Cells release mediators. Medical search. Frequent questions

An interconnection between tissue inflammation and regeneration has been established through the regulation of defense and repair mechanisms within diseased dental tissue triggered by the release of immune-resolvent mediators. (mdpi.com)
Senescent cells contribute to inflammation, cellular dysfunction, and disease in all body systems. (nih.gov)
4. Down-regulation of the non-neuronal acetylcholine synthesis and release machinery in acute allergic airway inflammation of rat and mouse. (nih.gov)
Mast cells normally trigger inflammation during an allergic reaction. (medlineplus.gov)
Our findings indicate an important protective role for mast cells to signal avoidance behaviour, which, when heeded, prevents or reduces inflammation driven by repeated confrontations between the immune system and innocuous substances. (nature.com)
When activated, mast cells rapidly release potent vasoactive and inflammatory substances that cause immediate allergic reactions and can lead to chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling. (nih.gov)
The identification and characterization of the signals in the tissue environment that regulate mast cell activation, the intracellular signaling pathways subsequently initiated, and the soluble mediators and extracellular vesicles released by activated mast cells, are key to the understanding of the underlying causes of allergic inflammation and mast cell-related diseases. (nih.gov)
The lab focusses in understanding mast cell responses, their regulation, and the impact of mast cell-derived products in inflammation and disease. (nih.gov)
As a result, fluid can accumulate in the lungs and inflammation mediators are excessively produced and released into the blood. (uni-ulm.de)
then, we discuss the importance of the gut-brain axis as well as the role of oxidative stress and inflammation as mediators of the pathological processes in which dysbiosis is involved. (hindawi.com)
During a typical immune response, your body sends eosinophils to sites of inflammation, where they release inflammatory mediators, which are substances intended to fight infection. (healthline.com)
Guided by that theory, the VA-Pitt team looked for differences in the levels of certain "inflammatory mediators"-chemicals that are released from cells and help form the body's inflammation response. (va.gov)

and c) host cell-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. interleukin 1s), host-derived pro-inflammatory chemokines (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
The mast cells are maintained in the tissue and mucosal surfaces by cytokines such as IL-9 and stem cell factor. (medscape.com)
In addition to the direct injury caused by the virus, the damaged tissue releases molecules that trigger a hyperinflammatory reaction, with excessively high levels of cytokines and cell chemicals that result in further toxicity to various organs. (news-medical.net)
Mast cells can be activated by allergens via IgE receptors bound to allergen/IgE complexes, but also by neurotransmitters, cytokines and other stimulants in tissues. (nih.gov)
Collectively taken, miRNAs can be viewed as a new regulatory layer of inflammatory reactions operating as intracellular effectors of well-known pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, including PAMPs and DAMPs, inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory cytokines and macrophage polarizing factors (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
Apart from the cytokines, other mediators can send signals from the gut to the brain through the vagus nerve. (hindawi.com)
This is followed by the release of inflammatory mediators, for example, cytokines and reactive oxygen species. (intechopen.com)
Adlay bran extract reduced the release of histamines and cytokines and suppressed the production of Akt. (greenmedinfo.com)
To evaluate the anti-allergic effects of adlay bran, the release of histamines and cytokines were measured using ELISA. (greenmedinfo.com)
Epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM) are integrated in the periodontal ligament and have been found to secrete several growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules and associated proteins. (scielo.org.za)

