• Conclusion: In conclusion, fluoro-edenite regulates the expression of pRb to trigger a network of signals strictly connected with cell proliferation and neoplastic cell transformation. (unict.it)
  • Characterization of protein kinase C beta isoform's action on retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation, vascular endothelial growth factor-induced endothelial cell proliferation, and retinal neovascularization. (bvsalud.org)
  • The potential functional consequences of PKC beta-induced retinoblastoma phosphorylation could include enhanced E2 promoter binding factor transcriptional activity and increased VEGF -induced endothelial cell proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our results suggest that BRCA1 overexpression sensitizes cancer cells to lovastatin via regulation of cyclin D1-CDK4-p21WAF1/CIP1 pathway, which will provide an innovative experimental framework to study control of breast cancer cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
  • The prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor SUAM-14746 attenuates the proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines in vitro. (cancerindex.org)
  • The effects of POP inhibition and knockdown on the proliferation of cultured human estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) MCF7 and T47D, and ER-negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and the MCF12A non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line were tested by analyzing their influence on cell proliferation (WST-1 assay), cell viability (trypan blue exclusion assay), and cell cycle arrest (cell cycle analysis, cell cycle regulator proteins expression). (cancerindex.org)
  • Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of thousands of DIPG tumor cells containing H3K27M mutations showed that most of these tumor cells resemble oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC-like)-a cell type that exhibits obviously enhanced proliferation and tumor-propagating potential compared with other cell subsets in tumor samples 9 . (nature.com)
  • The encoded protein binds directly to retinoblastoma protein, which regulates cell proliferation. (fishersci.com)
  • During cell growth and proliferation, ubiquitin plays an outsized role in promoting progression through the cell cycle. (intechopen.com)
  • Notably, the G1/S boundary represents a major barrier to cell proliferation and is universally dysfunctional in cancer cells, allowing for the unbridled proliferation observed in malignancy. (intechopen.com)
  • Overexpression of this gene is associated with tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. (cancerindex.org)
  • Transwell migration, cell cycle analysis, MTT and colony formation assays were performed to determine the effect of DRAM2 overexpression and knockdown on NSCLC-cell migration and proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
  • Additionally, DRAM2 overexpression promoted cell metastasis and proliferation in vitro, while knockdown of DRAM2 expression yielded opposite result. (cancerindex.org)
  • Hinck's lab has identified a family of cellular proteins that help regulate cell proliferation and migration and act as breast tumor suppressors. (ucsc.edu)
  • Doxorubicin (DOX) is known as an anticancer drug that acts in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle to arrest cell proliferation and induce cellular senescence (see the upper left figure). (dojindo.com)
  • It was discovered when pulmonary fibroblasts slowed down their proliferation and eventually ended in cell death after cell passaging had been performed for more than 8 months. (dojindo.com)
  • Cancer cells demand high energy production to sustain their pathological increase in proliferation rate. (hindawi.com)
  • The p27 protein is a canonical negative regulator of cell proliferation and acts primarily by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). (rcsb.org)
  • Cell division, proliferation, and apoptosis and death are integral parts of life. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Cell proliferation is an increase in the number of cells as a result of growth and division. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The balance of cell proliferation and apoptosis is important for both development and normal tissue homeostasis. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • A number of techniques are used to assess cell proliferation. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Using analogs to these nucleosides provides a way to measure cell proliferation. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Several cell cycle-associated proteins, such as Ki-67, are also used as indicators of cell proliferation. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Fluorescent or nonfluorescent cytoplasmic proliferation dyes can also be used as a measure cell proliferation. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • BD Biosciences offers BD Horizon™ Violet Proliferation Dye 450 and BD Horizon™ CFSE for the detection of cell proliferation with the violet laser and blue laser, respectively, which facilitates the use of larger panels. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Functional loss of p16 may lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation 3,4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
  • Many factors are involved in causing and permitting the unregulated proliferation of cells that occurs in cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Загальні відомості про злоякісні новоутворення Cancer is an unregulated proliferation of cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In addition, both proteins can inhibit the transcription of cell cycle genes containing E2F binding sites in their promoters. (wikipedia.org)
