TumorsClonalNeoplasmsPremalignant and malignantNeoplasticMyelofibrosis hematopoietic stemHeterogeneousProliferation of plasma cellsDifferentiationStemLymphomasTumourTissuesBenignMonoclonalAntibodyLymphocytesSomaticPancreaticFunctionallyCDNAMetastasesGranulosa cellsCancersExpressionTumor cellsHematopoiesisBehaviorSpontaneousMutationsMultiple myelomaAntigenBoneCarcinomasTransformationMetastatic potentialMalignancyBiologyChronicDisorderCutaneous T-cell lEspecially for hypoxic cellsAntigensAssayParacrineGeneGeneticVectorsNormalProgressionLymphGermDominantReceptorTherapeuticOvarianAggressiveMelanoma cellOverexpressionToxicitySquamousRetinoblastomaVivo
Tumors24
- Many of the tumors derive from one (sufficiently) mutated cell, so they are technically a single clone of cells. (wikipedia.org)
- However, this view of cancer onset has been challenged in recent years and many tumors have been argued to have polyclonal origin, i.e. derived from two or more cells or clones, including malignant mesothelioma. (wikipedia.org)
- Human embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are the stem cells of teratocarcinomas, and they are key components of germ cell tumors (GCTs). (sigmaaldrich.com)
- We are working to dissect the cell populations within tumors to attempt to understand the functional vulnerabilities of each, then to plan for more rational combinatorial treatment approaches," said Giulio Draetta , M.D., Ph.D., professor of Genomic Medicine and director of MD Anderson's Institute for Applied Cancer Science . (mdanderson.org)
- The association of Klinefelter syndrome and mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors is now well recognized. (health.am)
- Four of 22 consecutive patients (18%) treated at Indiana University for primary mediastinal germ cell tumors had karyotypic confirmation of Klinefelter syndrome, and an additional patient had clinical features. (health.am)
- The average age of patients with Klinefelter syndrome who develop extragonadal germ cell tumors is approximately 18 years, 10 years younger than the median age of those developing this tumor in the absence of Klinefelter syndrome. (health.am)
- Increasing evidence indicates that many individuals who develop germ cell tumors have underlying germ cell defects. (health.am)
- Many patients with extragonadal germ cell tumors have histories of infertility, and testicular biopsy in these patients shows various abnormalities, including decreased spermatogenesis, peritubular fibrosis, and interstitial edema. (health.am)
- In addition, patients who are successfully treated for extragonadal germ cell tumors have a markedly increased risk of developing a subsequent testicular germ cell tumor. (health.am)
- These data suggest that either a congenital or an acquired germ cell defect contributes not only to defective spermatogenesis but also to the development of extragonadal germ cell tumors. (health.am)
- Hematologic Neoplasia A unique association between mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors and a variety of hematologic neoplasms is now well described. (health.am)
- In a series of 635 patients with extragonadal germ cell tumors, 17 patients developed hematologic malignancies at a median of 6 months after the extragonadal germ cell tumor was diagnosed. (health.am)
- All hematologic neoplasms developed in the 287 patients with mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, for a 2% incidence in this group. (health.am)
- Foci of malignant lymphoblasts have been recognized histologically in several mediastinal germ cell tumors. (health.am)
- However, the specific association of leukemias and other hematologic neoplasms with mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, rather than with all germ cell tumors, remains unexplained. (health.am)
- In addition to hematologic neoplasia, several cases of idiopathic thrombocytopenia in association with mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors have been reported. (health.am)
- The overall treatment outcome of malignant brain tumors remains unsatisfactory even though advanced multimodal treatments including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been available for decades. (nature.com)
- Regardless of the nomenclatures used, the CSCs (as the cells are commonly termed) that are isolated directly from patients' tumors are considered to serve as valuable tools that can enhance our understanding of tumorigenesis, therapeutic resistances and the functional heterogeneity of cancers in vitro and in vivo 5 . (nature.com)
- In recent years, although significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors, breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, largely due to its high rate of relapse, metastasis, and drug resistance [2-5]. (researchsquare.com)
- The gene was shown to be amplified and overexpressed in 2 of 8 ovarian carcinoma cell lines and 2 of 15 primary ovarian tumors. (origene.com)
- Functional malignant cell heterogeneity in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors revealed by targeting of PDGF-DD. (lu.se)
- Here, making use of a newly generated Pdgfd knockout mouse, we reveal a functionally important malignant cell heterogeneity modulated by PDGF-DD signaling in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET). (lu.se)
- Resolving the Pathogenesis of Anaplastic Wilms Tumors through Spatial Mapping of Cancer Cell Evolution. (lu.se)
Clonal15
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a disorder of bone marrow cells resulting in shortened life of red blood cells, which is also a result of clonal expansion, i.e., all the altered cells are originally derived from a single cell, which also somewhat compromises the functioning of other "normal" bone marrow cells. (wikipedia.org)
- When ultimately many cells are produced by a single cell, clonal expansion is said to have taken place. (wikipedia.org)
- A somewhat similar concept is that of a clonal colony (also called a genet), wherein the cells (usually unicellular) also share a common ancestry, but which also requires the products of clonal expansion to reside at "one place", or in close proximity. (wikipedia.org)
