Cells or proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

These transport proteins come in two forms: carrier proteins and channel proteins. (bionity.com)

The approach, devised by Xin Zhou at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts, and her colleagues, involves using modified antibodies they call TransTACs to join a surface protein to another common protein that is involved in transporting iron into cells. (newscientist.com)
The isolated CTCs are then cultured in tissue culture plates pre-coated with antibodies which capture the secreted protein of interest. (medscape.com)
One group of these proteins is called immunoglobulins, or antibodies, that are produced by specialized cells called B cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Abcam: antibodies, proteins, kits. (abcam.com)
Commercially-available reagents for HCP monitoring include antibodies raised against individual contaminants, as well as antibodies which have been developed to detect protein fractions derived from a specific cell line. (2bscientific.com)

The process leverages molecular farming to program plant cells to produce proteins and molecules like those made by animals - such as fats and sugars. (springwise.com)
The goals for advances in flow cytometry are clear: measure as many relevant target molecules per cell as quickly as possible. (nature.com)
Diffusion processes and local dynamic equilibria inside cells lead to nonuniform spatial distributions of molecules, which are essential for processes such as nuclear organization and signaling in cell division, differentiation and migration 1 . (nature.com)
Their in-vitro experiments uncovered a multi-stage biochemical process in which protein molecules are dissolved from the aggregates. (dkfz.de)
Prior to the current study, the scientists already knew that Rumi modifies Notch by adding glucose molecules to the protein. (bnl.gov)
How many protein molecules in a single cell? (cosmosmagazine.com)
Consider, for instance, this one: How many protein molecules in a single cell? (cosmosmagazine.com)
In the end, they discovered that most of the proteins fell into a fairly narrow range, containing between 1000 and 10,000 molecules. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Techniques and insight from this study will likely lead to new attempts to quantify protein molecules in human cells - and thus to insights into the mechanisms involved in protein-implicated diseases. (cosmosmagazine.com)
The NECTIN Protein is a family of cell-adhesion molecules that, so far, includes four members. (prospecbio.com)
The family of molecules will primarily regulate adhesion between two cells, although Nectin-like molecules - known as Necl - will perform other tasks at a cellular level. (prospecbio.com)
Brain cells have switches known as receptors that can be activated by endocannabinoids, a class of lipid molecules made by the body that are used for intercellular signaling in the brain. (salk.edu)

Here we describe a microscope based on light-sheet illumination 2 that allows massively parallel fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) 3 measurements and use it to visualize the diffusion and interactions of proteins in mammalian cells and in isolated fly tissue. (nature.com)
These include bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells such as CHO. (2bscientific.com)

It's an intricate process guided by these so-called "pioneer" transcription factors that gain access to the tightly packed DNA inside each cell so other specialized proteins can get in and activate the necessary genes. (newswise.com)
That opening allows other specialized, regulatory proteins to access the DNA and activate a network of silent genes that leads to the formation of internal organs. (newswise.com)
To make the new crystals, the researchers fused genes encoding ferritin and Inkabox-PAK4cat and expressed the new protein in human cells in a petri dish. (acs.org)
Zinc is needed to activate genes and to enable many proteins to function. (sciencedaily.com)
Genes Cells 11 , 1085-1096 (2006). (nature.com)
Scientists have long had the tools to identify the genes being transcribed in a single cell. (acs.org)
UPTON, NY-Scientists have captured atomic level snapshots showing how one key enzyme modifies a protein involved in turning genes on or off inside cells. (bnl.gov)
Understanding this process-which is particularly important when cells are first taking on specialized identities such as nerve cells, muscle, skin, and so on-helps explain how complex organisms can arise from a finite number of genes. (bnl.gov)
The aims of this study were to describe the surface proteome of A. urinae and to analyse A. urinae genomes in search for genes encoding surface proteins. (lu.se)
All isolates had either one or two of these asp-genes located in a conserved locus, designated Locus encoding Aerococcal Surface Proteins (LASP). (lu.se)
The 25 genomes had in median 13 genes encoding LPXTG-proteins (range 6-24). (lu.se)
Computational approaches are used for the genome annotation and identification of genes and encoded proteins . (bvsalud.org)

These enzymes are found throughout the cell membrane and allow the cell to synthesise and break down substances according the cell's requirements. (bionity.com)
Now, researchers to want to analyze a single cell's proteins too. (acs.org)
The activated BAX proteins congregated inside the cell's power plants, the mitochondria and caused cell death. (medindia.net)
Because BAX lies at the crossroads of the cell's decision to live or die, drugs that directly activate BAX could kill diseased cells like in cancer and BAX-blocking drugs could potentially prevent unwanted cell death, such as in heart attack, stroke, and neurodegeneration," Walensky added. (medindia.net)
The anthrax toxin proteins, including anthrax lethal factor, work together to disrupt a cell's defense system. (cdc.gov)

The presence of these proteins on the surface was also shown using ELISA with serum from rabbits immunized with the recombinant Asp. (lu.se)
Derived from the host organism used to express a recombinant protein drug, HCPs can affect the efficacy of the biomolecule and may also cause immunogenicity. (2bscientific.com)

Now researchers report that microbiota regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses. (sciencedaily.com)
Microbiota--the trillions of bacteria that co-exist in the body--regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses, according to a study led by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, published online in the Journal of Experimental Medicine . (sciencedaily.com)
The Heidelberg researchers also studied the co-chaperones that regulate Hsp70 activity in the protein complex. (dkfz.de)
Additionally, BRDs contain several catalytic domains that enable them to act as methyltransferases, ATP-dependent re-modellers or histone acetyltransferases and helicases ( 8 ) Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins are a family of transcriptional mediators that regulate gene expression ( 8 , 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
It binds on the DNA, exerting an effect on DNA to regulate the synthesis of proteins regulated by DNA. (cdc.gov)
These proteins regulate growth and development. (cdc.gov)
Taken together, the findings reveal a central role of DNA-PKcs in hydroquinone-induced hematotoxicity in which it coordinates DNA DSB repair, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis to regulate the response to hydroquinone-induced DNA damage. (cdc.gov)