  • It acts as a transcription repressor of E2F target genes, whose activity is required for progress from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • Briefly, miRNAs are expected to account for 1-5% of the human genome and to interfere with at least 30% of the protein-coding genes ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In particular, we will discuss the modifications in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways caused by proteins encoded by HPV early genes. (mdpi.com)
  • Only two Bcl-2 family genes have been found in Drosophila melanogaster including the pro-cell survival, human Bok-related orthologue, Buffy. (sdbonline.org)
  • Of the most frequently mutated genes in SCLC, mutations in the CREB binding protein ( CREBBP ) gene can be found in 15-17% of patients. (fredhutch.org)
  • Additionally, the tumor suppressor activity of CREBBP was also demonstrated in other neuroendocrine tumors such as pituitary and thyroid tumors using genetic mouse models where Rb1 , Tpr53 and Crebbp genes are deleted in neuroendocrine cells. (fredhutch.org)
  • Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
  • TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)
  • Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
  • Cdk4-mediated phosphorylation of Rb protein is inhibited by p16, a product of a possible tumor suppressor gene. (nih.gov)
  • Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and retinoblastoma protein (pRb), was further down-regulated under exposure to lovastatin in condition of BRCA1 overexpression, but the expression of p21WAF1/CIP1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI), was further up-regulated, both in vitro and in vivo detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. (nih.gov)
  • DRAM2 overexpression also increased proteins CDK4, CyclinD3, and decreased p27 expression, all of which are cell cycle-related factors. (cancerindex.org)
  • Phosphorylation at CDK1, CDK4, and CDK9 sites on, respectively, protein phosphatase 1alpha, retinoblastoma protein, and RNA polymerase II is inhibited in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells exposed to meriolins. (rcsb.org)
  • Structural and biochemical data revealed that binding of phosphorylated p27 (phosp27) to CDK4 altered the kinase adenosine triphosphate site to promote phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (Rb) and other substrates. (rcsb.org)
  • Palbociclib instead primarily targeted monomeric CDK4 and CDK6 (CDK4/6) in breast tumor cells. (rcsb.org)
  • The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)
  • The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
  • The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
  • Intriguingly, RB1 mutations can arise late in tumorigenesis in cancer cells whose RB pathway is already compromised by another mutation. (bepress.com)
  • The most widely held concept of histogenesis of retinoblastoma holds that it generally arises from a multipotential precursor cell (mutation in the long arm of chromosome 13 band 13q14) that could develop into almost any type of inner or outer retinal cell. (medscape.com)
  • The first mutation of RB1 in cases of retinoblastoma can be either constitutional or somatic, whereas the second mutation is always somatic. (medscape.com)
  • the authors employed a HDAC inhibitor, Pracinostat on SCLC cell lines and mouse models and found that loss of CREBBP increased therapeutic responses. (fredhutch.org)
  • Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Proliferative control in cancer cells is frequently disrupted by mutations in the retinoblastoma protein (RB) pathway. (bepress.com)
  • In this study, we present evidence for increased DNA damage and instability in cancer cells with RB pathway defects when RB1 mutations are induced. (bepress.com)
  • Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • Although ACVR1 mutations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this currently incurable disease, the impacts of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling on more than 60% of H3K27M DIPG carrying ACVR1 wild-type remain unknown. (nature.com)
  • Angela Brooks is developing computational and experimental approaches to determine which mutations in cancer cells are functionally important. (ucsc.edu)
  • These are as follows: sustained proliferative signalling, cell death resistance, replicative immortality, genome instability and increased mutations, tumour-promoted inflammation, insensibility to growth repressors, deregulation of cellular energetics, evasion of immune destruction, induction of metastasis, and promotion of angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)
  • Expression of p63 is almost exclusively restricted to epithelial cells, mutations in this gene are infrequent, and its expression is increased in a variety of solid tumors, particularly those of the head and neck area 12,13 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Knudson first proposed that two hits, or mutations, are required for the development of retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)
  • In contrast, both mutations in nonhereditary retinoblastoma are somatic. (medscape.com)
  • Traditionally, cell death has been divided into apoptosis and necrosis. (nature.com)
  • It does not have the morphological characteristics of typical necrosis, such as swelling of the cytoplasm and organelles and rupture of the cell membrane, nor does it have the characteristics of traditional cell apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies and disintegration of the cytoskeleton. (nature.com)