- Plasma cell lesions are the neoplastic (clonal) proliferation of plasma cells involving single bones (plasmacytoma) or multiple bones (multiple myeloma). (medscape.com)
- Plasma cell myeloma (multiple myeloma, myelomatosis, medullary plasmacytoma) is a bone marrow-based, malignant disorder of postgerminal center B-cells that is characterized by a clonal proliferation of plasma cells, with associated serum and/or urine monoclonal proteins. (medscape.com)
- Asymptomatic plasma cell myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm defined by the presence of serum monoclonal protein of 3.0 gm/dL or greater (by electrophoresis) and/or clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow of 10% or greater, without evidence of end-organ damage (hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, lytic lesions of bone). (medscape.com)
- Symptomatic plasma cell myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm defined as the presence of end-organ damage (hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, lytic lesions of bone) in a patient with a monoclonal protein (of any amount) and clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow (of any amount) or plasmacytoma. (medscape.com)
- We discuss the rationale of various anti-fibrogenic treatment strategies targeting the clonal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell, aberrant signaling pathways, fibrogenic cytokines, and the tumor microenvironment. (haematologica.org)
- These are independent clonal derivatives of a spontaneous malignant melanoma tumour in the mouse. (biologists.com)
- Because most cancers have a clonal origin, cancer stem cells (CSCs) must generate phenotypically diverse progenies including mature CSCs that can self-renew indefinitely and differentiated cancer cells that possess limited proliferative potential. (nature.com)
- However, clonal dynamics are not directly accessible in humans, posing a need for inference approaches to reconstruct the division history in normal and malignant cell clones, and to predict their future evolution. (ox.ac.uk)
- This type of amyloid is usually associated with systemic disease due to an underlying clonal plasma cell proliferative disorder or a B-cell lymphoma. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
- To limit off-tumor targeting, we sought to develop a CART platform specific for a given TCRvb family that would endow CAR-modified T cells with the ability to mediate lysis of the clonal malignant population while preserving the majority of healthy T cells. (bvsalud.org)
- Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders unified by the presence of distinct mutations of hematopoietic stem cells, most frequently in genes involved in RNA splicing. (msdmanuals.com)
- Risk increases with age due to the acquisition of somatic mutations that can promote clonal expansion and dominance of a particular hematopoietic stem cell, and possibly due to exposure to environmental toxins such as benzene, radiation, and chemotherapeutic agents (particularly long or intense regimens and those involving alkylating agents, hydroxyurea , and/or topoisomerase inhibitors). (msdmanuals.com)
Neoplasms7
- Another important area where one can talk of "clones" of cells is neoplasms. (wikipedia.org)
- The etiology of plasma cell neoplasms is unknown in the majority of cases. (medscape.com)
- Solitary plasmacytoma of bone comprises 3-5% of all plasma cell neoplasms. (medscape.com)
- Plasma cell neoplasms show a spectrum of disease from asymptomatic to symptomatic forms. (medscape.com)
- Recent evidence indicates that the hematologic neoplasms in this setting are not treatment related, but rather arise from clones of malignant lymphoblasts or myeloblasts contained within the mediastinal germ cell tumor. (health.am)
- Subsequently, it has been shown that PRAME is expressed in many malignant neoplasms, including cutaneous melanoma, breast carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and leukemia, whereas normal healthy tissues express minimal or no PRAME , with the exception of the testis and endometrium. (pipelinereview.com)
- These are the malignant proliferations of abnormal clones of white blood cells within the bone marrow that are broadly categorized into lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms depending on the type of white cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
Premalignant and malignant1
- They report a 32% increase in claims for premalignant and malignant skin lesions among app users, largely attributed to benign skin lesions and leading to higher annual costs for app users (€64.97) compared to controls (€43.09). (cdc.gov)
Neoplastic5
- A majority of neoplastic clones were sensitive to one or more of the serotonergic compounds. (erowid.org)
- Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)
- More importantly, several patients have had an identical chromosomal abnormality (an isochromosome of the short arm of chromosome 12) in the neoplastic cells from the mediastinal germ cell tumor and the hematologic neoplasm, providing strong evidence for a common origin. (health.am)
- This lack of association implies the involvement of a secondary mechanism leading to the genetic changes necessary for neoplastic transformation of cells. (ecetoc.org)
- Neoplastic proliferations of white blood cells also cause leukocytosis. (medscape.com)
Myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem3
- The experiments explored the hypothesis that the combination of imetelstat and ruxolitinib might create a treatment regimen for MF that could be more efficacious than using either drug alone in reducing myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells. (globenewswire.com)
- As stated in the abstract, these findings suggest that an additive inhibitory activity against malignant myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells can be achieved using a sequential treatment regimen of ruxolitinib followed by imetelstat. (globenewswire.com)
