• These receptors form complex microscale patterns within the immune synapse, although the impact of this spatial organization on cell signaling remains unclear. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Following engagement of the B cell receptors, Lyn undergoes rapid phosphorylation and activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glycosylation of classical death receptors fine-tunes cell death programs. (nature.com)
  • Furthermore, a number of viral oncogenes encode constitutively active variants of tyrosine kinases and several growth factor receptors possess intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Phenotypic and functional alterations in lupus T cells including expansion of the Th17 population, perturbations of the physiology of T-cell receptors (TCRs) and postreceptor downstream signalling, oxidative stress, and epigenetic changes result in exaggeration of TCR response to stimuli and the propensity of lupus T cells to get activated [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8), a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin family of receptors, plays an integral role in signal transduction, and T cell differentiation and activation. (thermofisher.com)
  • Because FGF2 and P2 purinergic receptors are coupled to extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (ERK), a key member of a signaling cascade that regulates proliferation, we also investigated the role of ERK in regulating cyclin expression induced by FGF2 and ATP. (sagepub.com)
  • These findings suggest that signaling by P2Y receptors, most likely of the purine/pyrimidine subtype, enhance the ability of FGF2 to stimulate entry into a new cell cycle, as well as DNA replication, by an ERK-dependent mechanism, whereas signaling by P2X receptors, possibly the P2X7 subtype, inhibits FGF2-induced mitogenesis in astrocytes. (sagepub.com)
  • A role for the src family kinase Fyn in NK cell activation and the formation of the repertoire of Ly49 receptors. (unil.ch)
  • To examine the possible coupling of GTP-binding to zeta with TCR-mediated signal transduction, a mutant (termed J32-3.2) of the T cell line Jurkat (J32) was used. (bvsalud.org)
  • Studies reveal that chronic exposure of T cells to TNF uncouples TCR signal transduction pathways by impairing the assembly and stability of the TCR/CD3 complex at the cell surface. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We investigate this cross talk using micropatterned surfaces that present ligands to these membrane proteins in order to control the organization of signaling molecules within the cell-substrate interface. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These kinases provide activation signals, which play critical roles in proliferation, Ca2+ mobilization and cell differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Understanding the function of lectin-glycan recognition systems in cell death will facilitate the implementation of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling unbalanced cell proliferation and survival in several pathologic conditions. (nature.com)
  • The protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) are implicated in cell proliferation processes. (bvsalud.org)
  • These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)
  • In X-linked SCID, loss of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) function leads to the loss of a lymphocyte proliferation signal. (medscape.com)
  • Tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LYN gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (rush.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2" by people in this website by year, and whether "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (rush.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2" by people in Profiles. (rush.edu)
  • These mice have reduced numbers of conventional B lymphocytes, down-regulated surface immunoglobulin M and costimulatory molecules, and elevated numbers of B1a B cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • In primary mouse CD4(+) T cells, a complementary system, reducing the membrane mobility increased the sensitivity to CD3-CD28 separation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This phosphorylation of IRS1 leads to an increase in translocation of Glut-4 to the cell membrane and increased glucose utilization. (wikipedia.org)
  • My laboratory is interested in ion channels and the membrane mechanisms that regulate the activation and function of T lymphocytes. (uc.edu)
  • Ion channels, located on the membrane of T cells, are the effectors which link antigen recognition to T cell function and gene regulation by controlling calcium homeostasis. (uc.edu)
  • A Compartmentalized Reduction in Membrane-Proximal Calmodulin Reduces the Immune Surveillance Capabilities of CD8+ T Cells in Head and Neck Cancer. (uc.edu)
  • Recent studies suggesting that the TCR and other signaling-associated proteins are preclustered on resting T cells relied on measurements of the behavior of membrane proteins at interfaces with functionalized glass surfaces. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Using two biophysical approaches that mitigate these effects, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer and two-color coincidence detection microscopy, we show that, within the uncertainty of the methods, the membrane components of the TCR triggering apparatus, i.e. the TCR complex, MHC molecules, CD4/Lck and CD45, are exclusively monovalent or monomeric in human T cell lines, implying that TCR triggering depends only on the kinetics of TCR/pMHC interactions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These analyses also showed that constraining proteins to two dimensions at the cell surface greatly enhances random interactions versus those between the membrane and the cytoplasm. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Simulations of TCR-pMHC complex formation based on these findings suggest how unclustered TCR triggering-associated proteins might nevertheless be capable of generating complex signaling outputs via the differential recruitment of cytosolic effectors to the cell membrane. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Membrane proteins encoded by the BCL-2 GENES and serving as potent inhibitors of cell death by APOPTOSIS. (rush.edu)
