Cells of therapeutic therapeutic cloning. Medical search. Frequent questions

In humans, a major roadblock in achieving successful SCNT leading to embryonic stem cells has been the fact that human SCNT embryos fail to progress beyond the eight-cell stage. (news-medical.net)
They derived several human embryonic stem cell lines from these cloned embryos whose DNA was an exact match to the adult cell that donated the DNA. (news-medical.net)
No persuasive reason exist for cloning save for genetic determinists who believe an organism is nothing more than the sum total of its genetic make-up and that it is their right to exploit cloned human embryos for spare body parts. (biosafety-info.net)
President Bush, saying he wanted to "proceed with great care," announced in a national address on August 9 that he would allow federal funding of an existing 60 stem-cell lines but would not permit tax dollars to pay for the destruction of any additional human embryos. (christianitytoday.com)
The rule circumvented a 1995 congressional ban on using federal money for biomedical research on embryos outside the womb by allowing researchers to use stem cells extracted by a third party. (christianitytoday.com)
The groups argue that rather than waste embryos that will be destroyed along with their stem cells, researchers should use them to help save those whose lives are being cut short by disease. (christianitytoday.com)
Indeed, some observers believe the demand for stem cells is dangerously close to spawning a huge commercial industry around the sale of and experimentation on human embryos. (christianitytoday.com)
Already, news that Advanced Cell Technology-a Massachusetts-based, privately held biotech company-and Virginia Medical School's Jones Institute had created or planned to create human embryos for the sole purpose of extracting their stem cells has troubled those on both sides of the debate. (christianitytoday.com)
Depending on the source, stem cells can be classified into two broad categories i.e. embryonic stem cells that are derived from embryos and non-embryonic stem cells that are derived from adult and fetal tissues. (benthamscience.com)
Under such circumstances, the idea of "therapeutic cloning" was proposed, indicating the generation of ESCs from SCNT embryos for therapeutic purpose. (benthamscience.com)
However, the derivation of human NT-ESCs goes with the destruction of clone embryos, leading to fierce ethical disputes. (benthamscience.com)
Among the real and knotty ethical questions are these: Should human embryos be created expressly to be used for stem cell extraction? (prospect.org)
Should women be paid to donate eggs or fertilized embryos to stem cell labs? (prospect.org)
He decreed that stem cell colonies produced before Aug. 9, 2001, could continue to receive federal funding for research purposes but no federal money could go to develop new stem cells from embryos. (prospect.org)
The hybrid cells carrying four sets of chromosomes (instead of the usual two) behaved as stem cells when injected into mouse embryos. (i-sis.org.uk)
experimentation on embryos which is not directly therapeutic is illicit. (archdiocese-no.org)
Action by various states, nations and international organizations was spurred by the November announcement by Massachusetts-based Advanced Cell Technology that it had successfully cloned human embryos. (wnd.com)
Federal financing would still be restricted to stem cell lines derived from embryos that were slated to be discarded by in vitro fertilization clinics. (consumerwatchdog.org)
But creating the stem cells now involves the destruction of human embryos, which some people, including Mr. Bush, say is immoral. (consumerwatchdog.org)
Even under the new legislation, scientists said, they could still not use federal money to create new cell lines if it involved the destruction of embryos. (consumerwatchdog.org)
Embryonic stem cells are derived from early embryos and have the ability to differentiate into any cell type. (spiked-online.com)
Researchers reported in Nature on November 22, 2007, that they successfully isolated 2 embryonic stem cell lines from cloned embryos made using cells from the skin of an adult rhesus macaque. (nih.gov)
The recent desperation to clone human embryos may be seriously undermining accepted ethical principles of medical research, with potentially profound wider consequences. (lifeissues.net)
The Australian government has issued its first license for cloning human embryos to obtain embryonic stem cells. (bioedge.org)
Chinese scientists have successfully created chimeric embryos containing a combination of human and pig cells. (bioedge.org)
Most human embryos reproduced by most human cloning techniques would actually be genetically unique -- i.e., having never existed before. (lifeissues.net)
The President has allowed federal funding to go toward research on stem cell lines created from surplus fertility clinic embryos, but not for stem cell lines created in the lab. (ncac.org)
The stem cells suits human needs, does not cause harm and can be obtained from both adult and fetal does not conflict with religious beliefs, it has tissues, umbilical cord and early embryos. (who.int)
Unicellular for those cells that are derived from human organisms are primed to replicate (clone) pre-embryos, which seem to have a high themselves by nature. (who.int)

Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched transplant tissues and organs. (news-medical.net)
Cloning also entails organs and tissues production through cell implantation in cultures with the real embryo that will be born. (premiumessays.net)
Some cells differentiate to become stem cells which produce tissues and tissues develop to become organs (National Human Genome Research Institute Para 2). (premiumessays.net)
Within a few years, unless the religious right manages to stop it, specialized cells developed from either embryonic or adult cells will be used therapeutically to treat everything from Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, diabetes, spinal injuries, heriditary impairments, and even the regeneration of diseased organs. (prospect.org)
And yet, all of us would be appalled at the idea of terminating their lives so we could harvest their tissues or organs in order to save others," she says, in reference to the common utilitarian argument that embryonic stem-cell research is valid in an effort to find cures that could save people's lives. (catholicnewsagency.com)
The ICM continues to differentiate into three germ layers-ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, each of which follows a specific developmental destiny that takes them along an ever-specifying path at which end the daughter cells will make up the different organs of the human body. (thefutureofthings.com)
Blastocytes obtained through nuclear transfers would be used to generate the embryonic stem cells that could be differentiated to specific tissues or organs for transfer to the nuclear donor. (spiked-online.com)
better, the idea that researchers are currently at work on a technique known as "therapeutic cloning" in the hope of producing tissues and organs for transplant into human beings might strike you as a nightmare scenario straight out of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein . (newsreview.com)
However, there are a number of factors limiting the procurement of organs and accordingly, therapeutic cloning that perhaps can yield still better results needs to be considered as an alternative. (scialert.net)
A study called Cloning and Stem Cells reports a scientific breakthrough that could lead not only the therapeutic cloning like re-growing limbs or organs, but actual cloned people. (cnet.com)

One cloning technology that has been developed for mammalian and human cells is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (news-medical.net)
This Study presents the first use in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) of tooth Pulp cells containing progenitor cells that resemble the nonaging embryonic connective tissue in adults. (yildiz.edu.tr)
Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is the technique used to produce Dolly the sheep, the first animal to be produced as a genetic copy of another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. (bartleby.com)
In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
They found that the spontaneous mutation frequency in ES cells is 100-fold lower than that in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (a somatic cell line), which is similar to adult cells in vivo . (i-sis.org.uk)
Here, the stem cell line is created using the genetic properties of the prospective recipient via somatic cell nuclear transfer. (spiked-online.com)
discussed the procedure of cloning by somatic cell transfer. (icr.org)
This cell then has therapeutic cloning: the global the capacity to divide and grow into an exact replica of the original from whom the debate somatic cell was taken. (who.int)

