• This study aimed to characterize the interaction of MVA and MVA expressing the HIV-1 genes Env-Gag-Pol-Nef of clade B (referred to as MVA-B) in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) and the subsequent processes of HIV-1 antigen presentation and activation of memory HIV-1-specific T lymphocytes. (ub.edu)
  • In LPS-stimulated human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and Langerhans-like cells, the peptides blocked IL-6 secretion, downregulated expression of maturation markers and inhibited dendritic cell migration. (nature.com)
  • Open in a separate window Physique 1 Cell surface area phenotype of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • METHODS: Hybrids were obtained by electrofusion of tumor cells and monocyte-derived DCs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells and sinusoidal endothelium) and infiltrating leukocytes (e.g., monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes). (mdpi.com)
  • Mouse PBMCs were differentiated into immature mouse dendritic cells by culturing for 5 days in reagents included in the CellXVivo ™ Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells Differentiation Kit. (rndsystems.com)
  • In 2018, our research group identified the three transcription factors that allow us to convert fibroblasts, for example from the skin, into type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1). (lu.se)
  • We used the minimal gene regulatory network of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) to reprogram cancer cells into professional antigen-presenting cells (tumor-APCs). (lu.se)
  • Furthermore, our data showed that the expression levels of RALDH1 in small intestinal epithelial cells correlated with the activity of vitamin A-converting enzymes in mesenteric lymph node dendritic cells, along with increased numbers of intestinal regulatory T cells and a higher production of luminal IgA. (aai.org)
  • Crucial roles of B7-H1 and B7-DC expressed on mesenteric lymph node dendritic cells in the generation of antigen-specific CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the establishment of oral tolerance. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • However, these cells have limitations, such as rapid maturation and a short lifespan in vivo . (newswise.com)
  • In previous studies, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated into imDCs, and sinomenine (SN) was used to inhibit the maturation of imDCs. (newswise.com)
  • Before DCs become potent antigen presenting cells, they undergo a maturation process that enables them to efficiently stimulate naïve T cells. (gu.se)
  • Thus, the aim of this thesis was to investigate the maturation and function of DCs during intracellular bacteria infection and its impact on T cell stimulation. (gu.se)
  • Conditional roles of MyD88 and IFN-α/β in homeostatic regulation of dendritic cell maturation but not for development of protective CD8 T cell memory response against Listeria. (gu.se)
  • MyD88 and IFN-α/β are hierarchically required for functional maturation of dendritic cells and induction of CD4 T cells during infection. (gu.se)
  • Infection of immature dendritic cells (DCs) by virus stimulates their maturation into APC. (pasteur.fr)
  • Although defects may occur in many steps in B-cell development and maturation, resulting in agammaglobulinemia, the most common and well-described defect is the impaired maturation of the pro-B cells to pre-B cells. (medscape.com)
  • DC vaccines treated with IL-15 and p38 MAPK inhibitor are more effective than standard DC vaccines at generating antigen-specific Th17 T cells in vivo. (bmj.com)
  • DCs are also the only cell type which can activate naïve T cells and induce antigen-specific immune responses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hybrids expressed more co-stimulatory and MHC molecules, induced higher antigen-specific T-cell expansion and were the only cells able to induce IFN-γ-producing antigen-specific T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells control dendritic cells in inducing antigen-specific immunity to emerging SARS-CoV-2 antigens. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • While innate immune cells are important for early tumor immune surveillance, T cells are fundamentally recognized for their crucial role in the antigen-specific recognition and elimination of malignantly transformed cells ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • T cell memory is antigen-specific, and can provide durable host-wide protection. (frontiersin.org)
  • During her Master's, in the Pereira Lab, Abby identified the transcription factor combination necessary to induce plasmacytoid dendritic cell identify from fibroblasts. (lu.se)
  • One of many cytokines made by these cells can be tumor necrosis element (TNF), a cytokine that works at various amounts to be able to promote defense swelling and response. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • Generally, properties of all types of dendritic cells can be highly affected by local micro-environment such as presence of pro or anti-inflammatory cytokines, therefore tolerogenic properties of tol-DCs are often context dependant and can be even eventually overridden into pro-inflammatory phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
  • Imiquimod is presumed to clear basal cell carcinoma (BCC) through apoptosis mediated by cytokines and lymphocytes, with erosion often observed correlating with complete clearance. (nih.gov)
  • These LL37-specific autoimmune T cells produce Th17 cytokines which, on one hand, elicit the psoriatic phenotype and, on the other hand, sustain the antimicrobial peptide expression by keratinocytes, providing a feedback loop that perpetuates skin inflammation in psoriasis. (chuv.ch)
  • In conclusion, our results suggest that HCV interferes with antiviral immunity through TLR2-mediated monocyte activation triggered by the HCV core protein to induce cytokines that in turn lead to PDC apoptosis and inhibit IFN-alpha production. (umassmed.edu)