  • The proteins are found on mitochondrial, microsomal, and NUCLEAR MEMBRANE sites within many cell types. (rush.edu)
  • PD1 blockade enhances K+ channel activity, Ca2+ signaling, and migratory ability in cytotoxic T lymphocytes of patients with head and neck cancer. (uc.edu)
  • Ligation of MHC-I/peptide complexes presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), triggers the recruitment of lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck), which leads to lymphokine production, motility and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activation. (thermofisher.com)
  • Several years later, Kerr and co-workers 2 defined the morphological changes in cells undergoing this process, also known as apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • We discuss here the contribution of glycan-lectin interactions to the initiation, execution and resolution of apoptosis and their emerging roles in other cell death programs including autophagy. (nature.com)
  • Kugyelka R, Prenek L, Olasz K, Kohl Z, Botz B, Glant TT, Berki T, Boldizs?r F. ZAP-70 Regulates Autoimmune Arthritis via Alterations in T Cell Activation and Apoptosis. (rush.edu)
  • p56 Lck deficiency is a unique form of SCID with selective CD4 lymphopenia and reduced production of the p56lck protein. (lu.se)
  • Beyond this basic grouping, SCID may be categorized according to phenotypic lymphocyte profiles that include both B-cell status (B+ or B-) and NK-cell status (NK+ or NK-) in addition to T-cell status (T-, because there is always a T-cell deficiency in SCID). (medscape.com)
  • This chapter aims to explore this theme in more depth, beginning with an outline of the molecular events that dictate the differentiation of T helper (Th) cells at the outset of adaptive immune responses in regional lymph nodes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Much of the remainder of the discussion focuses on the different ways in which, in the longer term, the chronic inflammatory process influences maturation, differentiation, and function of effector T cells at sites of inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There is now good evidence that there exists a coordinated programme of molecular events initiated at the outset of T-cell differentiation that leads to the generation of CD4 + Th effector cells [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • T cells recognize antigens presented to them by the major histocompatibility complex of antigen-presenting cells via the TCRs expressed on their surface. (hindawi.com)
  • LYN activation triggers a cascade of signaling events mediated by Lyn phosphorylation of tyrosine residues within the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAM) of the receptor proteins, and subsequent recruitment and activation of other kinases including Syk, phosholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) and phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Their ITIM phosphorylation subsequently leads to recruitment and activation of phosphatases such as SHIP-1 and SHP-1, which further downmodulate signaling pathways, attenuate cell activation and can mediate tolerance. (wikipedia.org)
  • These results demonstrate a subcellular reaction-diffusion system that allows cells to sense the microscale organization of the extracellular environment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
  • What is the precise role of intracellular and extracellular galectins in the control of cell death programs? (nature.com)
  • To determine whether the potentiating effect of extracellular ATP involves cell cycle control mechanisms, we have measured the expression of cyclins that are induced in different phases of the cell cycle in primary cultures of rat cortical astrocytes. (sagepub.com)
  • CD8beta endows CD8 with efficient coreceptor function by coupling T cell receptor/CD3 to raft-associated CD8/p56(lck) complexes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Targeted knockdown of Kv1.3 channels in T lymphocytes corrects the disease manifestations associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. (uc.edu)
  • Lyn plays an essential role in the transmission of inhibitory signals through phosphorylation of tyrosine residues within the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIM) in regulatory proteins such as CD22, PIR-B and FCγRIIb1. (wikipedia.org)
  • HSP90 inhibitor NVP-BEP800 has been described to affect stability of LYN kinase and growth of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias through inhibition of the NF-kappaB signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • A chromosomal aberration involving LCK is found also in leukemias. (lu.se)
  • Understanding the component stoichiometry of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) triggering apparatus is essential for building realistic models of signal initiation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Is there a hallmark 'glycosylation signature' that characterizes the initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs in physiologic and pathologic settings? (nature.com)