- Although bone marrow fibrosis is seen in a variety of malignant and non-malignant disease states, the deposition of reticulin and collagen fibrosis in the bone marrow of patients with myelofibrosis is believed to be mediated by the myelofibrosis hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell, contributing to an impaired microenvironment favoring malignant over normal hematopoiesis. (haematologica.org)
Heterogeneous6
- Cancers are composed of heterogeneous combinations of cells that exhibit distinct phenotypic characteristics and proliferative potentials. (nature.com)
- Our results suggest that single cell-derived subclones from a patient can produce phenotypically heterogeneous self-renewing progenies in both in vitro and in vivo settings. (nature.com)
- GBM, as its name suggests, is composed of a pathologically heterogeneous mixture of cells that exhibit varying degrees of cellular and nuclear polymorphism 2 . (nature.com)
- Therefore, functionally analyzing the individual types of the heterogeneous cells and determining their role in tumor pathogenesis are critical. (nature.com)
- Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid malignancies associated with poor prognosis due to ineffective treatment options and high rates of relapse. (bvsalud.org)
- instead, we found that PDGF-DD stimulated bulk tumor cell proliferation by induction of paracrine mitogenic signaling between heterogeneous malignant cell clones, some of which expressed PDGFRβ. (lu.se)
Proliferation of plasma cells1
- blood transfusion), spinal cord, lung cancer (oncology), respiratory cancer, radiology Background Multiple myeloma is a malignant proliferation of plasma cells mostly affecting the bone marrow and commonly presents with anaemia, hypercalcaemia, renal dysfunction, bone and skeletal involvement. (2011globalhealth.org)
Differentiation15
- In stratified epithelia proliferative basal cells adherent to the underlying basement membrane undergo cell cycle arrest then outward migration and terminal differentiation. (stanford.edu)
- This process is mediated by 2 mutually exclusive programs of gene expression: 1) an undifferentiated program supporting proliferation by stem cells within the basal layer and 2) a differentiation program instructing growth arrest and differentiation-associated programmed cell death in suprabasal layers. (stanford.edu)
- We are currently pursuing studies of the dominant signaling and gene regulatory networks that control this process, including the Ras/MAPK cascade, which is required for stem cell-mediated self-renewal and the p53 transcription factor family member, p63, which is required for epidermal differentiation. (stanford.edu)
- The function of histone modifying epigenetic regulators and noncoding RNA as central mediators of epithelial stem cell renewal and differentiation represent major emerging areas of study in the lab. (stanford.edu)
- When either the sphere-forming system or the adherent system is used, some of the cancer cells can be propagated but other cells are lost because of cell death/apoptosis or differentiation. (nature.com)
- Sry-related HMG-BOX gene 10, (SOX-10), a nuclear transcription factor that participates in neural crest development and in the specification and differentiation of cells of melanocytic lineage, has been recently shown to be a sensitive marker of melanoma. (thermofisher.com)
- Because of their unique expression profile and special functions, miRNAs have been used as molecular markers to define the direction and processes of cell differentiation by regulating one or several target genes. (researchsquare.com)
- CD38 is expressed at increasingly higher levels on B cells at each stage of B-cell differentiation, and is then down-regulated on germinal center B cells and mature plasma cells. (thermofisher.com)
- CD38 (NAD+ glycohydrolase) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein able to induce activation, proliferation and differentiation of mature lymphocytes and mediate apoptosis of myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells. (thermofisher.com)
- Our scientists have developed a wide array of stem cell-focused reagents and resources for many applications including flow cytometry , western blotting , ELISAs , and recombinant proteins for cell differentiation. (biolegend.com)
- RUNX1 is also required for the differentiation of CD8+, Th17, and regulatory T cells. (biolegend.com)
- These findings revealed that RUNX1 acts as a tumor suppressor for myeloid leukemia and is crucial for the development and terminal differentiation of several blood cell lineages 2,3 . (biolegend.com)
- These malignancies are further characterized by the maturity and differentiation of the individual cell types and are divided into acute leukemias such as acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic leukemias such as chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (medscape.com)
- Different characteristics of the nuclei and cytoplasm of the cell allow differentiation by instrumentation and microscopy. (medscape.com)
- Temporal multimodal single-cell profiling of native hematopoiesis illuminates altered differentiation trajectories with age. (lu.se)
Stem22
- The only potentially curative option for MDS is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, until recently associated with a relatively high risk for transplant-related mortality and relapse. (aamds.org)
- In the experiments, the regimen of sequential treatment of ruxolitinib followed by imetelstat resulted in greater reductions in the MF hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, compared to when either drug was used alone or simultaneously. (globenewswire.com)
- In addition, the sequential treatment regimen did not affect normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (globenewswire.com)
- This antibody reacts with TRA-1-60 antigen that is expressed upon the surface of human tetracarcinoma stem cells (EC), human embryonic germ cells (EG) and human embryonic stem cells (ES). (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the only curative therapeutic approach that reliably results in resolution of bone marrow fibrosis in patients with myelofibrosis. (haematologica.org)