  • Cytokines produced by DCs can also promote the differentiation of CD4 + T helper cells as part of immune activation. (rndsystems.com)
  • The cells' initial response involves the release of cytokines, signaling proteins which attract immune cells to the site of infection. (charite.de)
  • In this study, we were able to show that, in their basal state, these specialist immune cells are subject to the uninterrupted microbiome-controlled signaling of type I interferons (IFN-I)." Interferons are cytokines, i.e. special signaling molecules which are known to play a role in antiviral activity. (charite.de)
  • NKT cells are innate-like T cells that quickly respond to antigenic stimulation and rapidly produce large amounts of cytokines and chemokines. (msdmanuals.com)
  • PMNs are rapidly recruited to tissues upon injury or infection, where they likely encounter other cells, for instance local and/or recruited dendritic cells and monocytes/macrophages. (springeropen.com)
  • Monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) participate in the innate disease fighting capability however they are instrumental in instructing the cells from the adaptive disease fighting capability via antigen demonstration and cytokine creation. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • Different systems of tolerance operate in LY294002 pontent inhibitor various cell types in that in lymphocytes deletion of cells is usually a LY294002 pontent inhibitor major mechanism, while in monocytes blockade of signal transduction predominates. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • This mechanism activates skin pDC but also other cell types such as conventional DC, monocytes ( Chamilos et al . (chuv.ch)
  • We identified CD14+ monocytes as the source of TNF-alpha and IL-10 in the HCV core-induced inhibition of PDC IFN-alpha production. (umassmed.edu)
  • This kit contains the following optimized proteins and reagents to drive the efficient differentiation of mouse monocytes into dendritic cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • In addition, diabetic mice presented a reduced influx of TCD4+ cells, TCD8+ cells, B lymphocytes, NK cells, and dendritic cells compared to control infected groups. (hindawi.com)
  • Insulin treatment restored the leukocyte number in PeLF and restored the presence of B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells in lungs of diabetic animals. (hindawi.com)
  • The data suggest that diabetic mice present impaired immunological response to Pb18 infection and insulin modulates inflammation by reducing IL-6 levels in lung and CINC-1 levels in spleen and liver homogenates, restoring leukocyte concentrations in PeLF and also restoring populations of dendritic cells and B lymphocytes in lungs of diabetic mice, permitting the host to better control the infection. (hindawi.com)
  • MVA-B infection induced apoptosis of the infected cells and the resulting apoptotic bodies were engulfed by the uninfected MDDC, which cross-presented HIV-1 antigens to autologous CD8+ T lymphocytes. (ub.edu)
  • MVA-B-infected MDDC co-cultured with autologous T lymphocytes induced a highly functional HIV-specific CD8+ T cell response including proliferation, secretion of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, MIP-1β, MIP-1α, RANTES and IL-6, and strong cytotoxic activity against autologous HIV-1-infected CD4+ T lymphocytes. (ub.edu)
  • Context An altered function of lymphocytes, DC and immature myeloid cells appears to be an hallmark of tumor-mediated immune suppression and the two inhibitory co-stimulatory receptors PDL-1 and CTLA4 might have a role in this context. (unipd.it)
  • To assess immunosuppressive function, myeloid cells were FACS sorted and co-cultured with allogenic total T lymphocytes in 1:20 and 1:40 ratios. (unipd.it)
  • FACS sorted CTL and CM CD33+CD14-HLA-DR+ cells did not significantly affect the proliferation of allogenic total T lymphocytes both at 1:20 (P=0.54) or at 1:40 ratios (P=0.81). (unipd.it)
  • Using tumor cells constitutively expressing a cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, we show that expansion of CMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) restricted by DCs' MHC class I molecules was higher when DC-tumor hybrids were the stimulators. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Characterized by cell-surface molecules including CD103, CD69, and CD49a, T RM -like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be found in a wide range of human cancers, where they portend improved prognosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Human primary tumor cells could also be reprogrammed to increase their capability to present antigen and to activate patient-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. (lu.se)
  • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigens on target cells and lyse these cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Because IL-10 affects the phenotypic and functional properties of DCs, which are responsible for initiating adaptive immune responses, we investigated whether IL-10 induces changes in DC phenotype and function in the context of HIV infection. (jci.org)
  • Objective The aim of the present in vitro study was to assess whether PaCa cells cross-talk with normal mononuclear circulating cells (PBMC) causing them to acquire an immune-suppressive phenotype and to evaluate whether PDL1 and CTLA4 are involved. (unipd.it)
  • The tumor associated reduced expression of the inhibitory molecule CTLA4 in this cell population was demonstrated to characterize an immunosuppressive phenotype and this study suggests to take care in the use of anti-CTLA4 therapies. (unipd.it)
  • The cell surface phenotype of DCs was determined by flow cytometry and as shown in Fig. ?Fig.11 the cells generated in this way exhibit a high level expression of CD1a, CD209 and CD83. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • Cell phenotype was evaluated by flow cytometry and antigen-presenting ability by co-culture with syngeneic T cells followed by tetramer analysis and interferon (IFN)-γ ELISPOT. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Immature dendritic cells have the phenotype of CD11c + , with intermediate expression of B7-2/CD86, MHC class II, and little to no CD40. (rndsystems.com)
