Cells to elicit. Medical search. Frequent questions

Virus-specific CD8 T cells or antibodies abrogated the pathology. (northwestern.edu)
Designing immunogens that elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies to conserved viral epitopes on the major surface glycoprotein, spike, such as the receptor binding domain (RBD) is one potential approach. (biorxiv.org)
For vaccines, CD4 + T cells can spell trouble The ideal vaccine elicits immune memory-either antibodies or memory T cells-to protect the host from subsequent infections. (ox.ac.uk)
Virus-specific CD8 + T cells or antibodies protected mice from the pathology. (ox.ac.uk)
Attenuated vaccines function by encouraging the body to create antibodies and memory immune cells in response to the specific pathogen which the vaccine protects against. (wikipedia.org)
Vaccines function by encouraging the creation of cells, such as CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes, or molecules, such as antibodies, that are specific to the pathogen. (wikipedia.org)
When a person receives an oral or injection of the vaccine, B cells, which help make antibodies, are activated in two ways: T cell-dependent and T-cell independent. (wikipedia.org)
To determine whether antigens delivered to DCs in lymphoid organs induce T cell help for antibody responses, we targeted a carrier protein, ovalbumin (OVA), to DCs in the presence of a maturation stimulus and assayed for antibodies to a hapten, (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl) acetyl (NP), after boosting with OVA-NP. (rockefeller.edu)
Second, these antibodies impair the induction of synaptic plasticity, rebound potentiation, and LTD, on Purkinje cells, resulting in loss of restoration and compensation of the distorted "internal models. (springer.com)
Antibodies attach themselves to the antigens on the surface of cancerous cells. (wikipedia.org)

However, little is known about the repertoire of T-cell responses elicited by the YF-17DD vaccine in humans. (johnshopkins.edu)

However, low dose inoculations via the IP or SC route or IN vaccination elicited vaccine-induced CD8 + T cell responses that did not reach protective thresholds for tumor protection. (bmj.com)
DC vaccination elicited polyfunctional HIV-specific responses associated with a reduced peak viral load following ATI. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition, whereas weak pre-existing immunity did not alter the protective thresholds of the vaccine-specific T cell response following subsequent immunization with CMV-based vaccine vectors, strong pre-existing immunity inhibited the development of vaccine-induced T cells and their control on tumor progression. (bmj.com)
T cell-mediated immunity requires both helper CD4 + T cells and cytotoxic CD8 + T cells to kill virus-infected cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Being able to produce a B-cell response as well as memory killer T cells is a key feature of attenuated virus vaccines that help induce a potent immunity. (wikipedia.org)
Cutting Edge: High-Dose Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccines Elicit Pulmonary Tissue-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells in the Face of Pre-Existing Humoral Immunity. (ox.ac.uk)
In this study, we investigated how pre-existing Ab immunity to influenza virus established from prior immunizations affects the development of CD8+ T cell responses evoked after vaccination with a live attenuated vaccine. (ox.ac.uk)
T cell immunity is initiated by mature dendritic cells (DCs) in lymphoid organs, whereas humoral responses to most antigens require further collaboration between primed, antigen-specific helper T cells and naive or memory B cells. (rockefeller.edu)
In summary, the results suggests that in addition to factors of the innate immunity, "promiscuous" T-cell antigens might contribute to the high efficacy of the yellow fever vaccines. (johnshopkins.edu)
Bladder Cancer Extracellular Vesicles Elicit a CD8 T Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity. (rochester.edu)

Inhibition of exosome secretion by GW4869 reduced hypoxic exosome-mediated migration and invasion of normoxic CRC cells. (ijbs.com)
Moreover, BET protein inhibition improves tumor cell-specific T cell cytotoxic function. (ssrn.com)
Finally, platinum-DNA adduct levels were detected by ultra-sensitive multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results: A dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth was observed after drug exposure, while a synergistic interaction was detected preferentially with sequential combinations. (worktribe.com)
Conclusion: These data demonstrate that oxaliplatin and pemetrexed synergistically interact against colon cancer cells, through modulation of cell cycle, inhibition of Akt phosphorylation, induction of apoptosis and modulation of gene expression. (worktribe.com)
USP28 deletion and small molecule inhibition destabilises c-MYC and elicits regression of squamous cell lung carcinoma. (ox.ac.uk)
After chemical elicitor treatments, phenolic content, resveratrol content, antioxidant activity, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme activity, and cytotoxicity (cell inhibition) against cancer cell lines of cultured grape cells were investigated using in vitro assay models. (ashs.org)
Reversible proteasome inhibition disrupts pathways supporting cell growth, thus decreasing cancer cell survival. (medscape.com)