In other words, determining the cellular location of proteins over time. (kth.se)
Using an antibody-based imaging approach, Paper I contains a subcellular map of 12 003 protein in 30 different cellular structures, freely accessible as part of the Human Protein Atlas (www.proteinatlas.org). (kth.se)
Single-cell omics provide insight into cellular heterogeneity and function. (nature.com)
If scientists could give living cells magnetic properties, they could perhaps manipulate cellular activities with external magnetic fields. (acs.org)
A protein found only in tardigrades provides cellular DNA with a unique form of protection. (livescience.com)
Cellular repair systems can dissolve aggregated proteins and now Heidelberg researchers have successfully decoded the fundamental mechanism that is key to dissolving these protein aggregates in human cells. (dkfz.de)
Our results place Kermit as a potential transducer of Go, linking Vang with motor proteins for its delivery to dedicated cellular compartments during PCP establishment. (nih.gov)
The changes in gene expression can lead to substances (example- hormones) being produced or changes in cellular activity that is required for the cells survival. (bionity.com)
Normally, adult, tissue-specific stem cells are held in a kind of cellular deep freeze called quiescence to avoid unnecessary cell division in the absence of injury. (stanford.edu)
This vital membrane protein family is involved in many cellular processes, including membrane fusion and apoptosis, or programmed cell death. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Adenine forms several biological compounds involved in a variety of cellular physiological processes such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cellular respiration and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in protein synthesis. (hindawi.com)
LA JOLLA-Salk Institute scientists have found preliminary evidence that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and other compounds found in marijuana can promote the cellular removal of amyloid beta, a toxic protein associated with Alzheimer's disease . (salk.edu)
Because FCoV spike protein plays critical roles in receptor binding (S1) and fusion (S2), we focused on structural changes in this protein and potential role in altered cellular tropism. (cdc.gov)
The coronavirus spike protein is a class I fusion protein, which typically requires activation by cellular proteases. (cdc.gov)
Protein-protein interactions are crucial in numerous cellular functions and biological processes that take place inside our body. (lu.se)
We have previously reported that exposure of workers to benzene and to benzene metabolite hydroquinone in cultured cells induced DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) to mediate the cellular response to DNA double strand break (DSB) caused by DNA-damaging metabolites. (cdc.gov)

They found that a small region of the FoxA 2 protein-just 10 amino acids of more than 460-were necessary for the protein to make an opening in the chromatin fiber. (newswise.com)
Proteins are first manufactured as long, sequential chains of amino acids and must assume a specific three-dimensional structure, i.e., fold, to be functional. (dkfz.de)
This system includes all of the components needed for protein synthesis: a highly active cell extract, an optimized T7 RNA polymerase, an RNase inhibitor and a protein synthesis reaction buffer containing energy source, nucleotides, and amino acids. (neb.com)
Bromodomains are proteins that contain modules of ~110 amino acids that recognize and bind acetylated lysine residues in histones and other proteins. (frontiersin.org)
Proteins are made from amino acids and are important parts of all cells and tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
In the normal U.S. diet, iodine intake is about 250 micrograms or ¼ milligram (mg) of iodine per day, which goes into the thyroid cells and is incorporated into amino acids called tyrosine (in a large thyroglobulin molecule). (cdc.gov)

They will highlight how automated 2-DE streamlines a number of research applications, including the detection of residual host cell proteins (HCPs) in quality control and drug validation. (the-scientist.com)
Host cell proteins (HCPs) are process-related impurities which occur during biopharmaceutical manufacturing. (2bscientific.com)

Cell wall proteomics, as well as numerous genetic or biochemical studies, have revealed the high diversity of CWPs, among which proteins acting on polysaccharides, proteases, oxido-reductases, lipid-related proteins and structural proteins. (mdpi.com)
Now single-cell proteomics is possible too, thanks to new methods in sample processing and analysis. (acs.org)
Researchers are putting single-cell proteomics to work in fields like developmental biology, cell biology, cancer biology, and neuroscience. (acs.org)
And as the sensitivity of mass spectrometers has improved, researchers have realized that they can finally achieve single-cell proteomics. (acs.org)
Nikolai Slavov, a systems biologist at Northeastern University, is a pioneer in single-cell proteomics. (acs.org)
Two proteins, denoted Aerococcal surface protein (Asp) 1 and 2, were through the use of mass spectrometry based proteomics found to quantitatively dominate the aerococcal surface. (lu.se)
Samples were tested for cytokine production, markers of gut barrier integrity, metabolite profiles, and analysis of the fecal proteins (fecal proteomics). (medscape.com)
After FMT, fecal proteomics detected 301 proteins composed of 154 of human origin - mostly related to gut barrier protection - and 147 of bacterial origin - mostly enzymes - at days 7, 30, and up to 90. (medscape.com)

Molecular signals begin dictating what organs an embryo's stem cells will give rise to in the body-such as the liver or pancreas-within the first two weeks of development. (newswise.com)
STANDING OUT Scientists used to think that ribosomes, molecular machines that build proteins, are identical and interchangeable. (sciencenews.org)
Barna reported the findings December 5 at the joint meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology and European Molecular Biology Organization. (sciencenews.org)
If such aggregates form, they can damage the cells and even cause the cells to die, which we see in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s and Parkinson s, and even in ageing processes, explains Prof. Dr. Bernd Bukau, Director of the Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH), who is also a researcher at the German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ). (dkfz.de)
This complex consists of molecular folding helpers, the chaperones, which in this case belong to the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) class. (dkfz.de)
Yeast is the only organism that has been studied often and thoroughly enough to produce sufficient information to permit large scale analysis of the molecular make-up of cell proteins - but that didn't mean the job of Brown's team was simply one of mathematics. (cosmosmagazine.com)
The study, published in the journal Cell Systems , isn't merely a work of curiosity - a question perhaps for a molecular biology round at a pub trivia quiz - but potentially the key to some very serious research. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Researchers from the Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH) have succeeded in determining the three-dimensional structure of a molecular machine responsible for the correct placement of an important membrane protein family - the so-called "tail-anchored" membrane proteins, or TA proteins for short. (uni-heidelberg.de)
They are detected by molecular sorting machines that deliver the protein to its destination. (uni-heidelberg.de)
BZH researchers led by Prof. Dr Irmgard Sinning recently determined the three-dimensional structure of the molecular machine that inserts the TA proteins into the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - an important distribution network inside the cell that is connected to all other organelles. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Thus, it will be of great interest to explore the function of the Asp proteins of A. urinae to establish a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which A. urinae cause disease. (lu.se)
Optimizing CFPS reactions such as including molecular chaperones and immunity proteins enabled significant improvement of solubility and activity of colicins. (aiche.org)
2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) is a powerful technique for separating proteins by isoelectric point and molecular weight. (the-scientist.com)
Molecular profiling studies suggests ependymomas in different anatomical compartments are distinct and disparate diseases, with unique cells of origin and genetic drivers. (cam.ac.uk)
HITS research group leader Prof. Dr. Rebecca Wade, who also conducts research at the ZMBH, notes that this molecular-level modelling was essential for understanding the dynamic interactions underlying the coordinated activity of the two types of J-proteins in the chaperone complex. (uni-heidelberg.de)
When we were able to identify the molecular basis of the inflammatory response to amyloid beta, it became clear that THC-like compounds that the nerve cells make themselves may be involved in protecting the cells from dying. (salk.edu)
In this work, for the first time, we adopt a multidisciplinary approach to characterize the morphological, biochemical, and molecular changes underlying the response of human bone marrow stromal cells to long-term simulated microgravity exposure during osteogenic differentiation. (lu.se)

