Cells receptors immunologic. Medical search. Frequent questions

Primary T cells expressing chimeric receptors specific for tumor or viral antigens have considerable therapeutic potential. (nih.gov)
Besides the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6), the increased expression of receptor repertoire (pattern recognition receptors, PRR) on APCs, mostly macrophages and dendritic cells, occurs as a result of the release of endogenous and exogenous antigens (damage-associated molecular patterns, DAMPs, and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs). (hindawi.com)
A KIR receptor that has specificity for HLA-C ANTIGENS. (umassmed.edu)
Our major goal is to understand the interaction and neutralization of foreign antigens by the immune system through high-resolution x-ray structural studies of antibodies, Variable Lymphocyte Rectors (VLRs) and antigens in the humoral system, T-cell receptor complexes with MHC class I and class II in the cellular system, and through pattern recognition receptors, such as TLRs, in the innate immune system. (scripps.edu)
The T-cell receptor in complex with pMHC has revealed how peptide antigens can be recognized in the context of the MHC molecule. (scripps.edu)
Many other key molecules in cellular immunology are being studied, such as non-classical or MHC homologues: for example, CD1 binds lipid, glycolipid, and lipopeptide antigens from the cell walls of microbial pathogens and the NK family of receptors recognizes classical as well as distant MHC homologues. (scripps.edu)
or actively by prior immunization of the recipient with graft antigens which evoke specific antibodies and form antigen-antibody complexes which bind to the antigen receptor sites of the T-cells and block their cytotoxic activity. (umassmed.edu)
Антигени пухлин Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
Concomitant use of interferon enhances the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and TAAs on tumor cells, thereby augmenting the killing of tumor cells by the infused effector cells. (msdmanuals.com)

A low affinity interleukin-5 receptor subunit that combines with the CYTOKINE RECEPTOR COMMON BETA SUBUNIT to form a high affinity receptor for INTERLEUKIN-5. (harvard.edu)

However, the affinity for HLA-E (or Qa1b) can drastically change after a small change in the presented peptide, which can lead to NK cell activation. (wikipedia.org)
The expression of CD94/NKG2A was rapidly initiated in naive CD8(+) T cells responding to peptide Ags in vitro and on many of the naive T cells that proliferate when transferred into lymphopenic (Rag-1(-/-)) hosts. (duke.edu)
Multiple activation steps of the N-formyl peptide receptor. (unm.edu)
The human N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) is representative of a growing family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) that respond to chemokines and chemoattractants. (unm.edu)

To better understand the functional characteristics and fine specificity of protective human Abs to DBPII, we sorted single DBPII-specific IgG+ memory B cells from three individuals with high blocking activity to DBPII. (tropmedres.ac)
Thus, analysis of TCR CDR3 sequences has provided a useful means to study clonal expansions, repertoire breadth, and other properties such as CDR3 length polymorphisms, V(D)J gene usage, and sequence specificity of the T cell response. (biomedcentral.com)
This process theoretically provides a line of T cells with greater tumor specificity than those obtained from the blood. (msdmanuals.com)
TAAs) with high specificity to tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Pardoll has a particular interest in cancer immunology and his lab's studies on basic immunologic mechanisms have led to the development and design of a number of cancer vaccines and discovery of key checkpoint ligands and receptors, such as PD-L2, LAG-3 and neuritin, many of which are being targeted clinically. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