  • A number of human cancer cell lines show over-expression of Lck, pointing to a possible role for this kinase in the initiation and maintenance of the transformed state in human cancers (2). (bio-techne.com)
  • For cytokine genes, at least three stages are thought to be required for the acquisition of transcriptional competence in T cells: an initiation phase, a commitment phase, and a phase of acute gene transcription (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, as opposed to what seen in the AKI model, IFN-treatment induced a moderate but significant reduction in HNF-1protein manifestation (Number 2C), whereas protein levels were drastically decreased (six- to seven-fold) when gene manifestation was inhibited with an siRNA, suggesting that these conditions did not fully recapitulate the condition where HNF-1protein large quantity is probably controlled by multiple cytokines. (bms-911543.com)
  • Overexpression of bcl-2 proteins, due to a translocation of the gene, is associated with follicular lymphoma. (rush.edu)
  • In various hematopoietic cells, Lyn has emerged as a key enzyme involved in the regulation of cell activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The regulation and biological function of the kinase activity of Src family PTK are not yet well established. (bvsalud.org)
  • The surface of the living cells is decorated by a complex layer of glycosylated molecules that store relevant biological information. (nature.com)
  • Breakdown of immune tolerance is believed to be one of the major mechanisms which triggers the production of autoantibodies by B cells and antibody forming cells, leading to inflammation upon binding to autoantigens and consequent tissue damage [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Stimulation of TCRs upon antigen binding triggers downstream signalling pathways which enables various physiological functions of the T cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Functional convergence of CD28 costimulation and TCR signaling is critical to T-cell activation and adaptive immunity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In B cells, Lyn sets the threshold of cell signaling and maintains the balance between activation and inhibition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lyn activation in pulmonary epithelium has been shown to be important in improving pulmonary barrier integrity and to reduce edema. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additional evidence suggest that lyn activation in alveolar phagocytes improves phagocytosis of bacteria and reduces pulmonary infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Finally, other research has found that lyn activation reduces pulmonary hypersecretion of mucus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Biochemical analysis of cells from these mutants revealed that Lyn is essential in establishing ITIM-dependent inhibitory signaling and for activation of specific protein tyrosine phosphatases within myeloid cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Activation and degranulation of CAR-T cells using engineered antigen-presenting cell surfaces. (uc.edu)
  • Here, potential mechanisms involving alterations in T-cell receptor expressions, postreceptor downstream signalling, epigenetics, and oxidative stress which favour activation of lupus T cells will be discussed. (hindawi.com)
  • Engagement of these TCR/CD3-CD8/lck adducts by multimeric MHC-peptide induces activation of p56(lck) in rafts, which in turn phosphorylates CD3 and initiates T cell activation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Lck behaves as a proto-oncogene and can lead to cell transformation upon activation. (bio-techne.com)
  • Indeed, there are now compelling data to suggest that chronic cytokine activation may contribute substantially to the phenotype and effector function of synovial T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • I conclude by speculating about how our understanding of T-cell activation in chronic inflammation may influence future therapy, and discuss this in the context of the prevailing view that in a susceptible host, chronic inflammatory disease occurs through a failure of regulatory T cells to downregulate the inflammatory process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CD8 binds to MHC class I and through its association with protein tyrosine kinase p56lck plays a role in T-cell development and activation of mature T cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade can either stimulate or inhibit DNA synthesis in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes depending upon whether its activation is acute/phasic or chronic. (sagepub.com)
  • Tolimidone (MLR-1023) is a small molecule allosteric activator of lyn kinase with an EC50 of 63 nM that is currently under Phase 2a investigation for Type II diabetes. (wikipedia.org)
  • We found that the potentiating effect of ATP on cyclin expression was significantly reduced by U0126, an inhibitor of MEK, the upstream activator of ERK. (sagepub.com)
  • To create the large repertoire of glycan structures, each of these glycosyltransferases uses a single-nucleotide sugar substrate and forms specific linkages between one monosaccharide and a glycan precursor. (nature.com)
  • The zeta-subunit of the TCR binds GTP and is a well characterized substrate for a TCR-activated tyrosine kinase. (bvsalud.org)
  • The specific activity of Lck is typically 180-244 nmol/min/mg using a Poly (Glu:Tyr, 4:1) synthetic peptide substrate. (bio-techne.com)
  • It is the prototype of the primary immunodeficiency diseases and is caused by numerous molecular defects that lead to severe compromise in the number and function of T cells, B cells, and occasionally natural killer (NK) cells. (medscape.com)