The intracellular domain enables the protein to bind a scaffold protein known as adafin. (prospecbio.com)
If we can increase the production of intracellular C3 in these cells, it may help the cells survive longer so that the treatment can be more effective," says Ben C King, associate professor of inflammation research at Lund University, and co-senior author of the study. (lu.se)
Anna Blom hopes that the new study will pave the way for new research that can increase our knowledge about the significance of intracellular proteins in the development of diabetes and other diseases. (lu.se)
This is a basic course in flow cytometry, which covers various applications of the technique, such as analysis of extracellular and intracellular proteins, analysis of cell viability and cell proliferation, detection of proteins in solution and cell sorting. (lu.se)

Protein & Cell is a monthly peer-reviewed open access journal covering protein and cell biology. (wikipedia.org)
This Special Issue, "Plant Cell Wall Proteins and Development", will cover a selection of recent research topics in the field of cell wall biology focused on cell wall proteins and their roles during development. (mdpi.com)
We now understand that this pioneer factor, FoxA2, grabs the chromosomal proteins, known as histones, and exposes the DNA region," said the study's corresponding author Kenneth S. Zaret, PhD, the Joseph Leidy Professor in the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Director of Penn's Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IRM). (newswise.com)
Measurements of cell mixtures can hide differences between cells that might be important in biology or disease studies. (acs.org)
Rando, who also directs Stanford's Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging , is the senior author of the study, published April 18 in Cell Reports . (stanford.edu)
Rodgers is now an assistant professor of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine at the University of Southern California. (stanford.edu)
Small membrane proteins like those found in the GET insertion machine are a challenge for structural biology, so our research required innovative ideas," adds structural biologist Dr Melanie McDowell. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Additionally, we detected hundreds of proteins with previously unknown relations to mitosis and the cell cycle, many being linked to proliferation and oncogenic functions. (kth.se)
However, the mechanism by which adenine inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells is sketchy. (hindawi.com)
In this study, we investigated the effects of adenine against the proliferation of colon cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
These include cell movement and proliferation. (prospecbio.com)

With minimal instrumentation (four 96-well plates and a multichannel pipette), cell-specific codes are added to each tagged molecule within cells through sequential rounds of classical split-pool synthesis. (nature.com)
Watch this tutorial explaining the streamlined workflow for our new NEBExpress ® Cell-free Protein Synthesis System to learn how you can easily synthesize your protein in as little as 2 to 4 hours. (neb.com)
The NEBExpress Cell-free E.coli Protein Synthesis System can synthesize protein in just 2 to 4 hours. (neb.com)
Once the template DNA is purified, thaw the NEBExpress Cell-free E. coli Protein Synthesis System components on ice. (neb.com)
Gently vortex the NEBExpress S30 Synthesis Extract and Protein Synthesis Buffer to mix. (neb.com)
Combine the following in a 1.5 ml microcentrifuge tube: 12 µl of NEBExpress S30 Synthesis Extract, 25 µl of 2X Protein Synthesis Buffer, 1µl of T7 RNA Polymerase, 1 µl of RNase Inhibitor, 250 ng of DNA template, and nuclease free water to total reaction volume of 50 µl. (neb.com)
Protein synthesis using cell-free protein synthesis reagent kit consists of three stages: preparation of transcription template, transcription and translation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Colicins, a type of antimicrobial bacteriocins, are considered as a viable alternative of conventional antibiotics due to their unique cell killing mechanisms that can damage cells by pore-forming on the cell membrane, nuclease activity, and cell wall synthesis inhibition. (aiche.org)
We utilized cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) to produce colicins, as CFPS offers rapid protein production and characterization of such toxic proteins without cell-viability constraints and the need for protein puriï¬ cation. (aiche.org)
The action of hormones are transduced by regulating the synthesis of proteins (5% of proteins in the body are regulated by thyroid hormone). (cdc.gov)
The thyroid hormone regulates energy and fat metabolism and protein synthesis by regulating different enzymes that are involved in those processes. (cdc.gov)

E1 and E2) produced by CFPS based on crude Escherichia coli lysates are active in eradicating persister cells induced by ciprofloxacin, by up to six orders of magnitude of cell viability reduction. (aiche.org)
Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. (hindawi.com)
Adenine significantly inhibited the viability of colon cancer cells, HT29 and Caco-2 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. (hindawi.com)
Inhibition of cell viability was assessed with focus on apoptosis transcriptionally and translationally. (hindawi.com)