CD23a is expressed by antigen-activated B cells before differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells, whereas CD23b expression is induced by IL-4 on a variety of inflammatory cells, B cells and epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
[ 28 ] DCs extend their processes between the epithelial cells lining the airway lumen or surface. (medscape.com)
[ 29 ] They form tight junctions with adjacent epithelial cells and detect allergenic molecules without disturbing the epithelial barrier. (medscape.com)
Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells play an important role in the immune defense of the eye and their dysfunction leads to the progressive irreversible degeneration of photoreceptors. (nih.gov)
Extensive lymphocyte severe infections is a massive loss of lymphocytes, den- apoptosis has also occurred in humans and animals infect- dritic cells, gastrointestial epithelial cells, and other cell ed with several exotic agents, including Bacillus anthracis , types through apoptosis, or programmed cell death. (cdc.gov)
TGF-β is a very potent growth inhibitor of primary human mammary epithelial cells. (springer.com)
Cannabidiol differentially regulates basal and LPS-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages, lung epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. (nih.gov)
Immunotoxicological effects of CBD containing liquids were assessed by hypothesizing that CBD regulates oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammatory responses in macrophages, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts.Epithelial cells (BEAS-2B and NHBE), macrophages (U937), and lung fibroblast cells (HFL-1) were treated with varying CBD concentrations or exposed to CBD aerosols. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, monocytes and epithelial cells were stimulated with LPS in combination with CBD or dexamethasone to understand the anti-inflammatory effects of CBD.CBD showed differential effects on IL-8 and MCP-1, and acellular and cellular ROS levels. (nih.gov)
It is an inflammatory response to infections of the bronchial epithelium of the large airways of the lungs that begins with mucosal injury, epithelial cell damage and release of proinflammatory mediators. (mims.com)
Epithelial cell rests of Malassez: From quiescent remnants to front-runners in periodontal homeostasis and regeneration. (scielo.org.za)
In recent years, research has been directed towards elucidating the physiological role played by the epithelial cell rests of Malassez within the periodontal ligament and surrounding alveolar bone. (scielo.org.za)
Reviews on this topic are infrequent in the dental literature and the notable advances regarding the cytokine profile of the epithelial cell rests of Malassez and their autocrine and paracrine roles in the periodontal tissues make it opportune to review their physiological roles in maintaining periodontal health. (scielo.org.za)
Furthermore, experiments have established that epithelial cell rests of Malassez contain stem cells that can undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, placing these cells at the centre of periodontal regeneration. (scielo.org.za)
A literature search was performed on 17th February, 2015, using the term "epithelial cell rests of Malassez" which produced 159 results. (scielo.org.za)
Epithelial cell rests of Malassez were first described by Augustin Serres in 1817. (scielo.org.za)
2 Later Louis-Charles Malassez provided a full description of their morphology and distribution in 1884 and noted that these epithelial cells persist to form part of the adult periodontal ligament. (scielo.org.za)
3 Epithelial cell rests of Malassez are characterised as bundles of epithelial cells with darkly stained nuclei that are arranged as an interconnected network throughout the periodontal ligament 4 ( Figures 1 and 2 ). (scielo.org.za)
Epithelial cell rests of Malassez originate from the degeneration of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath to form quiescent cell rests that persist as the sole epithelial cells in the periodontium. (scielo.org.za)

M2 release anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10 and TGF-$\beta$ and tissue repair associated growth factors. (unifr.ch)

CD8+ T cells have been identified as important mediators of blister formation. (merckmanuals.com)

In vitro studies with adult human bronchoalveolar cells showed that nedocromil sodium inhibits histamine release from a population of mast cells having been defined as belonging to the mucosal sub type and inhibits beta-glucuronidase release from macrophages. (nih.gov)
Mucosal mast cells lining the stomach and small intestine rapidly sensed antigen ingestion. (nature.com)
Mucosal mast cells lining the stomach and small intestine rapidly respond to ingested antigens. (nature.com)
These specimens also showed a reduction in another immune modulator, CD4 cells, as well as in the release of tumour-necrosis factor from immune cells along the mucosal lining. (alive.com)
The treatment with ketotifen prevented hypermotility and mast cell hyperplasia and diminished mucosal mast cell activity. (aspetjournals.org)
We assessed colonic mast cell infiltration, mediator release, and spatial interactions with mucosal innervation and their correlation with abdominal pain in IBS patients. (nih.gov)
Colonic mucosal mast cells were identified immunohistochemically and quantified with a computer-assisted counting method. (nih.gov)
Colonic mast cell infiltration and mediator release in proximity to mucosal innervation may contribute to abdominal pain perception in IBS patients. (nih.gov)