Researchers hope to use these cells to grow healthy tissue to replace injured or diseased tissues in the human body. (medlineplus.gov)
Bush promised in January to review a Clinton administration rule that allowed federal funding for researchers experimenting on embryo cells from fertility clinics. (christianitytoday.com)
Researchers value the cells for their ability to replicate quickly and turn into any kind of human tissue. (christianitytoday.com)
The prolife lobby also received help from Do No Harm, a coalition of researchers, bioethicists, and doctors who spearheaded a nationwide petition urging Bush to oppose destructive human embryonic stem-cell research. (christianitytoday.com)
The stem cells could be studied in the laboratory to help researchers understand what goes wrong in diseases like these. (eurostemcell.org)
To overcome this problem and to improve life expectancies of cancer patients, researchers are constantly working on stem cell therapy. (precedenceresearch.com)
In the first report [2], researchers from Edinburgh and Oxford took cells from the mouse brain marked with transgene 1, and cultured them together with ES cells marked with a second transgene, 2. (i-sis.org.uk)
These researchers pointed out that the spontaneous fusion rate (without interleukin-3) was extremely low, between 2-11 per million bone marrow cells, and is unlikely to account for all the findings with adult stem cells. (i-sis.org.uk)
In the current issue of the same journal [6], researchers compared the frequency and type of mutation induced in embryonic stem cells and embryonic somatic cells. (i-sis.org.uk)
Therapeutic cloning, as distinct from reproductive cloning, will lead to unprecedented medical advances, say researchers. (wnd.com)
A bill approved by the Senate yesterday to spur stem cell research would go a long way toward removing restrictions that have slowed progress, burdened laboratories with red tape, reduced American competitiveness and discouraged young researchers from entering the field, several leading stem cell scientists said. (consumerwatchdog.org)
These grants provide substantial support to a pool of very distinguished researchers in human embryonic stem cell research," declared Zach W. Hall, Ph.D., CIRM's President and Chief Scientific Officer. (ca.gov)
Researchers have been hoping to harness the therapeutic potential of cloning ever since the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. (nih.gov)
Before this new study was published, Nature asked another group of researchers to confirm that the stem cells were genetically identical to the donor skin cells. (nih.gov)
The stem cells, the researchers showed, could turn into heart or nerve cells in the laboratory, and had other characteristics of established embryonic stem cell lines. (nih.gov)
Researchers then substitute a patient's DNA for the genetic material contained in the egg and coax it to grow into a blastocyte-a microscopic cluster of about 150 cells. (newsreview.com)
Researchers are making great strides with hair cloning, but I have no idea how many years it's going to be before anything reliably safe and effective is commercially available. (baldingblog.com)

After many divisions in culture, this single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with almost identical DNA to the original donor who provided the adult cell - a genetic clone. (eurostemcell.org)
To produce Dolly, the cloned blastocyst was transferred into the womb of a recipient ewe, where it developed and when born quickly became the world's most famous lamb. (eurostemcell.org)
In therapeutic cloning, the blastocyst is not transferred to a womb. (eurostemcell.org)
Instead, embryonic stem cells are isolated from the cloned blastocyst. (eurostemcell.org)
A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)

Gene therapy represents the delivery of therapeutic factors as genetic information encoded on a DNA vector and has also become a potent tool in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. (genengnews.com)
Cloning describes the processes used to create an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue or organism. (medlineplus.gov)
Shi and his research team, working with worms, recently found a key molecule, CBP-1, that pushes young embryonic cells to become part of a specific organ or type of tissue. (harvard.edu)
Undifferentiated cells, found in a differentiated tissue, that can renew themselves and - with certain limitations - differentiate to yield all the specialized cell types of the tissue from which they originated. (michaeljfox.org)
Induced pluripotent stem cells, another types of pluripotent stem cells derived from any tissue by reprogramming and are the homologous source of stem cells. (benthamscience.com)
He explained that the early embryonic cells that his laboratory tries to turn into specialized tissue for therapeutic purposes hadn't even ''individuated'' yet. (prospect.org)
A clinical isolate hCoV-19/Italy/UniSR1/2020 (GISAID accession ID: EPI_ISL_413489) was isolated and propagated in Vero E6 cells, and viral titer was determined by 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID 50 ) and plaque assay for confirming the obtained titer. (frontiersin.org)
An aliquot (0.8 mL) of the transport medium of the nasopharyngeal swab (COPAN's kit UTM® universal viral transport medium-COPAN) of a mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected patient was mixed with an equal volume of DMEM without FBS and supplemented with double concentration of P/S and Amphotericin B. The mixture was added to 80% confluent Vero E6 cells monolayer seeded into a 25 cm 2 tissue culture flask. (frontiersin.org)
Stem cells are found in human body in an early stage of life as well as in adults and can differentiate into specialized cells types of a tissue or an organ. (precedenceresearch.com)
In addition to their ability to supply cells at the turnover rate of their respective tissues, they can be stimulated to repair injured tissue caused by liver damage, skin abrasions and blood loss. (thefutureofthings.com)
Two reports appeared as advance online publications in the top British journal Nature , accompanied by a news report that begins, "The hyped ability of adult stem cells to sprout replacement tissue types is being called into question. (i-sis.org.uk)
A renewable, tissue culture source of human cells capable of differentiating into a wide variety of cell types would have broad applications in basic research and therapeutic techniques. (spiked-online.com)
Current screening of potential new drugs is done using cell lines derived from animals or 'abnormal' human tissue such as tumor cells. (spiked-online.com)
The exact process of differentiation is not yet understood and although embryonic stem cells can, in principle, provide for all human tissue, scientists are some way from controlling the process. (spiked-online.com)
If there are intact cells in this tissue they have been 'stored' frozen. (wikiquote.org)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
The blastocyte contains stem cells, which have the potential to grow into any kind of human tissue, from blood and bone to brain and muscle. (newsreview.com)
It is widely believed that it will soon be possible to direct these stem cells to grow into whatever sort of tissue the patient might need, then transplant those cells to replace tissue destroyed by injury or disease. (newsreview.com)
In that procedure, the nucleus from a cell derived from an embryo, a fetus, or tissue of an adult is inserted. (icr.org)
They could study what goes awry as the cells grow into disease-affected tissue. (consumerwatchdog.org)
Their ability to replicate and generate specialised cells and tissue holds the promise to treat degenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease, diabetes, leukaemia and spinal chord injury. (org.in)
One of the greatest controversies triggered tissue, a stem cell encoding for heart tissue by the rapid pace of evolution in biology, will eventually develop into heart tissue particularly in genomics and biotechnology, and so on. (who.int)
In the periapical granuloma cases, mast cells were found in eight cases (50%), located in the granulation tissue. (bvsalud.org)
Mast cells were detected in both cysts and periapical granuloma, located in the capsule and granulation tissue, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Mast cells are cells that reside in the connective tissue and contain a large number of granules, rich in histamine, heparin, chymase, serotonin, and also cytokines. (bvsalud.org)