These results show the involvement of KIR-MHC class I interactions in the calibration of NK cell effector capacities, suggesting its role in the subsequent "missing self" recognition. (nih.gov)
EBV-specific T cells expressing chimeric antitumor receptors may represent a new source of effector cells that would persist and function long-term after their transfer to cancer patients. (nih.gov)
NK cells, among other cells, are key effector cells of the innate immune system and play a crucial role in the antiviral response. (cdc.gov)
The effector capability of NK cells has been described in a wide range of viral infections, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C (HCV), HIV, and human cytomegalovirus infection ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
NK cell activation and the triggering of effector functions is governed by a complex set of activating and inhibitory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
Binding of the CD94/NKG2A receptor by its ligand (Qa-1(b)) did not significantly inhibit CD8(+) T cell effector functions. (duke.edu)
Here, the utility of OX40, a costimulatory molecule mainly expressed on activated effector T cells known to play an important role in eliminating cancer cells, was evaluated as a PET imaging biomarker to quantify and track response to immunotherapy. (aacrjournals.org)
Anti-CTLA-4 antibodies thus prevent inhibitory signaling to effector T cells, thereby increasing the ratio of effector cells to regulatory cells and augmenting the antitumor immune response. (acc.org)
1 PD-1 binds to PD-L1 (programmed death ligand-1) and PD-L2 (programmed death ligand-2) on antigen-presenting cells to induce anergy in effector T cells. (acc.org)
In passive cellular immunotherapy, specific effector cells are directly infused and are not induced within the patient. (msdmanuals.com)
In passive cellular immunotherapy, specific effector cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Studies on other pattern recognition receptors, include peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP), TREM-1, Toll-like receptors (TLR) have revealed how unique pathogen-associated molecules are recognized by the immune system. (scripps.edu)

Originally mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was the only actionable molecular alteration, now there are more than 10 driver mutations known, and more are detected, and clinical studies are performed. (deepdyve.com)

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of B lymphocytes is near universal in humans and stimulates high levels of EBV-specific helper and cytotoxic T cells, which persist indefinitely. (nih.gov)
For CD8+ T lymphocytes, NKG2 family expression is believed to be a marker of activated or memory T cells. (wikipedia.org)
Some EBOV infections generate a cytokine storm, which hinders peripheral natural killer cells (NK) and T and B lymphocytes. (cdc.gov)
First described in 1975, NK cells were initially identified as a distinct sub-population of lymphocytes by their capacity to spontaneously lyse tumor cells ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes were determined as the cellular effectors of GVHD, and the key role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in T-lymphocyte activation was established during the following years [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Background Galectin-9 is a member of the family of lectin proteins and crucially regulates human immune responses, particularly because of its ability to suppress the anticancer activities of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. (bmj.com)
Results We discovered that T lymphocytes induce galectin-9 secretion in various types of human cancer cells derived from solid malignant tumors. (bmj.com)
Biomarkers of exposure (pyrethroids, organophosphates, carbamates, and thioethers in urine and butyrylcholinesterase activity in plasma), early effect (micronuclei in lymphocytes and reticulocytes, T-cell receptor mutation assay, chromosomal aberrations, comet assay and lymphocytes subpopulations) and susceptibility (genetic polymorphisms related to metabolism - EPHX1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 - and DNA repair-XRCC1 and XRCC2) were evaluated. (cdc.gov)
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may have greater tumoricidal activity than LAK cells. (msdmanuals.com)

In humans, this "missing self" recognition is ensured by inhibitory receptors such as KIR, which dampen NK cell activation upon interaction with their MHC class I ligands. (nih.gov)

These cells harbor a mature NK cell phenotype but are hyporesponsive to various stimuli, including MHC class I-deficient target cells. (nih.gov)
These NK cell receptors are also expressed by certain memory phenotype CD8(+) T cells, and in some cases are up-regulated in T cells responding to viral infection. (duke.edu)
Here we show that co-engagement of CD3 and the complement regulator CD46 in the presence of IL-2 induces a Tr1-specific cytokine phenotype in human CD4 + T cells. (nature.com)
These CD3/CD46-stimulated IL-10-producing CD4 + cells proliferate strongly, suppress activation of bystander T cells and acquire a memory phenotype. (nature.com)