ACE2 is highly expressed on the epithelium of the nasopharyngeal airway, the type II pneumocytes of the alveoli, vascular endothelial cells, and the macrophages of the lung tissue. (news-medical.net)
Cytokine and nitric oxide release by J774A.1 macrophages is not regulated by estradiol. (cdc.gov)
This suggests that J774A.1 cells grown under these culture conditions would be useful for the investigation of non-estrogen-dependent mechanisms by which certain endocrine disruptors may affect their targets in macrophages. (cdc.gov)
First, proinflammatory (M1) macrophages release pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-$\alpha$ , IFN-$\gamma$) to recruit phagocytic cells for the removal of the necrotic tissues. (unifr.ch)
CBD significantly attenuated LPS-induced NF-κB activity, IL-8, and MCP-1 release from macrophages. (nih.gov)
In particular, it is important to understand the pathways between macrophages, astrocytes, and neuronal cells with regard to inflammatory mediators and regulators of gene expression, such as miRNAs, that lead to HAND. (nih.gov)

This is called the cytokine storm and is seen in some other conditions, such as the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) seen with CAR T-cell therapy in some cancers. (news-medical.net)
CBD and dexamethasone treatments reduced the IL-8 level induced by LPS when the cells were treated individually, but showed antagonistic effects when used in combination via MCPIP (monocytic chemotactic protein-induced protein).CBD differentially regulated basal pro-inflammatory response and attenuated both LPS-induced cytokine release and NF-κB activity in monocytes, similar to dexamethasone. (nih.gov)
ma-yuen Stapf) on chemical mediator release and cytokine production in rat basophilic leukemia cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
Moreover, the ABE-EtOAc subfractions suppressed the secretion of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the RBL-2H3 cells, indicating that adlay bran can inhibit cytokine secretion in the late phase of the allergic reaction. (greenmedinfo.com)
1999. Response of normal human keratinocytes to sulfur mustard (HD): Cytokine release using a non-enzymatic detachment procedure. (cdc.gov)

During degranulation, the membrane of mast cell granules fuses with the plasma membrane and exposes the contents into the external environment. (medscape.com)
A 40.8μg/mL concentration of the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanolic extracts of adlay bran (ABE-EtOAc) effectively inhibited mast cell degranulation. (greenmedinfo.com)
The histamine released during exercise seems to result from mast cell degranulation as well as de novo synthesis of histamine. (lww.com)
Collectively, the results revealed that fCD23 can inhibit degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells. (ncl.edu.tw)

She conducted seminal work on the intracellular generation of the lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its role in various biological processes. (nih.gov)
Scientists have discovered a lipid mediator in blood that plays a key role in maintaining the balance between the build-up and breakdown of bone. (nih.gov)

Since extracellular adenosine can alter adenylate cyclase activity and cell function in a variety of tissues, the effect of adenosine on mediator release was studied with isolated rat mast cells. (aai.org)
These studies indicate that adenosine may be an important modulator of mast cell function in complex tissues and that part of the pharmacologic action of theophylline in human bronchial asthma may be through inhibition of adenosine binding, rather than direct effects on cyclic AMP metabolism. (aai.org)
Systemic mastocytosis occurs when white blood cells called mast cells, which are produced in bone marrow, abnormally accumulate in one or more tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
In systemic mastocytosis, excess mast cells mean more mediator proteins are being released in the tissues where the cells accumulate, leading to an increased immune response. (medlineplus.gov)
Mast cells are haematopoietic cells residing in barrier tissues exposed to internal and external environments 6 . (nature.com)
In addition, the finding of small extracellular vesicles released by neoplastic mast cells and activated mast cells have opened new avenues for investigating the influence of mast cells in tissues and how they may affect pathology. (nih.gov)
The metastasis of breast cancer cells to remote tissues is not a random process. (springer.com)
As part of an immune response to foreign pathogens, histamine is produced by basophils and by mast cells found in nearby connective tissues. (onteenstoday.com)
Histamine increases the permeability of the capillaries to white blood cells and some proteins, to allow them to engage pathogens in the infected tissues. (onteenstoday.com)
When mast cells and basophils are destroyed, their stores of histamine and other allergy mediators are released into the surrounding tissues and blood. (bibalex.org)