  • Unlike apoptosis, senescence is a state of which cells are still alive and metabolically active. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although the senescent cells remain viable, they show typical changes with enlarged and flattened cell bodies, apoptosis resistance, increased activity of senescence-associated β -galactosidase (SA- β -gal), and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors including p16 INK4A , ARF proteins, and p21 [ 13 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The ability of the host to trigger apoptosis in infected cells is perhaps the most powerful tool by which viruses can be cleared from the host organism. (mdpi.com)
  • To avoid elimination by this mechanism, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have developed several mechanisms that enable the cells they infect to elude both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
  • In this manuscript, we review the current literature regarding how HPV-infected cells avoid apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms involved in these events. (mdpi.com)
  • Many of the current efforts regarding anti-cancer drug development are focused on directing tumor cells to undergo apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
  • Both proteins can localize at the mitochondrion , but the way they control apoptosis still remains unclear. (sdbonline.org)
  • Interestingly, rbf1 -induced apoptosis leads to a debcl - and drp1 -dependent Reactive Oxygen Species production, which in turn activates the Jun Kinase pathway to trigger cell death. (sdbonline.org)
  • These results provide a mechanism by which Drosophila Bcl-2 family proteins can control apoptosis and shed light on a link between Rbf1 and mitochondrial dynamics, in vivo. (sdbonline.org)
  • Research into apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and cellular senescence is very important for understanding the intracellular functions that control cell survival and death. (dojindo.com)
  • Cells are also programmed for death at the genetic level as a response to DNA damages through the process of apoptosis. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Apoptosis is an organized process that signals cells to self-destruct for cell renewal or to control aberrant cell growth. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • As cells become damaged or are no longer needed, they undergo apoptosis or programmed cell death, a normal physiological process that occurs during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Apoptosis controls the orderly death of damaged cells, whereas necrosis occurs as a result of tissue damage, causing the loss of both damaged and surrounding cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Methods for detecting apoptosis or dead cells (viability) by cell preparation type. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • However, some cell types do not display characteristic features of apoptosis. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • In those cases, multiple aspects of apoptosis might need to be analyzed to confirm the mechanism of cell death. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The TP53 gene is also capable of stimulating apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
  • Results: Intriguingly, these results show that Rb expression was unchanged, while the level of the phosphorylated protein increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting an involvement of this regulator protein in the pathogenesis of the lung diseases induced by mineral fibres. (unict.it)
  • The mechanism, which is based on the synthesis and degradation of three ''master regulator'' proteins (CtrA, GcrA, and DnaA), is converted into a quantitative model, in order to study the temporal dynamics of these and other cell cycle proteins. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • AtRBR1 is a key regulator of entry into cell division. (nih.gov)
  • The retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) is a tumor suppressor protein and acts as cell cycle regulator. (novusbio.com)
  • We discovered that activation of BMP signaling promotes the exit of DIPG tumor cells from 'prolonged stem-cell-like' state to differentiation by epigenetically regulating CXXC5, which acts as a tumor suppressor and positive regulator of BMP signaling. (nature.com)
  • Here, we show that DRAM2 may act as an oncogenic regulator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (cancerindex.org)
  • Design Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), which is considered the master regulator of ferroptosis, was genetically altered in murine models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) to analyse the effect of ferroptosis on tumour cells and the immune tumour microenvironment. (bmj.com)
  • Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 is a key regulator of G1 PHASE of the CELL CYCLE. (bvsalud.org)
  • Retinoblastoma-like 1 (p107), also known as RBL1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBL1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we show a novel function for Retinoblastoma family member, p107 in controlling stem cell expansion in the mammalian brain. (rupress.org)
  • Adult p107-null mice had elevated numbers of proliferating progenitor cells in their lateral ventricles. (rupress.org)
  • In vitro neurosphere assays revealed striking increases in the number of neurosphere forming cells from p107 −/− brains that exhibited enhanced capacity for self-renewal. (rupress.org)
  • Chief among the intracellular signals is the phosphorylation of proteins belonging to the pocket protein family, such as p107, p130 and retinoblastoma protein (Rb). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Ferroptosis-inducing factors can directly or indirectly affect glutathione peroxidase through different pathways, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, ultimately leading to oxidative cell death. (nature.com)