Pembrolizumab and nivolumab are human monoclonal antibodies that block ligand binding to PD-1, leading to T cell activation. (acc.org)
For this study, the FPR mutants were expressed in human myeloid U937 cells and characterized for functions in addition to G protein coupling, such as receptor phosphorylation and ligand-induced receptor internalization. (unm.edu)
Receptor internalization was monitored by following the fate of the ligand as well as by directly monitoring the fate of the receptor. (unm.edu)
The results with the R123G mutant were in contrast to those obtained for mutants D71A and R309G/E310A/R311G which, though being expressed at the cell surface and binding ligand, were incapable of being phosphorylated or internalized upon agonist stimulation. (unm.edu)
Plasmodium vivax invasion of reticulocytes relies on distinct receptor-ligand interactions between the parasite and host erythrocytes. (tropmedres.ac)
Immuno-oncology has entered the field, and besides the checkpoint death receptor and ligand molecules PD-1/PD-L1 more molecules have been detected and are also tested in clinical studies.To provide equal opportunities to our patients the tests have to be implemented in all pathological institutes involved in lung cancer management. (deepdyve.com)
The ligand CXCL12 (SDF-1) is a homeostatic chemokine with a central role in hematopoietic cells homing to and release from bone marrow. (lu.se)

Cell surface receptors that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-5. (childrensmercy.org)
Cell surface receptors for colony stimulating factors, local mediators, and hormones that regulate the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hemopoietic cells. (rush.edu)

Interleukin-5 Receptor alpha Subunit" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
Several isoforms of the interleukin-5 receptor alpha subunit exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. (harvard.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Interleukin-5 Receptor alpha Subunit" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Interleukin-5 Receptor alpha Subunit" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Interleukin-5 Receptor alpha Subunit" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
Turnock-Jones JJ, Jennings CA, Robbins MJ, Cluderay JE, Cilia J, Reid JL, Taylor A , Jones DN, Emson PC , Southam E. Increased expression of the NR2A NMDA receptor subunit in the prefrontal cortex of rats reared in isolation. (neurotree.org)

We are seeing a tremendous amount of interest in using chimeric antigen receptor T [CAR T] cells as an immune approach in prostate cancer. (urologytimes.com)
So, among the challenges that everybody's looked at, with regard to chimeric antigen receptor T cells, or armored CAR T cells, which we like to call them sometimes, is that they need to be stable. (urologytimes.com)
Chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) recognize specific proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Efforts at using NK cells as antitumor agents began over two decades ago, but recent advances in elucidating NK cell biology have accelerated the development of NK cell-targeting therapeutics. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we review tumor-NK cell interactions, discuss the mechanisms by which NK cells generate an antitumor immune response, and discuss NK cell-based therapeutic strategies targeting activating, inhibitory, and co-stimulatory receptors. (frontiersin.org)
instead of targeting tumor cells, the goal of immunotherapy is to augment and expand the immune system's intrinsic antitumor response. (frontiersin.org)
An important class of innate immune cells that play a critical role in mediating the antitumor immune response is the natural killer (NK) cell. (frontiersin.org)
In a humanized mouse non-small cell lung carcinoma model, TSR-033 boosted the antitumor efficacy of PD-1 monotherapy, with a concomitant increase in immune activation. (aacrjournals.org)
Importantly, the benefit of this platform is that it will provide immunologic memory such that the CAR T cells will persist at the site of tumor, leading to more time for the cell to elicit an antitumor response. (urologytimes.com)

Adv replicates efficiently in human cells and triggers an innate immune response such as inflammatory response in the host cells. (hindawi.com)
Recent basic and clinical research has revealed that hydrogen is an important physiological regulatory factor with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic protective effects on cells and organs. (researchgate.net)
Knockout of the PD-1 receptor in mice causes severe dilated cardiomyopathy characterized by high levels of immunoglobulin G autoantibodies that react specifically to cardiac troponin I. 12,13 In mouse models of lupus and other experimentally induced inflammatory states, inhibition of the PD-1 pathway has been recognized as an essential mediator of autoimmune myocarditis 14-16 and is similarly associated with high-titer autoantibodies against cardiac myosin. (acc.org)