Immunization with vaccines that selectively induced CD4 T cell responses resulted in catastrophic inflammation and mortality after challenge with a persistent strain of LCMV. (northwestern.edu)
SARS-CoV-2 ferritin nanoparticle vaccines elicit broad SARS coronavirus immunogenicity. (bvsalud.org)
The effectiveness of pertussis vaccines on the market, whole-cell pertussis vaccine (wPV) and (+)-Alliin acellular pertussis vaccine (aPV), is definitely under scrutiny because of a whooping cough resurgence despite high vaccination protection1,2. (brinda.info)
Little is known of the T cell repertoire these recombinant vaccines induce. (biomedcentral.com)
T cells primed by these recombinant adenovirus vaccines expanded after PPRV challenge and probably contributed to protection. (biomedcentral.com)
Cytokines, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell transfers, and especially checkpoint inhibitors constitute valuable elements in the immunotherapeutic armamentarium. (frontiersin.org)
A construct encoding the RBD of the delta variant elicits robust neutralizing antibody response with neutralizing titers an order of magnitude above currently approved mRNA vaccines. (biorxiv.org)

A single DC-targeted immunization elicited long-lived T cell helper responses to the carrier protein, leading to large numbers of antibody-secreting cells and high titers of high-affinity antihapten immunoglobulin Gs. (rockefeller.edu)
The T-cell responses were screened ex-vivo by IFN-γ ELISPOT assays using blood samples from 220 YF-17DD vaccinees collected two months to four years after immunization. (johnshopkins.edu)
The DALIA trial tested the hypothesis that immunization with HIV peptide loaded Dendritic Cells (DC) may improve HIV immune responses and help to contain viral replication. (biomedcentral.com)

Moreover, in 4/4 tested cases, stCD40L-stimulated ALL cells were able to induce allogeneic T cells proliferation. (unimib.it)
However, in stark contrast, we show for the first time that nairovirus infection of cells of the tick vector failed to induce apoptosis, as evidenced by undetectable levels of cleaved caspases and lack of cleaved HAZV-N. Our findings reveal that nairoviruses elicit diametrically opposed cellular responses in mammalian and tick cells, which may influence the infection outcome in the respective hosts. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)

In this context, Minos Biosciences has developed a technology allowing, for the first time at very high throughput, to explore the relationship between the gene expression profile of individual cells and their visual phenotype. (dim-elicit.fr)
Finally, he will develop a deep-learning approach to evaluate with what accuracy it is possible to predict the visual phenotype of a cell from transcriptomic data and vice versa. (dim-elicit.fr)
Importantly, these tissue perturbations endowed arriving cancer cells with an augmented stemness phenotype. (nature.com)
The magnitude, kinetics and phenotype of the circulating tumor-specific CD8 + T cell response were determined. (bmj.com)

T-cell responses are known to play an important role modulating antibody production and the killing of infected cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
An anticancer drug is coupled to an antibody that targets a specific tumor antigen (or protein ) that, ideally, is only found in or on tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
The biochemical reaction that occurs upon attaching triggers a signal in the tumor cell, which then absorbs, or internalizes, the antibody together with the linked cytotoxin. (wikipedia.org)

Overall, stimulation of phenolic bioactives and improvement in associated cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines were found in cultured grape cells after chemical elicitation treatments. (ashs.org)
Enhanced phenolic bioactives in cultured grape cells in response to chemical elicitation treatment, such as Na 2 SeO 3 , also resulted in higher cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. (ashs.org)
Additionally, a 11-year prospective cohort study of Japanese inhabitants linked low peripheral-blood NK cell cytotoxicity with increased cancer risk ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)