  • A re-evaluation of parameters of cell kinetics in view of our increasing knowledge of the molecular pathways of cell cycle control may provide more prognostic information for the management of patients with malignant lymphomas. (bmj.com)
  • The mechanisms of radioresistance are still poorly understood, despite it has been suggested that miRNAs play an important role in cell signaling pathways. (frontiersin.org)
  • Indeed, it has been shown that miRNAs play an important role in gene expression, mainly when associated with the monitoring of several cell and metabolic pathways, being also an essential component of the gene silencing machinery in most eukaryotic organisms ( 4 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • These marker proteins are known to be tumor suppressors and regulate the cell cycle mainly through two pathways (p16Ink4a-RB and p53-p21CIP1). (dojindo.com)
  • We also molecularly defined the development of Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells during the perinatal period, allowing us to identify candidate signaling pathways acting between somatic and germ cells in a stage-specific manner during the perinatal period. (biologists.com)
  • Both, E6 and E7 co-operate to induce transformation of epithelial cells by interacting with numerous host cell proteins affecting many essential cellular pathways. (srce.hr)
  • The model accounts for important details of the physiology, biochemistry, and genetics of cell cycle control in stalked C. crescentus cell. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Doug Kellogg's lab is working to elucidate these mechanisms, using biochemistry, genetics, and mathematical modeling to understand signaling networks that are required for control of cell size and cell growth. (ucsc.edu)
  • Retinoblastoma genetics screening and clinical management. (cdc.gov)
  • The proliferative ability of MCF-7 cells treated with lovastatin was reduced compared to normal, and further decreased in the presence of excess BRCA1, detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium and flow cytometry techniques in vitro or by 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • However, proliferative indices alone do not suffice to characterise cell growth. (bmj.com)
  • rbf1 , the Drosophila homolog of Rb , also displays a pro- apoptotic activity in proliferative cells. (sdbonline.org)
  • Thus, these cells are capable of entering a proliferative state. (msdmanuals.com)
  • RB1 deletion in retinoblastoma protein pathway-disrupted cells results in DNA damage and cancer progression" Molecular and Cellular Biology Vol. 39 Iss. (bepress.com)
  • However, biological and molecular mechanisms linked to cancer development after mineral fibres exposure were not fully investigated.Methods: In the present study, mesothelial (MeT-5A) and human bronchoalveolar alveolar epithelial (A549) cell lines were incubated with rising concentrations of fluoro-edenite to evaluate the expression of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, which has been demonstrated to play an important role in cell cycle control and tumour progression. (unict.it)
  • Progression of a cell through the division cycle is tightly controlled at different steps to ensure the integrity of genome replication and partitioning to daughter cells. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • The most relevant articles summarising existing knowledge on RCC genomics, including tumour cell evolution and progression, were selected for this review. (springer.com)
  • Progression through the cell cycle is driven by the oscillating activity of Cyclin Dependent Kinases (CDKs). (intechopen.com)
  • As a result, changes in SA-ß-Gal expression, cell cycle progression, and mitochondrial membrane potential were observed. (dojindo.com)
  • Common detection indicators for assessing cellular senescence include features related to cell cycle progression (DNA synthesis, p16/p21 expression, etc.), features related to morphology (of the cell, nucleus, nucleolus, etc. (dojindo.com)
  • The biological functions of HMGB1 are diverse in normal cells and during the start and progression of cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • A series of signal transduction events starting from the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) to binding of E2F -target transcription to phosphorylation of Rb helps maintain cell-cycle progression. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Immunohistochemical identification of molecular genetic events in the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell squamous-cell carcinoma enables early detection of lesions with the potential for malignant progression, thus permitting timely intervention 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)
  • From published experimental evidence, we propose a molecular mechanism for control of the cell division cycle in Caulobacter crescentus. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • How to intervene in the occurrence and development of related diseases by regulating cell ferroptosis has become a hotspot and focus of etiological research and treatment, but the functional changes and specific molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis still need to be further explored. (nature.com)
  • Cancer research at UC Santa Cruz includes faculty in a wide range of departments, including Applied Math and Statistics, Biomolecular Engineering, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Electrical Engineering, Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, and Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology. (ucsc.edu)