- 3 Myelofibrosis (MF) refers to the Philadelphia chromosome ( BCR-ABL1 )-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) originating at the level of the multipotent hematopoietic stem cell. (haematologica.org)
- The control of this transition from epithelial stem cell to differentiated corneocyte, which is abnormal in epidermal cancers, is not well understood. (stanford.edu)
- The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis, which was first described in studies on leukemia, has attracted considerable attention in other cancer fields, including the one devoted to brain tumor 4 . (nature.com)
- In laboratory settings, glioma stem cells (GSCs) can be isolated by adding EGF and FGF to suspension cultures in the absence of serum, which is the so-called sphere-forming method, or by using adherent culture systems in which specific materials are coated on culture dishes 4 , 6 . (nature.com)
- The miRNA profile between breast cancer stem cells(BCSCs, CD44+CD24-/low) and control MCF-7 breast cancer cells was obtained in a previous study. (researchsquare.com)
- MiRNAs can also control the self-renewal or proliferation of stem cells [9]. (researchsquare.com)
- Previous studies have confirmed that miRNAs play an important role in gene regulation in CD44 + CD24 -/low breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). (researchsquare.com)
- Hence, our objective was to detect association of cancer stem cell (CSC) marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) with clinicopathological profile in lung carcinoma patients. (ijpmonline.org)
- Expression of stem cell marker ALDH1 with the staging of the tumor was observed in 62.5% of Stage I, 80% of Stage II, 94.1% of Stage III, and 100% of Stage IV cases. (ijpmonline.org)
- Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) induced by malignant clone of hematopoietic stem cell is usually treated with imatinib mesylate. (farmaciajournal.com)
- The treatment with imatinib has two main problems, first it cannot thoroughly eliminate leukaemia stem cells and second it develops primary or secondary drug resistance. (farmaciajournal.com)
- The patient went on to have chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation with a good outcome. (2011globalhealth.org)
- Stem cells are unique due to their ability to limitlessly self-renew and differentiate into each cell type in the adult body. (biolegend.com)
- The capability of these cells to differentiate depends on the stem cell type, the regulation of gene expression by various transcription factors and interaction with the stem cell niche 1,4 . (biolegend.com)
- Rb homeostasis is also essential for self-renewal and survival of human embryonic stem cells 10 . (biolegend.com)
- RUNX1-deficient mice fail to generate hematopoietic stem cells. (biolegend.com)
- Decreased WBC count, leukopenia, is seen when supply is depleted by infection or treatment such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or when a hematopoietic stem cell abnormality does not allow normal growth/maturation within the bone marrow, such as myelodysplastic syndrome or leukemia. (medscape.com)
Lymphomas2
- Antibodies to CD38 are useful in subtyping of lymphomas and leukemias, detection of plasma cells (i.e. identification of myelomas), and as a marker for activated B and T cells. (thermofisher.com)
- The area of research for our group is malignant lymphomas - all possible aspects, aiming for the improvement of the quality of life and survival of these patients. (lu.se)
Tumour1
- To analyse whether AID is expressed in L&H cells as an indicator of active somatic hypermutation in the tumour cells. (bmj.com)
Tissues7
- Muller proposed that cancer cells developed from budding elements (blastema) between normal tissues. (cancer.org)
- Skin malignancies, including epidermal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), alone account for nearly as many cancers as all other tissues combined. (stanford.edu)
- Expression of DCT was absent or barely detected in retina tissues, various human ocular cells, and major organs. (molvis.org)
- When we placed dissociated glioma tissues on uncoated culture dishes, some cells formed sphere-like aggregates, whereas other cells grew out and extended cellular processes ( Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
- The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
- Motile cells inside living tissues often encounter junctions, where their path branches into several alternative directions of migration. (ox.ac.uk)
- Malignant transformation of somatic tissues is an evolutionary process, driven by selection for oncogenic mutations. (ox.ac.uk)
Benign2
- Furthermore, they can connect malignant cells to benign cells, including vascular endothelial cells. (frontiersin.org)
- Extramedullary plasmacytoma is an unusual mode of presentation for newly diagnosed myeloma patients, but in these unlucky cases the disease is often extensive, and the prognosis is poor.6 The causes of incidental pulmonary nodules can be categorised as benign or malignant. (2011globalhealth.org)
Monoclonal3
- and monoclonal-derived from one clone. (wikipedia.org)
- Monoclonal Anti-MUC1 (mouse IgG1 isotype) is derived from the hybridoma 1D1 produced by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells and splenocytes from BALB/c mice immunized with semi-purified MUC1 from pleural effusion of a breast cancer patient. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- 1 Analysis of V gene rearrangements in single L&H cells revealed the presence of somatic mutations with intraclonal diversity in functional monoclonal V gene rearrangements, in line with a GC B cell origin. (bmj.com)
Antibody8
- The B cells in the body have two important phenotypes (functional forms)-the antibody secreting, terminally differentiated (that is, they cannot divide further) plasma cells, and the memory and the naive cells-both of which retain their proliferative potential. (wikipedia.org)
- This Anti-TRA-1-60 Antibody, clone TRA-1-60 is validated for use in WB, FC, IF, IP, IC for the detection of TRA-1-60. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Western blot of purified actin and cell extracts probed with anti-actin antibody. (cytoskeleton.com)