Overall, we demonstrate that BET protein targeting represents a promising strategy to overcome tumor-reactive T cell exhaustion and improve anti-tumor immune responses, by reducing the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in triplenegative breast cancer. (ssrn.com)
Andrieu, Guillaume P. and Shafran, Jordan S. and Denis, Gerald V., BET Bromodomain Targeting Suppresses the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway in Triple-negative Breast Cancer and Elicits Anti-tumor Immune Response (October 1, 2018). (ssrn.com)

A neoadjuvant treatment regimen consisting of HER2-directed conventional dendritic cell intratumoral therapy plus paclitaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab elicited pathologic complete responses in patients with stage I to III HER2-positive breast cancer. (onclive.com)
A neoadjuvant treatment regimen consisting of HER2-directed conventional dendritic cell (DC1) intratumoral therapy plus paclitaxel, trastuzumab (Herceptin), and pertuzumab (Perjeta) elicited pathologic complete responses (pCRs) in patients with stage I to III HER2 positive breast cancer, according to data from the ongoing phase 2 NATASHA trial (NCT05325632) presented at the 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting. (onclive.com)
Immune cell analysis revealed that the genes in the signature were correlated with B cell, CD4 T cell, CD8 T cell, dendritic cell, macrophage, and neutrophil. (hindawi.com)

Robotic microscopy coupled with image analysis of millions of cells and single-cell sequencing, each making the cellular heterogeneity of tissues and organisms accessible, have been crucial advances for a fine understanding of life and pathologies. (dim-elicit.fr)
Cellular senescence is a multifaceted process that arrests the proliferation of cells that are at risk of neoplastic transformation. (nature.com)
Proliferating cells can initiate an additional response by adopting a state of permanent cell-cycle arrest that is termed cellular senescence. (nature.com)
Understanding the causes and consequences of cellular senescence has provided novel insights into how cells react to stress, especially genotoxic stress, and how this cellular response can affect complex organismal processes such as the development of cancer and ageing. (nature.com)
Here, we explored differences in the cellular response of both mammalian and tick cells to nairovirus infection using Hazara virus (HAZV), which is a close relative of CCHFV within the CCHFV serogroup. (liverpool.ac.uk)
We show that HAZV infection of human-derived SW13 cells led to induction of apoptosis, evidenced by activation of cellular caspases 3, 7 and 9. (liverpool.ac.uk)
A vaccine containing partial cellular material as opposed to complete cells. (cdc.gov)
The proteasome pathway is an enzyme complex existing in all cells, which degrades ubiquitinated proteins that control the cell cycle and cellular processes and maintains cellular homeostasis. (medscape.com)
The defining functional feature of NK cells remains their intrinsic ability to conduct "natural killing" of cellular targets without prior sensitization. (frontiersin.org)
In this manuscript, we report the in vitro mutagenicity of waterpipe smoke condensate (WSC), the alteration in cellular parameters of lung alveolar cells in response to WSC exposure and discuss the implication of cellular responses in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (who.int)
However, WSC induced cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence mediated by the p53-p21 pathway. (who.int)

KA lesions can easily be mistaken for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (medscape.com)
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a considerable global health burden, with an incidence of over 600,000 cases per year. (ox.ac.uk)

We exposed healthy mouse lung tissue to radiation before the induction of metastasis and observed a strong enhancement of cancer cell growth. (nature.com)
Thus, USP28 may represent a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of squamous cell lung carcinoma. (ox.ac.uk)
NK cell infiltration into tumor tissue is associated with better disease prognosis in colorectal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and lung carcinomas ( 9 - 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
These findings were associated with reduced tracheal epithelial cell PKCa and PKCe activity and whole lung TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression. (cdc.gov)