Biotechnology companies specializing in stem-cell research stand to reap huge financial windfalls from successful therapies developed via this science," said the CPI report. (christianitytoday.com)
The report notes that the AAR, which bills itself as the leading citizen advocacy organization for improving the health of older Americans, "also happens to receive funding from private-sector biotechnology companies that have a financial stake in the outcome of the stem-cell debate, including Geron," the for-profit corporation that isolated embryonic stem cells in 1998. (christianitytoday.com)
The study of biology of stem cells is the hallmark of the recent emerging field of regenerative medicine and medical biotechnology. (benthamscience.com)
The work, which will be published in the October issue of Nature Biotechnology (available online September 21), provides the first evidence that cloned cells can cure disease in an animal model. (mskcc.org)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)

To do cloning in higher organisms you have to understand how tissues form," said Shi. (harvard.edu)
His expertise in cell engineering spans a wide range of cells/tissues within the nervous system geared toward disease modeling and exploring cell replacement therapy. (wikipedia.org)
Most notably, he has devised protocols for the transition (or "differentiation") of human pluripotent stem cells into neural and neural crest tissues and for the generation of functional dopaminergic neurons in large-scale quantities. (wikipedia.org)
Mouse nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (NT-ESCs) were first established in 2000, and then proved to be able to differentiate either in vivo or in vitro, and give rise to individual tissues through germ line transmission or tetraploid complementation. (benthamscience.com)
Before the enzyme's discovery, the properties of β-secretase activity in cells and tissues had been extensively characterized, the knowledge of which was instrumental in its identification. (jneurosci.org)
The ability of our body to regenerate some of its tissues is largely owed to the reserves of adult stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
They may instead be fusing with existing cells, creating genetically mixed-up tissues with unknown health effects" [1]. (i-sis.org.uk)

SCNT is a method of cloning mammalian cells that can be used to create personalized embryonic stem cells from an adult animal or human. (news-medical.net)
This has led to a lot of interest in SCNT, which is best known as the method used to pioneer whole animal cloning technology, such as Dolly the sheep. (news-medical.net)
But SCNT can also be used to clone human cells for transplant or other therapies. (news-medical.net)
This was the first successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into embryonic stem cells using a cloning technique, SCNT. (news-medical.net)
Another successful attempt at human SCNT was made using cells from two adult males. (news-medical.net)
The American Medical Association (AMA) defines human cloning as genetically identical organism's production through a process of somatic cell's nuclear transfer (SCNT). (premiumessays.net)
SCNT refers to a process that entails transferring somatic cells of an existing organism into the oocyte where the nucleus came from (National Human Genome Research Institute Para 1). (premiumessays.net)
Using tooth Pulp Cells ill SCNT increased the first cleavage rates compared with adult somatic Cells, leading to a higher rate of DNA reprogramming and increased production of an identical embryonic stem cells (ESCs) line. (yildiz.edu.tr)
These cells were named Osmangazi Turk Identical ESCs since this was the first use in SCNT of tooth pulp cells to demonstrate a decrease in glucose levels following administration of these cells. (yildiz.edu.tr)

11 Furthermore, nonviral vectors have low manufacturing costs, are easy to handle, and provide transient expression kinetics of therapeutic factors, of special interest in the field of regenerative medicine. (genengnews.com)
These Outcomes are promising for regenerative medicine ill the therapy of diabetes mellitus, and clarification of the importance of selecting appropriate adult somatic cells in deriving identical ESC lines is also a significant step. (yildiz.edu.tr)
Stem cells are emerging as an important source of material for diseases in regenerative medicine. (benthamscience.com)
The 29-member Independent Citizens Oversight Committee (ICOC), governing board of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM), today approved 29 Comprehensive Research Grants for approximately $74.6 million over four years, to accomplished stem cell investigators at academic and non-profit research centers throughout the state. (ca.gov)

The petition recognizes that many "Canadians suffer from debilitating illnesses and diseases" and that the petitioners "support ethical stem cell research that has already shown encouraging potential to provide cures and therapies for these illnesses and diseases. (lifesitenews.com)
At the same time, there are indeed myriad ethical questions raised by the effort to develop therapeutic applications of stem cell cloning. (prospect.org)
The life-enhancing promise of stem cell research is just too potent and the ethical questions too tricky to leave the issue in the hands either of private entrepreneurs or religious fundamentalists, much less both. (prospect.org)
Scientists, many of whom are sold on utilitarian-based ethical analysis, try to downplay the issue of human life in stem-cell research. (catholicnewsagency.com)
The Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning In the year that has elapsed since the announcement of Dolly's birth, there has been much discussion of the ethical implications of cloning humans. (bartleby.com)
Several authors have attempted to outline some of the ethical objections to cloning while at the same time minimizing the role religion plays in this debate. (bartleby.com)
Stem cells are at the forefront of medical research and incite some of the most controversial ethical and religious debates worldwide. (thefutureofthings.com)
Human cloning is intrinsically illicit in that, by taking the ethical negativity of techniques of artificial fertilization to their extreme, it seeks to give rise to a new human being without a connection to the act of reciprocal self-giving between the spouses and, more radically, without any link to sexuality. (archdiocese-no.org)
From the ethical point of view, so-called therapeutic cloning is even more serious. (archdiocese-no.org)
The breakthrough may eventually put to rest the ethical controversy surrounding stem cells. (nih.gov)
The director of the lobby group Australians for Ethical Stem Cell Research, David van Gend, criticised the issuing of the licence. (bioedge.org)
After a chapter covering the science of cloning, we get to start applying those ethical rules. (blogspot.com)
Cloning technology, however, is perceived as having the potential for reproductive cloning, which raises serious ethical and moral concerns. (who.int)