An allergic inflammatory response is a sequential interaction between various inflammatory and structural cells through their chemical messengers, which together lead to symptoms of allergy. (medscape.com)
During an allergic response, the allergen is captured by a preexisting complex of an IgE antibody bound to its high-affinity receptor FcRI on the membrane of mast cells and basophils. (medscape.com)
In the context of barrier damage, mast cells are integrated in type 2 immunity and, together with immunoglobulin E (IgE), promote allergic diseases. (nature.com)
Mast cells also play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, and in disorders such as mastocytosis, where mast cells abnormally accumulate in different organs, and cause allergy-like symptoms, for example flushing, hives, itching, abdominal pain and anaphylaxis. (nih.gov)
Our studies have shed light on previously unrecognized pathways mediating allergic stimulation of mast cells and pathways that drive dysregulated mast cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
During these years, she studied signaling networks regulating mast cell activation and allergic hypersensitivity reactions, including sphingosine-1-phosphate and its receptors. (nih.gov)
In 2013, Dr. Olivera joined the laboratory of Dr. Dean Metcalfe as a Staff Scientist in the Mast Cell Biology Section of the Laboratory of Allergic Diseases (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIAID). (nih.gov)
Which cells would release heparin and histamine in an allergic response? (onteenstoday.com)
Which type of cell releases histamine for an allergic response? (onteenstoday.com)
What is a substance that is released in allergic inflammatory reaction? (onteenstoday.com)
Histamine is a chemical present in cells throughout the body that is released during an allergic reaction. (onteenstoday.com)
Histamine is a potent inflammatory mediator, commonly associated with allergic reactions, promoting vascular and tissue changes and possessing high chemoattractant activity. (onteenstoday.com)
Antihistamines seek to prevent allergic symptoms caused by histamine released by mast cells. (medindia.net)
We investigated the anti-allergic effects of adlay bran on rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
These combined effects influenced the signal transduction in RBL-2H3 cells, thereby revealing the mechanisms of the anti-allergic effects of adlay. (greenmedinfo.com)
Although the upstream signal that results in release of histamine within exercising skeletal muscle remains to be identified, it is likely a fundamental exercise response and not an allergic reaction. (lww.com)
The B-cells of an allergic person, "misinformed" at the genetic level, lead to the production of large quantities of IgE antibodies that attach themselves to mast cells throughout the body, which is scientifically known under the name of sensitizing exposure. (bibalex.org)
Effects of Novel Nanomaterials on Allergic Mediator Release from Human Mast Cells and Basoph. (uncg.edu)

When mast cells are activated by an environmental trigger, they release proteins (called mediators) that signal an immune response. (medlineplus.gov)
Several target molecules have also been identified in intracellular signalling pathways and in cell survival proteins. (medindia.net)
Exosomes contain the molecular constituents of their cells of origin, including proteins, RNA, and signaling complexes. (nih.gov)
Define exosomal cargo (e.g., inflammatory mediators, viral and host proteins, nucleic acids) derived from HIV-infected cells, and determine their potential impact on neuronal apoptosis. (nih.gov)
Lipid droplets (LD) are evolutionarily conserved lipid-enriched organelles with a diverse array of cell- and stimulus-regulated proteins. (bvsalud.org)

Asthma results from complex interactions among inflammatory cells, their mediators, airway epithelium and smooth muscle, and the nervous system. (medscape.com)

The mediators released lead to bronchoconstriction, vasodilatation and plasma exudation, thus leading to symptoms of asthma (wheezing and dyspnea) or AR (nasal blockage and mucus secretion). (medscape.com)
A distinct hypothalamus-to-β cell circuit modulates insulin secretion. (nih.gov)
These unique structures were, for many years, considered to be quiescent remnants of development, but are now emerging as key role-players in the maintenance of periodontal health and are also implicated in bone resorption through secretion of bone resorption mediators. (scielo.org.za)

There were also significant differences in microbial composition in dust samples and in innate immune cells between the two groups of children. (medscape.com)
2. Physiological functions of the cholinergic system in immune cells. (nih.gov)
19. Expression and Function of the Cholinergic System in Immune Cells. (nih.gov)
Conversely, immune cells release signaling molecules that affect bone structure. (nih.gov)
The researchers focused on sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid in blood that's known to direct the movement of immune cells with S1P receptors out of lymph nodes. (nih.gov)
Osteoclasts are derived from the same parent stem cells that give rise to these immune cells, making S1P a good candidate for controlling osteoclast migration. (nih.gov)
In this process, the involvement of multiple immune cells is critical. (frontiersin.org)
The fish oil group showed increased intake of EPA and DHA into immune cells, a decrease in the activity of inflammatory immune cells, and a decrease in arachidonic acid production, a prostaglandin that increases the inflammatory response. (alive.com)
The mechanisms by which P. gingivalis and its virulence factors interact with host immune cells and contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis and CVD are far from completely understood. (intechopen.com)
Exosomes can be released both in vivo and in vitro from a variety of cells including neuronal cells, microglia, astrocytes, and immune cells such as monocytes and lymphocytes. (nih.gov)