  • They studied its ability to suppress collective cell migration in cultures at the Vontz Center for Molecular Studies. (sciencedaily.com)
  • AtRBR1 plays a central role in the mechanism controlling meristem cell differentiation, cell fate establishment and cell fate maintenance during organogenesis and gametogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, targeting the prolonged stem-cell-like state of DIPG cells to differentiation has been proposed as a potential strategy for DIPG treatment. (nature.com)
  • Mouse studies have suggested that Acvr1 G328V cooperates with Hist1h3b K27M and Pik3ca H1047R to generate high-grade diffuse gliomas, specifically by arresting the differentiation of oligodendroglial lineage cells 16 . (nature.com)
  • Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Its prominent properties are A lack of cell differentiation Local invasion of adjoining tissue Metastasis, which is spread to distant sites through. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The HPV E7 peptide contains the LxCxE motif, shared by other Rb-binding viral and cellular proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Intrinsic antiviral resistance is a branch of antiviral defence that involves constitutively expressed cellular proteins that act within individual infected cells. (mdpi.com)
  • Cloning of cDNAs for cellular proteins that bind to the retinoblastoma gene product. (wikigenes.org)
  • The cyclin box is a protein binding domain. (nih.gov)
  • The accumulation of both Cyclin and CKI proteins is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. (intechopen.com)
  • In addition, Cyclin and CKI proteins are controlled at the level of their destruction. (intechopen.com)
  • This gene encodes a protein involved in regulation of the cell cycle through interactions with several cyclin-dependent kinases. (nih.gov)
  • One study (PMID: 16177568) reported aberrant splicing of transcripts from this gene which results in removal of the cyclin binding domain only in human cancer cells, and reduction in gene expression was shown in colorectal cancers (PMID: 17982127).Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (nih.gov)
  • Addgene: Expression cloning of a cDNA encoding a retinoblastoma-binding protein with E2F-like properties. (addgene.org)
  • Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) enhances the angiogenic process and is involved in the signaling of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ). (bvsalud.org)
  • They further link to the activation of protein kinase C- (PKC-) induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 6 , 7 ], which further mediates the activation of downstream transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B). Thus, the main treatments of DN refer to modulate glycemic and blood pressure through insulin and RAS inhibitors. (hindawi.com)
  • When xenografted into immunocompromised mice, RB1 mutant cells exhibit an elevated propensity to seed new tumors in recipient lungs. (bepress.com)
  • Secondary deposits or seeding of tumor cells into other areas of the retina may be confused with multicentric tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Immunohistochemistry: cleaved Retinoblastoma 1 Antibody (172C1094) [NB100-56598] - Analysis in sections of primary human breast tumors. (novusbio.com)
  • Small tumors have a greater percentage of actively dividing cells than do large tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Introduction: In this study we addressed the expression of Rb and pRb protein in human lung epithelial A549 and MeT-5A cell cultures treated with three concentrations of fluoro-edenite fibres to gain insights into the biomolecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between these environmental particulates/fibres and human respiratory epithelium. (unict.it)
  • CDH1 protein is important in the epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT) that occur in cancer pathogenesis. (fredhutch.org)
  • The p63 protein, a homologue of p53, may be associated with tumor formation in the epithelial tissue, acting as an oncogene 11,12 . (bvsalud.org)
  • We examined the expression of p16 and Rb protein by means of immunohistochemistry in 61 non-small cell lung cancers and have demonstrated an inverse relationship between the expression of p16 and Rb protein: 28/30 specimens that did not stain for p16 stained for Rb and 21/31 p16-positive specimens did not stain for Rb. (nih.gov)
  • It interacts preferentially with the underphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein via the E1A-binding pocket B. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described for this gene. (fishersci.com)
  • In this study we investigated how RELA impacts the beta cell transcriptional landscape and provides network control over glucoregulation. (researchgate.net)
  • CREBBP is involved in the transcriptional coactivation of many different transcription factors, important for influencing critical processes such as embryonic development, cell growth control and homeostasis by coupling chromatin remodeling to transcription factor binding. (fredhutch.org)
  • CREBBP expression in neuroendocrine tumor cells promotes a cellular adhesion related transcriptional program, where E-CADHERIN (CDH1) was of particular interest. (fredhutch.org)
  • 11. Amsel, A. & Roussel, J. Motivational properties of ences in post-transcriptional processes spark interest in the development of frustration: I. Effect on a running response of the (protein redistribution, degradation), pharmacotherapies that selectively reg- addition of frustration to the motivational com- plex. (lu.se)