  • Mature dendritic cells have the phenotype of CD11c + , with increased expression of B7-2/CD86, MHC class II, and CD40. (rndsystems.com)
  • Enforced expression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 (PIB) was sufficient to induce the cDC1 phenotype in 36 cell lines derived from human and mouse hematological and solid tumors. (lu.se)
  • The objective was to determine the cellular immune response early in the course of treatment in order to examine whether cell mediated immunity could be responsible for imiquimod mediated regression of BCC. (nih.gov)
  • We show that antigen presentation by steady-state dendritic cells failed to induce peripheral tolerance in the absence of FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells but induced protective CD8(+) T-cell-mediated immunity instead. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • IFN-alpha production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) is critical in antiviral immunity. (umassmed.edu)
  • Single cell transcription signatures were used to deconvolute the bulk RNA-Seq data into cell-specific signals.ResultsInitial exposure to P. vivax induced activation of innate immunity, including efficient antigen presentation and complement activation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Resident memory (T RM ) cells are a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. (frontiersin.org)
  • While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal T RM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • This review will recount the path to discovering the importance of resident memory CD8 T cells as they pertain to cancer immunity. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition to highlighting key studies that directly implicate T RM cells in anti-tumor immunity, we will highlight earlier work that implicitly suggested their importance. (frontiersin.org)
  • The recent success of T cell immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies for cancer has revealed CD8 T cells as potent mediators of immunity against advanced cancers ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • These early classifications of T cell memory were quickly brought to bear on the question of what T cell subset provides the best immunity against cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • Alexandra Gabriela Barros Ferreira defends her Ph.D. thesis "Restoring antitumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies" on Friday, 17 November, 2023. (lu.se)
  • My Ph.D. studies have focused on restoring anti-tumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies. (lu.se)
  • Restoring antitumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies. (lu.se)
  • Nevertheless, little is known about the impact of these vectors on human dendritic cells (DC) and their capacity to present HIV-1 antigens to human HIV-specific T cells. (ub.edu)
  • However, DCs that matured by direct contact with the bacteria, but in the absence of these two factors, were less competent at stimulating naïve T cells than their wild type counterpart due to a decreased capacity to process bacteria-derived antigens. (gu.se)
  • B cell-derived tumors arose at high incidence and displayed Ig gene rearrangement with downregulated expression of B cell-associated antigens, which are features of PEL. (jci.org)
  • At the same time, these cells also use phagocytosis to engulf and digest invasive pathogens, after which they present individual particles as antigens on their cell surface.This, in turn, leads to the activation of T cells (which form part of the adaptive immune system) and results in a targeted immune response. (charite.de)
  • In contrast, when T cell activation is triggered by cDCs presenting endogenous antigens, this leads to a faulty and undesirable immune response and results in autoimmune diseases. (charite.de)
  • By using direct reprogramming strategies, I could induce the expression of tumor antigens on the surface of cancer cells, making them visible to the immune system again. (lu.se)
  • when it comes to cancer they are critical as they present tumor antigens to the killer cells of the immune system and orchestrate the anti-tumor immune response. (lu.se)
  • Our approach serves as a platform for the development of immunotherapies that endow cancer cells with the capability to process and present endogenous tumor antigens. (lu.se)
  • Tumor Antigens Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These antigens may be cell surface proteins or may be intracellular proteins (eg, TAAs) that are expressed on the surface in combination with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Natural killer T (NKT) cells are specialized CD1d-restricted T cells that recognize lipid antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This study focused on exploring sinomenine (SN) to promote differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into imDCs (SN-iPSCs-imDCs), and found SN-iPSCs-imDCs with worse donor-specific T-cell stimulatory function, and higher regulatory T-cell proliferative function in vitro and in vivo to induce high immune tolerance. (newswise.com)
  • In this article, we demonstrate that dietary fiber and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) induced the expression of the vitamin A-converting enzyme RALDH1 in intestinal epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro, respectively. (aai.org)
  • Moreover, Ag-specific tolerance in humans can be induced in vivo via vaccination with Ag-pulsed ex vivo generated tolerogenic DCs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we deciphered the involvement of STING in the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and the host response to Mtb infection in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In vivo Mtb aerogenic infection induced the upregulation of the STING and cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase) genes, and Ifn-β pulmonary expression was dependent on both sensors. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Dendritic cells isolated from mice without regulatory T cells had up-regulated costimulatory molecules and showed stronger T-cell stimulatory capacity ex vivo, suggesting that regulatory T cells contribute to peripheral tolerance by keeping the dendritic cells in an immature state. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Why Differentiate Dendritic Cells ex vivo ? (rndsystems.com)