These cells have been sought after as potential therapies for diseases ranging from heart disease to Parkinson's to cancer. (news-medical.net)
Furthermore, it is used for immunization and as a potential therapeutic for gene replacement therapy in various inherited or acquired diseases. (genengnews.com)
Furthermore, a sustained release of therapeutic factors is often favorable in terms of regenerative capacity especially in the field of musculoskeletal diseases and injuries. (genengnews.com)
Current research efforts also include directing the fate and age of human pluripotent stem cells, and using pluripotent stem cells as valuable tools for modeling human diseases such as Familial Dysautonomia, Hirschsprung's disease, neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, melanocyte-related diseases, as well as mechanisms of aging. (wikipedia.org)
Overall, Studer's decades long investigation into neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and clinical applications of stem cells has helped advance the field of cell replacement therapy. (wikipedia.org)
The cells carry the potential to cure neurological diseases, diabetes, and many other illnesses. (christianitytoday.com)
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can grow infinitely and give rise to all types of cells in human body, thus of tremendous therapeutic potentials for a variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and diabetes. (benthamscience.com)
The stem cell treatment or therapy market is expected to grow due to an increase in the number of all of these diseases across the globe. (precedenceresearch.com)
As there has been an increase in the number of various chronic diseases across the globe the demand for stem cell therapy is expected to grow and these increasing number of diseases will provide opportunities for the growth of the market in the coming years. (precedenceresearch.com)
Such therapeutic cloning might be used to create stem cells from people with specific diseases. (consumerwatchdog.org)
The ICOC has approved a very well-balanced portfolio of research proposals, including those aimed at understanding stem cell differentiation and identifying new ways of obtaining hESCs, and many that target specific diseases," Hall said. (ca.gov)
Since embryonic stem cells have the ability to form virtually any cell type in the body, those taken from a cloned embryo could potentially be used to treat many diseases. (nih.gov)
Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
They're keen to use procedures such as therapeutic cloning to create ES cell lines based on genetic material collected from people with specific diseases. (consumerwatchdog.org)
These cells can participate in inflammatory responses by releasing mediators that attract or activate other cells, contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic and non-allergic diseases. (mdpi.com)