- Immunofluorescence images of mouse Swiss 3T3 cells stained with anti-actin antibody. (cytoskeleton.com)
- Human malignant melanoma stained with anti-SOX-10 antibody using peroxidase-conjugate and DAB chromogen. (thermofisher.com)
- A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)
- antibody (clone AD2.35) on mouse primary astrocytes. (biolegend.com)
- The cells were fixed, permeabilized, blocked and then stained with primary antibody, and Alexa Fluor® 594 conjugated secondary IgG (Cat. (biolegend.com)
Lymphocytes3
- Lymphocytes do not show histologic atypia to suggest malignant transformation. (medscape.com)
- Subsequent studies (Driscoll et al, 1997) revealed a relationship between the severity of pulmonary inflammation and ex vivo induced mutations by co-incubating lung lavage inflammatory cells (macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes) from carbon black exposed rats with rat lung epithelial cells. (ecetoc.org)
- The white blood cells (leukocytes) are further divided into phagocytes or myeloid (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes) and immunocytes or lymphoid (lymphocytes). (medscape.com)
Somatic5
- It is unclear whether intraclonal V gene diversification by somatic hypermutation, which is strictly dependent on the enzyme activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID), is restricted to the early phase of lymphoma clone expansion and later silenced, or whether it remains active throughout malignant proliferation. (bmj.com)
- Somatic hypermutation may remain active in L&H cells in a considerable proportion of cases, increasing the risk of acquiring further transforming mutations. (bmj.com)
- 7 Several studies analysing AID expression and mutation patterns in V gene rearrangements in various B cell non-HLs showed that, although somatic hypermutation activity is strictly dependent on AID, the expression of this protein does not necessarily indicate ongoing somatic hypermutation. (bmj.com)
- Intraclonal diversity in V gene rearrangements as a result of active somatic hypermutation is a typical feature of GC B cells. (bmj.com)
- Aging skin contains somatic mutant clones from which such cancers develop. (cdc.gov)
Pancreatic5
- They are preferentially expressed by a variety of adenocarcinomas, including breast, prostate, ovarian and pancreatic carcinomas as well as malignant plasma cells of multiple myelomas. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- Researchers have identified a gatekeeper protein that prevents pancreatic cancer cells from transitioning into a particularly aggressive cell type and also found therapies capable of thwarting those cells when the gatekeeper is depleted. (mdanderson.org)
- To identify and study the impact of pancreatic cancer cell plasticity, the team established an experimental approach to isolate and characterize single cell clones called "escapers" that spontaneously acquire malignant features. (mdanderson.org)
- Profiling the two types of escaper populations revealed that mesenchymal clones are characterized by the extinction of KRAS signaling, a common driver of pancreatic cancer, and the abnormal activation of epigenetic programs regulated by the chromatin remodeling factor SMARCB1. (mdanderson.org)
- Overexpression contributes to the malignant phenotype of a subset of human ductal pancreatic cancers. (origene.com)
Functionally1
- or from functionally distinct subsets such as CD4 and CD8 T-cells. (elifesciences.org)
CDNA1
- Fluorescence-activated cell sorting and cDNA-microarray analyses revealed that each subclone was composed of distinct populations of cells. (nature.com)
Metastases3
- Resulting clones expressing differentlevels of KiSS-1 were selected and each type was injected into separategroups of immune-deficient mice by two methods (either into the skin ordirectly into the circulatory system) designed to elicit spontaneous andinduced (experimental) metastases, respectively. (cancernetwork.com)
- Parental C8161 cells resulted in an average of 50lung metastases per mouse, and all mice had lymph node metastases. (cancernetwork.com)
- By contrast,the KiSS-1-expressing clones resulted in as few as one and no more thansix lung metastases per animal and few instances of regional lymph nodeinvolvement. (cancernetwork.com)
Granulosa cells3
- All the granulosa cells in a Graafian follicle are in fact clones. (wikipedia.org)
- HN - 2008 BX - Von Ebner's Glands MH - Cumulus Cells UI - D054885 MN - A05.360.319.114.630.535.200.500 MN - A06.407.312.497.535.300.500 MN - A11.436.300.500 MS - The granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus which surround the OVUM in the GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE. (bvsalud.org)
- HN - 2008 BX - Granulosa Cells, Cumulus MH - Coronary Sinus UI - D054326 MN - A07.231.908.194.500 MS - A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. (bvsalud.org)
Cancers2
- In the 1860s, German surgeon, Karl Thiersch, showed that cancers metastasize through the spread of malignant cells and not through some unidentified fluid. (cancer.org)
- MCPyV DNA was de- covered in Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC), rare but tectable in 37/120 (31%) of all mucosal (anal, penile, oral) aggressive skin cancers ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Expression16
- Following our previous description of the serotonin transporter (SERT) acting as a conduit to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-mediated apoptosis, specifically in Burkitt's lymphoma, we now detail its expression among a broad spectrum of B cell malignancy, while exploring additional SERT substrates for potential therapeutic activity. (erowid.org)
- A previous study demonstrated that SLAMF1, SLAMF2, and SLAMF7 receptors are rather downregulated on CLL cells as compared to their normal B cell counterpart [ 12 ], suggesting that high expression of these molecules may have detrimental (e.g., antiproliferative) effects in the CLL context. (nature.com)