  • Here, we have revealed the role of viral FLICE-inhibitory protein (vFLIP) in the initiation of PEL and MCD by specifically expressing vFLIP at different stages of B cell differentiation in vivo. (jci.org)
  • These results define immunological functions for vFLIP in vivo and reveal what we believe to be a novel viral-mediated tumorigenic mechanism involving B cell reprogramming. (jci.org)
  • For instance, mice are able to reconstitute most lymphomas in monkeys and humans woodchuck hepatitis virus induces major components of the human provides strong support for a direct hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) haematolymphoid system including oncogenic role of EBV in vivo. (who.int)
  • Once inhaled by the host, the fungus interacts with alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells present in the lungs, where it can form a pulmonary focus or spread through the blood and lymphatic vessels [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • We therefore investigated the consequences of exposing two major APCs, macrophages (Mfs) and conventional Dendritic Cells (cDCs) to NETs. (springeropen.com)
  • Treatment was associated with the early appearance of CD4 cells, activated dendritic cells and macrophages, with later infiltration by CD8 T cells. (nih.gov)
  • Dendritic cells continually increased with time, while macrophages reached a maximum at 1 week and then declined slightly. (nih.gov)
  • Macrophages can kill specific tumor cells when activated by a combination of factors, including lymphokines (soluble factors produced by T cells) and interferon. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Under certain circumstances, macrophages may present TAAs to T cells and stimulate tumor-specific immune response. (msdmanuals.com)
  • that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)
  • Indeed a wealth of studies from humans and mouse models establishes a particularly potent role for CD8 T cells in controlling the outgrowth of malignancies ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
  • Malaria systems immunology: Plasmodium vivax induces tolerance during primary infection through dysregulation of neutrophils and dendritic cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Flow Cytometry: SAMHD1 Antibody (OTI3F5) [NBP2-03285] - Analysis of Jurkat cells, using anti-SAMHD1 antibody,(Red), compared to a nonspecific negative control antibody,(Blue). (novusbio.com)
  • Studies sug- terized by flow cytometry using anti between the immune response and the gest that HCV inhibits receptor genes in CD3, CD56 and CD16 monoclonal virus replication rate [5] and play a cru- the activation of NK cells [20], and the antibodies. (who.int)
  • SALPs inhibited LP-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK and reduced cytokine release and gene expression in primary human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. (nature.com)
  • We also documented that Mtb DNA induces STING activation in murine fibroblasts. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Treatment of immature and mature DCs with HIV resulted in potent IL-10 secretion and the same phenotypic and functional changes observed in the IL-10-treated cells. (jci.org)
  • Immunization with a lentivector that targets tumor antigen expression to dendritic cells induces potent CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • While the immunosuppressive signalling was maintained between plasmodium species, response to P. falciparum was significantly more immunogenic.ConclusionsIn silico analyses suggest that primary infection with P. vivax induces potent immunosuppression mediated by dendritic cells, conditioning subsequent anti-malarial immune responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The persistence of such responses is fundamentally thought to be based on the ability of T cells to act as potent effectors and, subsequently, generate long-lived memory ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • of various populations of NKR+ T cells whole blood were withdrawn from Natural killer (NK) cells are potent have been reported to be impaired in each participant on ethylenediamine- antiviral cells which eliminate the vi- chronic hepatitis C patients [16,21]. (who.int)
  • Differential expansion, activation and effector functions of conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in mouse tissues transiently infected with Listeria monocytogenes. (gu.se)
  • Bacteria can release endotoxins like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or other pathogenicity factors such as lipopoteins/peptides (LP) from their cell envelope, even due to treatment with conventional antibiotics, being able to activate Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and induce a strong inflammatory response. (nature.com)
  • A key role in this process is played by 'conventional dendritic cells' (cDCs). (charite.de)
  • Unexpectedly, however, at later times (6 and 24 hours) NETs apparently triggered a cell death process in these APCs by a caspase- and Apoptosis induced factor (AIF)-dependent pathway, suggesting mitochondrial damage. (springeropen.com)
  • Our results would suggest that early in inflammation, NETs can activate the two main APCs (Mfs and cDCs), but as the process continues, NETs can then initiate apoptosis of these cells through mitochondrial harm. (springeropen.com)
  • These tolerogenic effects are mostly mediated through regulation of T cells such as inducing T cell anergy, T cell apoptosis and induction of Tregs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Indeed, addition of rTNF-alpha and IL-10 induced apoptosis and inhibited IFN-alpha production in PDCs. (umassmed.edu)