In 2015, he was named a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship (also known as the "Genius Grant") for his innovative work on stem cell and Parkinson's disease research. (wikipedia.org)
In 2000, Studer moved to New York City where he embarked on his own research program at Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) with a focus on exploring stem cells and brain repair. (wikipedia.org)
He also established the Sloan-Kettering Center for Stem Cell Biology and has been involved in a number of stem cell research committees and initiatives including the Tri-Institutional Stem Cell Initiative, (a collaboration between Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Rockefeller University, and Weill-Cornell Medical College), Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's disease research, and the New York Stem Cell Foundation. (wikipedia.org)
Under the rule, a third party could destroy the embryo by taking it apart and preserving the remaining living stem cells for research. (christianitytoday.com)
Bush's announcement grieved patients' groups and many in the scientific and medical communities who believe embryonic stem-cell research could provide a cure for millions. (christianitytoday.com)
A report published by the nonpartisan Center for Public Integrity (CPI) quoted a National Institutes of Health official who said that "the fledgling stem-cell industry would profit tremendously from federal funding that would cover embryonic stem-cell research. (christianitytoday.com)
What is cloning, and what does it have to do with stem cell research? (eurostemcell.org)
This form of cloning is unrelated to stem cell research. (eurostemcell.org)
Many research and therapeutic applications are currently limited by the low efficiency of precise HDR-based editing. (nature.com)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
Kuldip S. Sidhu , " Frontiers in Pluripotent Stem Cells Research and Therapeutic Potentials Bench-to-Bedside ", Bentham Science Publishers (2012). (benthamscience.com)
On the issue of stem cell research, the gap between the scientific and religious cultures has never been wider. (prospect.org)
The potential of stem cell research to enhance human life is extraordinary. (prospect.org)
Should expensive therapies derived from stem cell research be covered universally by health insurance? (prospect.org)
The reader benefits from the scholar's clear explanation about embryonic stem-cell research and therapeutic cloning. (catholicnewsagency.com)
Enormous amounts are being invested into stem cell therapy research since more than 50 years because of its unique property to divide and replicate over and over again. (precedenceresearch.com)
Almost all the stem cell therapies are still into research phase. (precedenceresearch.com)
There has been a constant growth in the research associated with the stem cell activities and the number of approval start come from the authorities have increased due to which the market for the stem cell therapy has grown well in the past and it is expected to grow during the forecast period. (precedenceresearch.com)
Due to constant research and development activities in the stem cell treatment market there has been a growth in the demand for the gene treatments and the cell treatments with the help of the stem cells. (precedenceresearch.com)
While regarded by many top scientists as the Holy Grail of medicine, others consider embryonic stem-cell research sacrilegious. (thefutureofthings.com)
Recent advances in the field of stem-cell research are giving hope to millions. (thefutureofthings.com)
A particular field encouraged by the foundation is stem-cell research, with the great hope that it will result in the ability to get cells to differentiate into neurons and support cells to bridge the gap of a spinal cord injury. (thefutureofthings.com)
Britain s House of Lords final approval of therapeutic human cloning and embryonic stem cells research has intensified the battle for ascendancy between adult and embryonic stem cells. (i-sis.org.uk)
Our scientists pursue every aspect of cancer research-from exploring the biology of genes and cells, to developing immune-based treatments, uncovering the causes of metastasis, and more. (mskcc.org)
NEW YORK, September 21, 2003 - New research from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Cornell University, and The University of Connecticut describes a novel way of producing therapeutic nerve cells that can cure mice with Parkinson's-like disease. (mskcc.org)
In 2001, Lorenz Studer, MD , Head of the Stem Cell and Tumor Biology Laboratory at MSKCC, and his colleagues at Rockefeller University published research in which they generated unlimited numbers of genetically matched dopamine nerve cells using cloned stem cells whose genetic material originated from the mouse's own tail. (mskcc.org)
Often aborted babies are harvested for Stem Cell Research. (archdiocese-no.org)
The first day of debate provoked strong arguments both in favor of freedom of research and in favor of a ban on human cloning. (wnd.com)
The human embryo is cloned, then used only for research or therapeutic treatments. (wnd.com)
The legislation would end a policy put in place by Mr. Bush that restricts federal financing for human embryonic stem cell research only to cell lines, or colonies, that were derived on or before Aug. 9, 2001, the day the policy was announced. (consumerwatchdog.org)
And over time some of the cells have accumulated genetic abnormalities that make them more difficult to use even for basic research. (consumerwatchdog.org)
Scientists are tenacious and resourceful, so we figure out ways to get our work done regardless," said Dr. Evan Snyder, professor and director of the stem cell program at the Burnham Institute for Medical Research in San Diego. (consumerwatchdog.org)
Alternatively, research using eggs may point the way to methods which mimic their properties using other human cells and chemical agents. (spiked-online.com)
LOS ANGELES, March 16, 2007 - Just a month after approving nearly $45 million for embryonic stem cell research, California's stem cell agency authorized another $75.7 million in additional funds for established scientists at 12 non-profit and academic institutions. (ca.gov)
With these new grants, California is continuing on the path of turning the hope and promise of stem cell research into the reality of therapies and cures for millions of Californians and people across the globe. (ca.gov)
The California spirit - the perseverance, creativity and resourcefulness that has made us a leader on everything from gold mining in the 19th Century to fighting global warming in this one - is fully present in our stem cell research teams. (ca.gov)
As of today, California is the largest and most stable source of funding for human embryonic stem cell research in the world," Klein said. (ca.gov)
Combined with our training and SEED grants, the CIRM is now funding embryonic stem cell research in more than 100 California laboratories. (ca.gov)
We focused our initial grants on human embryonic stem cells specifically," Klein said, "because human embryonic stem cell research receives minimal funding from the federal government, and even those funds are restricted to lines of questionable value. (ca.gov)
Going forward, we will support a diverse range of stem cell research projects. (ca.gov)
Two separate research teams have figured out how to "reprogram" cells with just a handful of genes to give them the characteristics of embryonic stem cells. (nih.gov)
This concern seems misplaced, given that the egg cells involved come from fertility clinic surplus stock and would be destroyed if they weren't used in research. (newsreview.com)
Ortiz's bill takes a vital step in the right direction by legalizing therapeutic cloning research in California. (newsreview.com)
Finally, and inexorably, a true professional scientist poses clearly challenging questions to his research colleagues, and to the scientific enterprise in general, about the dubious "scientific" justification for the current rush to clone human beings - for both "therapeutic" and for "reproductive" purposes. (lifeissues.net)
Ethically, since eventually all such "research" will be applied to people, he cautions against the abuse of women "egg" donors, and against the premature use of vulnerable sick human patients for testing supposedly "patient-specific" stem cells in supposed "therapies", pointing to the obvious violations of standard international research ethics guidelines such clinical trials would necessarily entail. (lifeissues.net)
And he also agrees that if we don't find global agreement on human cloning, "we can probably expect dire consequences for the future of biomedical research and its impact on society at large. (lifeissues.net)
But he is equally concerned about the unethical aspects inherent in the rush to perform " therapeutic " human cloning research, including the abuses to all vulnerable human patients who would be required to participate in clinical trials. (lifeissues.net)
As he has questioned the HFEA before, would not the use of vulnerable human patients in clinical trials be premature, dangerous, and unethical given the already acquired knowledge in the research community that such supposed "patient-specific" stem cells would most probably cause serious immune rejection reactions in these patients? (lifeissues.net)
He said cloning research was no longer necessary because of recent advances in stem cell science. (bioedge.org)
It covers the biological nuts and bolts of one of the hottest fields in medical research: human embryonic stem cells. (consumerwatchdog.org)
Late last year federal parliament passed legislation allowing scientists to use more powerful research techniques to explore the secrets of ES cells. (consumerwatchdog.org)
ON NOVEMBER 6, 2003, the legal committee of the UN General Assembly decided that a vote to ban research on the reproductive cloning of human beings need not be taken up till the end of 2005. (org.in)
But European countries, along with Brazil and South Africa, had lobbied for a partial one: they wished to exempt therapeutic cloning research. (org.in)
this prompts anti-abortion sympathisers to oppose all forms of cloning research. (org.in)
Back in 2001, China officially declared its support for therapeutic cloning and called for a legal framework to properly monitor research. (org.in)
The "pros" and "cons" of human cloning research have already been dealt with at length in the literature, so they will not be reviewed here. (lifeissues.net)
Rather, after having published analyses of dozens of state, national, federal and international legislative attempts to ban human cloning research, I simply wish to offer seriously considered suggestions for the use of scientifically accurate language and definitions to be used in such endeavors in order to prevent loopholes which would result in much human cloning not being really banned. (lifeissues.net)
Many of these accurate definitions can also be used in bills and treaties concerning related issues, e.g., human embryonic stem cell research, human genetic engineering, abortion, the use of abortifacients, conscience clauses, IVF and other artificial reproductive technology research and regulation, etc. (lifeissues.net)
New research out this week suggests that human cloning might be for the first time, an actual possibility. (cnet.com)
In March 2009, President Obama signed an executive order that lifted the Bush Administration's restrictions on stem cell research and ordered the NIH to develop guidelines to assist in deciding which lines could be ethically used. (ncac.org)
By doing so, according to the New York Times, the University would become the first state institution in the country to impose limits on stem cell research that go further than state and federal laws. (ncac.org)
President Obama intended to remove the science of stem cell research from the politics of it with his elimination of the Bush-era ban on funding. (ncac.org)
Great Iranian Muslim scholars netics, stem cell research, and organ trans- laid huge emphasis on teaching and practis- plantation are some of the medical issues ing ethics. (who.int)
This paper outlines the debates prompted through a reproduction mechanism involv- by progress in cloning research, with special ing male and female germ cells. (who.int)

By transferring adult cell DNA into an embryonic stem cell, it is possible to create a line of immortal embryonic cells that are able to develop into any type of adult cell, genetically identical to the donor. (news-medical.net)
The adult cell nuclei were transferred into metaphase-II stage human oocytes, producing a karyotypically normal diploid embryonic stem cell line from each of the adult male donor cells. (news-medical.net)
To date, no human embryonic stem cell lines have been derived using therapeutic cloning, so both these possibilities remain very much in the future. (eurostemcell.org)
There are a number of California institutions that have strong programs in adult and other stem cells, for example, that are just beginning to build embryonic stem cell capabilities. (ca.gov)
The team that isolated the embryonic stem cell lines was led by Dr. Shoukhrat Mitalipov at Oregon Health and Science University in Portland. (nih.gov)

