• Different cells can release microvesicles from the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The microparticle consists of a plasma membrane surrounding a small amount of cytosol. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microvesicles are small, plasma membrane-derived particles that are released into the extracellular environment by the outward budding and fission of the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microvesicles or ectosomes represent a major type of extracellular vesicles that are formed by outward budding of the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
  • Aside from their precise cargo, they possess prevalent proteins and lipids derived from the endosomes, ER, cytosol, or plasma membrane of the parent cell. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • Exosomes will be the smallest EV sort (ca. 3000 nm), produced by means of the endosomal network and released upon fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • The microvesicles (also known as microparticles or ectosomes) are medium-sized vesicles that vary between 100 and 1000 nm in size and are formed by budding from the plasma membrane. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • Exosomes are extracellular vesicles found in various tissues, blood circulation, and tissue fluids, secreted into the extracellular environment by fusing a multivesicular body with a plasma membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microvesicles (ectosomes, or microparticles) are a type of extracellular vesicle (EV) that are released from the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microvesicles play a role in intercellular communication and can transport molecules such as mRNA, miRNA, and proteins between cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microvesicles may also remove misfolded proteins, cytotoxic agents and metabolic waste from the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microvesicle budding takes place at unique locations on the cell membrane that are enriched with specific lipids and proteins reflecting their cellular origin. (wikipedia.org)
  • At these locations, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are selectively incorporated into microvesicles and released into the surrounding environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • They carry cargo (mRNA, DNA, lipid and specific proteins) from originating cells and transfer to recipient cells, allowing cell-to-cell communication. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • In addition to in vivo and isolated microvessel methods, the cultured endothelial cell monolayer protocol is an important tool that allows for understanding the specific, endothelial subcellular mechanisms that determine permeability of the endothelium to plasma proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • We developed a nanoparticle-based time resolved fluorescence immunoassay (NP-TRFIA) that uses biotinylated antibodies against the proteins of tetraspanin family and tumor-associated antigens for capturing EVs from urine samples and cell culture supernatants without the need for isolation. (nature.com)
  • It was also applied to establish an assay showing differential expression of tumor-associated proteins on more aggressive (higher ITGA3 on DU145- and PC3-EVs) compared to less aggressive (higher EpCAM on LNCaP-EVs) PCa- cell lines derived-EVs. (nature.com)
  • To achieve this, we explored the use of various reporter molecules targeting EVs, which include antibodies specific to tetraspanin family proteins and tumor-associated membrane antigens as well as lectins recognizing the glycan moieties. (nature.com)
  • Depending on the cell of origin, EVs carry effector functions from one cell to the other by horizontal transfer of their bioactive cargoes, including DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. (bmbreports.org)
  • HN - 2020 BX - Ambient Assisted Living BX - Ambient-Assisted Living MH - Animal Proteins, Dietary UI - D000080224 MN - D12.776.256.159 MN - G7.203.300.428.159 MN - J2.500.428.159 MS - DIETARY PROTEINS derived from ANIMALS. (nih.gov)
  • Encapsulated miR-200c act on different proteins that regulates cell cycle pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from various cellular sources and have been known as messengers of cellular transmission through the delivery of lipids, proteins, and biologically active RNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Preferred target cells are dermis or hypodermis cells, and preferred genes for insertion into the target cells are genes which code for proteins or peptides which produce a physiological response in the animal subject. (justia.com)
  • Suggested biological substances are stains such as fluorescent or radiolabeled probes, viruses, organelles, vesicles, proteins such as enzymes or hormones, and nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. (justia.com)
  • T3SS is also called "injectisome" because it enables the secretion and simultaneous injection of effector proteins produced in the prokaryotic cytoplasm across the bacterial envelope and then, through a needle and a translocon complex, into the target eukaryotic cells across their membrane [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Once injected in the eukaryotic cytosol, effector proteins are able to modulate cell signalling pathways, or alternatively disrupt the dynamics of the cytoskeleton, thereby modulating host cell biology for the benefit of the pathogen [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A new microscopy technique that allows proteins, DNA and other tiny biological particles to be studied in their natural state. (healthcare-in-europe.com)