We previously found that exosomes released from hypoxic CRC cells enhanced tumour growth and angiogenesis by enhancing the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells ( 13 ). (ijbs.com)
Wnt4 promotes the proliferation of cancer stem cells in response to progesterone in breast cancer ( 20 ). (ijbs.com)
A benefit of such immunomodulatory strategies is that low dosage stimulation of key immune cell populations, like antigen presenting cells, can subsequently propagate strong proliferation and therapeutic responses from effector cells. (frontiersin.org)
T-cells can then recognize this presentation and bind to the B cell, resulting in clonal proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
However, as tumors progress, cancerous cells develop immunosuppressive mechanisms that circumvent NK cell-mediated killing, allowing for tumor escape and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, we studied the effect of WSC on the proliferation and cell cycle of alveolar type II cells and vascular endothelial cells. (who.int)

In contrast, in this setting, animals with strong vaccine-induced polyfunctional CD4(+) T-cell responses showed efficacies similar to those with stronger CD8(+) T-cell responses. (nih.gov)

On the other hand, T-cell independent activation of B cells is due to non-protein antigens. (wikipedia.org)
These hormones help in the selection and development of T-cells that can recognize and respond to foreign antigens, thus contributing to the overall effectiveness of the immune system. (proprofs.com)
The screening identified sixteen immunodominant antigens that elicited activation of circulating memory T-cells in 10% to 33% of the individuals. (johnshopkins.edu)
These strategies rely on the isolation of T cells, which are either genetically modified to target tumor-specific antigens or are expanded from an endogenous population that recognizes tumor neoantigens. (aacr.org)
To improve this therapeutic strategy, Rosenberg and colleagues developed a method to identify the exact antigens that the T cells could recognize. (aacr.org)

Consistent with these findings, we found that Wnt4 was enriched in exosomes released from hypoxic CRC cells and mediated the functions of endothelial cells ( 13 ). (ijbs.com)
RESULTS: Storage of rat aorta for 24 hours in genuine Euro-Collins solution almost abolished smooth muscle function, and severe edema was found in the endothelial cells. (lu.se)
Furthermore, only slight edema could be demonstrated in the endothelial cells. (lu.se)

Immunopathology required antigen-specific CD4 T cells and was associated with a cytokine storm, generalized inflammation, and multi-organ system failure. (northwestern.edu)
Recently, attention has shifted from focusing on lipids toward addressing the immune cell-mediated inflammation contributing to CVD. (frontiersin.org)
We also assessed the effect of WSC on the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and inflammation. (who.int)

As previously reported, colorectal cancer cell-derived exosomes have important roles in tumour progression including invasion, angiogenesis, immune modulation and distal metastasis through effectively delivering microRNAs, mRNAs and proteins ( 10 - 12 ). (ijbs.com)
BET proteins control PD-1 expression in T cells, and PD-L1 in breast cancer cell models. (ssrn.com)
In this report, a library of 653 partially overlapping 15-mer peptides covering the envelope (Env) and nonstructural (NS) proteins 1 to 5 of the vaccine was utilized to perform a comprehensive analysis of the virus-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell responses. (johnshopkins.edu)

Histologically, the fully formed domelike lesion reveals a mass of proliferating squamous epithelial cells, which created the central core of keratin. (medscape.com)
[ 7 ] In KAs, cells that stain positive with proliferating-cell nuclear antigen immunostaining are distributed only in the outer edges of the tumor, corresponding to the proliferating squamous epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection Human papillomavirus (HPV) infects epithelial cells. (msdmanuals.com)

However, the roles and associated mechanisms of hypoxic colorectal cancer (CRC) cell-derived exosomes remain poorly understood. (ijbs.com)
The present study evaluates the pharmacological interaction between oxaliplatin and pemetrexed in colorectal cancer cells. (worktribe.com)

These findings suggest that overlapping of HLA binding motifs within a peptide enhances its T-cell immunogenicity and the prevalence of the response in the population. (johnshopkins.edu)

To evaluate whether leukemia-reactive T cells were detectable in the BM of ALL patients at diagnosis, stCD40L-stimulated ALL cells were co-cultured with autologous T cells (ratio 1:1), isolated from BM at diagnosis, for 4 days and a 24 h ELISPOT assay was applied to detect the presence of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing cells. (unimib.it)
In four of seven cases IFN-gamma-producing cells were detected with frequencies of 1/900, 1/1560, 1/2150 and 1/1575 autologous T cells. (unimib.it)
The choice of chemotherapy depends on several factors, including the patient's performance status, age, renal function, desire for inpatient or outpatient therapy, and likelihood of receiving future autologous stem cell transplantation. (medscape.com)