  • Scientists have discovered that, in the absence of resident stem cells, senescent cells can instruct neighboring somatic cells to reprogram. (dojindo.com)
  • Using single-cell RNA sequencing (RNAseq), we studied the development of ProSG, their SG descendants and testicular somatic cells during the perinatal period in mice. (biologists.com)
  • The RB1 gene product is a tumor suppressor protein that appears to be involved in cell cycle regulation, as it is phosphorylated in the S to M phase transition and is dephosphorylated in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retinoblastoma is the most common primary ocular malignancy (eye cancer) of childhood. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate whether breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) overexpression sensitizes mammary cancer cells to statins. (nih.gov)
  • MCF-7 cells, which have only one wild-type BRCA1 allele, were transfected with pcDNA3-beta-HA-hsBRCA1 plasmids via liposomes to reconstitute BRCA1 overexpression human breast cancer cell line, and tumoral xenografts with BRCA1 overexpression were subsequently established in BALB/c nude mice. (nih.gov)
  • Then, the inhibitory activity of lovastatin on cancer cells and tumoral xenografts, and the underlying mechanism involving in cell-cycle regulatory proteins were analyzed. (nih.gov)
  • One of the treatments applied in cancer is radiotherapy (RT), a therapeutic modality that uses ionizing radiation to induce damage in unwanted cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Clear cell, papillary cell, and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have now been well characterised thanks to large collaborative projects such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). (springer.com)
  • In this review, we consider what is currently known of the genetic landscape of the commonest subtypes of renal cell cancer (RCC). (springer.com)
  • DRAM2 acts as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer and suppresses the expression of p53. (cancerindex.org)
  • Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine carcinoma that tends to grow rapidly, and accounts for about 15% of all lung cancers. (fredhutch.org)
  • At a time when the idea that cancer had a genetic basis was widely disbelieved, Nowell's results provided the first clear evidence that a particular genetic defect in a single chromosome can lead to a population or clone of identical cells that accumulate in numbers to form a deadly malignancy. (laskerfoundation.org)
  • The tiny Philadelphia chromosome became a clear and consistent marker of CML, a cancer of the myeloid or bone marrow cells, with broad implications for diagnosis and prognosis of disease. (laskerfoundation.org)
  • Recent work has shown that these proteins are also involved in hormonal regulation of breast cancer cells. (ucsc.edu)
  • Cells show extraordinary diversity in size and shape, and cancer cells often have abnormal sizes and shapes. (ucsc.edu)
  • Kim uses stem cells and mouse models of cancer to examine how lncRNAs are involved in epigenetic reprogramming. (ucsc.edu)
  • Recently, various fields have given particular attention to cellular senescence due to the recent discoveries of SASP (a known cancer-causing factor) and senescence-related phenomena in stem cell research. (dojindo.com)
  • The retinoblastoma protein plays a critical role in suppressing the multi-step process of cell migration through the bloodstream, lymphovascular invasion and the metastasis of an aggressive type of breast cancer to the lung, researchers have found. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The retinoblastoma (Rb) protein plays a critical role in suppressing the multi-step process of cell migration through the bloodstream, lymphovascular invasion and the metastasis of an aggressive type of breast cancer to the lung, researchers at the University of Cincinnati (UC) Cancer Institute, the Cincinnati Cancer Center (CCC) and the UC Brain Tumor Center have found. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Our research suggests that Rb inhibits collective cell migration, which in turn inhibits the lymphovascular invasion, the release of cancer cells into the blood circulation and the growth of metastasis," says Samuel Godar, PhD, who led the study while an assistant professor in the Department of Cancer Biology. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Expression of the oncoprotein CD44 is required for the breast cancer cells to move actively through the bloodstream. (sciencedaily.com)
  • They also studied Rb in an animal model, examining its ability to suppress the release of single cancer cells and cancer cell clusters into the bloodstream. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We focus on the role of HPV in the increased incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the head and neck cancer in which HPV is most commonly found ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Head and neck cancer most commonly is of the squamous cell carcinoma type (HNSCC) and includes cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, sinonasal tract, and nasopharynx. (cdc.gov)
  • Cancer cells try to avoid the overproduction of reactive oxygen species by metabolic rearrangements. (hindawi.com)
  • This review describes recent advances in the role of human HMGB proteins and other proteins interacting with them, in cancerous processes related to oxidative stress, with special reference to ovarian and prostate cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • In cancer cells, ROS production is mainly due to overexpression of the NADPH oxidase [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • While a balance between enhanced ROS production and detoxification can be maintained, cancer cells will proliferate and survive. (hindawi.com)