  • Though initially dismissed as cellular debris, microvesicles may reflect the antigenic content of the cell of origin and have a role in cell signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nowadays, it is known that the release of MPs from cells involves the reconstitution of a phospholipid bilayer with the outside of the membrane exposed with phosphatidylserine and change in the cellular organization with the disruption of cytoskeleton architecture [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • MVs are small membrane vesicles released during cellular activation and have important roles in pathological conditions such as cancer [4]. (icthic.com)
  • Nano miR-200c showed efficient cellular uptake in KW-634, 821-T4, and 821-LN cells with important changes in gene expression and new isoforms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Various cell types release these vesicles to contribute to many cellular functions, including intercellular communication, cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, response to stress, and immune system signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In multicellular organisms, microvesicles and other EVs are found both in tissues (in the interstitial space between cells) and in many types of body fluids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Delimited by a phospholipid bilayer, microvesicles can be as small as the smallest EVs (30 nm in diameter) or as large as 1000 nm. (wikipedia.org)
  • Platelets are activated by inflammation, infection, or injury, and after their activation microvesicles containing CD154 are released from platelets. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microvesicles and exosomes are formed and released by two slightly different mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The formation and release of microvesicles involve contractile machinery that draws opposing membranes together before pinching off the membrane connection and launching the vesicle into the extracellular space. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast to microvesicles, which are formed through a process of membrane budding, or exocytosis, exosomes are initially formed by endocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • By participating in these vital activities, microvesicles may impact a wide array of cell processes and, consequently, changes in their concentration or components have been associated with several pathologies. (nih.gov)
  • Of note, microvesicles released by leukocytes, red blood cells, and platelets, which constitute the vast majority of plasma microvesicles, change under a plethora of diseases affecting not only the hematological, but also the nervous, cardiovascular, and urinary systems, among others. (nih.gov)
  • The apoptotic bodies are released similar to microvesicles by cells undergoing apoptosis, and their size may perhaps exceed 1000 nm, but not necessarily. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • Although microvesicles and exosomes are formed at different locations, there is significant overlap in their intracellular mechanisms and sorting machinery, and both involve membrane-trafficking processes. (bmbreports.org)
  • Furthermore, EV generation pathways may differ by producing cells, therefore, this nomenclature of exosomes and microvesicles is still questionable. (bmbreports.org)
  • 2) They can release microvesicles (MVs) that can promote thrombosis. (icthic.com)
  • An emerging approach for cancer treatment employs the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs), specifically exosomes and microvesicles, as delivery vehicles. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • We previously demonstrated that microvesicles can functionally deliver plasmid DNA to cells and showed that plasmid size and sequence, in part, determine the delivery efficiency. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • We demonstrated that MCs can be loaded into shed microvesicles with greater efficiency than their parental plasmid counterparts and that microvesicle-mediated MC delivery led to significantly higher and more prolonged transgene expression in recipient cells than microvesicles loaded with the parental plasmid. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Microvesicles loaded with MCs encoding a thymidine kinase (TK)/nitroreductase (NTR) fusion protein produced prolonged TK-NTR expression in mammary carcinoma cells. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • These results suggest that MC delivery via microvesicles can mediate gene transfer to an extent that enables effective prodrug conversion and tumor cell death such that it comprises a promising approach to cancer therapy. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Introduction Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous, phospholipid bilayer-bordered subcellular structures secreted by both pro- and eukaryotic cells spontaneously, upon stimulation or for the duration of apoptosis [1]. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EV) are extracellular structures bounded by a phospholipid bilayer and released by different cell types in biological fluids (blood, urine, synovial fluids) through various mechanisms. (unicyte.ch)
  • Vesicles (ISEV) recommend using the term "extracellular vesicles" as "the generic term for particles naturally released from the cell that are delimited by a lipid bilayer and cannot replicate" [2]. (unicyte.ch)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 40 to 1000 nm sized membranous particles which are secreted by most of the cells and found in the bodily fluids like urine, plasma and saliva 1 . (nature.com)