Because the proteins naturally reside in an aqueous environment inside a cell membrane, it took some creative chemistry to keep the approximately 2 billion isolated proteins functional on a solid surface. (sciencenews.org)
세포막(cell membrane) 또는 원형질막(plasma membrane)은 끊임없이 변화하는 풍경과 같습니다. (jove.com)
세포는 많은 종류의 막 단백질(membrane protein)을 함유하고 있으며 (적혈구는 50가지 이상을 함유하고 있습니다) 세포 유형에 따라 다양한 군의 막 단백질을 함유하고 있습니다. (jove.com)
Since 1972 the 'Fluid Mosaic Model' has been used to describe the structure of the cell membrane. (bionity.com)
This model consists of a phospholipids bi-layer and a variety of proteins spread throughout the membrane surface. (bionity.com)
Proteins themselves play an important role in the membrane to ensure the cell can live as efficiently and effectively as possible. (bionity.com)
These proteins are found dispersed as markers throughout the membrane. (bionity.com)
Another example of proteins in the cell membrane is receptor proteins. (bionity.com)
Receptor cells extend right across the cell membrane and have active sites specific to an antigen or substrate. (bionity.com)
It's a protein chain that spans the cell membrane with complicated 3D folding-including 36 repeating "beads on a necklace" folds that can each be modified in different ways to affect the protein's overall function. (bnl.gov)
Over a quarter of all proteins in a cell are found in the membrane, where they perform vital functions. (uni-heidelberg.de)
To fulfil these roles, membrane proteins must be reliably transported from their site of production in the cell to their destination and correctly inserted into the target membrane. (uni-heidelberg.de)
A major portion of the proteins in a cell are membrane proteins, i.e. components of the fine membranes (from the Latin membrana) that envelop every cell as well as its small organs, the organelles. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Membrane proteins can form channels or pores and perform fundamental tasks such as transport of substances and signal transmission. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Therefore, the correct insertion of a membrane protein is crucial for it to fulfil its biological role and, in turn, for the proper function of the cell. (uni-heidelberg.de)
But what ensures that the protein ends up at the right membrane and is integrated at the right spot? (uni-heidelberg.de)
Specific signal sequences, small sections of proteins that act like "post codes", are vital for delivery to the correct location and proper insertion into the membrane. (uni-heidelberg.de)
In some proteins, the signal sequence is found at the end of the molecule, known to scientists as "tail-anchored" or TA membrane proteins. (uni-heidelberg.de)
This type of high-resolution structural information is essential to understand the final steps of the protein insertion process into the ER membrane," explains Prof. Sinning, who directs a research group at the BZH. (uni-heidelberg.de)
The GET insertion machine is responsible for the correct insertion of TA proteins into the ER membrane. (uni-heidelberg.de)
The third one (Get3) is located outside the membrane, acting as the TA protein deliverer. (uni-heidelberg.de)
All three components of the GET insertion machine are essential for the correct insertion of the TA protein into the target membrane. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Get2 takes the protein from the deliverer and essentially "pushes" it towards the cavity in the interior of the membrane. (uni-heidelberg.de)
The GET insertion machine provides the TA proteins with an energetically favourable route into the membrane," states Prof. Sinning. (uni-heidelberg.de)
Heidelberg University therefore established a cryo-EM network (HDcryoNet), making the structural analysis of small membrane protein complexes like the GET insertion machine possible. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Newswise - PHILADELPHIA - Early on in each cell, a critical protein known as FoxA2 simultaneously binds to both the chromosomal proteins and the DNA, opening the flood gates for gene activation, according to a new study led by researchers in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania . (newswise.com)
These magnetic protein crystals, isolated from cells, were stained with a blue dye that binds to iron. (acs.org)
The protective protein binds to cell structures that contain DNA. (livescience.com)
Even though the CD4 co-receptor increases the sensitivity of T cell signalling manyfold, it binds to its ligand, peptide major histocompatibility complex II (pMHCII), with the lowest binding affinity known to this day. (lu.se)

Inspired by the efficiency with which plants convert sunlight into sugar, researchers have fabricated a solar cell that uses photosynthetic proteins to convert light into electricity. (sciencenews.org)
Such a shift, the researchers realized, overwhelms the machinery of protein quality control and impairs the functionality of the proteins. (genengnews.com)
So far, researchers assumed that neurodegeneration and dementia appear to be mainly caused by aberrant protein species accumulating in aggregates. (genengnews.com)
For decades, researchers in Penn's IRM have been pulling back the curtain on this process as they work toward developing new cells for transplantation and tissue repair as part of treatment for common problems like liver or heart disease. (newswise.com)
In this latest study, the team of researchers, co-led by Makiko Iwafuchi, PhD , who performed the work while at Penn and is now at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, first used in vitro genetic techniques to investigate the interaction of FoxA with chromosomal proteins at the same time it interacts with DNA. (newswise.com)
To study the production of IgA within the lungs, the researchers used mouse models to isolate specialized cells called dendritic cells and cultured them with antibody-producing B cells. (sciencedaily.com)
To the researchers' surprise, they found that when they isolated lung dendritic cells from "germ free" or antibiotic-treated mice, the production of IgA was highly impaired. (sciencedaily.com)
Now, researchers reporting in ACS' Nano Letters have engineered genetically encoded protein crystals that can generate magnetic forces many times stronger than those already reported. (acs.org)
The researchers wondered if they could line the hollow interiors of the crystals with ferritin proteins to store larger amounts of iron that would generate substantial magnetic forces. (acs.org)
The researchers then broke open the cells, isolated the crystals and added iron, which enabled them to pull the crystals around with external magnets. (acs.org)
By introducing crystals that were pre-loaded with iron to living cells, the researchers could move the cells around with a magnet. (acs.org)
Researchers report that they have deciphered the inner workings of a protein called YiiP that prevents the lethal buildup of zinc inside bacteria. (sciencedaily.com)
To answer that question, researchers peered closely at a compound found only in tardigrades: the so-called damage-suppressor protein, or Dsup. (livescience.com)
The researchers report that very little was known about how our natural defences reverse the process of protein aggregation so effectively in young healthy cells. (dkfz.de)
The researchers succeeded in identifying a previously unknown, multi-component protein complex that efficiently solubilizes stress-induced protein aggregates in vitro. (dkfz.de)
Researchers have long had tools to look at nucleic acids at the single-cell level, but studying single cells' proteins hasn't been as easy. (acs.org)
Pretreatment with a stem-cell-activating protein significantly enhances healing in mice, Stanford researchers say. (stanford.edu)
These cells entered what the researchers called an "alert" phase of the cell cycle that is distinct from either fully resting or fully active stem cells. (stanford.edu)
After 2.5 days, the researchers found that muscle stem cells from the recipient animals were in an alert state and completed their first cell division much more quickly than occurred in animals that had received blood serum from uninjured mice. (stanford.edu)
Researchers have provided new insight on how two proteins help influenza A virus particles fight their way to human cells. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The Heidelberg researchers uncovered this unexpected detail concerning the interaction between Get2 and Get3 during their analysis of the protein structure. (uni-heidelberg.de)
2-DE offers fine-scale resolution of thousands of proteins and, unlike traditional SDS-PAGE, allows researchers to distinguish and characterize different protein isoforms and post-translational modifications (PTMs). (the-scientist.com)
By directly activated this trigger, the researchers were able to kill laboratory cells by setting off their self-destruct mechanism. (medindia.net)
Researchers at Lund University have instead chosen to investigate what protects the insulin-producing cells. (lu.se)
Researchers at Lund University have studied a protein called C3, which plays a central role in the body's immune system. (lu.se)
Previous studies by the same researchers have shown that C3 is also present inside cells and plays an important role there. (lu.se)
An objective among many diabetes researchers is to create treatments where stem cells are taken from the patient and converted into insulin-producing cells, which are then transplanted back into the patient. (lu.se)
Among researchers studying the immune system, there is no consensus on whether C3 plays a significant role inside our cells. (lu.se)