- Here, we show the association of Dbl with G protein betagamma subunits (Gbetagamma) in transient co-expression and cell-free systems. (embl.de)
- Epigenetic control of gene expression lasts through multiple cell divisions without alterations in primary DNA sequence and can occur via mechanisms that include histone modification and DNA methylation. (stanford.edu)
- Measured endpoints included mutations in the HRPT gene of alveolar epithelial cells, changes in bronchi alveolar lavage fluid markers, expression of mRNA for chemokines as well as histopathology. (ecetoc.org)
- The regulatory elements required for this cell-specific gene expression are likely located within its proximal promoter. (molvis.org)
- L&H cells from lymphocyte predominant HL cases and centroblasts from lymphadenites were micromanipulated and analysed for AID expression by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. (bmj.com)
- 6 Recent studies of AID protein expression using western blot analysis showed that AID expression is largely restricted to normal and transformed GC B cells and correlates well with the expression of AID transcripts. (bmj.com)
- 11 To clarify this issue for lymphocyte predominant HL we quantitatively examined the expression of AID in the L&H cells of six patients with lymphocyte predominant HL at the transcription level, because suitable antibodies for immunohistochemistry are not yet available. (bmj.com)
- It has been seen that ALDH1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the presence of marker was linked to a more tumorigenic potential in the in vivo assessment and shorter disease-free survival in NSCLC patients with platinum treatment. (ijpmonline.org)
- Its expression is reported on a subpopulation of thymocytes, mature T cells, and NK cells. (thermofisher.com)
- To Analyze Clones From Patients Who Relapse to Determine Whether Antiviral Escape is Associated With Expression of IRF-4, c-Rel or Other Molecular Events (p53, p16 Mutations) Including Expansion of Novel Clones. (druglib.com)
- associated with expression of IRF-4, c-Rel, or other molecular events (p53, p16 mutations) including expansion of novel clones. (druglib.com)
- However, shared expression of potential target antigens by both malignant and healthy T cells poses a challenge. (bvsalud.org)
- Mechanistically, ovarian cancer cells induced osteopontin expression and secretion by mesothelial cells through TGF-ß signaling. (bvsalud.org)
- The presence of a subclonal population of tumor cells characterized by PDGFRβ expression was further validated in a cohort of human PanNET. (lu.se)
Tumor cells5
- A team from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center describes this week in the journal Nature a series of preclinical experiments using patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) and mouse models that point to potential treatments for patients with a rapidly-progressing and resistant subgroup of tumor cells. (mdanderson.org)
- Genovese and colleagues found, in a subset of tumor cells, after the original oncogenic driver fades, depletion of a gene called SMARCB1 results in a cellular change to mesenchymal status, a mobile and invasive cell state. (mdanderson.org)
- A key challenge in treating cancer stems from molecular and genomic variability of tumor cells, which causes functional differences across cells that can fuel resistance to treatment. (mdanderson.org)
- Note the nuclear staining of tumor cells. (thermofisher.com)
- As a result, there is an emergent need to explore previously unmapped mechanisms regulating distinct subpopulations of tumor cells and to understand their contribution to tumor progression and treatment response. (lu.se)
Hematopoiesis1
- Early clinical data suggest imetelstat may have disease-modifying activity through the suppression of malignant progenitor cell clone proliferation, which allows potential recovery of normal hematopoiesis. (globenewswire.com)
Behavior3
- Binary fission involves mitosis-like behavior of the chromosomes similar to that of cells in higher organisms. (wikipedia.org)
- Also, the term "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoma" was changed to "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder" because of its indolent clinical behavior and uncertain malignant potential. (medscape.com)
- Based on biological analysis, miR-20b-5p was hypothesized to be a key factor due to the malignant behavior of BCSCs. (researchsquare.com)
Spontaneous4
- Healthy humans develop spontaneous CD8+ T cell responses to melanoma associated antigens (MA) expressed by normal melanocytes. (mdpi.com)
- One suggested pathway involves spontaneous or externally caused mutation of a germ cell with subsequent transmission of the defective gene to bladder cells of the offspring. (cdc.gov)
- The relationship between the 'spontaneous' frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) and tumorigenicity was studied in a series of hybrids between a C57BL melanoma cell line and diploid cells, but no correlation was found between the 2 variables. (biologists.com)
- In the test of spontaneous metastasis (measuring the ability of intradermallyinjected cells to metastasize to distant sites), the KiSS-1 clones wereconsistently less able to colonize lung or regional lymph nodes than thecontrol C8161 cells. (cancernetwork.com)
Mutations3
- During concurrently enhanced epithelial cell proliferation such mutations may then be fixed in dividing cells and clonally expressed. (ecetoc.org)
- Understanding when these mutations occur, and how fast mutant cell clones expand can improve diagnostic schemes and therapeutic intervention. (ox.ac.uk)
- Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)
Multiple myeloma1
- SERT was readily detected in derived B cell lines with origins as diverse as B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. (erowid.org)
Antigen3
- Genotypic pattern observed in small plaque parapsoriasis is similar to that observed in chronic dermatitis, and the pattern of clonality of T cells is consistent with the response of a specific subset of T cells that have been stimulated by an antigen. (medscape.com)