  • Structured microparticles or particles with cavities differ from traditional solid or hollow microspheres. (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • Exosomes are formed by invagination within a cell to create an intracellular vesicle called an endosome, or an endocytic vesicle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to their effectiveness as intracellular vesicles transporting miR-200c into, out, and between parts of the cells, miR-200c is encapsulated with cholesterol, an integral part of the biological membranes with very important physical properties of the vehicle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • found that aspirin therapy inhibits vascular wall cell activation and microparticle shedding by VSMC, suggesting a therapeutic target to lower microparticles released from cells can prevent the progression of the disease such as diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis [ 17 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized pArtículos with attractive therapeutic potential for cardiac repair. (unav.edu)
  • Since the number of EVs naturally secreted by cells is finite and they usually bear specific repertoires of bioactive molecules to perform manifold cell-cell communication, but not one particular therapeutic function as expected, their practical application is still limited. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell-specific targeting can be achieved by attaching therapeutic agents to individually designed carriers. (ijpsr.com)
  • Recent developments in nanotechnology have shown that nanocarriers, due to their small sizes, exhibit optimized physicochemical and biological properties that make them easily taken up by cells so that they can be successfully used as delivery tools for currently available therapeutic agents 7 . (ijpsr.com)
  • These natural nanoparticles have therapeutic effects in various diseases and exhibit a behavior similar to the cell from which they originated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The significant capability of MSCs to proliferate in vitro and differentiate into different cells introduces these cells as therapeutic agents for regenerating necrotic cells or for connective tissue apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At present, significant advances have been made in stem cell technology with good therapeutic prospects for treating different diseases such as respiratory diseases [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the short half-life due to small molecular weight and rapid enzymatic degradation in vivo limits the therapeutic potential of this molecule [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The co-administration of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in hydrogels (HGs) has emerged as a powerful strategy to enhance the efficient integration of transplanted cells in Parkinson's disease (PD). (unav.edu)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising potential to regenerate periodontal tissue in various preclinical and clinical studies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Different cell types such as bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs), periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are key stem cells used in stem cell-based periodontal regeneration [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have unique biological properties due to their stem cell nature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other investigations have indicated that most injected MSCs are commonly trapped in the liver, spleen, and lungs and that a small number of these cells reach the damaged site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The release of the medium-sized EVs is related probably with the alter of your membrane asymmetry as phosphatidylserine (PS) is exposed inside the outer leaflet. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EV) are microparticles released in biological fluids by different cell types, both in physiological and pathological conditions. (unicyte.ch)
  • Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown potent anti-inflammatory function in various pathological conditions, such as osteoarthritis and neurodegenerative diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the meantime, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells have attracted the attention of many researchers and physicians due to their unique ability to modulate the immune system, repair tissue and reduce inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In a clinical trial on patients with cirrhosis, it was shown that mesenchymal stem cells were trapped in the lungs in the early hours after injection into peripheral blood and that they left the lungs after 48 h, migrated to the liver and spleen, and remained in these tissues for several days [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We ve been able for the first time to generate fully functional human cartilage from mesenchymal stem cells by mimicking in vitro the developmental process of mesenchymal condensation, says Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic (pictured), who led the study and is the Mikati Foundation Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Columbia Engineering and professor of medical sciences. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Sarindr Bhumiratana, postdoctoral fellow in Vunjak-Novakovic s Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, came up with a new approach: inducing the mesenchymal stem cells to undergo a condensation stage as they do in the body before starting to make cartilage. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • In trauma, tissue damage leads to release of TF and other tissue thromboplastins. (medscape.com)
  • Because of the rich TF content of brain tissue, massive head injuries are often complicated by DIC, and data suggest that the release of procoagulant-rich microparticles occurs after brain injury. (medscape.com)