To better our understanding of the role of specific pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in inflamed human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs), we studied the effects of Resolvin E1 (RvE1) and Maresin 1 (MaR1) in lipopoly-saccharide (LPS) stimulated hBMMSCs. (mdpi.com)
Mast cells are multifunctional bone marrow-derived tissue-dwelling cells that are the major producer of histamine in the body. (onteenstoday.com)

Another theory is that interactions between Fas (a cell-surface receptor that induces apoptosis) and its ligand, particularly a soluble form of Fas ligand released from mononuclear cells, lead to cell death and blister formation. (merckmanuals.com)
On the other hand, other reports indicated that CD23 was decayed by membrane related protease, leading to release soluble CD23 (sCD23). (ncl.edu.tw)

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns of allergens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on DCs, which initiate their maturation and augment their homing by upregulating CC receptors, which then direct them towards the T-cell zone of the lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
The poorly metabolized adenosine analog 2-chloroadenosine (100 µM) potentiated release approximately 2-fold whereas dipyridamole, an inhibitor of mast cell uptake of adenosine, did not inhibit adenosine potentiation suggesting that adenosine actions on mast cells may be mediated by direct activation of cell-surface receptors. (aai.org)
A large number of hormones act through G-protein-coupled receptors and so cAMP has been termed a 'second messenger' because it transmits signals originating at the surface of cells from a variety of 'first messengers' to the interior of cells. (erowid.org)
Histamine can also affect other receptors of the cell surface than the H1 receptor," Professor Harvima explains. (medindia.net)
Various receptors which can either activate or inhibit the cell have been identified on cell surface. (medindia.net)
Different drug molecules make it possible to affect the function of these receptors and, consequently, to prevent cell activation and mediator release. (medindia.net)
These cells recognize and respond to P. gingivalis and its components through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), for example, Toll-like receptors and protease-activated receptors. (intechopen.com)

We hypothesize that the insulin-stimulated DCI-IPG mediator modulates insulin sensitivity in women with PCOS but not in normal women, and a reduction in obesity does not affect this relationship. (hindawi.com)

These findings suggest that inter- the apoptotic destruction of lymphocytes and dendritic ventions aimed at reducing the extent of immune cell apop- tosis could improve outcomes for a variety of severe cells could have a particularly adverse effect on disease human infections, including those caused by emerging outcome. (cdc.gov)
Blood tests in symptomatic COVID-19 show a deficiency of lymphocytes and white blood cells, in general. (news-medical.net)
The cells include: Lymphocytes, which come in three types. (onteenstoday.com)
T-lymphocytes participate in the cell-mediated immune response. (onteenstoday.com)
If you have read about immunity , you should know about lymphocytes, also known as white blood cells . (bibalex.org)

In systemic mastocytosis, mast cells most often accumulate in the bone marrow, which is where new blood cells are made. (medlineplus.gov)
Phosphorylated Smads form heteromeric complexes with common mediator (co-)Smad4 that then accumulate into the nucleus. (springer.com)

and attracting to nascent inflammatory sites and activating circulating neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, gamma delta T cells, and Natural killer T cells. (wikipedia.org)
helping eosinophils and monocytes in lysis and phagocytosis of the resulting cell fragments and transport of allergen across the epithelium, and thereafter binding to mast cells and DCs via FcRI. (medscape.com)

Oxidative stress causes RPE injury, resulting in a chronic inflammatory response and cell death. (nih.gov)

Nedocromil sodium inhibits the release of mediators from cells involved in hypersensitivity reactions. (nih.gov)
H1R are expressed in many cells, including mast cells, and are involved in Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. (onteenstoday.com)

Depending on the stimulus, the DCs produce CCs including CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL17, CCL22 and CXCL8, thereby leading to the recruitment of various inflammatory cells at the site of allergen exposure. (medscape.com)