- PRAME was first identified as a tumor-associated antigen through analysis of the specificity of tumor-reactive T-cell clones derived from a patient with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. (pipelinereview.com)
- The success of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART) therapy for certain hematological malignancies makes it an attractive treatment option for PTCLs. (bvsalud.org)
Bone7
- Osseous solitary plasmacytoma of bone is a localized bone tumor of plasma cells, without evidence of plasma cell myeloma or marrow plasmacytosis. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] Extraosseous solitary plasmacytoma of bone is a localized, soft-tissue plasma cell neoplasm that occurs in a location other than the bone and does not have evidence of plasma cell myeloma or marrow plasmacytosis. (medscape.com)
- In either form of plasma cell myeloma, immune dysfunction, cytopenias and lytic bone lesions occur as a result of direct cellular interactions (cytokines, growth factors) and/or mass effect. (medscape.com)
- Plasma cell myeloma presents with generalized marrow involvement, with or without lytic lesions of bone. (medscape.com)
- Anemia results from bone marrow replacement by plasma cell myeloma and/or the loss of erythropoietin as a result of renal injury. (medscape.com)
- Sample analysis was performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of bone marrow cell. (farmaciajournal.com)
- Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) describes solid plasma cell tumours of soft-tissue origin as opposed to solitary plasmacytoma of bone. (2011globalhealth.org)
Carcinomas1
- The incidence of keratinocyte cancer (basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin) is 17-fold lower in Singapore than the UK, despite Singapore receiving 2-3 times more ultraviolet (UV) radiation. (cdc.gov)
Transformation1
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), malignant transformation and uncontrolled proliferation of an abnormally differentiated, long-lived myeloid progenitor cell results in high circulating numbers. (msdmanuals.com)
Metastatic potential1
- A new gene, designated KiSS-1, has been isolated from cells of malignant melanoma, in which metastatic potential was suppressed by the introduction of normal human chromosome 6. (cancernetwork.com)
Malignancy2
- The initiating cause of parapsoriasis is unknown, but the diseases likely represent different stages in a continuum of lymphoproliferative disorders from chronic dermatitis stimulated by activated T cells to frank malignancy of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). (medscape.com)
- Hybrids in which malignancy was suppressed and malignant segregants derived from them showed virtually identical SCE frequencies. (biologists.com)
Biology1
- Since SLAMF receptors play a role in NK cell biology, we reasoned that these receptors may impact NK cell-mediated CLL immunity. (nature.com)
Chronic1
- B cell receptor (BCR) signaling plays a critical role in driving proliferation and survival of the malignant clone in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), supported by the clinical activity of inhibitors targeted toward BCR-associated kinases [ 1 ]. (nature.com)
Disorder2
- As the nomenclature and description of the disease spectrum under the descriptive term parapsoriasis evolved, the primary focus has been on the distinction of whether the disorder progresses to mycosis fungoides (MF) or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). (medscape.com)
- El-Darouti et al reported on a 7-year study of a hypopigmented disorder that the researchers believe should be classified as a new variant of parapsoriasis en plaque. (medscape.com)
Cutaneous T-cell l1
- Early patch-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Especially for hypoxic cells2
Antigens1
- T-cell receptors (TCR) and B-cell receptors (BCR) are hypervariable immunoglobulins that play a key role in recognizing antigens in the vertebrate immune system. (elifesciences.org)
Assay1
- We examined the activities of cloned promoter DNA fragments with luciferase assay. (molvis.org)
Paracrine1
- And yet even with this advance, in addition to diffusible soluble factor-mediated paracrine and endocrine cell communication as well as EVs, additional niches of intratumoral communication are filled by other modes of intercellular transfer. (frontiersin.org)
Gene5
- Multiple dominant clones can be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of T-cell receptor gene usage, which supports a reactive process. (medscape.com)
- In the current study, the researchers used a process known as subtractivehybridization to attempt to isolate the gene(s) in nonmalignant clonesof C8161 cells responsible for suppressing metastasis. (cancernetwork.com)
- We also demonstrated that the −657 to +411 DCT promoter fragment efficiently directs RB cell-specific transcription of the luciferase reporter gene in cell lines. (molvis.org)
- The lymphocytic and histiocytic (L&H) cells of lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) originate from germinal centre B cells and carry mutated V gene rearrangements, usually with intraclonal diversity. (bmj.com)
- RUNX1 regulates CD4 gene transcription during multiple stages of T cell development and represses the CD4 gene in CD4-CD8- (double negative) T cells. (biolegend.com)
Genetic2
- The genetic material, in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), continues to shorten with each cell division, and cells eventually stop dividing when they sense that their DNA is critically shortened. (wikipedia.org)
- Genetic factors play a role in the development of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma. (cdc.gov)
Vectors1
- Then, agomir-20b-5p and antagomir-20b-5p were transfected into MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells to detect cell migration, wound healing and proliferation, and lentivirus vectors silencing or overexpressing miR-20b-5p were transfected into T47D-CSCs to detect proliferation and apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
Normal5