Notably, cytotoxic CD8 T cells (characterized by granzyme B) were highly accumulated, while the levels of other granzyme B-expressing cells remained unchanged. (news-medical.net)

Importantly, strong preexposure HIV-1/simian immunodeficiency virus-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses did not prove deleterious with respect to accelerated disease progression. (nih.gov)
Cancer cells release exosomes with various functions into the tumour microenvironment during cancer progression. (ijbs.com)

Conclusions This study highlight the effectiveness of CMV-based vaccine vectors, and shows that demarcated thresholds of vaccine-specific T cells could be defined that correlate to tumor protection. (bmj.com)
Conclusions: Pre-solidified implants elicit stromal cells and vigorous bone plate remodeling through a phase involving neutrophil chemotaxis. (polymtl.ca)

It is an alkylating agent, and its mechanism of action of active metabolites may involve cross-linking of DNA, which may interfere with growth of normal and neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)
these 2 events, in turn, can inhibit growth of neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)

During the lead-in phase, patients received intratumoral DC1 at 50 x 106 or 100 x 106 cells once per week for 6 weeks plus intravenous (IV) trastuzumab and IV pertuzumab once every 3 weeks for a total of 2 doses each. (onclive.com)

A 5.3-fold increase in immune cells was observed relative to control (non-diseased) tissue. (news-medical.net)
All implants attracted neutrophils, osteoclasts and abundant bone marrow-derived stromal cells, stimulated bone resorption followed by new woven bone repair (bone remodeling) and promoted repair tissue-bone integration. (polymtl.ca)
Drilled controls elicited a poorly integrated fibrous or fibrocartilaginous tissue. (polymtl.ca)
Importantly, we show that increasing the vaccine dose can overcome this impediment, resulting in improved vaccine-induced circulating and tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cell responses, which were protective against heterologous influenza challenge. (ox.ac.uk)

In a recent study published in the Journal of Hepatology , researchers reported that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination could elicit a distinct T cell-dominant immune-mediated hepatitis. (news-medical.net)

We hypothesized that dispersed chitosan particles implanted close to the bone marrow degrade in situ in a molecular mass-dependent manner, and attract more stromal cells to the site in aged rabbits compared to the blood clot in untreated controls. (polymtl.ca)
150 kDa chitosan implant was less degraded, and elicited more apoptotic neutrophils and bone resorption than 10 kDa chitosan implant. (polymtl.ca)
Pre-solidified chitosan implants are tunable by molecular mass, and could be beneficial for augmented marrow stimulation therapy if the recruited stromal cells can progress to bone and cartilage repair. (polymtl.ca)
Based on this biochemical rationale, chitosan and other chemical elicitors potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ), potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ), sodium selenite (Na 2 SeO 3 ), and aluminum sulphate [Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ] were targeted to improve phenolic bioactive profiles and associated antioxidant and anticancer properties of cultured grape cells grown for 28 days. (ashs.org)
Therefore, this study indicates that chemical elicitors, such as Na 2 SeO 3 and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3, as well as chitosan in select doses can be targeted to improve phenolic bioactives and associated antioxidant and anticancer properties in cultured grape cells and such strategy has relevance for wider applications with other phenolic antioxidant-enriched fruits. (ashs.org)

In the present work, we identified several CD4 + and CD8 + T cell epitopes in sheep infected with PPRV. (biomedcentral.com)
We also show that recombinant adenovirus vaccination induced T cell responses to the same epitopes, and led to memory T cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)

Tumor-specific T cells are identified, expanded, and infused into the lymphodepleted patient, where they can help mediate tumor regression. (aacr.org)

This contrasts with robust SE-induced ERK/MAPK activation in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus, a cell region that does not express STEP. (jneurosci.org)
A key finding was that SE stimulated acute and robust MAPK pathway activation in SE-resistant granule cells but not in vulnerable populations of hilar interneurons. (jneurosci.org)