  • Compelling evidence has however shown that without the assistance of the helper T lymphocytes, it is indeed difficult for the "helpless" B cells to become functional enough to trigger SLE-related inflammation. (hindawi.com)
  • SCID is considered a pediatric emergency because survival depends on expeditious stem cell reconstitution, usually by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). (medscape.com)
  • 5] Ideally, SCID can be detected in a newborn before the onset of infections, with one well-documented example by screening of T-cell-receptor excision circles. (medscape.com)
  • SCID can be broadly classified into 2 groups: SCID with B cells (70% of patients with SCID) and SCID without B cells. (medscape.com)
  • Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. (bio-techne.com)
  • To elucidate how the cytoplasmic and transmembrane portions of CD8beta endow CD8 with efficient coreceptor function, we examined T1.4 T cell hybridomas transfected with various CD8beta constructs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We find that the cytoplasmic portion of CD8beta, mainly due to its palmitoylation, mediates partitioning of CD8 in lipid rafts, where it efficiently associates with p56(lck). (ox.ac.uk)
  • CD8 exists on the cell surface, where the CD8alpha chain is essential for binding to MHC-I. CD8 is also expressed on a subset of T cells, NK cells, monocytes and dendritic cells as disulfide-linked homodimers of CD8alpha. (thermofisher.com)
  • En estos últimos años el desarrollo de las tecnologías de secuenciación masiva han provocado una explosión en el descubrimiento de nuevos genes responsables de AIDs monogénicas. (bvsalud.org)
  • In parallel to renal swelling, we observed a dramatic downregulation of known HNF-1target genes (in epithelial renal cells,27 displayed a significant increase in large quantity in that best period. (bms-911543.com)
  • These results recommend early and concomitant dysregulation of HNF-1(inhibition of its transcriptional activity without loss of its proteins appearance) and its own focus on genes, aswell as genes involved with mitochondrial function and biogenesis including secreting NKT cells, neutrophils, and monocytes) through regional creation of proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-and TNF-using IFN-or TNF-stimulation. (bms-911543.com)
  • IFN-treatment in HK-2 cells, a cell series derived from individual proximal tubules which has basal appearance of mRNA and its own direct focus on genes, and inhibition (Amount 2A). (bms-911543.com)
  • Lastly, while currently available outcomes of clinical trials evaluating therapeutic agents which manipulate the T cells such as calcineurin inhibitors indicate that they are at least as efficacious and safe as conventional immunosuppressants in treating lupus glomerulonephritis, larger clinical trials are undoubtedly required to validate these as-yet favourable findings. (hindawi.com)
  • While primary human CD4(+) T cells were activated by features containing ligands to both CD3 and CD28, this functional convergence was curtailed on surfaces in which engagement of these two systems was separated by micrometer-scale distances. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In support of this model, disruption of the actin cytoskeleton increased Lck mobility and allowed functional T-cell costimulation by spatially separated CD3 and CD28. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The emergence of functional studies on animal lectins during the 1990s has provided the appropriate framework to better understand their roles in cell death. (nature.com)
  • Recently, a number of phenotypic and functional alterations which increase the propensity to trigger lupus-related inflammation have been identified in lupus T cells. (hindawi.com)
  • However, the results of detailed phenotypic and functional analyses of chronically activated T cells derived from inflamed joints are difficult to reconcile with traditional models of cartilage-antigen-driven inflammatory disease in patients with RA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endogenous lectins and glycans are critical signals in the resolution of cell death. (nature.com)
  • 10 Galectins can function inside the cells by modulating signaling pathways, 11 although they also act extracellularly by establishing multivalent interactions with cell surface glycans and delivering signals that lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • However, three of these kinases (src, yes and fgr) have been initially identified as products of viral oncogenes and a fourth (lck) is activated and overexpressed in certain lymphomas. (bvsalud.org)
  • Phase 1 study of lenalidomide plus dose-adjusted EPOCH-R in patients with aggressive B-cell lymphomas with deregulated MYC and BCL2. (rush.edu)
  • Antibody production is severely impaired even when mature B cells are present, because of the lack of T-cell help. (medscape.com)
  • Description: The RPA-T8 monoclonal antibody reacts with the human CD8a molecule, an approximately 32-34 kDa cell surface receptor expressed either as a heterodimer with the CD8 beta chain (CD8 alpha/beta) or as a homodimer (CD8 alpha/alpha). (thermofisher.com)
  • Applications Tested: This RPA-T8 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)
  • In these cells, a small amount of LYN is associated with cell surface receptor proteins, including the B cell antigen receptor (BCR), CD40, or CD19. (wikipedia.org)
  • Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we show that, compared with the apical surface, the mobility of TCRs is significantly reduced at Jurkat T cell/glass interfaces, in a signaling-sensitive manner. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