Dallaire M-J., Ferland C., Page N., Lavigne S., Davoine F., Laviolette M.. Endothelial cells modulate eosinophil surface markers and mediator release. (ers-education.org)
SARS-CoV-2 is known to enter endothelial cells, and the resulting endothelial damage may cause platelet recruitment to the infection sites. (news-medical.net)

Prevention of lymphocyte apoptosis, same process by which these cell populations are regulat- through either genetic modification of the host or treatment ed during normal health ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
acquired defects in the control of apoptosis may lead to a Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is the method variety of disease states. (cdc.gov)
For example, excessive inhibition by which tissue remodeling takes place during normal of apoptosis is an underlying mechanism of cancer, while growth and development and the physiologic mechanism an inappropriate increase is seen in some neurodegenera- by which labile cell populations such as gastrointestinal tive diseases and other conditions. (cdc.gov)

The virus that causes COVID-19 is an RNA virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecule on the host cell membrane via the viral spike protein . (news-medical.net)
This study provides a comprehensive network model of IAV infection in human cells, identifying functional host targets for pan-viral HDT. (cdc.gov)

Generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory mediators were measured. (nih.gov)
however, one theory holds that altered drug metabolism (eg, failure to clear reactive metabolites) in some patients triggers a T-cell-mediated cytotoxic reaction to drug antigens in keratinocytes. (merckmanuals.com)

It takes between one week and ten days of sensitizing exposure for the mast cells and basophils to become primed with IgE antibodies. (bibalex.org)

Gel-based nanomaterials have garnered significant scientific interest for their potential in small molecule encapsulation, release, and selective adsorption. (ualberta.ca)
By harnessing the stimuli-responsive properties of these gel-based nanomaterials, more efficient and effective systems can be developed for targeted drug release and purification processes. (ualberta.ca)

The active principle, Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a highly lipophilic molecule, was thought to insert itself into the lipid cell membrane of nerve cells. (erowid.org)
Both subtypes belong to the seven transmembrane spanning receptor family with seven a-helices spanning the cell membrane. (erowid.org)

Collectively, the stage for antigen avoidance is set when adaptive immunity equips mast cells with IgE as a telltale of past immune responses. (nature.com)
Prevention of immunopathology-causing, continuous and futile responses against per se innocuous antigens or of repeated ingestion of toxins through mast-cell-mediated antigen-avoidance behaviour may be an important arm of immunity. (nature.com)
The marked conservation of mast cells in animal evolution, even before the advent of IgE, indicates that immunity of avoidance may be a fundamental mode of immune defence. (nature.com)

For example, there is great need to improve our understanding of the communication pathways between cells that contribute to the pathogenesis of HAND. (nih.gov)

This leads to crosslinking of the IgE-FcRI complex, which then triggers activation of these cells and release of substances causing symptoms of allergy. (medscape.com)
Mast cells, also known as "allergy cells", are cells of the immune system which become activated by environmental allergens. (medindia.net)
Although mast cells are found in connective tissue, they have one thing in common to the allergy sufferer. (bibalex.org)

In vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that cromolyn sodium inhibits the release of mediators from sensitized mast cells. (nih.gov)

The most common diagnosis reported was neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy, with 155 (23%) subjects. (stanfordchildrens.org)
Mast cell hyperplasia is also characteristic of this experimental model. (aspetjournals.org)
Infected control rats showed hypermotility, mast cell hyperplasia, increased RMCPII levels, increased myeloperoxidase, and overexpression of COX-2 and iNOS. (aspetjournals.org)
Mast cell hyperplasia and RMCPII were reduced in ketotifen-treated rats. (aspetjournals.org)

The term pemphigus refers to a group of autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin and mucous membranes characterized histologically by intraepidermal blister and immunopathologically by the finding of in vivo bound and circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody directed against the cell surface of keratinocytes. (medscape.com)

What releases heparin and histamine? (onteenstoday.com)
BOTH heparin1 and histamine2 are now known to be concentrated in the tissue mast cells, and it might thus be expected that the release of histamine caused by damage to the mast cells would be accompanied by the release of heparin and a consequent increase in the clotting,time of blood. (onteenstoday.com)
The authors show that heparin initiates the production of a hormone - bradykinin - that contributes to swelling, anaphylactic and inflammatory symptoms, which are commonly known to be associated with aberrant mast cell activity. (onteenstoday.com)