CD4 T cells promote innate and adaptive immune responses, but how vaccine-elicited CD4 T cells contribute to immune protection remains unclear. (northwestern.edu)
However, a class of important immune-modulators is conspicuously absent: agents that utilize the power of innate immune cells to eradicate tumors. (frontiersin.org)
An important class of innate immune cells that play a critical role in mediating the antitumor immune response is the natural killer (NK) cell. (frontiersin.org)
NK cells are now accepted to play an important role in both the adaptive and innate immune responses that govern infection, autoimmunity, and tumor immunosurveillance ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)

However, the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of hypoxic CRC cell-derived exosomes are still largely unknown. (ijbs.com)
Although the molecular mechanisms responsible for the selective vulnerability of these cells are not well understood, activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) pathway has been implicated in neuroprotective responses to excitotoxicity in other neuronal populations. (jneurosci.org)
Here, we review tumor-NK cell interactions, discuss the mechanisms by which NK cells generate an antitumor immune response, and discuss NK cell-based therapeutic strategies targeting activating, inhibitory, and co-stimulatory receptors. (frontiersin.org)

The cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) T lymphocytes was the most abundant among immune cells, a condition unanticipated for AIH. (news-medical.net)
Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)

Spatial analysis of liver parenchyma for different subsets of immune cells revealed more extensive immune infiltration in the periportal areas. (news-medical.net)

In addition, we show that the HAZV nucleocapsid (N) protein was abundantly cleaved by caspase 3 in these mammalian cells at a conserved DQVD motif exposed at the tip of its arm domain, and that cleaved HAZV-N was subsequently packaged into nascent virions. (liverpool.ac.uk)
N6-Methyladenosine (m 6 A), a predominant internal modification of RNA in mammalian cells, has been recognized as having a vital role in mRNA stability, export, translation, splicing, and decay [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

Hayflick, L. The limited in vitro lifetime of human diploid cell strains. (nature.com)
elicits antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities in vitro in solid and hematologic tumor cells. (medscape.com)

Differences in the immune responses in outbred animals were not distinguished by enzyme-linked immunospot assays, but differences were distinguished by multiparameter fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, revealing a difference between the number of animals with both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses to vaccine inserts (MVA) and those that elicit a dominant CD4(+) T-cell response (NYVAC). (nih.gov)

Next, flow cytometry analyzed intrahepatic and peripheral populations of CD8 T cells in depth. (news-medical.net)
Cardiovascular immunotherapy has therefore become a recent focus for treatment, with the objective to develop approaches that can suppress excessive inflammatory responses by modulating specific immune cell populations. (frontiersin.org)
Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)

Susceptibility to SE-induced cell death has been shown to vary among phenotypically distinct subgroups of hilar interneurons. (jneurosci.org)
First described in 1975, NK cells were initially identified as a distinct sub-population of lymphocytes by their capacity to spontaneously lyse tumor cells ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

To date, diverse immunotherapeutic modalities have been accepted as viable strategies for eliminating cancerous cells. (frontiersin.org)

Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), we detected major changes in the conformation of a constituent ECM protein , fibronectin (Fn), as cells fabricated a thick three-dimensional (3D) matrix over the course of three days. (rsc.org)
BET protein targeting reduces T cell-derived interferon-γ production and signaling, thereby suppressing PD-L1 induction in breast cancer cells. (ssrn.com)
Nevertheless, CD38 expression on CD8 T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 S protein and other cytotoxic markers were elevated when a relapse occurred during budesonide treatment but normalized after treatment with systemic immunosuppressants. (alecomm.com)
Hormones often cause a cell to elicit multiple responses because during protein kinase activation, enzymes phosphorylate many other enzymes. (proprofs.com)
Along these lines, accumulating evidence shows that the p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway plays an important role in neuronal cell survival. (jneurosci.org)
Our data reveal that the vulnerable cells express high levels of striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP), which is a key regulator of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. (jneurosci.org)
The recent FDA approvals of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-targeted checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab mark the latest successes in the rapidly expanding field of cancer immunotherapies. (frontiersin.org)
This protein helps to determine the position of various components within cells (cell polarity). (medlineplus.gov)