When the cloning process is used in this way, to produce a living duplicate of an existing animal, it is commonly called reproductive cloning. (eurostemcell.org)
In most countries, it is illegal to attempt reproductive cloning in humans. (eurostemcell.org)
2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
The first ever meeting of the Committee on an International Convention Against the Reproductive Cloning of Human Beings last week hosted national delegates and experts from Syria, Chile, Israel, Spain and the United States, among others. (wnd.com)
The committee is expected to "define a negotiation mandate" for a possible treaty to ban human reproductive cloning. (wnd.com)
The object of reproductive cloning is to implant the cloned embryo into a surrogate mother and permit the human child to develop. (wnd.com)
Reproductive cloning is defended as a means of providing children for infertile couples or for homosexual pairs. (wnd.com)
Critics of reproductive cloning point out that it inevitably will be used to create a "master race" of humans. (wnd.com)
Reproductive cloning in animals has a 3-8 percent success rate. (wnd.com)
Many nations oppose human reproductive cloning as "inherently unethical. (wnd.com)
France and Germany originally proposed that human reproductive cloning be banned under a treaty to be negotiated at the U.N. (wnd.com)
Sen. Sam Brownback, R-Kan., is the sponsor of a bill, S. 1899, that provides a comprehensive ban on human cloning, both "therapeutic" cloning and reproductive cloning. (wnd.com)
When an embryo like this is implanted into a uterus, as with Dolly, the process is called reproductive cloning. (nih.gov)
Reproductive cloning is expensive and highly inefficient. (wikiquote.org)
It would have been more prudent to ban just reproductive cloning -- so halting a brave new world -- and move ahead on therapeutic cloning, to check if it worked or not. (org.in)
Reproductive cloning versus germ cell (egg, ovum). (who.int)

Embryonic stem cells are immortal, and have the potential to develop into any type of adult cell, even after months growing in culture dishes. (news-medical.net)
The therapeutic potential of cloned human cells has been demonstrated by another study using human oocytes to reprogram adult cells of a type 1 diabetic. (news-medical.net)
Progress has been made to enhance the efficiency of HDR-based editing 8 , however, a technology to identify cells with desired mono- or bi-allelic edits is urgently needed to realize the full potential of CRISPR. (nature.com)
The therapeutic potential of BACE will also be considered. (jneurosci.org)
They instead refer to the embryo as a "clump of cells" or as "potential human life," Somerville says, "despite the fact that they are, given the right conditions, human life with the potential to go on living for years and years, just like all of us. (catholicnewsagency.com)
This general definition includes a wide variety of cells with varying degrees of differentiation potential. (thefutureofthings.com)
in other words, it has the potential to become any type of cell. (thefutureofthings.com)
Embryonic stem cells have the potential to turn into virtually any type of body cell. (consumerwatchdog.org)
But the truth is that therapeutic cloning is the best hope medical science can offer to victims of Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injuries, diabetes and hosts of other incurable conditions, and the potential benefits are simply too great to let fear get the best of us. (newsreview.com)
Pairing a prognostic target with potential therapeutic strategy for head and neck cancer. (nih.gov)
Despite the large space of potential TCRβ rearrangements, the existence of public clones found in two or more individuals has been well characterized, and occurs more frequently than would be expected by chance ( 6 - 8 ). (biorxiv.org)
Could a Hair Transplant Today Cause Problems for Any Potential Cure or Cloning in the Future? (baldingblog.com)
Following our previous description of the serotonin transporter (SERT) acting as a conduit to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-mediated apoptosis, specifically in Burkitt's lymphoma, we now detail its expression among a broad spectrum of B cell malignancy, while exploring additional SERT substrates for potential therapeutic activity. (erowid.org)
These data indicate a potential for SERT as a novel anti-tumor target for amphetamine analogs, while evidence is presented that the seemingly more promising antidepressants are likely impacting malignant B cells independently of the transporter itself. (erowid.org)
There's a hodge-podge of moral issues here, but the main questions seem to be about the psychology of a potential clone's parents rather than the morality of cloning itself. (blogspot.com)
Our previous study demonstrated that miR-34c-5p promotes the clearance of LSCs in an AML mouse model, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for eradicating LSCs, but the effective delivery of miR-34c-5p to LSCs remains a great challenge. (bvsalud.org)
Therapeutic cloning possesses enormous potential for revolutionizing medical and thera- peutic techniques. (who.int)

The most famous clone was a Scottish sheep named Dolly. (medlineplus.gov)

He is the founder and director of the Center for Stem Cell Biology at Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. (wikipedia.org)
In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
Current therapeutic strategies of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are based on prognostic stratification that includes mutation profile as the closest surrogate to disease biology. (bvsalud.org)
We combine next generation sequencing, in vitro drug testing , cell- and molecular biology techniques, in vivo drug testing and advanced in vivo imaging to understand and target metastatic and treatment resistant tumors. (lu.se)

Therapeutic cloning, known as "clone and kill" because the embryo is not transplanted into a surrogate mother for development, is favored by many scientists. (wnd.com)

Both Harvard and California, San Francisco, have announced plans to do therapeutic cloning using private money. (consumerwatchdog.org)

In January, the company revealed that a promising bovine study confirmed their expectations that cloned embryo cells could be directed to grow a functioning organ. (wnd.com)

SERT was readily detected in derived B cell lines with origins as diverse as B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. (erowid.org)

1. Cloning is an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. (who.int)
A number of large biotech companies and scientists are looking toward stem cells as the basis for a therapeutic solution to cure such illnesses as blindness, diabetes and spinal cord injuries. (thefutureofthings.com)
That would free scientists to use federal money to do experiments with many of the scores of stem cell lines that have been derived since then either in other countries or with private money in the United States. (consumerwatchdog.org)
Scientists have been able to derive and work with newer cell lines, but only by using private or state money. (consumerwatchdog.org)
Scientists anticipate that in the future stem cell lines will provide a virtually unending supply of pancreatic cells for diabetic patients, neuronal cells for patients with neural disorders such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease, and a host of heart cells that may treat a variety of cardiac problems. (spiked-online.com)
It might be expected that the richest nation on Earth would encourage its top scientists to pursue this work with vigor rather than limiting funding opportunities, creating legal barriers and fencing off any newly developed cell lines. (spiked-online.com)
The Comprehensive Grants approved today will support mature, ongoing studies on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) by scientists with a record of accomplishment in the field. (ca.gov)
Scientists use the cells daily in their quest for treatments for complex and debilitating conditions. (consumerwatchdog.org)
The con- is removed and replaced by a nucleus of cept of human cloning has long been in the another cell type, the stem cell will then imagination of many scientists, scholars and be reprogrammed to produce the product fiction writers [ 1 ]. (who.int)

When genome editing induces a phenotypic alteration that is detectable by fluorescence (i.e., cell-surface expression of a target that can be non-lethally assessed with fluorescently labeled antibody), FACS provides a method of enriching edited cells 9 , narrowing the number of clones to propagate and analyze. (nature.com)
Cell culture flasks used to propagate stem cells. (nih.gov)

Perfect Copy: Unravelling the Cloning Debate (Ikon, 2002) is an exploration of the ethics of cloning by Nick Agar , who lectured me in Bioethics and the ethics of genetic technologies when I was at Vic . (blogspot.com)

This layer is crucial to protecting the brain from foreign substances, but also blocks some potentially therapeutic treatments from entering the brain via orally administered drugs. (michaeljfox.org)