These ribosomes may not build all kinds of proteins, instead opting to craft only specialty products. (sciencenews.org)
There are many different kinds of proteins in the body, and they have many different functions. (medlineplus.gov)

In cells, helper proteins make protein aggregates less soluble, relieving pressure on soluble, functional proteins. (genengnews.com)
Helper proteins, or chaperones, play the role of the professional organizer who effectively keeps all the junk in the dumpster. (genengnews.com)
However, in contrast to the aggregates found in short-lived animals, these deposits were enriched with helper proteins, which apparently prevented the toxic effects normally exerted by aggregates. (genengnews.com)
The key finding of our work is that two types of these J-proteins must dynamically interact to maximally activate the Hsp70 helper proteins to dissolve the protein aggregates. (uni-heidelberg.de)

The paper 'Influenza A virus surface proteins are organized to help penetrate host mucus' can be freely accessed online at https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.43764. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
For other Gram-positive bacteria, cell wall-anchored surface proteins with an LPXTG-motif play a key role for virulence. (lu.se)

Worse, cells that burden themselves with toxic protein aggregates age more quickly. (genengnews.com)
In the case of neural cells, protein aggregates are associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's disease. (genengnews.com)
Notably, the properties by which proteins are selected for aggregation differ in the daf-2 mutant, and an increased formation of aggregates associated with small heat-shock proteins is observed. (genengnews.com)
Surprisingly, the long-lived worms increasingly deposited surplus and harmful proteins in insoluble aggregates, thus relieving pressure on the soluble, functional proteome. (genengnews.com)
These findings demonstrate that the cells specifically accumulate chaperone-rich protein aggregates as a safety mechanism. (genengnews.com)
Indeed, it is known that insoluble protein aggregates also accumulate in the brains of healthy elderly people. (genengnews.com)
Dynamics of yeast prion aggregates in single living cells. (nature.com)
Protein aggregates can also occur through changes in the protein structure due to mutation or chemical or environmental stresses. (dkfz.de)
The formation of protein aggregates in different organs of the human body is associated with a large number of diseases, including metabolic disorders, explains the ZMBH Director. (dkfz.de)
Dissolving protein aggregates is a critical step in recycling defective proteins and providing protection against stress-induced cell damage. (dkfz.de)
The co-chaperones of the so-called J-protein family are key, in that they lure the Hsp70 folding helpers to the protein aggregates and activate them precisely at their target. (dkfz.de)

Both of these latter techniques risk changes to the metabolism during cell preparation and barcoding prior to cell lysis- since both approaches, generally, rely on the use of live cells 30 . (nature.com)

One of these target proteins, called Notch, is the major receptor that controls the development of multicellular organisms. (bnl.gov)
One of these target proteins … plays an important role in how cells sense their neighbors … and how much they should grow-like a master controller. (bnl.gov)

We have chosen a different approach that aims to understand what protects the insulin-producing cells," says Anna Blom, professor of protein chemistry at Lund University, who led the study. (lu.se)

containing proteins include the Ran-GTP binding importin and exportin cargo transport proteins. (cellsignal.com)
Finally, transport proteins play an important role in the maintenance of concentrations of ions and such like. (bionity.com)

Thirdly, enzyme proteins are crucial in producing a variety of substances essential for cell function. (bionity.com)
This ensures that useful substances are able to enter the cell and that toxic substances can leave the cell. (bionity.com)
A critical aspect of therapeutic development and manufacture is host cell protein (HCP) detection, quantitation, and removal from drug substances, to ensure efficacy and prevent immunogenicity. (labmanager.com)

These systems also produce endogenous proteins (HCPs), which can have significant implications for the efficacy, toxicity, and immunogenicity of the final drug product, and must be removed during manufacture. (labmanager.com)
Cytiva solutions are designed to detect and quantify HCPs in process-derived samples harvested from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines, and overcome many of the limitations of existing assay products. (labmanager.com)

Apart from enabling exploration of the organellar proteomes, we conclude that half of the human proteins localize to multiple compartments, and that almost one fifth display cell-to-cell variations in terms of protein expression. (kth.se)
The human body contains approximately ten times as many bacterial cells as human cells. (sciencedaily.com)
The resulting crystals, which grew to about 45 microns in length (or about half the diameter of a human hair) after 3 days, did not affect cell survival. (acs.org)
They say understanding YiiP's movements will help in the design of drugs aimed at modifying the behavior of ZnT proteins, eight human proteins that are similar to YiiP, which play important roles in hormone secretion and in signaling between neurons. (sciencedaily.com)
YiiP is found partially embedded in the membranes of the bacterium E. coli, where it has a similar function to the ZnT human proteins. (sciencedaily.com)
when added to human cells, Dsup safeguards against damage from X-rays. (livescience.com)
And while prior studies found that this protein made human cells resistant to X-ray radiation, the mechanisms of how Dsup did that were uncertain. (livescience.com)
Proteins in all cells from bacteria to human are folded in their native state. (dkfz.de)
Human cervix cells under magnification. (acs.org)
Li's team studied samples of a fruit-fly derived version of Rumi in complex with a Notch "surrogate"-a human protein with a Notch-like fold-that were provided by Haltiwanger. (bnl.gov)
An adult human consists of an estimated 100 billion cells. (uni-heidelberg.de)
We identified a switch that turns BAX on, and we believe this discovery can be used to develop drugs that turn on or turn off cell death in human disease by targeting BAX," Nature quoted Walensky, who is also an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School, as saying. (medindia.net)
For this reason, the influence of an adhesion molecule, rat CD2, on the obtained binding kinetics of the human CD4 co-receptor was initially examined showing that the accumulation of CD4 was influenced when having a high concentration of bound CD2 inside the cell-SLB contacts. (lu.se)
Practical parts will be performed on human immune cells in our cell lab, and samples will be analysed on BD FACS Canto and BD FACS Aria II instruments. (lu.se)
Both ricin and abrin work by entering human cells and preventing the cells from making the proteins they need. (cdc.gov)
Inhibition of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit by small molecule inhibitor NU7026 sensitizes human leukemic K562 cells to benzene metabolite-induced apoptosis. (cdc.gov)

This is supported by pharmacological targeting where the first-generation pan-BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1(+) displays anti-inflammatory effects and inhibit tumor cell eradication, while the novel bivalent BET bromodomain inhibitor AZD5153, which shows differential activity towards BET family members, does not. (frontiersin.org)