Childhood B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) cells, collected from bone marrow (BM) at diagnosis, were cultured, after thawing, on allogeneic human bone marrow stroma (HBMS) for 48 h in the presence of a soluble trimeric CD40 ligand (stCD40L) molecule. (unimib.it)
The European Commission approved Inotuzumab ozogamicin [14] as a monotherapy for the treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory CD22-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on June 30, 2017 under the trade name Besponsa® (Pfizer/Wyeth), [15] followed on August 17, 2017 by the FDA. (wikipedia.org)

Fig. 6: Radiation exposure boosts Notch signaling and stemness in metastatic cells. (nature.com)
Exposure to organic dusts elicits airway inflammatory diseases. (cdc.gov)

Several types of ACT round out the immunotherapy arsenal, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR) therapy, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy. (aacr.org)

RESULTS: Within the range of tested doses, WSC did not elicit sufficient response to be considered mutagenic in any of the strains tested (TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA97a) but were found to be toxic for strains TA97a and TA102 at the highest tested doses. (who.int)

We have previously demonstrated that intravenous injections of anti-inflammatory nanocarriers provided atheroprotection that was mediated by regulatory T cells (Tregs) upregulated in lymphoid organs and atherosclerotic lesions. (frontiersin.org)

This phosphorylation process leads to a cascade of reactions within the cell, activating various signaling pathways and triggering multiple responses. (proprofs.com)
In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)

During pilocarpine-induced SE, in vivo disruption of STEP activity allowed activation of the MAPK pathway, leading to immediate-early gene expression and significant rescue from cell death. (jneurosci.org)
Given the stringent, cell type-specific regulation of this pathway, these data raise the possibility that vulnerability to SE-induced cell death may, in part, depend on the capacity of a cell to elicit a MAPK pathway-dependent neuroprotective response. (jneurosci.org)

While the mechanical properties of a substrate or engineered scaffold can govern numerous aspects of cell behavior, cells quickly start to assemble their own matrix and will ultimately respond to their self-made extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironments. (rsc.org)

Recent reports reveal marked differences in the gene expression of human dendritic cells infected with two leading poxvirus-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine candidates, New York vaccinia virus (NYVAC) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA). (nih.gov)
The bulk RNA sequencing datasets ( GSE180823 ) and the single-cell RNA sequencing datasets ( GSE181306 ) are deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, NCBI) repository. (nature.com)
Human NK cells are phenotypically characterized by the expression of CD56 and the absence of CD3 and can be further subdivided into a CD56 bright population and a CD56 dim population. (frontiersin.org)
In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)

Using a mouse model and a panel of live attenuated influenza virus vaccine candidates (cold adapted and single cycle), we show that pre-existing influenza-specific Abs directed against the vaccine backbone attenuate the size and quality of the vaccine-induced CD8+ T cell response. (ox.ac.uk)

Treatment of breast cancer cell lines in culture with CPE resulted in rapid and dose-dependent cytolysis exclusively in cells that expressed CLDN 3 and 4. (johnshopkins.edu)
Intratumoral CPE treatment of xenografts of T47D breast cancer cells in immunodeficient mice resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume (P = 0.007), with accompanying necrosis. (johnshopkins.edu)

These data demonstrate that vaccine-elicited CD4 T cells in the absence of effective antiviral immune responses can trigger lethal immunopathology. (northwestern.edu)

The activation of β-catenin signalling was important for the migration and invasion of normoxic CRC cells, which was eliminated by treatment with the β-catenin inhibitor ICG-001. (ijbs.com)
In T-cell dependent activation of B cells, B cells first recognize and present the antigen on MHCII receptors. (wikipedia.org)
SE-induced MAPK activation within these neurons was repressed by STEP, leading to cell death. (jneurosci.org)
NK cell activation and the triggering of effector functions is governed by a complex set of activating and inhibitory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
Nascent transformed cells elicit NK cell activation and are eliminated. (frontiersin.org)