- 10] Nevertheless, a hint to the verity of this hypothesis is the recent identification of increased telomerase activity in T cells from CTCL at low-grade stages, high-grade lymphoma, and parapsoriasis, which is activity not exhibited in normal T cells. (medscape.com)
- In 1838, German pathologist Johannes Muller demonstrated that cancer is made up of cells and not lymph, but he believed that cancer cells did not come from normal cells. (cancer.org)
- Investigations On admission the patients blood count was normal: haemoglobin 138 g/L, white cell count 5.14109/L with a normal differential and platelets 256109/L. Chemistry was normal with no evidence of renal failure or hypercalcaemia. (2011globalhealth.org)
- Metronidazole selectively radiosensitizes hypoxic cells without influencing the radiation response of normal well-oxygenated cells [5,7-9]. (who.int)
- Metronidazole selectively radiosensitizes of metronidazole (in a range of therapeutic hypoxic cells without influencing the ra- concentrations) on PMN-generated free diation response of normal well-oxygenated radicals during phagocytosis activity in cells [ 5,7-9 ]. (who.int)
Progression1
- These parts include a multitude of cell types that evolve during the course of carcinogenesis and cancer cell progression. (frontiersin.org)
Lymph1
- For instance, two plasma cells belonging to the same clone could be derived from different memory cells (in turn with shared clonality) and could be residing in quite distant locations, such as the cervical (in the neck) and inguinal (in the groin) lymph nodes. (wikipedia.org)
Germ1
- therefore, the association with mediastinal germ cell tumor seems specific. (health.am)
Dominant2
- Southern blot analysis of T-cell receptor genes from parapsoriasis does not identify a dominant clone of T cells. (medscape.com)
- Furthermore, TCRvb-CARTs eliminated the dominant malignant TCRvb clone in two patient samples. (bvsalud.org)
Receptor3
- Since the SLAMF low signature was strongly associated with an unmutated CLL immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGHV) status in large datasets, we investigated the impact of SLAMF1 and SLAMF7 on the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling axis. (nature.com)
- CD38 functions as a multi-catalytic ectoenzyme serving as ADP-ribosyl cyclase, cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase and possibly NAD+ glycohydrolase or as a cell surface receptor. (thermofisher.com)
- Osteopontin facilitated ovarian cancer cell chemoresistance via the activation of the CD44 receptor, PI3K/AKT signaling, and ABC drug efflux transporter activity. (bvsalud.org)
Therapeutic1
- Although this heterogeneity is generally discussed in terms of pathological structures, examining the dynamic heterogeneity at the cellular level is fundamental to understanding the origins of the cells, potential therapeutic targets and the source of tumor recurrences 3 . (nature.com)
Ovarian3
- Moreover, FLASH irradiation maintained the ability to increase intratumoral CD8+ T-cell infiltration and enhance the efficacy of αPD-1 therapy in preclinical models of ovarian cancer. (bvsalud.org)
- Mesothelial cells are an important cellular component of the ovarian cancer microenvironment that promote metastasis. (bvsalud.org)
- Here, we investigated whether cancer-associated mesothelial cells promote ovarian cancer chemoresistance and stemness in vitro and in vivo. (bvsalud.org)
Aggressive2
- Draetta, who is corresponding author of the paper, noted that identifying the subpopulation of aggressive cells and establishing their vulnerability to proteostasis inhibitors allows a match of treatment to specific cell type. (mdanderson.org)
- The median survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive malignant brain tumor, is typically less than 2 years 1 . (nature.com)
Melanoma cell1
- In previous studies, Lee and colleagues found that introducing a normalhuman chromosome 6 into the highly metastatic human melanoma cell lineC8161 almost entirely suppressed its metastatic properties, although thecells still were tumor-producing. (cancernetwork.com)
Overexpression2
- Overexpression of SLAMF1 or SLAMF7 in IGHV mutated CLL cell models resulted in reduced proliferation and impaired responses to BCR ligation, whereas the knockout of both receptors showed opposing effects and increased sensitivity toward inhibition of components of the BCR pathway. (nature.com)
- The effect of miR-20b-5p on xenograft growth was investigated in vivo by transfection of a lentivirus-overexpression vector into T47D cells. (researchsquare.com)
Toxicity2
- However, recent studies show increased cure rates due to better tools to target the malignant clone with less toxicity. (aamds.org)
- It is worth mentioning that many of the electron-affinic radiosensitizers of hypoxic cells also have the property of preferential or selective toxicity directed against hypoxic cells even in the absence of radiation [1,2]. (who.int)
Squamous3
- Inherited phenotypic characteristics - such as light skin, red or blonde hair, and light-colored eyes - are associated with an increased risk of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma. (cdc.gov)
- A family history of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma is associated with a risk that is two to four times that in persons without a family history. (cdc.gov)
- Inherited disorders such as xeroderma pigmentosum also increase the risk of cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma, often with an earlier age at onset. (cdc.gov)
Retinoblastoma2
- Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant childhood intraocular tumor. (molvis.org)
- Rb , or retinoblastoma protein, is a key regulator of the cell cycle, particularly during the transition from the G1 to S phases. (biolegend.com)
Vivo2
- Current prospective CART approaches cause a high degree of on-target, off-tumor activity, resulting in fratricide during CAR T-cell expansion, depletion of healthy T cells in vivo, and immune compromise in the patient. (bvsalud.org)
- It is the in vivo situation where blood cells are worth mentioning that many of the electron- suspended in their original medium. (who.int)