The use of molecular profiling to predict survival after chemotherapy for diffuse large B cell lymphoma. (nature.com)
Despite improvements in the CRISPR molecular toolbox, identifying and purifying properly edited clones remains slow, laborious, and low-yield. (nature.com)
The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
Antigen recognition depends on both T-cell specificity and the molecular complex presenting the antigen. (biorxiv.org)
1990. Cell replication and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) activity of low molecular weight chlorinated paraffins in the rat liver in vivo. (cdc.gov)

Implementation of Studer's cell replacement therapy clinical trial which utilizes dopamine neurons generated from human embryonic/pluripotent stem cells for Parkinson's disease would be the first of its kind. (wikipedia.org)
In 1998, while at the lab of Ronald D. McKay at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, he developed techniques that facilitate the generation of dopamine cells, the primary cell type affected in Parkinson's disease in vitro from dividing precursor cells. (wikipedia.org)
In long-term studies, Studer demonstrated that these cells are non-tumorigenic, can integrate into the host brain and may serve as functional replacements for the substantia nigra dopamine neurons which die in Parkinson's disease. (wikipedia.org)
He currently also leads a multidisciplinary consortium to pursue the application of human stem cell-derived dopamine neurons for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. (wikipedia.org)
The following year, he joined Ronald McKay's lab at the National Institute of Health (NIH) to investigate how neural cells could be isolated, cultured, and differentiated to produce neurons with the aim of restoring brain function in Parkinson's disease mouse models. (wikipedia.org)
Doctors who treat Parkinson's disease could provide healthy new neurons to replace brain cells ravaged by disease. (newsreview.com)

However, the idea of cloning humans is a highly charged topic. (bartleby.com)
In rodents, and even in some preliminary trials in humans, human embryonic stem cells have been shown to bridge gaps in spinal cord injuries , allowing restoration of motor functions. (thefutureofthings.com)
Review of Critical Article: Cobbe, 'Why the apparent haste to clone humans? (lifeissues.net)
See Neville Cobbe, "Why the apparent haste to clone humans? (lifeissues.net)

At the top of the list comes the zygote-a fertilized egg, which of course has the ability to divide and differentiate into all cell types in the body and create a new organism. (thefutureofthings.com)
As the embryonic cells divide and the daughter cells differentiate, they become increasingly specific. (thefutureofthings.com)
These adult stem cells are considered multipotent, having the ability to differentiate into different cell types, albeit with a more limited repertoire than embryonic stem cells. (thefutureofthings.com)
Neither report cited a paper published last year in the journal Blood [4], where a group from the Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, and Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, reported the most comprehensive experiments proving that a single adult stem cell can differentiate into all cell types in culture. (i-sis.org.uk)
The cells could be made to differentiate into bone forming cells, cartilage forming cells, fat cells, skeletal muscle cells and endothelial cells. (i-sis.org.uk)
The have been applied to both the plant and ani- stem cells possess pluripotential charac- mal kingdoms without even stirring a ripple teristics, and can differentiate into various of concern in international conscience [ 2 ]. (who.int)

Those were spindle removal, donor cell fusion, and cytoplast activation. (news-medical.net)
The mitochondrial DNA of the stem cells, however, matched the donor egg's mitochondrial DNA. (news-medical.net)
The resulting cells were pluripotent and could be differentiated into insulin-producing beta cells to restore the function of the pancreas in the donor. (news-medical.net)
These stem cells are genetically matched to the donor organism, holding promise for studying genetic disease. (eurostemcell.org)
For example, stem cells could be generated using the nuclear transfer process described above, with the donor adult cell coming from a patient with diabetes or Alzheimer's. (eurostemcell.org)
If reliable hair cloning ever does come about to allow for unlimited donor hair, I could see possibly more people having their existing hair thickened. (baldingblog.com)
When the oocyte is in the metaphase II stage of cell division, the spindle-chromosome complex is removed and inserted into a healthy donor oocyte from which the nucleus has already been removed. (msdmanuals.com)

A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
The first three divisions of the zygote give birth to eight totipotent cells, each of which also has the ability to become an entire organism. (thefutureofthings.com)

Creating a human by cloning is widely seen as unethical, is illegal in most jurisdictions, and is technically difficult. (msdmanuals.com)

As such, the discovery, which was published in the January 2001 issue of the journal EMBO Reports, could have implications for cloning and cancer in human beings. (harvard.edu)
There have turned out to be only about 20 cell lines that qualify for federal financing, not more than 60 as the government initially said in 2001. (consumerwatchdog.org)

Although attempts have not yet been made to create a therapeutic transplant from embryonic stem cells, the methods have been developed to allow the creation of functional, mature cells using human cell cloning technology. (news-medical.net)
This latest anti-publicity on adult stem cells comes on the heels of a paper announcing success in embryonic stem (ES) cell transplant in a Parkinson rat model published in the house journal of the United States National Academy of Sciences [5]. (i-sis.org.uk)
Neither the title of the paper, nor the abstract mentioned that in the experiment, five out of 25 rats receiving the transplant died with "teratoma-like tumors" in their brains, a well-known hazard of ES cells. (i-sis.org.uk)
If hair cloning is a viable option in the future (perhaps in 15-20 years since I know the time line keeps moving every year) would you expect to see a large number of people elect to have a hair transplant for the sole reason of increasing overall hair density? (baldingblog.com)

You have to know how pluripotent cells adopt specific cell fates. (harvard.edu)

A third view says that cloning will provide for the possibility of improvement by giving birth to children who are free of birth defects, because when any two people create a child through sex there is the possibility for genetic defects. (bartleby.com)
The reality of genetic defects passed on to the cloned child ought to be discussed, according to Fernando Zegers-Hochschild, director of the Unit of Reproductive Medicine at Clinica Las Condes in Santiago, Chile. (wnd.com)

Duane Gish, Ph.D. - The March 1998 Impact article"Cloning - What is It and Where is It Taking Us? (icr.org)

Thus, BACE is a prime drug target for the therapeutic inhibition of Aβ production in AD. (jneurosci.org)
Importantly, therapeutic inhibition of β-secretase would decrease production of all forms of Aβ, including the pathogenic Aβ 42 . (jneurosci.org)

The finding that adult cells can fuse with ES cells is therefore irrelevant to the debate, and the fact that it was used in an attempt to discredit adult stem cells is itself revealing, particularly in view of other recent findings on ES cells. (i-sis.org.uk)