Findings also showed that in patients treated with DC1 at 100 x 106 cells, there was a decrease in peripherally circulating anti-HER2 T-cell response at week 6, which study authors attributed to a likely increase in T-cell trafficking to the tumor site. (onclive.com)
These findings identify a key set of signaling events that render somatostatinergic hilar interneurons vulnerable to SE-induced cell death. (jneurosci.org)

References 2 and 3 describe the characteristics of cancer cells and the importance of mutations in cancer development. (nature.com)
To kick off the session, Sharma introduced Steven Rosenberg, MD, PhD , chief of surgery at the National Cancer Institute, to deliver his talk, "T-cells targeting unique cancer mutations. (aacr.org)
Rosenberg is beginning to develop a library of TCRs that can recognize shared mutations in the hope of utilizing them for TCR T-cell therapy for patients across a variety of tumor types, especially those with common epithelial cancers. (aacr.org)
which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (medlineplus.gov)

Drug interaction was studied using the combination index method, while cell cycle was investigated with flow cytometry. (worktribe.com)

A stable frequency of S-specific CD8 T cells was noted in circulation, and the CD38 levels decreased with budesonide therapy. (alecomm.com)
Unlike CAR T-cell therapy or TCR therapy, which modifies T cells taken from the blood, TIL therapy utilizes T cells that have infiltrated the tumor stroma, which requires a tumor biopsy. (aacr.org)

Background The capacity of cytomegalovirus (CMV) to elicit long-lasting strong T cell responses, and the ability to engineer the genome of this DNA virus positions CMV-based vaccine vectors highly suitable as a cancer vaccine platform. (bmj.com)
This treatment utilizes a patient's own immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. (aacr.org)
Assessing the Magnitude of Immunogenic Cell Death Following Chemotherapy and Irradiation Reveals a New Strategy to Treat Pancreatic Cancer. (rochester.edu)
In the early phases of cancer immune surveillance, NK cells directly identify and lyse cancer cells. (frontiersin.org)

We looked at CML cells exposed to what was then called CGP57148B and found it to be a selective inhibitor of CML over normal cells . (medscape.com)

Mice were subsequently challenged with tumor cells, and the tumor protection was monitored. (bmj.com)
1995) and subsequently in primary cells (Heyworth et al. (lu.se)

Given these observations, insight into the molecular mechanism responsible for the subclass-specific vulnerability of interneurons to SE-induced cell death may provide a deeper understanding of temporal lobe epileptogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
Information regarding the molecular events underlying cell type-specific vulnerability may be gained by the analysis of inherent neuroprotective signaling responses actuated by excitotoxic stimuli. (jneurosci.org)

As with all tumors, whether benign or malignant, identification of the cell or cell layer of origin is of the utmost importance. (medscape.com)
There is compelling clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in the recognition and eradication of tumors. (frontiersin.org)

Antibodies10

Responses elicited1

Vaccination elicited2

Immunity8

Inhibition7

Vaccines7

Immunization3

Induce3

Phenotype4

Antibody3

Cytotoxicity3

Anti-tumor2

Dendritic cell3

Cellular11

Squamous cell carc2

Lung4

Proliferation6

Polyfunctional1

Antigens5

Endothelial cells3

Inflammation3

Proteins3

Epithelial cells3

Colorectal cancer2

Immunogenicity1

Autologous3

Cytotoxic CD81

Progression2

Conclusions2

Neoplastic2

Trastuzumab1

Tissue4

20191

Chitosan5

Epitopes2

Tumor-specific1

Robust2

Innate4

Mechanisms3

Differentiation4

Immune cells1

Mammalian cells2

Vitro2

Dominant1

Populations3

Distinct2

Cancerous cells1

Protein8

Acute lymphobl2

Exposure2

Receptor1

Sufficient1

Lymphoid organs1

Pathways2

Pathway2

Extracellular1

Expression4

Vaccine-induced1

Breast Cancer2

Demonstrate1

Activation5

Findings2

Mutations4

Flow cytometry1

Therapy2

Cancer4

Selective Inhibitor1

Subsequently2

Molecular2

Tumors2