There are a number of chemical mediators as well as different mechanisms by which the sensation of itch occurs. (msdmanuals.com)
Assess the mechanisms of exosome release from CNS-derived cells in the setting of HIV infection (in vitro and in vivo). (nih.gov)
Redox-sensitive mechanisms of phytochemical-mediated inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. (uncg.edu)

To further investigate whether fCD23 can inhibit IgE-mediated inflammatory mediator release, we also used?n? (ncl.edu.tw)

The KIT protein stimulates chemical signaling pathways that are involved in the growth and division (proliferation) of many types of cells, including mast cells. (medlineplus.gov)

This type results from the overproduction of eosinophils in the bone marrow and elevated serum levels of tryptase, an enzyme that indicates mast cell activation. (healthline.com)
Mast cell tryptase and histamine release were analyzed immunoenzymatically. (nih.gov)

10. SLURP-1, an endogenous α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric ligand, is expressed in CD205(+) dendritic cells in human tonsils and potentiates lymphocytic cholinergic activity. (nih.gov)

The department of Prof. Tanja Weil at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research has, in cooperation with the group of Prof. Holger Barth from the Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology at the Ulm University, shown in initial laboratory tests that they are able to specifically modulate processes in human white blood cells (leucocytes) in vitro, which are relevant for their movement, by using bacterial toxins. (uni-ulm.de)
Scientists have now achieved initial successes in modulating processes associated with the mobility of white blood cells in vitro. (uni-ulm.de)
The researchers have now found a pharmacological way to specifically turn off the "fuel" required by the white blood cells and thus might control processes associated with their mobility. (uni-ulm.de)

This review article will highlight the main intrinsic and extrinsic regulators of neural stem cell (NSC) aging and discuss how these factors impact normal homeostatic functions within the adult brain. (frontiersin.org)

Using affinity purification-mass spectrometry and global phosphoproteomic and protein abundance analyses using three IAV strains (pH1N1, H3N2, H5N1) in three human cell types (A549, NHBE, THP-1), we map 332 IAV-human protein-protein interactions and identify 13 IAV-modulated kinases. (cdc.gov)

This G-protein-coupled receptor causes the inhibition of the enzymatic activity of adenylate cyclase responsible for the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the cell. (erowid.org)
Type 2 immune responses, notably involving interleukin (IL)-4, drive immunoglobulin class switch recombination to antigen-specific IgE, which is bound to the mast-cell-expressed high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI). (nature.com)
Western analysis showed that J774A.1 cells contain the estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) protein. (cdc.gov)

For instance, neutrophil-extracellular trap liberation (NETosis), a process in which neutrophils release extracellular DNA as a network in which cells and platelets are entangled, is a heavily platelet-dependent phenomenon. (news-medical.net)

This may be a consequence of infection of these cells, and the result may be the production of platelets containing the virus within the lungs. (news-medical.net)
For this purpose, white blood cells - so-called leukocytes - are recruited to the site of the injury, e.g. the lungs. (uni-ulm.de)

Anatomy45

Organisms13

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science3

Health Care2

Inflammation12

Cytokines10

Epithelial19

Anti-inflammatory mediators1

Important mediators1

Mucosal8

Macrophages6

Cytokine5

Degranulation4

Lipid mediator2

Tissues10

Allergic18

Proteins5

Airway1

Secretion3

Immune cells10

Bone marrow-derived2

Soluble2

Receptors7

Modulates1

Lymphocytes5

Accumulate2

Monocytes2

Oxidative1

Hypersensitivity2

Inflammatory cells1

Endothelial2

Apoptosis3

Viral2

Reactive2

Mast cells and basophils1

Nanomaterials2

Membrane2

Immunity3

Contribute to the pathogenesis1

Allergy3

Inhibits1

Hyperplasia4

Keratinocytes1

Heparin3

Mechanisms3

Inhibit1

Proliferation1

Tryptase2

Dendritic1

Processes3

Regulators1

Interactions1

Receptor3

Neutrophils1

Lungs2