalud.org)
Different strategies to target hypoxic cancer cells and/or HIFs include hypoxia-activated prodrugs and inhibition of HIF dimerization, mRNA or protein expression, DNA binding capacity, and transcriptional activity. (lu.se)
As such, it represents a model system for tumor hypoxia in general. (lu.se)

LEUVEN, Belgium, Oct. 22, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- ONCURIOUS NV, a Belgium-based biotech company focused on developing innovative immune-oncology treatments, today presents its strategy directed at boosting T cell migration, infiltration and activity into solid tumors, and announces that it has reached preclinical proof of concept and has entered the lead optimization phase with its proprietary CCR8 Treg program. (pharmiweb.com)
Collectively, these preclinical data sets demonstrate the power of Catamaran's fully-integrated TAILWIND™ platform to deliver allogeneic NK cell therapies for solid tumors," said Vipin Suri, PhD, MBA, Chief Scientific Officer of Catamaran Bio. (pipelinereview.com)

Immunologically, solid LUADs are characterized by a predominance of exhausted T cells and immunosuppressive myeloid cells, where the hypoxic, acidified and nutrient-deprived TME has a non-negligible impact. (nih.gov)
The physical barrier and immunosuppressive environment derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts limits or traps T cells and prevents them from entering into the tumor," says first author Zebin Xiao, a physician and postdoctoral researcher in the School of Veterinary Medicine. (medicalxpress.com)
The treatment also disrupted the immunosuppressive environment so that, once they had infiltrated, T cells and other immune cells could effectively attack the tumor cells . (medicalxpress.com)
This is the first proof that these stromal cells play a critical role in both forming a physical barrier so that T cells can't get in, and also in creating that immunosuppressive environment," Puré says, "And we could just reverse all of that. (medicalxpress.com)
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one such heavily immunosuppressive tumor that has been particularly hard to target and remains without a viable treatment. (bmj.com)

They said that by manipulating various proteins in the stress response pathway within T cells, it is possible to overcome the T cell's intrinsic stress response and enable the immune system to fight against further tumor growth. (medicalnewstoday.com)
By manipulating multiple proteins in the stress response pathway inside T cells, Thaxton's team showed that it was possible to overcome the intrinsic T cell stress response to allow the immune system to thwart cancer growth. (unclineberger.org)

A single dose of engineered NK cells expressing CD70 CAR and secreted IL15 reduced tumor burden and increased survival in an RCC xenograft model, without the need for exogenous IL15. (pipelinereview.com)

For immunotherapy to be effective, T cells must secrete cytokines, such as cytotoxic cytokines to kill tumor cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The use of combination chemotherapy after initial surgery has dramatically improved the prognosis for many women with these tumors. (kaiserpermanente.org)

Everything in the scientific literature indicates that the acute arm of the PERK-mediated stress response aims to protect cells in hostile environments. (unclineberger.org)
Engineered cells were highly cytotoxic against multiple CD70-positive tumor cells lines derived from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (pipelinereview.com)
A study in Nature suggests epitope editing in donor stem cells prior to bone marrow transplants can stave off toxicity when targeting acute myeloid leukemia with immunotherapy. (genomeweb.com)

One of the mechanisms of action through which T cells can restore function in a low glucose environment is an enzyme (PERK = PKR ER-like kinase), which can modify a protein (eif2) to overcome inhibition of T cell metabolism. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Many strategies and approaches have been tried to overcome these obstacles, including arming CAR-T cells with knock-out of PD-1 expression or secretion of cytokines/chemokines and using CAR-T cells in combination with other treatments [ 3 - 5 ]. (ijbs.com)
The multi-specific engager shows both high tumor specificity, as well as the ability to overcome NK cell dysfunction encountered in the GBM TME. (bmj.com)

Some of the tests used to diagnose non-small cell lung cancer are also used to stage the disease. (solarproguide.com)
Disruption of the centrosome is common in many solid tumors including lung cancer. (cdc.gov)

Discrepancies in stromal cell function, evidenced by varying degrees of stromal remodeling and fibrosis, may also contribute to the specific immune phenotype of solid LUADs. (nih.gov)