What is very challenging about any sort of immunotherapy, and in particular the checkpoint inhibitors, is that you need to get the treating product or the immune cells into the tumor microenvironment, which in the case of prostate cancer, happens to be the bone. (urologytimes.com)
A preparative regimen is needed to remove any inhibitory immune cells, ie, regulatory T cells (Tregs) that may contribute to a hostile tumor microenvironment, thereby providing an intratumoral milieu that blocks immune cell penetration. (urologytimes.com)

Secreted galectin-9 pre-opsonised T cells and, following interaction with other immune checkpoint proteins, their activity was completely attenuated. (bmj.com)
As an example, we studied the cooperation of galectin-9 and V-domain Ig-containing suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) proteins in human cancer cells. (bmj.com)
To reveal steps required for the activation of GPCR receptors, we utilized mutants of the FPR which have previously been shown to be incapable of binding and activating G proteins. (unm.edu)
Cell surface proteins that bind interleukins and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. (uams.edu)
SummaryChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are genetically engineered cells containing fusion proteins combining an extracellular epitope-specific binding domain, a transmembrane and signaling domains of the T cell receptor. (deepdyve.com)
In contrast to TCR T cells, CAR T cells recognize only relatively large proteins on the surface of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)

However, a class of important immune-modulators is conspicuously absent: agents that utilize the power of innate immune cells to eradicate tumors. (frontiersin.org)
NK cells are now accepted to play an important role in both the adaptive and innate immune responses that govern infection, autoimmunity, and tumor immunosurveillance ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
Studies reported in the literature demonstrates the involvement of the innate immune system in PD in several ways: activation and signaling Toll Like Receptor (TLRs), production of antimicrobial peptides such as defensins and cathelicidins and the important role of dendritic cells in mediating between the two immunologic responses. (bvsalud.org)
The adaptive immune response, in turn, albeit with different mechanisms of action, is closely related to the innate response, so that their activation occurs mainly by dendritic cells participating in the natural immunity. (bvsalud.org)

Mepolizumab targets multiple immune cells in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. (harvard.edu)
In the early phases of cancer immune surveillance, NK cells directly identify and lyse cancer cells. (frontiersin.org)
Our primary pursuits are discovering and elucidating new molecules that regulate immune responses, investigating the biology of regulatory T cells, and better understanding the specific biochemical signatures that allow a patient's T cells to selectively target cancer cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
New immunomodulators known as "immune checkpoint inhibitors" are being increasingly used for the treatment of common malignancies such as metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. (acc.org)
As such, they take advantage of the regulatory mechanisms that govern T cell activation to strengthen the immune response against cancer cells and minimize tumor evasion from host immunity. (acc.org)
19 Endomyocardial biopsy demonstrated lymphocytic infiltration with predominantly CD8-positive cells, findings that have been previously observed in tumor samples from patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. (acc.org)
Despite the importance of this receptor class to immune function, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in their activation. (unm.edu)
however, clinical or radiologic evidence of relapse trumps immunologic evidence of immune reset, and this study raises concern that those end points have not been adequately achieved. (pharmaceutical-journal.com)
To determine the presence and potential importance of a more generalized deregulation of immune response in patients with Grave's disease and Hashimoto's disease, sera from 33 patients with Graves' disease and 16 patients with Hashimoto's disease were screened for the presence of anti-insulin antibodies and anti-insulin-receptor antibodies. (diabetesjournals.org)
Known side effects of these approved cellular immunotherapies are cytokine release syndrome, immune-cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome, cytopenias, infections and long-lasting B cell aplasia. (deepdyve.com)
The CD4+ T-lymphocyte coordinates a number of important immunologic functions, and a loss of these functions results in progressive impairment of the immune response. (cdc.gov)

We show here that NK cells lacking inhibitory KIR for self MHC class I molecules are present in human peripheral blood. (nih.gov)
Unfortunately, their clinical value is limited by their rapid loss of function and failure to expand in vivo, presumably due to the lack of costimulator molecules on tumor cells and the inherent limitations of signaling exclusively through the chimeric receptor. (nih.gov)
These monoclonal antibodies interact with specific costimulatory or co-inhibitory molecules expressed on the surface of activated T cells. (acc.org)