  • A cell surface protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in a variety of ADENOCARCINOMAS. (bvsalud.org)
  • CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. (bio-techne.com)
  • In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (bio-techne.com)
  • Several investigators have shown the role of lyn kinase in different aspects of pulmonary function. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1. Role of ion channels in T cell response and adaptation to hypoxia. (uc.edu)
  • Although one typically thinks of carbohydrates as associated with cell growth and viability, glycosylation also has an integral role in many processes leading to cell death. (nature.com)
  • Herein, we review the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as essential components of the cell death machinery during physiologic and pathologic settings. (nature.com)
  • The strong association between specific alleles encoded within the MHC class II region and the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has provided the best evidence to date that CD4 + T cells play a role in the pathogenesis of this chronic inflammatory disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • How do C-type lectins tailor adaptive immunity following phagocytosis of apoptotic cells? (nature.com)
  • The hierarchy of T-cell dysfunction from peripheral blood to inflamed joint suggests that these defects are acquired through prolonged exposure to proinflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Staining of normal human peripheral blood cells with Anti-Human CD3 APC (Product # 17-0038-42) and 0.25 µg of Mouse IgG1 K Isotype Control eFluor® 450 (Product # 48-4714-82) (left) or Anti-Human CD8a eFluor® 450 (right). (thermofisher.com)
  • Therefore, SLE is currently believed to be a T cell-driven condition and, indeed, targeting molecules expressed on T cells and their signalling pathways can be one of the potential therapeutic strategies in SLE. (hindawi.com)
  • Moreover, phosphorylated Lck was concentrated to regions of CD3 engagement and exhibited a low diffusion rate, suggesting that costimulation is controlled by a balance between the transport of active Lck to CD28 and its deactivation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • On the basis of these data, it is proposed that T-cell survival and effector responses are driven by antigen-independent, cytokine-dependent mechanisms, and that therapeutic strategies that seek to restore T-cell homeostasis rather than further depress T-cell function should be explored in the future. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Loss of IL-4R function leads to the inability of B cells to class switch. (medscape.com)
  • Loss of IL-7R function leads to the loss of an antiapoptotic signal, resulting in a loss of T-cell selection in the thymus. (medscape.com)
  • Loss of IL-7R function is also associated with the loss of a T-cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement. (medscape.com)
  • Loss of IL-15R function leads to the ablation of NK-cell development. (medscape.com)
  • Survival outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by association with concurrent or antecedent follicular lymphoma and double hit status. (rush.edu)
  • In this brief review, a detailed account of the putative mechanisms by which the normal physiology of T cells are disturbed and why regulatory T cells fail to alleviate proinflammatory response in SLE will be discussed. (hindawi.com)
  • A defect in KCa3.1 channel activity limits the ability of CD8+ T cells from cancer patients to infiltrate an adenosine-rich microenvironment. (uc.edu)
  • As proven in Amount 2B, transfection of the plasmid in HK-2 cells was accompanied by a significant appearance from the luciferase activity, in keeping with the basal appearance of HNF-1in these cells. (bms-911543.com)
  • significantly downregulate the expression of CD147 in bladder cancer cells. (bms-911543.com)
  • NAD-biosynthetic enzyme NMNAT1 reduces early behavioral impairment in the htau mouse model of tauopathy. (uc.edu)
  • T cells have been recognized to be crucial in the pathogenicity of SLE through their capabilities to communicate with and offer enormous help to B cells for driving autoantibody production. (hindawi.com)
  • Recent compelling evidence has demonstrated that T cells are actually crucial in the pathogenesis of SLE in that they enhance the production of autoantibodies by offering substantial help to B cells through stimulating the latter to differentiate, proliferate, and mature, in addition to their support on class-switching of autoantibodies which B cells are expressing [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Lyn is a member of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases, which is mainly expressed in hematopoietic cells, in neural tissues liver, and adipose tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lck (p56lck) is a member of the Src family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases. (bio-techne.com)
  • Nanovesicle-targeted Kv1.3 knockdown in memory T cells suppresses CD40L expression and memory phenotype. (uc.edu)
  • However, the unusual phenotype of synovial T cells, including their profound proliferative hyporesponsiveness to TCR ligation, has challenged the notion that T-cell effector responses are driven by cognate cartilage antigens in inflamed synovial joints. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Kv1.3 Channels Mark Functionally Competent CD8+ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Head and Neck Cancer. (uc.edu)