  • Commonly used radio- and chemotherapies are prooxidant strategies that alter cancer cells through ROS modulation and induce cell death [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A prospective of five cervical cancer screening tests assessed the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (who.int)
  • Cancer cells, particularly those arising from the bone marrow or lymphatic system, may have a short generation time, and there usually are a smaller percentage of cells in G0 (resting phase). (msdmanuals.com)
  • A subpopulation of cells within a cancer has the properties of stem cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A cancer may release cells into the circulation at a very early stage of development. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Circulating cancer cells are present in many patients with advanced cancer and even in some with localized disease. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Although most circulating cancer cells die, an occasional cell may penetrate into tissues, generating a metastasis at a distant site. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A Data-Driven, Mathematical Model of Mammalian Cell Cycle Regulation. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • To develop a data-driven model of cell cycle regulation, we used contiguous, dynamic measurements over two time scales (minutes and hours) calculated from static multiparametric cytometry data. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • To investigate the mechanisms of retinal iron regulation, the lab uses conditional knockout mouse models, human retinal tissue, and retinal cell tissue culture. (upenn.edu)
  • As main findings, 23 miRNAs were already identified as being involved in genetic regulation of PCa cell response to RT. (frontiersin.org)
  • A growing body of research shows that human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common and increasing cause of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). (cdc.gov)
  • risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (who.int)
  • Mesquita HB, Gross M, Helzlsouer K, Jacobs EJ, mous cell carcinoma in a high-risk region in Iran. (who.int)
  • Methods: fifteen histological specimens of spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip were obtained from the Department of Oral Pathology, Bahia Federal University. (bvsalud.org)
  • Other markers, such as retinoblastoma and p53, may be related with early steps of carcinogenesis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)
  • Protein kinases represent promising anticancer drug targets. (rcsb.org)
  • Increasing evidence indicates that senescent cells could be a promising new target for therapeutic intervention known as senotherapy, which includes depleting senescent cells, modulating SASP and restoration of senescence inhibitors. (frontiersin.org)
  • Utilizing cell-based and mouse models of p53-deficient, Rb1-deficient SCLC, the authors showed that loss of CREBBP resulted in more aggressive tumor growth and increased death in mice, validating the ability of CREBBP to function as a tumor suppressor in SCLC. (fredhutch.org)
  • Blocking PD-1 or HMGB1 unleashes T cell activation and prolongs survival of mice with Gpx4 -deficient liver tumours. (bmj.com)
  • The mitogenic action of VEGF , a potent hypoxia -induced angiogenic factor , was increased by 2-fold in retinal endothelial cells by the overexpression of PKC beta 1 or beta 2 isoforms and inhibited significantly by the overexpression of a dominant-negative PKC beta 2 isoform but not by the expression of PKC alpha, delta , and zeta isoforms . (bvsalud.org)
  • Senescent cells elicit their fibrogenic actions primarily by secreting an assortment of inflammatory and profibrotic factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (frontiersin.org)
  • We also highlight potential options of targeting senescent cells for the treatment of CKD. (frontiersin.org)
  • We also highlight potential options for targeting senescent cells in developing therapeutics for CKD patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • Furthermore, senescent cells, with the secretory features known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), could produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein1 (MCP-1), to greatly affect the neighboring cells [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • None of the individual biomarkers that have been identified so far have been deemed to be specific to senescent cells. (dojindo.com)
  • The development of drugs that eliminate senescent cells in the body (senolytic drugs) is also attracting the attention of researchers as a possible strategy to extend healthy life expectancy. (dojindo.com)
  • Association of PKC beta 2 isoform with retinoblastoma protein was discovered in retinal endothelial cells , and PKC beta 2 isoform increased retinoblastoma phosphorylation under basal and VEGF -stimulated conditions. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2)In retinal cell culture, study the effects of inflammatory mediators on retinal iron transporters. (upenn.edu)
  • 3) Use FACS to isolate single retinal cell types and determine the effects of iron transporter knockouts on their transcriptome. (upenn.edu)
  • During the synthesis (S) phase of the cell cycle, DNA polymerases incorporate a variety of nucleosides (deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine and thymidine) into the newly extending strands of DNA. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • As a transcription factor whose expression is increased by DNA damage, p53 blocks cell division at the G1 phase of the cell cycle to allow DNA repair. (medscape.com)