Gene transfer, a method to introduce exogenous genes into host cells, represents the state-of-the-art technology to evaluate functions and expression patterns of genes. (genengnews.com)
But, although the mutation frequency of genes was much lower in ES cells, mutant ES cells accumulated with time in culture. (i-sis.org.uk)
Alternatively, transgenesis and gene targeting techniques can be used to introduce the patient's genes into the stem cell line. (spiked-online.com)
The egg then "reprograms" the adult nucleus so that the cell behaves like an embryo but has the genes of the adult cell. (nih.gov)
The vast diversity of possible T-cell receptors (TCR) is generated by the random recombination of genes in the third complimentary determining regions (CDR3) within a TCR's α and β chains. (biorxiv.org)

Recent studies showed that leukemia stem cells (LSCs) play essential roles in the pathogenesis of leukemia by targeting several signaling pathways, including Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog, and STAT3. (bvsalud.org)

Cloning entails taking the nucleus - the compartment that contains the DNA - from an adult cell and putting it into an egg from which the original nucleus has been removed. (nih.gov)

Although cloning is not an important issue presently, it could potentially replace sexual reproduction as our method of producing children. (bartleby.com)
For the first time, new human hairs have been coaxed into growing from specialised skin cells that can be multiplied in number to potentially create a full head of hair. (baldingblog.com)

Each colony is split and sequentially exported for on-target sequencing and further off-chip clonal expansion of the validated clones. (nature.com)
Consistent with this hypothesis, we find that increased age is correlated with decreased overall TCRβ clone sharing, indicating that the pattern of private TCRβ clonal expansion is a general feature of the T-cell response to other infectious antigens. (biorxiv.org)

WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
WHA50.37, which states "the use of cloning for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)

RUNX1-positive leukemia cells in preclinical models. (lu.se)

However, it should be noted that these morality principles cannot be valued instantaneously in the stem cell study (ESC 1). (premiumessays.net)
A United Nations ad hoc committee has opened discussions on the merits and morality of cloning human beings, addressing many new questions that arise when considering the impact of such practice. (wnd.com)

This paper's main objective is to support the argument that embryo's cloning for one's self to serve as the stem cells' source for purposes of therapy should be considered morally permissible for people who want to prolong lives via this type of therapeutic option . (premiumessays.net)
Religious conservatives have fought therapeutic cloning as morally wrong, essentially because it involves the destruction of a human egg cell. (newsreview.com)
While it's entirely morally unproblematic to grow an organ in a vat (or at least, no more problematic than harvesting the stem cells in the first place), the easiest and most technologically feasible way to get parts is to grow an entire human being. (blogspot.com)

The early mammalian embryo consists of the extra-embryonic cell layers-the trophoblast and a body of cells called the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually become the embryo proper. (thefutureofthings.com)

But it is sad that a consensus could not be achieved, since a partial ban excluding therapeutic cloning was unacceptable to the US. (org.in)

Other major contributions include the directed differentiation of nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells and parthenogenetic stem cells into specific neuron types. (wikipedia.org)
There are important problems in the therapeutic use of cloning which increase with the more advanced differentiation of somatic cells. (yildiz.edu.tr)
Stem cells are not specialized and the process of their specialization is called differentiation. (benthamscience.com)
The term stem cell can be defined by two very important qualities: the cell has the ability to self-renew and, in a more general sense, the cell has not completed differentiation into its final state. (thefutureofthings.com)

I recently participated in a debate at the Harvard Medical School on the ethics of stem cell cloning. (prospect.org)
Margaret Somerville, founding director of the McGill Centre for Medicine, Ethics and Law at McGill University in Montreal, makes her case from a purely academic and secular perspective in a comment published in the National Post last week, called "The ethics of stem cells. (catholicnewsagency.com)
It might be possible one day to reduce such incidence, but such cloning -- it is the stuff science fiction is made of -- leads straight to issues such as the limits of science, ethics and socio-legal implications. (org.in)

2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
Human nuclear cell transfer is legal in the UK, but is liable to become a criminal act in the USA pending an upcoming vote in the Senate. (spiked-online.com)
More than 100 nuclear transfer procedures could be required to produce one viable clone. (wikiquote.org)

Most patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse eventually because of the inability to effectively eliminate leukemia stem cells (LSCs), prompting the search of new therapies to eradicate LSCs. (bvsalud.org)

The human body is made up of about 220 different kinds of specialized cells such as nerve cells, muscle cells, fat cells and skin cells. (benthamscience.com)

What is more, by deriving NT-ESCs from patient cells, the problem of immune rejection may be avoided. (benthamscience.com)
In addition to low success rates, cloned animals tend to have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. (wikiquote.org)
However, we detect a significant correlation between increased HLA allele sharing and increased number of shared TCRβ clones, with each additional shared HLA allele contributing to an increase in ∼0.01% of the total TCRβ clones being shared, supporting a key role for HLA type in shaping the immune repertoire. (biorxiv.org)
T cells make up a key component of the adaptive immune response and allow the body to respond to the diverse range of pathogens it may encounter. (biorxiv.org)
The adaptive immune system of a healthy adult includes up to 10 15 highly diverse T cells ( 1 , 2 ). (biorxiv.org)
T cells that encounter their specific cognate MHC-presented antigen will bind and proliferate, leading to an immune response. (biorxiv.org)
Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are single-pass cell surface receptors that have inhibitory activities on immune cells. (mdpi.com)
We hypothesized that, in CBD, failure of IL-10 to modulate the beryllium-specific, cell-mediated immune response would result in persistent, maximal cytokine production and T lymphocyte proliferation, thus contributing to the development of granulomatous lung disease. (cdc.gov)

Although the simple use of the word 'clone' may have negative connotations, many people have resigned themselves to the idea of cloning cows that produce more milk or using a cloned mouse for use in controlled experimentation. (bartleby.com)

Anatomy4

Chemicals and Drugs1

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Phenomena and Processes4

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science5

Health Care4

Embryos29

Organs10

Somatic cell9

Researchers17

Blastocyst5

Tissue25

Biotechnology6

Tissues7

SCNT9

Regenerative medicine4

Ethical13

Diseases15

Research64

Embryonic stem5

Reproductive Cloning19

Potential17

Dolly1

Biology4

Surrogate1

California1

Embryo cells1

Acute lymphobl1

Scientists9

Propagate2

20021

Treatments1

Molecular5

Parkinson's6

Humans4

Differentiate6

Donor7

Organism2

Unethical1

20012

Transplant4

Pluripotent cells1

Genetic defects2

19981

Inhibition2

Adult cells1

Genes5

Pathogenesis1

Entails1

Potentially2

Clonal expansion2

Ethically2

Preclinical models1

Morality2

Morally3

Mammalian1

Unacceptable1

Differentiation4

Ethics3

Nuclear3

Therapies1

Nerve cells1

Immune8

Experimentation1