  • Studies have shown that cell-to-cell mitochondrial transfer plays an essential role in regulating cardiovascular system development and maintaining normal tissue homeostasis under physiological conditions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Many bioreactors are used to grow cells or tissues for use in tissue engineering. (nih.gov)
  • Recent research has reported that a large number of stable miRNAs derived from various organs/tissue exist in body fluids, and these miRNAs are promising as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of cancer and other immune-related diseases via expression profiling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tissue factor (TF) is an integral membrane protein that is essential to life. (hindawi.com)
  • 1) On their membrane, they express tissue factor (TF), a procoagulant protein critical to cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). (icthic.com)
  • This suggests the role of stem cell-released signaling molecules and factors on tissue regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MSC migrate to the inflammation site through adhesion molecules and integrins such as VCAM-1 and VLA-4, affecting the damaged tissue through cell-cell contact and secretion of various trophic factors [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This invention relates to the transformation of animal cells and tissue with heterologous DNA by microprojectile bombardment. (justia.com)
  • The use of particle bombardment for the transformation of animal tissue or cells has received comparatively little attention. (justia.com)
  • and (c) human gene therapy for sickle cell anemia by the particle-mediated transformation of bone marrow tissue at page 22, lines 8-9. (justia.com)
  • Researchers have developed 3D printed artificial heart valves designed to allow a patient's own cells to form new tissue. (healthcare-in-europe.com)
  • Researchers at Columbia Engineering announced today that they have successfully grown fully functional human cartilage in vitro from human stem cells derived from fat tissue. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Many groups studied cartilage as an apparently simple tissue: one single cell type, no blood vessels or nerves, a tissue built for bearing loads while protecting bone ends in the joints. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • The general approach to cartilage tissue engineering has been to place cells into a hydrogel and culture them in the presence of nutrients and growth factors and sometimes also mechanical loading. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • This project is a wonderful example that we need to think as a cell to find out how exactly to coax the cells into making a functional human tissue of a specific kind. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • However, mice with PA lung infection demonstrated increased mRNA expression in the brain of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ß, IL-6, and TNF-α), chemokines (CXCL-1, CXCL-2) and adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) along with CD11b + CD45+ cell recruitment, corresponding to their increased blood levels of white cells (polymorphonuclear cells) and cytokines. (bvsalud.org)
  • To confirm the direct effect of cytokines on endothelial permeability, we measured cell-cell adhesive barrier resistance and junction morphology in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell monolayers, where administration of IL-1ß induced a significant reduction of barrier function coupled with tight junction (TJ) and adherens junction (AJ) diffusion and disorganization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Tumor cells can secrete cytokines that induce the switch of neutrophils from N1 to N2 type. (icthic.com)
  • Moreover, N2 neutrophils secrete inflammatory cytokines that promote cancer cell migration and invasion [2]. (icthic.com)
  • Mitochondria not only serve as power plants in cells but also act as crucial regulators in many biological processes, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, redox balance, calcium homeostasis, protein quality control, and programmed cell death ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Given the complexity of the biological function of mitochondria, researchers have begun to consider rescuing the injured cells through mitochondrial transfer, that is, replacing damaged mitochondria with healthy mitochondria from donor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs), membrane-bound vesicles released by cells into the extracellular space, have crucial functions in cell-cell communication and control a variety of biological processes [ 16 - 20 ]. (thno.org)
  • Interestingly, EV have a role in different biological processes including cell proliferation and differentiation, inflammation, immune signaling, angiogenesis, and stress responses [1]. (unicyte.ch)
  • No. 06/877,619, titled "Method for Transporting Substances Into Living Cells and Tissues and Apparatus Therefor," concerns the introduction of biological materials into cells by microprojectile bombardment. (justia.com)
  • To develop new drugs, detailed knowledge about nature's smallest biological building blocks is required. (healthcare-in-europe.com)
  • The membrane of the endothelial microparticle contains receptors and other cell surface molecules which enable the identification of the endothelial origin of the microparticle, and allow it to be distinguished from microparticles from other cells, such as platelets. (wikipedia.org)