To infect cells without getting stuck in the mucus, influenza A relies on a balance between two proteins on the surface of its viral particles: the receptor-binding protein hemagglutinin (HA) and the cleaving protein neuraminidase (NA). (infectioncontroltoday.com)
One of the most important interactions that Nectin proteins engage in is with the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF), as this encourages tissue development and regeneration. (prospecbio.com)
The results showed a relatively small spread in the rCD2-rCD48T92A binding affinity values despite the considerable spread of receptor densities within the cell population. (lu.se)
Further experiments revealed peptidoglycan as the binding receptor as a purified GW domain fusion protein can bind to L. monocytogenes cells lacking wall teichoic acid (WTA) as well as purified peptidoglycan derived from a wild-type or WTA-negative strain . (bvsalud.org)
It regulates the receptor for cholesterol, takes it out of the blood stream and puts it into the cells. (cdc.gov)

[ 119 ] Further studies are warranted to better characterize circulating cells identified by this technique. (medscape.com)
The aim of this project is to address the most important of these questions:1)To characterize, in depth CD8 memory cells ge nerated against soluble proteins by cross-priming compared to those generated after viral or bacterial infection against the same antigen2) To study the effect of antigen localisation on the development of memory CD8 T cells. (europa.eu)
In this thesis, total internal fluorescence microscopy (TIRF) and single-molecule imaging were used to observe and characterize protein-functionalized supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) interacting with immune cells to obtain the binding kinetics of various protein-protein pairs. (lu.se)

Further, when the germ-free mice were fed with a component of bacterial cell wall called LPS, the lung dendritic cells started instructing B cells to produce IgA again. (sciencedaily.com)
We examined the expression of p16 and Rb protein by means of immunohistochemistry in 61 non-small cell lung cancers and have demonstrated an inverse relationship between the expression of p16 and Rb protein: 28/30 specimens that did not stain for p16 stained for Rb and 21/31 p16-positive specimens did not stain for Rb. (nih.gov)

In addition to the ubiquitous apical-basal polarity, epithelial cells are often polarized within the plane of the tissue--the phenomenon known as planar cell polarity (PCP). (nih.gov)
Rodgers and his colleagues found that a protein called hepatocyte growth factor, which exists in a latent form in the spaces between muscle cells and tissue, can activate a critical signaling pathway in the cells by binding to their surfaces. (stanford.edu)

Damaged proteins lose their structure, unfold and then tend to clump together. (dkfz.de)
Prof. Bukau explains notes that damaged proteins clump not only during the ageing process. (dkfz.de)

In this webinar brought to you by MilliporeSigma, explore how automating 2D electrophoresis brings increased resolution to protein detection and characterization. (the-scientist.com)
In this webinar sponsored by MilliporeSigma, scientists will introduce how 2-DE can be fully automated using the Auto2D® Electrophoresis Device, improving speed, protein separation, and reproducibility. (the-scientist.com)
Lipoprotein electrophoresis determines the amount of proteins made up of protein and fat, called lipoproteins (such as LDL cholesterol). (medlineplus.gov)

If the transporter proteins malfunction, zinc concentrations can reach toxic levels. (sciencedaily.com)
This study ï¬ nds that colicins can eradicate antibiotic-tolerant bacteria and biofilm cells and that CFPS is a promising platform for rapid production, optimization, and characterization of toxic proteins. (aiche.org)

Additionally, 65 proteins were detected on the chromosomal periphery during mitosis, and these could be further divided into two recruitment phenotypes with different temporal profiles. (kth.se)
Zaret's lab continues to investigate FoxA and other pioneer factors to learn how they may open up the chromatin and interact with chromosomal proteins, similar to FoxA or perhaps in other ways. (newswise.com)

In this prototype solar cell, photosynthetic proteins (spheres embedded in yellow peptides) absorb light and pump electrons (e-) into a silver electrode. (sciencenews.org)

Slaughter, B.D., Schwartz, J.W. & Li, R. Mapping dynamic protein interactions in MAP kinase signaling using live-cell fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy and imaging. (nature.com)
The data showed that adenine activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling contributing to autophagic cell death through mTOR in both colon cancer cell lines. (hindawi.com)
Involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in anticancer property of adenine was also investigated. (hindawi.com)
Treatment with NU7026 did not alter the production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress by hydroquinone but repressed the protein level of DNA-PKcs and blocked the induction of the kinase mRNA and protein expression by hydroquinone. (cdc.gov)

We thought this fascinating protein in an extreme organism might tell us something new that we wouldn't get from regular proteins," said study co-author James Kadonaga, a professor with the Division of Biological Sciences at the University of California, San Diego. (livescience.com)
Secondly, cell recognition proteins allow cells to recognise each other as from the same organism. (bionity.com)
This concept ensures the immune system can work efficiently by knowing what cells are 'foreign' to the organism. (bionity.com)

The pituitary gland produces thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) that goes into the blood stream to activate thyroid cells, which then secrete T3 and T4 into the peripheral tissues. (cdc.gov)

Epithelial immunospot (EPISPOT) is an antibody-based method for quantification of live CTCs by detection of CTCs which are capable of secreting proteins such as cathepsin D, MUC1 and CK19. (medscape.com)
It was concluded that circulating epithelial cells may be present in patients with benign inflammatory colon which were detectable by CTC assays. (medscape.com)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells (ie, small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis). (medscape.com)

Using the protein location data from Paper I and Paper II, Paper III presents an image-based characterization of the nucleolar proteome. (kth.se)
Paper IV presents a systematic dissection of the variable proteome drafted in Paper I. We show evidence for 539 proteins being correlated to cell cycle variations, of which a minority are also cycling at a transcriptional level, suggesting protein regulation at a translational or post-translational level. (kth.se)
Evidence that widespread aggregation of surplus proteins can hasten death was presented May 7 in the journal Cell, in an article entitled, "Widespread Proteome Remodeling and Aggregation in Aging C. elegans . (genengnews.com)
In this study we will present our recent efforts integrating transcriptome, proteome, interactome, and genome wide mapping of Fusion proteins (as well as their individual components) to understand the mechanisms by which neural stem cells transform to form ependymomas. (cam.ac.uk)
The investigation of cell proteome highlighted how simulated microgravity affects a relatively low number of proteins compared to time and/or osteogenic factors and has allowed us to reconstruct a hypothetical pipeline for cell response to simulated microgravity. (lu.se)

Serum proteins are classified as albumin or globulins. (medlineplus.gov)
Albumin is the most abundant protein in the serum. (medlineplus.gov)
Albumin, which is produced by the liver, is often reduced in chronic liver disease but "after FMT, blood albumin levels were found to increase dramatically because the liver is reset to produce this protein. (medscape.com)