CAT-179 demonstrated HER2-CAR-driven interferon gamma (IFNγ) production and tumor cell killing in vitro when co-cultured with HER2 + tumor cells. (pipelinereview.com)

The research focuses on a protein called PKR ER-like kinase (PERK), which is important for sensing stress in all types of cells, including T cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The CAR T cells the team developed, called IcasM28z, target the cell-surface protein, mesothelin, which is expressed on the majority of cancer cells. (aacr.org)
At the center of this research is a protein called PKR ER-like kinase (PERK), which is a major stress sensor for all cell types, including T cells, but has not been deeply studied in the context of immunity. (unclineberger.org)
She postulated that the PERK response could be halting protein secretion in a way that made T cells less effective at combating tumors. (unclineberger.org)
This led her group to conduct experiments to determine if PERK itself was responsible for poor T cell tumor control or if other actors in the signaling pathway initiated by PERK could be responsible for the inhibition of protein secretion in T cells, as proteins inside cells operate through a complicated cascade of interactions. (unclineberger.org)
Thaxton's lab found that when PERK is activated, modification of one molecule called p-eIF2 alpha is responsible for the T cell momentarily stopping protein synthesis during the stress response. (unclineberger.org)
July 27, 2023 - Trial results show that engineered T cells can effectively target mesothelin, a protein found on many solid tumors. (nih.gov)
The novelty of our study is that the CAR T cells target the cancer cell-surface protein, mesothelin, which is expressed on the majority of cancer cells, and they are delivered directly to the tumor site using regional delivery techniques," Adusumilli said. (healthmedicinet.com)
E-cadherin has many other functions including acting as a tumor suppressor protein, which means it prevents cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)
The loss of this protein prevents it from acting as a tumor suppressor, contributing to the uncontrollable growth and division of cells . (medlineplus.gov)

Data supporting Catamaran's lead program, CAT-248, will be presented in a poster titled "Engineering CD70-directed CAR-NK cells for the Treatment of Hematological and Solid Malignancies. (pipelinereview.com)
Immunotherapy with CAR-T cells has achieved tremendous successes in treatment of hematological malignancies. (ijbs.com)
As has often been the case, hematologic malignancies have led the way in the introduction of this new generation of therapeutics-perhaps because of easy access to tumor samples for pharmacodynamics, and the narrow spectrum of cells of origin. (cancernetwork.com)
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy for ovarian germ cell malignancies: the Australian experience. (kaiserpermanente.org)
Several protocols of adjuvant therapies based on NK cell allo-reactivity have been extensively used in clinics for both hematologic and non-hematologic malignancies either alone or in combination with antibodies and tumor-sensitizing drugs. (biomedcentral.com)

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is characterized by a loss of the tumor suppressor gene VHL that leads to a constitutive hypoxic response. (lu.se)

We showed that targeting those fibroblasts can disrupt that barrier and has a very great tumor inhibition effect. (medicalxpress.com)

Anatomy12

Organisms9

Diseases84

Chemicals and Drugs57

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment56

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Health Care11

Microenvironment20

Malignant18

Cancers22

Antigen receptor7

Tissues17

Anti-tumor5

Types of pediatric solid tumors2

Receptor6

Researchers28

Treatment of solid tumors4

Therapy45

Mutations9

Clinical17

Lymphoma5

Chimeric3

Brain tumor4

Mast cell tumors4

Relapsed or refractory1

Specifically in tumor cells1

Metastasis3

Large tumors1

Efficacy5

20221

Ovarian tumors1

Cancerous3

Therapeutic4

Proliferation3

Patients16

Composition of the tumor1

Controlling tumor growth2

Heterogeneity2

Epithelial6

Immunotherapies3

Antigens1

Mice7

Pancreatic cancer4

Glioma1

Biology5

Type of immunotherapy1

Tissue7

Malignancy3

800,000 proteins per minute2

Hypoxia5

Preclinical2

Immunosuppressive5

Proteins in the stress response pathway2

Survival1

Cytotoxic cytokines1

Prognosis1

Acute3

Overcome3

Lung cancer2

Stromal1

HER21

Protein10

Malignancies5

Renal1

Inhibition1