An elaborate network of signaling pathways orchestrates the communication between cancer cells and the surrounding stroma. (degruyter.com)
1 Signaling through CTLA-4 counteracts CD28-mediated costimulation and induces an inhibitory program that stops T cell proliferation. (acc.org)
In contrast to CTLA-4, signaling through the PD-1 pathway occurs primarily during the late phase of T cell activation. (acc.org)
That these observations may be of more general importance in GPCR-mediated signaling is suggested by the highly conserved nature of the mutants studied: D71, R123, and the site represented by amino acids 309-311 are very highly conserved throughout the entire superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors. (unm.edu)
Signaling from interleukin-5 receptors can occur through interaction of their cytoplasmic domains with SYNTENINS. (childrensmercy.org)
Immunoglobulins against insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors activate signaling in the orbital fibroblasts. (medscape.com)

The avian H5N1 and swine H1N1 influenza virus HA structures have been determined as well as mutations that enhance binding to human receptors that may allow the virus to cross the species barrier into humans and be transmissible. (scripps.edu)
Clinical trials of LAK cells in humans are ongoing but this approach has not gained widespread use and is generally considered less effective than other cell therapies. (msdmanuals.com)

Whereas dendritic cells (DCs) can be activated in many ways to trigger immunity, hardly anything is known about the mechanisms that counterbalance DC activation. (amsterdamumc.org)
van den Berg, TK & van Bruggen, R 2015, ' Loss of CD47 Makes Dendritic Cells See Red ', Immunity , vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 622-4. (amsterdamumc.org)

While checkpoint immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a subset of patients develop hyperprogressive disease, yet the pathological features or underlying mechanisms for this association have yet to be fully understood. (aacr.org)
SummaryChimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) are a novel form of cellular immunotherapy for patients with hematologic and oncologic malignancies. (deepdyve.com)
CAR T cell immunotherapy for human cancer. (msdmanuals.com)

The microenvironment is fundamental in attracting tumor cells to the bone as well as promoting tumor progression. (degruyter.com)

Kinase activation is followed by NK cell degranulation and transcription of cytokine and chemokine genes. (wikipedia.org)
Nascent transformed cells elicit NK cell activation and are eliminated. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, CD94/NKG2A expression is a common consequence of CD8(+) T cell activation. (duke.edu)
However, expression of CD94 and NKG2A transgenes partially inhibited early events of T cell activation. (duke.edu)
CTLA-4 is an important regulator of the early phase of T cell activation. (acc.org)
Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is a coinhibitory receptor associated with impaired T-cell function and is frequently coexpressed with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) in the context of human cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
We have generated a high affinity and selective humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody, TSR-033, which binds human LAG-3 and serves as a functional antagonist, enhancing in vitro T-cell activation both in mixed lymphocyte reactions and staphylococcal enterotoxin B-driven stimulation assays. (aacrjournals.org)
Tumor persistence leads to sustained exposure of T cells to neoantigens-this results in repeated cycles of activation which culminate in a state of severe T-cell dysfunction or exhaustion, characterized by distinct epigenetic and transcriptional profiles ( 1-3 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Models of receptor activation based on the observed results are discussed. (unm.edu)
Tyrosine kinase-stimulated guanine nucleotide exchange activity of Vav in T cell activation. (ouhsc.edu)
Figure 2: Sorted CD3 + CD4 + CD45RA + CD45RO + T cells respond to primary and secondary activation with IL-10 production. (nature.com)
Shevach, E. M. S. M. R., Piccirillo, C. A. & Thornton, A. M. Control of T-cell activation by CD4 + CD25 + suppressor T cells. (nature.com)
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)

Here, in Part I, we describe areas where major inroads were initially achieved by targeting angiogenesis (central to the biology of renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular cancer) and by unraveling pathways in the heterogeneous tumors of mesenchymal origin-spurred by the identification of c-Kit-activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and the regressions that ensued when tumors harboring these mutations were exposed to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec). (cancernetwork.com)