  • Opened or reconstituted Mouse Dendritic Cell Base Media, Recombinant Mouse GM-CSF, Recombinant Mouse IL-4, or Recombinant Human TNF-alpha should be stored at 2-8 ° C under sterile conditions for up to 30 days or at -20 ° C to -70 ° C in a manual defrost freezer for up to 3 months. (rndsystems.com)
  • Morphology of Mouse Dendritic Cells Derived from PBMCs. (rndsystems.com)
  • Phenotypic Analysis of Cultured Immature and Mature Mouse Dendritic Cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • Kit-derived Mature Mouse Dendritic Cells Induce Proliferation of Allogeneic T Cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • The CD33+CD14-HLA-DR+ PDL-1+ cells did not significantly modify allogenic T cells proliferation with respect to PDL- cells (P=0.11), while those cells which were CTLA4 negative caused a significant inhibition of T cell proliferation in comparison of CTLA4 positive cells (P=0.008). (unipd.it)
  • IDO promotes the degradation of tryptophan to N-formylkynurenin leading to reduced T cell proliferation, whereas HO- 1 catalyzes degradation of hemoglobin resulting in production of monoxide and lower DC immunogenicity. (wikipedia.org)
  • We found that human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) triggered IgA(2) class switching in B cells, including IgA(1)-expressing B cells arriving from mucosal follicles, through a CD4(+) T cell-independent pathway involving a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). (nih.gov)
  • To determine if Th17-inducing vaccines are therapeutically effective in OC, we created a murine model of Th17-inducing dendritic cell (DC) (Th17-DC) vaccination generated by stimulating IL-15 while blocking p38 MAPK in bone marrow-derived DCs, followed by antigen pulsing. (bmj.com)
  • Here, we show that IL-10 treatment of immature and mature human DCs in culture induced contrasting phenotypic changes in these populations: immature DCs exhibited aberrant resistance to NK cell-mediated elimination, whereas mature DCs exhibited increased susceptibility to NKG2D-dependent NK elimination. (jci.org)
  • C ) Mean ± SEM percent lysis of immature and mature DCs at 1:10, 1:20, and 1:50 effector/target ratios with NK cells after coculture with HIV (using 5 independent donors). (jci.org)
  • Dendritic cell vaccines have the potential to harness the patients ' own immune system to get them into remission and potentially keep the cancer from coming back. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Results Th17-DC vaccines increased Th17 T cells in the tumor microenvironment, reshaped the myeloid microenvironment, and improved mouse survival compared with cDC vaccines. (bmj.com)
  • Th17-inducing DC vaccines block ovarian cancer progression. (bmj.com)
  • Th17-inducing vaccines overcome IL-10-mediated resistance of ovarian cancer to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy. (bmj.com)
  • Thus, mucosal vaccines should activate IECs to induce more effective IgA(2) responses. (nih.gov)
  • Recent studies in mouse tumor models have shown that T RM cells are induced by cancer vaccines delivered in peripheral tissue sites, or by the depletion of regulatory T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Both iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs were successfully obtained, and their biological characteristics and ability to induce immunotolerance were compared. (newswise.com)
  • In this study, we compared DC-tumor cell hybrids with the non-fused mixture of DC and tumor cells directly in their ability to induce a specific immune response. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, the pathway by which DCs mature can influence their capacity to induce effector functions in T cells. (gu.se)
  • The skin comprises various cell types providing the potential to react to bacterial pathogenicity factors and can thus initiate inflammatory responses if exposed to these factors 5 . (nature.com)
  • Conceivable, this "late" induction of cell death in these two APCs might start limiting an ongoing inflammatory process to control it. (springeropen.com)
  • Lung inflammation, proinflammatory cytokine production, and inflammatory cell recruitment were similar in STING- and cGAS-deficient mice compared to wild-type controls. (elsevierpure.com)
  • More recently, we found that this inflammatory pathway is also at the heart of a side effect of anti-TNF treatment, called paradoxical psoriasis, which in contrast to psoriasis, is characterized by an exaggerated activation of skin pDC that does not lead to T cell autoimmunity (Conrad et al . (chuv.ch)
  • These findings point to a new inflammatory role of Th17 cells and a potential role in many other inflammatory diseases known to be Th17-driven. (chuv.ch)
  • Accordingly, in malaria-exposed volunteers the inflammatory response was attenuated, with a decreased class II antigen presentation in dendritic cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Fibrotic livers are characterized by an inflammatory microenvironment that is composed of various immunologically active cells, including liver-resident populations (e.g. (mdpi.com)
  • Asthma results from complex interactions among inflammatory cells, their mediators, airway epithelium and smooth muscle, and the nervous system. (medscape.com)
  • Transcripts for one member of this family, ILT7, are selectively expressed in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). (rupress.org)
  • HCV core protein, which was detectable in the plasma of infected patients, reduced TLR9-triggered IFN-alpha and increased TNF-alpha and IL-10 production in PBMCs but not in isolated PDCs, suggesting HCV core induced PDC defects. (umassmed.edu)
  • Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the professional producers of IFN-I in response to many viruses, including all of the herpesviruses tested. (mdpi.com)