After they had profiled more than 5,000 proteins, the scientists were able to see that one-third of proteins had changed in abundance at least twofold during aging. (genengnews.com)
To understand these mechanisms, spatially resolved quantitative measurements of protein abundance, mobilities and interactions are needed, but current methods have limited capabilities to study dynamic parameters. (nature.com)
To make the finding, a team led by Grant Brown from the University of Toronto in Canada combined the data from just under two dozen large studies looking at protein abundance in yeast cells. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Protein abundance has been studied in many different contexts. (cosmosmagazine.com)

Our results indirectly support the theory that p16 expression is negatively regulated by the functional Rb protein. (nih.gov)

Firstly, structural proteins are found attached to microfilaments in the cytoskeleton which ensures stability of the cell. (bionity.com)
The FCoV genome is ≈29 kB and has 11 open reading frames encoding replicative, structural, and accessory proteins ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)

There are other examples of proteins modified by other simple sugars, but Rumi is the first enzyme known to specifically add glucose. (bnl.gov)

Scientists identified mechanisms governing immune cells, selectively removing troublemakers to reshape skin immunity. (medindia.net)
We explored the possible mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of adenine in colorectal cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
In a manuscript published in June 2016's Aging and Mechanisms of Disease , the Salk team studied nerve cells altered to produce high levels of amyloid beta to mimic aspects of Alzheimer's disease. (salk.edu)

Additionally, colicinsâ cell killing activity is target-specific by recognizing receptors of the target cells without influencing other bacteria. (aiche.org)

A new kind of medicine that destroys specific proteins on the surface of cells could lead to better therapies for conditions such as cancer. (newscientist.com)
[ 115-117 ] In cancer cell line spike-in experiments, this method was capable of detecting one cancer cell per 5 ml blood. (medscape.com)
Also, cathepsin D or MUC1 secreting cells were successfully detected in breast cancer patients but not in healthy controls. (medscape.com)
[ 115 ] Moreover, CK19 releasing cells were found to be detectable in up to 65 and 70% of CRC and breast cancer patients, respectively, and correlated with presence of metastasis and poor survival in breast cancer. (medscape.com)
The immune system produces a complex range of proteins and chemicals to protect against infections, allergies and cancer. (sciencedaily.com)
The research team suggests that the newly discovered 'trigger point' called BAX can help design new drugs that would force malignant cancer cells to commit suicide. (medindia.net)
In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effects of adenine and the underlying mechanism in colon cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
Our findings suggest that adenine inhibits the growth of colon cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
Anticancer activity of adenine in colon cancer cells is attributable to the activation of apoptotic signaling and in turn the AMPK/mTOR pathway. (hindawi.com)
Recently, adenine has been explored for its anticancer property in several types of cancer cell lines. (hindawi.com)
Adenine has been suggested to induce cell cycle arrest in cancer cells, leading to cell death [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is of interest to explore the inhibitory effect of adenine on the growth of colorectal cancer cells and to determine the underlying mechanism. (hindawi.com)
Abrin is used in medical research because of its potential as a treatment to kill cancer cells. (cdc.gov)
Abrin has some potential medical uses, such as in treatment to kill cancer cells. (cdc.gov)

Adenine improves the survival of rat Purkinje cells and enhances the storage of erythrocyte in whole blood [ 6 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, recent studies analyzing the genomes and transcriptomes of 500 primary ependymomas have reinforced these findings, showing that C11orf95-RELA fusion proteins are found within ~70% of forebrain (supratentorial) ependymomas and correlated with negative overall survival. (cam.ac.uk)

Although other studies have offered evidence that cannabinoids might be neuroprotective against the symptoms of Alzheimer's, we believe our study is the first to demonstrate that cannabinoids affect both inflammation and amyloid beta accumulation in nerve cells," says Salk Professor David Schubert , the senior author of the paper. (salk.edu)
Inflammation within the brain is a major component of the damage associated with Alzheimer's disease, but it has always been assumed that this response was coming from immune-like cells in the brain, not the nerve cells themselves," says Antonio Currais, a postdoctoral researcher in Schubert's laboratory and first author of the paper. (salk.edu)
In general, alpha and gamma globulin protein levels increase when there is inflammation in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
Their research shows that a protein of the immune system protects the insulin-producing cells from inflammation and death. (lu.se)
Although there are many differences between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, there are also similarities, such as inflammation of the insulin-producing cells. (lu.se)
It is already known that a protein called IL-1B can cause inflammation and damage to the insulin-producing cells. (lu.se)

Imaging the mobility of heterochromatin protein HP1α (ref. 4 ) in cell nuclei we could provide high-resolution diffusion maps that reveal euchromatin areas with heterochromatin-like HP1α-chromatin interactions. (nature.com)

In the longer run, this also means better understanding of cells in the context of health and disease, since protein malfunction and mislocalization are two important factors during disease development. (kth.se)

ABSTRACT This study evaluated peripheral eosinophil and serum eosinophilic cationic protein (s-ECP) levels as markers of asthma control. (who.int)

Understanding how proteins interact entails studying the binding affinity (strength) and the lifetime (duration) of the protein-protein interaction to better decompose how an immune response is initiated and how we can explore this knowledge to treat diseases. (lu.se)
In the first part of this thesis, the interaction between the rat CD2 (rCD2) adhesion protein and its ligand rat CD48T92A (rCD48T92A), a high-affinity mutant of the wild type rat CD48, was used to establish a new method of obtaining single-cell binding affinities of T cells interacting with SLBs using imidazole titrations. (lu.se)
The lifetime of the rCD2/rCD48T92A interaction was also investigated using single-molecule imaging and tracking displaying a similarly small lifetime spread within the cell population. (lu.se)
Later, the studies focused on the CD4-TCR-MHC II ternary complex where it was demonstrated that the presence of L3-12 TCR strongly supported the CD4-MHC II interaction by increasing the local density of MHC II inside the cell-SLB contacts. (lu.se)

The fact that muscle stem cells distant from the injury were alerted indicated that the damaged muscle must release a soluble factor that can travel throughout the body to wake up quiescent stem cells. (stanford.edu)
Study of the generation of CD8 memory T cells against soluble proteins: A step toward a new vaccine design? (europa.eu)
Therefore, it is important to identify new ways of making safe vaccines able to generate strong CD8 me mory cells against soluble proteins. (europa.eu)
We have previously shown that we can generate strong primary CD8 responses against soluble proteins by co-administrating a natural adjuvant, IFN-a/b. (europa.eu)