As about 90% of fetal NK cells express NKG2 genes, one of the proposed functions of the gene family is contribution to self-tolerance. (wikipedia.org)
Sakaguchi, S. Regulatory T cells: key controllers of immunologic self-tolerance. (nature.com)

They recognize EBV-infected targets through their conventional T-cell receptor and tumor targets through their chimeric receptors. (nih.gov)
The defining functional feature of NK cells remains their intrinsic ability to conduct "natural killing" of cellular targets without prior sensitization. (frontiersin.org)
I also directed the Joint Center for Structural Genomics (2000-2016) that pioneers new high throughput methodologies and technologies for protein production, structure determination and functional analysis in order to investigate the Expanding Protein Universe and the human gut microbiome and other high-value targets in the regulation of stem cells and T cells. (scripps.edu)
To date, development of these agents has focused on two major targets: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) pathway. (acc.org)
A lot of what we've done has been predicated on various immunologic approaches that included carbohydrate, DNA, and naked DNA vaccines, as well as antibody drug conjugates directed against a variety of cell surface targets. (urologytimes.com)
B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)

These data support the hypothesis that the immunologic response in autoimmune thyroid disease may be more heterogeneous and polyclonal than previously believed. (diabetesjournals.org)

NKG2 are members of the C-type lectin-like receptor superfamily. (wikipedia.org)

Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown as a novel approach in tissue regeneration, the therapeutic potential of MSCs mediated by the interaction between MSC-derived paracrine mediators and Mφs remains elusive. (frontiersin.org)

Analogous studies in a murine syngeneic tumor model using surrogate antibodies demonstrated significant synergy between LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade-combination treatment led to a marked improvement in therapeutic efficacy, increased T-cell proliferation, IFNγ production, and elicited durable immunologic memory upon tumor rechallenge. (aacrjournals.org)
Anti-insulin-receptor antibodies were not detected in any of 33 patients with Graves' disease, and cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies were not detected in sera from seven patients with Graves' disease who had insulin-binding antibodies. (diabetesjournals.org)

Scholars@Duke publication: Viral and bacterial infections induce expression of multiple NK cell receptors in responding CD8(+) T cells. (duke.edu)
it is a non-viral transposon system (piggyBac®) that results in a CAR T product comprised of a high percentage of T stem cell memory cells. (urologytimes.com)

CD94/NKG2 and their ligands can also play a role in certain diseases, where their expression can be modified on different cell types. (wikipedia.org)

Adv infects the host cells through binding to different cellular receptors such as coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)

We now report that EBV-specific (but not primary) T cells transduced with tumor-specific chimeric receptor genes can be expanded and maintained long-term in the presence of EBV-infected B cells. (nih.gov)
On NK cells, NKG2 genes are expressed through the ontogeny as well as in adulthood. (wikipedia.org)
Genes are inserted encoding a PSMA-targeted Centyrin CAR with an iCasp9-based safely switch and DHFR to purify CAR T Cells.These T stem cell memory cells have bone marrow homing capability that may be particularly relevant to bone tropic tumors, such as prostate cancer. (urologytimes.com)

The recent FDA approvals of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-targeted checkpoint inhibitors pembrolizumab and nivolumab mark the latest successes in the rapidly expanding field of cancer immunotherapies. (frontiersin.org)
Cytokines, cancer vaccines, adoptive cell transfers, and especially checkpoint inhibitors constitute valuable elements in the immunotherapeutic armamentarium. (frontiersin.org)

NKG2D expression can also be present on cancer cells and is proven to stimulate oncogenic bioenergetic metabolism, proliferation and metastases generation. (wikipedia.org)
However, as tumors progress, cancerous cells develop immunosuppressive mechanisms that circumvent NK cell-mediated killing, allowing for tumor escape and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)