  • The endothelial microparticles in some of these disease states have been shown to have arrays of cell surface molecules reflecting a state of endothelial dysfunction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Molecular communications in many instances take place through transmission of molecules packaged into microcapsules known as vesicles or exosomes. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)
  • Because of their substantial surface to volume ratio, they may be very efficient for surface interactions with cells and extracellular molecules. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • PA also caused significant BBB dysfunction characterized by leakage of different sized molecules across cerebral microvessels and a decreased expression of cell-cell junctions (VE-cadherin, claudin-5) in the brain. (bvsalud.org)
  • An in vitro study revealed that EC-MP treatment affects the various angiogenesis parameters by reducing endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, decreasing capillary formation and increasing apoptosis [ 12 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Glomerular endothelial cell (GEC) injury is one of the crucial causes of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). (researchsquare.com)
  • We tested the hypothesis that (1) platelet-derived activated microparticles (PDAc- MPs) and endothelial-derived activated (EDAc)-MPs were significantly higher after carotid stenting (CS) than before CS in carotid artery (CA) (defined as systemic circulation) and internal jugular vein (IJV) (defined as cerebral circulation) and (2) significantly correlated with necrotic area in CA stenosis measured by virtual histology intra-vascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) prior to CS. (jneuropsychiatry.org)
  • Neutrophils are the first immune cells recruited to inflammatory sites and resist circulating pathogens with their microbicidal activity. (icthic.com)
  • Neutrophils and tumor cells influence each other, and neutrophils can play a role in cancer development. (icthic.com)
  • For example, neutrophils enhance the secretion of chemokines during cancer development, and cancer cells secrete chemokines that induce neutrophils to migrate to the primary tumor [2]. (icthic.com)
  • Their formation is catalyzed by peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), and neutrophils release them into the extracellular environment in defense against pathogens. (icthic.com)
  • NETs can support neutrophils' pro-tumoral role as they are involved in tumor growth and dissemination and the awakening of dormant cancer cells. (icthic.com)
  • Extracellular vesicles, or EVs, are a heterogeneous population of vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer. (bmbreports.org)
  • Here, we developed a versatile hydrogel wound dressing, comprising a straightforward physical mixture of royal jelly-derived extracellular vesicles (RJ-EVs) and methacrylic anhydride modified sericin (SerMA), to accelerate wound healing by inhibiting inflammation and promoting vascular reparation. (thno.org)
  • The RJ-EVs can be gradually released from the SerMA hydrogel at the wound site, ensuring the restorative effect of RJ-EVs. (thno.org)
  • In a full-thickness skin defect model, the SerMA/RJ-EVs hydrogel dressing accelerated wound healing with a healing rate of 96.8% by improving cell proliferation and angiogenesis. (thno.org)
  • Biomaterials can be derived from nature or synthesized in the laboratory using metallic components, polymers , ceramics, or composite materials. (nih.gov)
  • Anti-inflammatory effects of EVs were investigated on RAW264.7 cells in vitro and in the allogeneic skin transplantation model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endothelial microparticles have been found to prevent apoptosis in recipient cells by inhibiting the p38 pathway via inactivating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MKP)-1. (wikipedia.org)
  • MP release is triggered by inducer that can cause cell apoptosis or activation [ 1 ] and are generated by any type of body cells such as platelets, endothelial cells, leukocytes, smooth muscle cells, and erythrocytes [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Quorum's sensing enters in for both intra-and inter-species communications when cells act in concert, such as Staphylococcus bacteria in an infection deciding to form a biofilm or release virulence factors, or when immune system cells coordinate a defense. (anti-agingfirewalls.com)
  • Endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and other inflammatory mediators induce expression of TF in endothelial cells and monocytes, where only small amounts are normally expressed. (medscape.com)
  • Histiocytoses encompass a group of diverse proliferative disorders characterized by the accumulation and infiltration of variable numbers of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells in the affected tissues. (medscape.com)
  • The resulting formulation enables targeted delivery of RvD1 to the injury site by hijacking circulating chemotactic monocytes, while achieving locally controlled release. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many cells, both healthy, and tumor cells, produce detectable amounts of TF, especially when they are stimulated by various agents. (hindawi.com)
  • NETs might trap circulating cancer cells at the dissemination site, facilitating the adhesion of circulating tumor cells to form metastases [2]. (icthic.com)
  • Newly disseminated tumor cells that disseminated into distant organs can enter a state of dormancy that can last for weeks, months, even years, or decades before forming metastasis. (icthic.com)
  • However, these cells will eventually exit the quiescent state and produce metastasis, and NETs can initiate the reactivation of dormant tumor cells. (icthic.com)