  • This lentivector expressed a green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cell cultures and in human skin-derived Langerhans and dermal dendritic cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A dendritic cell vaccine administered before and after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) was safe and immunogenic and was associated with durable clinical responses in patients with high-risk multiple myeloma, according to research published in Clinical Cancer Research . (medicalxpress.com)
  • Furthermore, the vaccine induced survivin-specific immune responses. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Our study showed that we can target survivin with a vaccine-based approach and induce immune responses, and it suggested that this strategy could ultimately help improve patient outcomes," added Locke. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Dendritic-tumor cell hybrids induce tumor-specific immune responses more effectively than the simple mixture of dendritic and tumor cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ObjectivesTo dissect the transcriptional networks underpinning immune cells responses during primary Plasmodium vivax infection of healthy human adults.MethodsWe conducted network co-expression analysis of next-generation RNA sequencing data from whole blood from P. vivax and P. falciparum controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) of healthy naïve and malaria-exposed volunteers. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are key mediators of both innate and adaptive immune responses. (rndsystems.com)
  • Informed by studies in infectious disease models, and instructed by a clear role for T RM cells in autoimmunity, we will discuss strategies for therapeutically promoting T RM responses in settings where they don't naturally occur. (frontiersin.org)
  • Now researchers report that microbiota regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Microbiota--the trillions of bacteria that co-exist in the body--regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses, according to a study led by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, published online in the Journal of Experimental Medicine . (sciencedaily.com)
  • In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), many genetic-susceptibility factors, environmental triggers, antigen-antibody responses, B-cell and T-cell interactions, and immune clearance processes interact to generate and perpetuate autoimmunity. (medscape.com)
  • In order to study the possible role over Ficoll-Hypaque (density 1.077 production, and are the key players in that NK cells might play in the patho- g/L) (Amersham Biosciences) and immune responses to viruses [7]. (who.int)
  • Important and interesting feature of tolerogenic DCs is also the migratory capacity toward secondary lymph organs, leading to T-cell mediated immunosuppression. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, this effect was accompanied by strong immunosuppression mediated by dendritic cells via the induction of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1(IDO1) and Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 (LAG3). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Additionally, P. vivax induced depletion of neutrophil populations associated with down regulation of 3G-protein coupled receptors, CRXCR1, CXCR2 and CSF3R. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In the early 2000's, large and persistent populations of antigen (Ag)-specific CD8 T cells in peripheral tissues were initially classified as T EM cells in recirculation from the blood ( 8 , 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Because of this tissue specificity in tolerance mechanisms we have induced Cd55 and analysed tolerance in mature human DCs. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • They are less effective than T-cell-mediated cytotoxic mechanisms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In mice GFP expression was detected in splenic dectin-2(+) cells after intravenous injection and in CD11c(+) dendritic cells in the draining lymph node after subcutaneous injection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Conversely, nearly all CD11c(+)Her2/neu(+) hybrids expressed CD80, CD86, CD83, HLA-DR and MHC class I from both tumor cells and DCs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, when the bacteria reached the blood stream directly, alternative pathways different than those mediated by MyD88 and IFN-αβR induced upregulation of costimulatory molecules. (gu.se)
  • Our data revealed that at early times (30 min), both Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) showed induction of important costimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86). (springeropen.com)
  • After that, they present these peptides in complexes together with their MHC molecules on their cell surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, tolerogenic DCs may also express various inhibitory surface molecules (e.g. programmed cell death ligand (PDL)-1, PDL-2) or can modulate metabolic parameters and change T cell response. (wikipedia.org)
  • RESULTS: Less than half the cells in the mixture expressed DC co-stimulatory molecules. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We previously showed that dendritic-cell-induced tolerance is a T-cell-intrinsic process that depends on coinhibitory molecules such as programmed death-1. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Upon activation, immature dendritic cells mature and increase the expression of class II MHC and co-stimulatory molecules important for effective antigen presentation to naïve T cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • Reprogramming restored the expression of antigen presentation complexes and costimulatory molecules on the surfaces of tumor cells, allowing the. (lu.se)
  • Evidence suggests that class I MHC molecules on the surface of normal cells inhibit NK cells and prevent lysis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, the functional consequences of NETs interacting with other immune cells, either resident or recruited during early inflammation, have not been assessed. (springeropen.com)
  • CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells are dispensable for controlling CD8+ T cell-mediated lung inflammation. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • They take up foreign proteins, break them down, and present the fragments (peptides) to other immune cells to stimulate an immune response, Locke explained. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Tumor development has been said to occur in three distinct steps: inefficient elimination of early transformed cells, development of a state of equilibrium between tumor cells and immune cells, and tumor escape from immune pressure ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • If absent, relevant mediators are not released, resulting in a failure to activate metabolic processes in certain immune cells. (charite.de)
  • Abby's interest in applying reprogramming to better understand lineage specification of immune cells inspired her to pursue a PhD where she is now exploring dendritic cell and lymphoid lineages diversity. (lu.se)
  • Following stimulation, NKT cells lead to activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. (msdmanuals.com)
  • There were also significant differences in microbial composition in dust samples and in innate immune cells between the two groups of children. (medscape.com)
  • Together, these data suggest that the progressive immune dysfunction observed in chronic viral infections might be caused in part by IL-10-induced reversal of DC susceptibility to NK cell-mediated elimination, resulting in the accumulation of poorly immunogenic DCs in LNs, the sites of adaptive immune response induction. (jci.org)
  • Increased levels of Th17 T cells and IL-17 cytokine are associated with improved survival in ovarian cancer. (bmj.com)
  • Immunotherapy with dendritic cells and/or cytokine-induced killer cells for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. (aetna.com)
  • The effects of iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs on T-cell stimulatory function, and regulatory T (Treg) cell proliferative function in vitro were analyzed by mixed lymphocyte reaction. (newswise.com)
  • Tolerogenic DCs are essential in maintenance of central and peripheral tolerance through induction of T cell clonal deletion, T cell anergy and generation and activation of regulatory T (Treg) cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • FoxP3+ regulatory T cells essentially contribute to peripheral CD8+ T-cell tolerance induced by steady-state dendritic cells. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Here we specifically analyze the involvement of FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells, which are known to be important for maintenance of self-tolerance. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Regulatory T-cell-depleted mice had massively increased numbers of dendritic cells in lymph nodes. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Using blocking antibodies, we demonstrate that CTLA-4 but not IL-10 is necessary for control of dendritic cells by regulatory T cells. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Polymorfonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) or neutrophils, one of the first effector cells of the innate immune system against infection are the most abundant circulating leukocytes and were discovered by Paul Ehrlich. (springeropen.com)
  • We discovered that one of these antimicrobial peptide called LL37 not only triggers innate immune activation but also acts as an epidermal autoantigen targeted by autoimmune T cells in psoriasis Lande et al . (chuv.ch)
  • The induced immunotolerance of SN-iPSCs-DCs was evaluated by treating recipient Balb/c skin graft mice. (newswise.com)
  • Remarkably, IFN-αβR-/- mice expressed higher levels of CD80 and CD86, which translated into stronger naïve T cell stimulation. (gu.se)
  • A dectin-2 lentivector encoding the human melanoma antigen NY-ESO-1 primed an NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T-cell response in HLA-A2 transgenic mice and stimulated a CD4(+) T-cell response to a newly identified NY-ESO-1 epitope presented by H2 I-A(b). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Methods ID8 tumor cells were injected intraperitoneally into mice. (bmj.com)
  • To the researchers' surprise, they found that when they isolated lung dendritic cells from "germ free" or antibiotic-treated mice, the production of IgA was highly impaired. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Further, when the germ-free mice were fed with a component of bacterial cell wall called LPS, the lung dendritic cells started instructing B cells to produce IgA again. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
  • There were comparatively few neutrophils or gammadelta T cells. (nih.gov)
  • Immature dendritic cells (imDCs) play an important role in the induction of donor-specific transplant immunotolerance. (newswise.com)
  • Immature dendritic cells (imDCs) play an important role in the induction of donor-specific transplant immune tolerance. (newswise.com)
  • ASCT is typically preceded by induction therapy with chemotherapy to kill as many cancer cells as possible and induce a remission. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Background While dendritic cells (DCs) can induce tolerance in T cells, little is known about tolerance induction in DCs themselves. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • Most cells have intracellular sensors of viral za virus and appear partially responsible for the ability of products that, when activated, initiate a signaling cascade influenza viruses to infect multiple animal species, which likely contributes to the generation of new pandemic virus- that results in transcriptional induction of the IFN gene. (cdc.gov)
  • The immunolglobulin-like transcript (ILT) family of proteins are surface receptors expressed by antigen-presenting cells capable of modulating host cell functions through intracellular signaling. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These proteins are responsible for inducing several pharmacological effects aiming to immobilize and initiate the pre-digestion of the prey. (nature.com)