NKG2 also known as CD159 (Cluster of Differentiation 159) is a receptor for natural killer cells (NK cells). (wikipedia.org)
In the 1980's, Arnold Caplan and his colleagues published an isolation method of fibroblast-like stromal cells from bone marrow and first identified them as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) because of their multilineage differentiation potential ( Caplan, 1991 ). (frontiersin.org)
Our findings identify an endogenous receptor-mediated event that drives Tr1 differentiation and suggest that the complement system has a previously unappreciated role in T-cell-mediated immunity and tolerance. (nature.com)
In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)

Additionally, a 11-year prospective cohort study of Japanese inhabitants linked low peripheral-blood NK cell cytotoxicity with increased cancer risk ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)

The molecular basis of antibody formation was studied using normal lymphoid tissue as well as clones of murine myeloma cells. (dtic.mil)
The final phase of the work led to an examination of the antibody receptors on B cells. (dtic.mil)
In preclinical models utilizing human lung cancer cells and specific NSCLC mutational subsets, the researchers found that tumor growth was enhanced by anti-PD-1 treatment but not by anti-PD-1 F(ab) 2 fragments, which lack the Fc portion of the antibody. (aacr.org)
Other challenges to this therapy include knowing the affinity of the CAR T cell for the antigen in question.Clearly, prostate-specific membrane antigen, or PSMA, has been a focal target for a variety of different approaches, including immunological approaches with vaccines and antibody-drug conjugates in addition to CAR T cells, and more recently, a theranostic approach with 177-lutetium PSMA-617. (urologytimes.com)

Animal studies have shown that LAK cells are more effective against cancer cells than are the original endogenous T cells, presumably because of their greater number. (msdmanuals.com)

Our aims were to elucidate whether T cells can induce galectin-9 secretion in human cancer cells derived from solid malignant tumors and whether this soluble form displays higher systemic immunosuppressive activity compared with the cell surface-based protein. (bmj.com)
Targeting Receptor-Type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases with Biotherapeutics: Is Outside-in Better than Inside-Out? (westminster.ac.uk)
Engagement of the highly polymorphic domain II of the P. vivax Duffy-binding protein (DBPII) with the erythrocyte's Duffy Ag receptor for chemokines (DARC) is essential. (tropmedres.ac)

It binds to CD2 and 2B4 (CD244) receptors to activate and modulate the immunologic response. (bvsalud.org)

NK cell infiltration into tumor tissue is associated with better disease prognosis in colorectal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and lung carcinomas ( 9 - 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
8 In addition to its use in melanoma, recent randomized clinical trials have demonstrated an increase in overall survival with nivolumab compared with standard therapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer 9 and renal cell carcinoma. (acc.org)

Graft versus host disease (GVHD), a severe immunogenic complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), represents the most frequent cause of transplant-related mortality (TRM). (hindawi.com)
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the only curative modality for many hematological disorders. (hindawi.com)

A CD4 + T-cell subset inhibits antigen-specific T-cell responses and prevents colitis. (nature.com)

These subtle effects suggest that CD94/NKG2A-mediated inhibition of T cells may be limited to particular circumstances or may synergize with other receptors that are similarly up-regulated. (duke.edu)

Interim study data suggest haematopoietic cell transplant may induce sustained remissions in early MS. (pharmaceutical-journal.com)
High-dose immunosuppressive therapy with autologous haematopoietic cell transplant may, in contrast, induce sustained remissions in early MS. (pharmaceutical-journal.com)

NKG2D is an activating receptor playing a role in the cell-mediated control of some cancers. (wikipedia.org)

There is compelling clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in the recognition and eradication of tumors. (frontiersin.org)
NK cells express several families of receptors that play central roles in target cell recognition. (duke.edu)
Immunologic recognition of microbial pathogens is fundamental for fighting infectious disease. (scripps.edu)
This junctional region of the TCR chains, also known as the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3), is highly diverse and is an important determinant of antigen recognition by T cells. (biomedcentral.com)

To determine how the profile of NK receptor expression changes in murine CD8(+) T cells as they respond to intracellular pathogens, we used class I tetramer reagents to directly examine Ag-specific T cells during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and Listeria monocytogenes infections. (duke.edu)