  • In vivo delivery of TK-NTR and administration of prodrugs led to the effective killing of both targeted cells and surrounding tumor cells via TK-NTR-mediated conversion of co-delivered prodrugs into active cytotoxic agents. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • In vivo evaluation of the bystander effect in mouse models demonstrated that for effective therapy, at least 1% of tumor cells need to be delivered with TK-NTR-encoding MCs. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • It is a multinodular lesion presenting with a bicellular pattern of proliferating epithelial and myoepithelial cells, which are regularly distributed in the glandular structures. (nih.gov)
  • The image above is a pseudo-colored SEM image taken of the BETA membrane with seeded alveolar epithelial A549 cells. (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • Pro-atherogenic inducer such as TNF-α, thrombin, and lysophosphatidylcholine can generate MPs by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) [ 16 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • VSMC-microparticles (VSMC-MP) possesses protein such as caveolin-1 [ 16 ] and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) [ 17 ] obtained from originating VSMC, making it delectable in an experimental setting by labeling VSMC-MP with either caveolin-1 or α-SMA. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • EC, VSMC and macrophage are three important cell types involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis either in initiation steps or later progression of vascular inflammation [ 16 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Previously, we have shown that VSMC-MP promotes the proliferation of VSMC through the upregulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK) and proliferative cell nuclear antigen to facilitate vascular inflammation [ 19 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • This small RNA can suppress the expression level of nuclear protein LIN-14 and thus regulates the development of nematodes [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite the relative simplicity and small size of TF, there are numerous contradictory reports about the synthesis and presentation of TF on blood cells and circulation in normal blood either on microparticles or as a soluble protein. (hindawi.com)
  • TF is an integral transmembrane protein expressed by various cells, is a component of the factor VIIa-TF complex enzyme and is essential for normal hemostasis [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Besides the discrepancy between the increasing number of transcripts and a small number of known protein-coding genes can be explained by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) ( 9 ). (amegroups.org)
  • The B-Raf protein is involved in sending signals inside cells which are involved in directing cell growth. (sb590885inhibitor.com)
  • The RJ-EVs showed satisfactory anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and significantly promoted L929 cell proliferation and migration in vitro . (thno.org)
  • A measure of how a biomaterial interacts in the body with the surrounding cells, tissues and other factors. (nih.gov)
  • The diverse constituents of EVs can reflect the altered states of cells or tissues during virus infection, thereby offering a diagnostic readout. (bmbreports.org)
  • They may increase local vascular permeability that facilitates the extravasation of cancer cells into the surrounding tissues [2]. (icthic.com)
  • They are widely involved in important life processes such as cell differentiation and ontogeny, and their abnormal expression is closely related to various human diseases. (amegroups.org)
  • In pathological conditions, damaged cells transfer dysfunctional mitochondria toward recipient cells to ask for help and take up exogenous functional mitochondria to alleviate injury. (frontiersin.org)
  • Studies have shown that cells can eliminate defective mitochondria by delivering them to recipient cells (such as macrophages) to maintain homeostasis. (frontiersin.org)
  • And the released mitochondria can also act as a distress signal to activate the rescue properties of recipient cells ( 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • They demonstrated that transferring functional mitochondria of bone marrow-derived stem cells to defective parenchymal cells increases the aerobic respiration capacity of recipient mitochondria ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • A variety of stem cell exosomes have been used to effectively promote wound repair [ 7 - 9 ]. (thno.org)
  • Normal histiocytes originate from pluripotent stem cells, which can be found in bone marrow. (medscape.com)
  • Stem cell-based periodontal regeneration is currently at the center of attention [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This review article discusses the biogenesis and sources of exosomes, MSC-derived exosomes, the use of these exosomes in regenerative medicine, and treatments based on exosomes derived from stem cells in respiratory diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While there has been great success in engineering pieces of cartilage using young animal cells, no one has, until now, been able to reproduce these results using adult human stem cells from bone marrow or fat, the most practical stem cell source. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • But using this technique with adult human stem cells has invariably produced mechanically weak cartilage. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Stem cells are transforming the future of medicine, offering ways to overcome some of the human body s fundamental limitations. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • We bioengineers are now working with stem cell scientists and clinicians to develop technologies that will make this dream possible. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • This paper testimonials existing knowledge around the functional alterations initiated by neutrophil-derived EVs, listing their effects in line with the triggering agents and target cells. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • We summarize the presence of neutrophil-derived EVs in Enterovirus Purity & Documentation pathological processes and their perspectives in diagnostics and therapy. (hatinhibitor.com)