  • Some drugs work only during a specific phase of the cell cycle, requiring prolonged administration to catch dividing cells during the phase of maximal sensitivity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cells with even one mutant copy of RB1 have increased basal levels of DNA damage and increased mitotic errors. (bepress.com)
  • Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant childhood intraocular tumor. (molvis.org)
  • Gene ID: 5925, OMIM 614041 ) gene, which encodes a tumor suppressor protein. (molvis.org)
  • This gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein which belongs to a highly conserved subfamily of WD-repeat proteins. (fishersci.com)
  • For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
  • This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)
  • Other reports also show that DN is highly associated with accelerated aging in various types of cells such as tubular cells, podocytes, mesangial cells, and endothelial cells [ 21 - 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This gene is located in a cluster of closely related salivary proline-rich proteins on chromosome 12. (cancerindex.org)
  • Nowell collaborated with the late David Hungerford who, he says, "knew more about chromosomes than I did," and together they made the startling observation that individuals suffering from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) had an abnormally small chromosome in the tumor cells. (laskerfoundation.org)
  • I came to realize that there were many questions about chromosome changes in patients that would be rewarding to study," noted Rowley, and for the next decade she labored over the microscope looking at chromosomes in leukemic cells. (laskerfoundation.org)
  • p16, p21, p53, and pRB (phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein) are known as representative protein markers. (dojindo.com)
  • We identified both gene and protein markers for three temporally distinct ProSG cell subsets, including a migratory cell population with a transcriptome distinct from the previously defined T1- and T2-ProSG stages. (biologists.com)
  • Our results indirectly support the theory that p16 expression is negatively regulated by the functional Rb protein. (nih.gov)
  • By means of oligonucleotide microarray and RNA interference, we reveal that the sensitizing effect of IFN-β was possibly due to attenuation of MGMT expression via induction of the protein p53. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Expression of DCT was absent or barely detected in retina tissues, various human ocular cells, and major organs. (molvis.org)
  • The regulatory elements required for this cell-specific gene expression are likely located within its proximal promoter. (molvis.org)
  • Western blotting confirmed the expression of DRAM2, p53, and the other involved proteins. (cancerindex.org)
  • Re-expression of the retinoblastoma-binding protein 2-homolog 1 reveals tumor-suppressive functions in highly metastatic melanoma cells. (wikigenes.org)
  • The continuous expression of these early oncoproteins can lead to the transformation and immortalization of infected cells. (srce.hr)
  • Carbonic Anhydrase I from human erythrocytes is a protein which is used as a standard pI (isoelectric point) marker for isoelectric focussing experiments. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Reacts with human Retinoblastoma protein (pSer612). (covalab.com)
  • Meriolins display better antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties in human tumor cell cultures than their parent molecules, meridianins and variolins. (rcsb.org)
  • The most common non-clear cell renal cancers have also undergone genomic profiling and are characterised by distinct genomic landscapes. (springer.com)
  • Correlation with outcome needs to be more comprehensively furnished, particularly for small renal masses, rarer non-clear cell renal cancers, and for all tumours undergoing targeted therapy. (springer.com)
  • High mobility group B (HMGB) proteins have been previously related to the onset and progressions of cancers of different origins. (hindawi.com)
  • Metabolically active cells, neutrophils, and macrophages from the immune system produce high levels of ROS. (hindawi.com)
  • Most cells comprising the tumor histologically resemble the cells of an undifferentiated retina of the embryo called retinoblasts. (medscape.com)
  • A high cell production rate may be compensated, almost or fully, by a high cell deletion rate. (bmj.com)
  • He wrote of a malignancy invading the orbit, the temporal region, and the cranium, a picture now strongly suggestive of untreated retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)
  • Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape, attachment, and motility. (cancerindex.org)
  • Here, we show that IFN-β sensitizes glioma cells that harbor the unmethylated MGMT promoter and are resistant to temozolomide. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, because MGMT protein loss may be a result of promoter hypermethylation, it was reported that methylation of the MGMT promoter in gliomas is a useful predictor of the responsiveness to alkylating agents ( 7 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • We also demonstrated that the −657 to +411 DCT promoter fragment efficiently directs RB cell-specific transcription of the luciferase reporter gene in cell lines. (molvis.org)
  • Western Blot: cleaved Retinoblastoma 1 Antibody (172C1094) [NB100-56598] - Analysis in HL60 cells were treated with camptothecin for 24 hours. (novusbio.com)
  • Irreversible cell cycle arrest is one of the phenomena that characterize cellular senescence. (dojindo.com)