  • Produced by a variety of cell types, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are able to transfer lipids, nucleic acids and proteins to recipient cells. (nature.com)
  • One group of these proteins is called immunoglobulins, or antibodies, that are produced by specialized cells called B cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • However, cDC1 can be compromised in cancer patients and some cancer cells lack these antigen-presenting proteins on their surface, impacting immunotherapy response. (lu.se)
  • BACKGROUND AIMS: Dendritic cell (DC)-tumor cell hybrids have been used clinically in cancer immunotherapy, but their advantage over the simple mixture of tumor cells and DCs is still a matter of controversy. (ox.ac.uk)
  • As the field of cancer immunotherapy advances rapidly, it is now crucial to understand how the dissemination and maintenance of tumor-specific T cells can be optimally achieved. (frontiersin.org)
  • Immunotherapy can fail in patients with cancer when certain cancer cells can hide from the immune system. (lu.se)
  • History Tolerance of immune system cells will happen when leukocytes down-regulate their response after an initial encounter with antigen or additional ligands. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • We show herein that tolerance can be induced in dendritic cells both with TLR2 and TLR4 ligands and that the mechanism involved is the ablation of the adaptor molecule IRAK-1. (healthy-nutrition-plan.com)
  • Peripheral T-cell tolerance is thought to significantly contribute to the prevention of autoimmunity, and it has been shown that antigen-presenting steady-state dendritic cells efficiently induce peripheral tolerance. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Resting dendritic cells induce peripheral CD8+ T cell tolerance through PD-1 and CTLA-4. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • We have identified the factors that activate skin pDC and uncovered a fundamental function of cationic antimicrobial peptides in breaking innate tolerance to self-nucleic acids released by dying cells and activate skin pDC ( Lande et al . (chuv.ch)
  • To produce the vaccine, the researchers engineered the patients' own dendritic cells to express survivin and induce an immune response against the protein. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Locke and colleagues designed a dendritic cell vaccine targeting a protein called survivin and tested this vaccine in a phase I clinical trial involving 13 patients with multiple myeloma. (medicalxpress.com)
  • As immunization with the optimal dose of the dectin-2 lentivector was similar to that stimulated by a lentivector containing a strong constitutive viral promoter, targeting antigen expression to dendritic cells can provide a safe and effective vaccine. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Th17-DC vaccine efficacy, alone or with ICB, was mediated by CD4 T cells, but not CD8 T cells. (bmj.com)
  • Such tumor-specific T RM cells are recognized as both necessary and sufficient for long-lived protection against tumors in peripheral tissue locations. (frontiersin.org)
  • whereas T EM cells were shown to recirculate predominantly through blood, and peripheral tissues ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Classical definitions of memory T cells derive from the belief that T cells localize and recirculate predominantly throughout the blood and secondary lymphoid organs ( 7 , 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In the absence of mature B cells, patients lack lymphoid tissue and fail to develop plasma cells, the cells that manufacture antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • Germinal centers where B cells proliferate and differentiate are poorly developed in all lymphoid tissue, including the spleen. (medscape.com)
  • Paracrine signaling from infected DCs induced an antiviral-primed DC state distinct from that of mature virus-infected DCs that we refer to as antiviral-activated DCs (AVDCs). (pasteur.fr)
  • Conclusions PaCa-derived soluble factors induce the expansion of the inhibitory lymphocyte subset CD4+CD25+ and a reduction of the immature CD33+CD14-DR+ dendritic cells. (unipd.it)
  • Overall, 85% of patients had either a T-cell response or an antibody response against survivin," said Locke. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Western Blot: SAMHD1 Antibody (OTI3F5) [NBP2-03285] - Analysis of extracts (35ug) from 9 different cell lines by using anti-SAMHD1 monoclonal antibody. (novusbio.com)
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: SAMHD1 Antibody (OTI3F5) [NBP2-03285] - Staining of COS7 cells transiently transfected by pCMV6-ENTRY SAMHD1. (novusbio.com)
  • Western Blot: SAMHD1 Antibody (OTI3F5) [NBP2-03285] - HEK293T cells were transfected with the pCMV6-ENTRY control (Left lane) or pCMV6-ENTRY SAMHD1 (Right lane) cDNA for 48 hrs and lysed. (novusbio.com)
  • To study the production of IgA within the lungs, the researchers used mouse models to isolate specialized cells called dendritic cells and cultured them with antibody-producing B cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • After four to five days of culture, the B cells started producing the IgA antibody in a process called "IgA class switch recombination. (sciencedaily.com)
  • some cells require the presence of humoral antibodies directed against the tumor cells (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity) to initiate the interactions that lead to the death of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Such memory T cells were traditionally defined as being comprised of both central memory (T CM ) and effector memory (T EM ) subsets ( 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Despite the activity of effector cells, host immunoreactivity may fail to control tumor occurrence and growth. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Natural killer (NK) cells are another population of effector cells with anti-cancer activity. (msdmanuals.com)