  • In addition, neutrophil-derived MVs may contain myeloperoxidase (MPO), which plays a role in thrombus propagation [5]. (icthic.com)
  • This image from a study published in Small by Kristi Anseth and colleagues at the University of Colorado Boulder report a new ink made from self-assembling nanoparticles and a microgel to overcome limitations in 3D bioprinting. (advancedsciencenews.com)
  • They also have infiltrated our bodies as microparticles (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs), found even in placentas supporting foetal life. (healthcare-in-europe.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Lung bacterial infection is associated with BBB disruption and behavioral changes, which are mediated by systemic cytokine release. (bvsalud.org)
  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) can be localized and manifest as pain or may even be asymptomatic, as is the case in isolated bone lesions. (medscape.com)
  • EVs may reflect the pathophysiological condition of the cells they originate from and thus may hold a key for a breakthrough in the field of non-invasive diagnostics 4 . (nature.com)
  • During normal physiological and abnormal pathophysiological conditions, all cells release membrane vesicles, termed extracellular vesicles (EVs). (bmbreports.org)
  • First described as "platelet dust" by Peter Wolf in 1967, in recent years EV have gained interest as a commonly recognized important player in cell-to-cell communication, both in physiological and pathological conditions. (unicyte.ch)
  • TF is expressed by cells of the subendothelium (smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts), whereas various stimuli may induce leukocytes and endothelial cells to express TF. (medscape.com)
  • Microparticles are produced by macrophage cells in response to various stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), poly (I:C), actinomycin D [ 14 ] [ 15 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • NETs promote tumor cell growth by enhancing their mitochondrial functions [6]. (icthic.com)
  • The functions of miR-200c were determined in non-metastatic KW-634 and metastatic 821-T4 and 821-LN mouse lung cancer cell lines after various Nano vehicle treatments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nowadays, more and more studies have revealed that cells in the cardiovascular system (such as cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, et al. (frontiersin.org)
  • Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) is the essential mechanism of vascular endothelial repair, which damages by diabetic pathology. (researchsquare.com)
  • These processes result in the release of intercellular signaling vesicles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Little is known about miR-200c involvement in regulatory processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In a mouse model of myocardial ischemia repefusuin (MI/R) injury, intravenous injection of our formula resulted in the enrichment of RvD1 in the injured area, which in turn promotes clearance of dead cells, production of specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs), and angiogenesis during injury repair, effectively improving cardiac function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although circulating endothelial microparticles can be found in the blood of normal individuals, increased numbers of circulating endothelial microparticles have been identified in individuals with certain diseases, including hypertension and cardiovascular disorders, and pre-eclampsia and various forms of vasculitis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, endothelial microparticles may be useful as an indicator or index of the functional state of the endothelium in disease, and may potentially play key roles in the pathogenesis of certain diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Owing to their ability to carry and transfer biomolecules, EV are mediators of cell-to-cell communication and are involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. (unicyte.ch)
  • Encapsulated miR-200c efficiently enhances bioavailability, pharmacokinetics of therapeutics and targeting to cells, improves efficacy and provides potential cure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All of the above make RvD1 a potential small molecule drug targeting macrophages to promote cardiac repair after MI/R injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Secondly, the number of macrophages, as the main effector cells of RvD1, began to increase and influential only after 2 days and later, while the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect was significantly diminished 24 h after MI/R injury [ 26 , 27 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Efficient removal of dead cells and timely resolution of inflammation are exactly the keys to the restoration of cardiac function after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Structural Engineering of Fluorescent Self-Threaded Peptide Probes for Targeted Cell Imaging. (nd.edu)
  • Generalizable synthesis of bioresponsive near-infrared fluorescent probes: sulfonated heptamethine cyanine prototype for imaging cell hypoxia. (nd.edu)