Therapeutic intervention aims to reverse tumor-induced NK cell suppression and sustain NK cells' tumorlytic capacities. (frontiersin.org)
Fibulin-1 suppression of fibronectin-regulated cell adhesion and motility. (musc.edu)

Recently, next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the T cell receptor (TCR) β loci has emerged as a sensitive way to measure the T cell repertoire. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we utilized NGS to assess whether changes in T cell repertoire diversity in PB of SLE patients correlate with or predict changes in disease activity. (biomedcentral.com)
A significant decrease in T cell repertoire diversity was observed in PB of SLE patients compared to HC. (biomedcentral.com)

The nature of immunologic memory was extensively studied and it was found that IgM-immunologic memory is short-lived in contrast to IgG-memory. (dtic.mil)
These findings suggest that IgG+ memory B cell activity in individuals with P. vivax strain-transcending Abs to DBPII display a limited clonal response with inhibitory blocking directed against a distinct region of the molecule. (tropmedres.ac)

Human NK cells are phenotypically characterized by the expression of CD56 and the absence of CD3 and can be further subdivided into a CD56 bright population and a CD56 dim population. (frontiersin.org)

Our clinical studies have shown that EBV-specific T cells generated in vitro will expand, persist, and function for more than 6 years in vivo. (nih.gov)
For the 24 patients who received HDIT with autologous haematopoietic cell transplant, the overall rate of event-free survival was 78.4% at three years (90% confidence interval 60.1%-89.0%) - this was defined as survival without loss of neurologic function, clinical relapse or new lesions observed on imaging. (pharmaceutical-journal.com)
Stem cell therapy for MS holds significant potential but remains at the frontier of clinical research," says Amy Bowen, the charity's director of service development. (pharmaceutical-journal.com)
Clinical factors such as a high International Prognostic Index (IPI) or molecular factors as cell of origin (COO) have an influence on the clinical outcome after conventional immunochemotherapy. (deepdyve.com)
This system replaces the classification system published in 1986, which included only clinical disease criteria and which was developed before the widespread use of CD4+ T-cell testing (1). (cdc.gov)

In HNPCC, a mutation that inactivates an MMR gene leads to the accumulation of cell mutations and greatly increases the likelihood of malignant transformation and cancer. (medscape.com)
The syndrome is cause by mutations in CXCR4, a chemokine receptor expressed by hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. (lu.se)

The tumor cell mass exerts mechanical pressure that can contribute to bone pain. (degruyter.com)
In thyroid eye disease, the orbit is infiltrated by B and T cells and CD34+ fibrocytes from the bone marrow. (medscape.com)
The syndrome of warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, immunodeficiency, and myelokathexis (WHIM) is an autosomal dominant immunologic disorder in which mature neutrophil fail to exit the bone marrow and B- and T-cell abundance or function is variably deficient. (lu.se)

Anatomy32

Organisms11

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs129

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Antigens9

CYTOKINE RECEPTOR COMMON BETA SUBUNIT1

Peptide4

Specificity4

Immunology1

Effector11

Pattern recogniti1

Epidermal growth f1

Lymphocytes9

Inhibitory receptors1

Phenotype4

Ligand7

Surface receptors2

SUBUNIT5

Chimeric antigen3

Antitumor6

Inflammatory3

Tumor Microenvironment2

Proteins6

Innate4

Immune11

Molecules3

Signaling6

Humans2

Dendritic2

Immunotherapy3

Microenvironment1

Activation13

Biology1

Self Tolerance2

Targets6

Autoimmune1

Superfamily1

Interaction1

Antibodies2

Viral2

Ligands1

Cellular1

Genes3

Checkpoint2

Proliferation2

Differentiation4

Cytotoxicity1

Antibody4

Endogenous1

Protein3

Binds1

Renal cell carc2

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem c2

Antigen-specific T cell responses1

Inhibition1

Induce2

Cancers1

Recognition4

Murine1

Suppression2

Repertoire3

Memory2

Human NK1

Clinical5

Mutations2

Bone3