To make the solar cell, a team of biologists and engineers led by Marc Baldo of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) harvested photosynthetic proteins from spinach and the bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides and deposited the proteins onto a glass support. (sciencenews.org)
To test this idea and to find out which inner segments of the protein make up the channel, the team collaborated with scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory to shine intense X-rays at the protein while it was immersed in water. (sciencedaily.com)
It was very hard to get sufficient samples," said Hongjun Yu, a postdoctoral scientist working with Li and the first author of the paper, noting that the proteins make very small crystals with a hard to solve structure. (bnl.gov)
The iodine is what the cells need to make the thyroid hormone. (cdc.gov)

At least, it is if the cell in question belongs to yeast. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Every yeast cell contains 6000 proteins. (cosmosmagazine.com)
This insertion machine, which has barely changed over the course of evolution from yeast to man, consists of three protein building blocks. (uni-heidelberg.de)

[ 116 , 118 ] However, a recent report found that CK19 releasing cells could also be detected in patients with benign colon diseases such as diverticulosis and Crohn's disease. (medscape.com)
In pancreatic beta cells, high concentrations of zinc are found inside the packages of insulin that they produce, although its precise role there is unknown. (sciencedaily.com)
Understanding the way the protein works, especially which segments of the protein do what, will help us design better drugs to moderate its activity wherever it is found," says Fu. (sciencedaily.com)
Some of the proteins that allow tardigrades to revive after being dried out are found in other organisms, but Dsup is exclusive to water bears. (livescience.com)
H untington, E longation Factor 3, PR65/ A , T OR) is found in the four diverse eukaryotic proteins for which the domain is named. (cellsignal.com)
repeats are found in proteins involved in translation including eIF4Gs, p97/DAP5, Paip-1, GCN1 and FRAP/mTOR. (cellsignal.com)
Mice given the priming protein recover muscle function more quickly after damage, their skin heals more rapidly and even the shaved area around the injury regrows hair more quickly, the study found. (stanford.edu)
They have found a previously undetected trigger point on a naturally occurring "death protein" that helps the body get rid of unwanted or diseased cells. (medindia.net)
In separate but related research, his lab found an Alzheimer's drug candidate called J147 that also removes amyloid beta from nerve cells and reduces the inflammatory response in both nerve cells and the brain. (salk.edu)
The protein is secreted from cells and is found in large quantities in the blood. (lu.se)
We found novel proteins were dysregulated under simulated microgravity, including CSC1-like protein, involved in the mechanotransduction of pressure signals, and PTPN11, SLC44A1 and MME which are involved in osteoblast differentiation pathways and which may become the focus of future translational projects. (lu.se)
We found that the proteins produced after FMT enhance the antibacterial response of [gut] cells," Edwards pointed out. (medscape.com)

Ewing sarcomas are thought to derive from cells of the neural crest, possibly mesenchymal stem cells, via a pathway that might include postganglionic cholinergic neurons. (medscape.com)

Adenine induced significant apoptosis in HT29 cells, whereas Caco-2 cells exhibited less apoptotic responses. (hindawi.com)
Lastly, hydroquinone and NU7026 exhibited synergistic effects on promoting apoptosis by increasing the protein levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3 but decreasing the protein expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. (cdc.gov)

Levels of phosphorylation and protein expression were determined using western blotting. (hindawi.com)
Cdk4-mediated phosphorylation of Rb protein is inhibited by p16, a product of a possible tumor suppressor gene. (nih.gov)

From a biological point of view, knowledge about protein location is fundamental to understand protein function. (kth.se)
The normal relation between different proteins, which is critical for proper cell function, is lost. (genengnews.com)
It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Protein_Function_in_Cell_Membranes" . (bionity.com)
Our work describes the structure and function of an important enzyme called Rumi, which adds a glucose molecule to several signaling proteins to modify their activities," said the study's lead author, Huilin Li, a biologist at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University. (bnl.gov)
Their function is regulated by the activation of a number of activating and inhibitory receptors that bind to specific ligands expressed on the surface of target cells. (frontiersin.org)
In particular, NK cells mediate their cytolytic function through the engagement of activating receptors, such as NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp30, NKp46, and NKp44 ( 3 , 4 ), or following pro-inflammatory cytokine stimulation ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
To achieve this, it is important to understand what is needed for the insulin-producing cells to function well. (lu.se)
However, the function of many proteins is still unknown and often cannot be predicted bioinformatically. (bvsalud.org)

Assembly and mobility of exon-exon junction complexes in living cells. (nature.com)
Only in recent years have technical improvements in cryo-EM allowed structures of increasingly smaller protein complexes to be identified in ever greater detail. (uni-heidelberg.de)
BRDs can act as scaffolds that enable the recruitment of large protein complexes or they can act as transcription factors themselves. (frontiersin.org)
For the experimental design and integrating the data from a range of experiments, they developed a special modelling methodology for protein-protein docking to simulate the formation of chaperone complexes. (uni-heidelberg.de)

Inhibition of DNA-PKcs by NU7026 markedly potentiated the apoptotic and growth inhibitory effects of hydroquinone in proerythroid leukemic K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)

These proteins had a signal sequence in the amino-terminal end and a cell. (lu.se)
These proteins had a signal sequence in the amino-terminal end and a cell wall-sorting region in the carboxy-terminal end, which contained an LPATG-motif, a hydrophobic domain and a positively charged tail. (lu.se)

Carrier Proteins1

Antibodies5

Molecules12

Mammalian2

Genes12

Cell's5

Recombinant2

Regulate7

Cellular16

Amino acids6

Host cell proteins2

Proteomics8

Molecular17

Intracellular4

Biology7

Proliferation4

Synthesis11

Viability4

Membrane25

Binds4

Researchers28

Kinds of proteins2

Helper proteins4

Surface proteins2

Aggregates11

Metabolism1

Target proteins2

Lund University1

Transport proteins2

Substances3

HCPs2

Human16

Inhibitor1

Receptor5

Characterize3

Lung2

Tissue2

Clump2

Electrophoresis3

Toxic2

Chromosomal2

Peptides1

Kinase4

Organism3

Activate1

Epithelial3

Proteome5

Albumin3

Abundance4

Functional1

Structural2

Examples1

Mechanisms3

Bacteria1

Cancer14

Survival2

Inflammation6

Chromatin1

Malfunction1

Abstract1

Interaction4

Soluble4

Make4

Yeast3

Found12

Neurons1

Apoptosis2

Phosphorylation2

Function8

Complexes4

Inhibition1

Signal sequence2